Azalea! - one of the varieties of rhododendron
Does such a thing even exist in nature?
wild rosemary
Rhododendron (lat. Rhododendron) is a genus of plants of the heather family. There are more than 600 species of rhododendron, growing mainly in the temperate zone of the Northern Hemisphere. In Russia, under natural conditions, up to 18 species are found, mainly in the Caucasus, Siberia and the Far East.
It is a good early spring honey plant. The bark and leaves are rich in tannins. Source: Rhododendron...
In Ukraine, in Polissya, a yellow rhododendron grows, another name for which is the Pontian azalea. For the first time it was discovered in the mountains of the Caucasus, where it often forms continuous thickets, sometimes it even occupies rocks that are poorly covered with earth. Then this plant was discovered in Asia Minor. Even scientists did not know for a long time that it grows in Polissya. The local population gave the name to this plant - rhododendron (if you want to check the correctness - try to walk through the thickets of rhododendron).
Azalea for sure!
Rhododendron (Rhododendron ponticum)
Department: Angiosperms
Class: Dicotyledons
Order: Heathers
Family: Heather
Genus: Rhododendron
Latin name
Rhododendron L.
Rhododendron (lat. Rhododendron) is a genus of plants of the heather family. There are more than 600 species of rhododendron, growing mainly in the temperate zone of the Northern Hemisphere. In Russia, under natural conditions, up to 18 species are found, mainly in the Caucasus, Siberia and the Far East.
Rhododendron is represented by shrubs or shrubs with evergreen or falling leaves for the winter. Leaves alternate, entire.
The flowers are bisexual, with a large, slightly irregular yellow, pink or purple-violet corolla, collected in corymbose inflorescences, less often solitary or two.
The fruit is a five-leaved multi-seeded box, opening from top to bottom.
Seeds are rod-shaped, from 0.5 to 2 mm in length.
Rhododendron grows both singly and in groups and thickets, more often in the undergrowth, it rises along the mountain slopes to the alpine belt of mountains. It also grows in marshes, swamps and in the tundra. Prefers lime-free, moist, but well-drained soils without stagnant moisture. Requires high humidity, slight shading by trees and shrubs.
Rhododendron grows slowly, especially in the early years. The root system is superficial, compact, of numerous fibrous roots. Propagated by seeds, cuttings, layering and division.
It is a good early spring honey plant. The bark and leaves are rich in tannins.
In the Russian Far East, 11 species and 2 forms of rhododendron grow:
Rhododendron golden (Rhododendron aureum Georgi)
Podelnikovy rhododendron (Rhododendron hypopitys Pojark.)
Short-fruited rhododendron (Rhododendron brachycarpum D. Don)
Small-leaved rhododendron (Rhododendron parvifolium Adam)
Rhododendron Adams (Rhododendron adamsii Rehd.)
Rhododendron spiky (Rhododendron mucronulatum Turcz.)
Daurian rhododendron (Rhododendron dauricum L.)
Sikhotinsky rhododendron (Rhododendron sichotense Pojark.)
Chonoski's rhododendron (Rhododendron tschonoskii Maxim.)
Schlippenbach's rhododendron (Rhododendron schlippenbachii Maxim.)
Rhododendron Kamchatka (Rhododendron camtschaticum Pall.)
Rhododendron Redovsky (Rhododendron redowskianum Maxim.)
Rhododendron Fori, pink (Rhododendron fauriei Franch.; Rhododendron brachycarpum Аuct.)
Genus rhododendrons (emphasis on the third syllable!) is great and varied. It includes evergreen, semi-evergreen and deciduous shrubs, shrubs, and sometimes trees. Translated from Greek rhododendron- "pink tree". But the rhododendron from the heather family has nothing to do with a rose from the rosaceae family. They are connected only by the beauty of flowering and a huge variety of species and varieties.
Before deciding to grow rhododendrons in your garden, you need to understand the nature of these plants. And it is not easy, because their homeland is the humid high-mountain regions of the predominantly northern hemisphere. They grow almost everywhere - from Greenland and Kamchatka to Java, from Alaska to Florida, from the Alps to the Caucasus and the Himalayas. The smallest of them, climbing to a height of up to 4000 meters above sea level, no more than 10 centimeters, however, they manage to endure forty-degree frosts. And the most powerful ones reach up to 10 meters in height. Their flowers, also collected in inflorescences, reach more than 20 centimeters in diameter.
It is clear that, like any highlanders, rhododendrons are proud and unchanging in their passions. And if you decide to plant them, then they will not adapt to you, but will decisively dictate their conditions.
With proper agricultural technology, rhododendrons are quite resistant to diseases and pests. Most often, problems begin in conditions unsuitable for normal development and if the rules of cultivation are not followed.
Plants suffer from severe waterlogging, unbalanced fertilizing, low soil acidity, winter physiological desiccation and sunburn. They can be damaged by fungal diseases (spots, rust) and chlorosis (acute lack of iron and manganese, which occurs when the soil is low in acidity and disappears with the right feeding regimen). By collecting and burning damaged foliage, sanitary pruning, and treating plants with suitable fungicides, many diseases can be resisted.
Rhododendrons are most often damaged by garden snails and slugs (collection and destruction helps), rhododendron bugs, spider mites, mealybugs, weevils, scale insects, rhododendron fly, against which insecticides help well.
Rhododendrons are propagated by seeds, cuttings (green and semi-lignified), layering, division of bushes and grafting.
Cut flowers of rhododendron remain fresh for a very long time, and one inflorescence, consisting of 20-30 flowers, is quite capable of replacing a bouquet.
In ancient Greece, the name "rhododendron" was called an oleander that had nothing to do with it. In the modern sense, this word was first used by the Italian physician and botanist Tsezalpino in 1583, and it referred to a single species - rusty rhododendron.
The first serious attempt at systematization was made in 1753 by Carl Linnaeus, who described three evergreen and six deciduous species. Moreover, he attributed evergreens to the genus of rhododendrons, and deciduous - to the genus azaleas. In the future, this division was revised many times, and today only those rhododendrons that are grown indoors - indoors, in greenhouses and winter gardens - are called azaleas.
More details about the cultivation of rhododendrons can be found in the books of M. Alexandrova "Rhododendrons" and I. Gorin "Journey to the Land of Rhododendrons".
Rhododendron dense (Rhododendron impeditum)
Evergreen shrub with a cushion-shaped crown. It blooms from mid-May to mid-June, often again in late summer - early autumn. Flowers 2.5 cm in diameter. Leaves up to 2 cm long, well preserved under snow. Grows very slowly.
Conditions of detention - the sun, takes out a light shade. Care - Regular watering is very useful. Snow serves as shelter from frost and sun; in winters with little snow, you can rake it onto a plant or cover it in advance with spruce branches. It is transplanted easily, like all rhododendrons, thanks to a compact root system. The optimal size of the planting hole, which is filled with the prepared mixture, is 40 x 40 x 40 cm, as for all small types of rhododendrons. Usage - for rock gardens, groups of bushes. Blooms profusely and regularly.
Rhododendron obtuse(Rhododendron obtusum)
Semi-evergreen bushy shrub. Blooms in the second half of May - early June. Flowers about 3 cm in diameter. The leaves are completely preserved under deep snow, in winters with little snow they partially dry out. Hybrid varieties are called "Japanese azaleas" for sale and even give them a Latin name. Azalea japonica, which is actually one of the synonyms Japanese rhododendron - a completely different kind. Varieties have the same compact habit, but a variety of colors. Winter hardiness varies: most resistant Ladycanense(light lilac), Maruschka and Melina(raspberry), Rosinetta and Babuschka(pink terry), Schneeperle(white), Satschiko(salmon), Sazava(purple). Conditions of detention - sun or light shade. Care - Water regularly. Usage - good for rock gardens. Usually blooms profusely, grows slowly.
Canadian rhododendron(Rhododendron canadense)
Deciduous shrub. Blossoms in early May, before the leaves bloom. Flowers up to 3 cm in diameter. Leaves up to 5 cm long, reddish-yellow in autumn. Conditions of detention - Grows in full sun and light shade. Wind protection required. Relatively drought-resistant and not very sensitive to temporary waterlogging. Like most rhododendrons, it needs acidic soil (pH 4.5-5.5), moisture-absorbing and breathable. Optimal composition: acidic high-moor peat, loamy garden soil, coniferous litter from under pines (spruces) 1:1:1. Care - does not need shelter. Resistant to spring bud scorch. Watering only in severe drought. Usage - planting in small groups, goes well with conifers.
Japanese rhododendron(Rhododendron japonicum)
Deciduous, strongly branched shrub. Blooms from mid (late) May to mid June. The flowers are 6-8 cm in diameter, the natural form is usually red, orange or yellow. Leaves up to 10 cm long, very bright in autumn, red, orange and yellow tones. In foreign catalogs, it is usually listed among garden (deciduous) azaleas. These also include hybrid varieties involving many oriental and American species. The most popular groups Knaphill, Exbury and Mollis. These are plants up to 1.5 m in height of various colors. Winter hardiness varies, but is usually good. Conditions of detention - sun, light shade. Care - you may need a pritenka from spring burning of the kidneys. This can be avoided by planting on the north side of buildings or trees. Usage - for groups of shrubs.
Rhododendron Schlippenbach(Rhododendron schlippenbachii)
Deciduous weakly branched shrub. Blooms from mid-May to early June. Flowers 6-8 cm in diameter. Leaves up to 10 cm long, orange-yellow in autumn. Conditions of detention
- sun or partial shade. Care
- pritenka from spring burning of the kidneys. Trouble with watering will reduce mulching with pine bark, which is laid in a continuous layer on black lutrasil or geotextiles. Other mulch options, acid peat and coniferous litter, are placed directly on the ground. Sawdust, manure, leaves are not used. Periodically, the soil is acidified with special means: colloidal sulfur, a solution of sulfuric acid. Fertilization with superphosphate, potassium sulfate, ammonium sulfate contributes to acidification. Usage
- Completely winter hardy. Suitable for planting in small groups. For cutting trees.
The place for planting rhododendrons should be protected from winds and direct sunlight, without stagnant water and with an acidic soil reaction.
These plants feel good near water bodies where the air is humidified. Therefore, they are planted near ponds and lakes, streams and pools. If there is no water nearby, evergreen rhododendrons are sprayed once a week before flowering. But it is undesirable to pour water over flowering plants, it is better to water the bushes more often.
Rhododendron ... Spelling Dictionary
- (Greek, from rhodon rose, and dendron tree). A rosaceous plant that has several species, some of which grow in Asia Minor, others in the Alpine and Altai mountains; we keep in rooms and greenhouses. Dictionary of foreign words included in ... ... Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language
- (Rhododendron), a genus of plants of the family. heather. Evergreen or deciduous shrubs, rarely trees. The flowers are large, often bright, in corymbose or umbellate inflorescences, rarely solitary. St. 600 (according to other sources, up to 1300) species, Ch. arr. in… … Biological encyclopedic dictionary
RHODODENDRON, a genus of shrubs or small trees (heather family). Over 600 species, mainly in the temperate zone of the Northern Hemisphere (mainly in the mountains of East Asia and North America), including 18 species in the Far ... ... Modern Encyclopedia
Genus of shrubs or small trees of the heather family. St. 600 species, mainly in the temperate zone of the Northern Hemisphere (mainly in the mountains of East Asia and North America), including the Far East, Siberia, and the Caucasus. Many types… Big Encyclopedic Dictionary
Rhododendrin, wild rosemary, azalea, azalea, maralnik Dictionary of Russian synonyms. rhododendron n., number of synonyms: 6 azalea (6) ... Synonym dictionary
- [de], rhododendron, husband. (from Greek rhodon rose and dendron tree) (bot.). A shrub plant from the heather family with dense leaves and beautiful flowers, growing in mountainous areas and bred as an ornamental plant. Dictionary … Explanatory Dictionary of Ushakov
- [de], ah, husband. Shrub or small tree. heather with dense leaves and large beautiful flowers, bred as an ornamental. | adj. rhododendrous, oh, oh. Explanatory dictionary of Ozhegov. S.I. Ozhegov, N.Yu. Shvedova. 1949 1992 ... Explanatory dictionary of Ozhegov
- (Rhododenron L.) generic name of plants from the heather family (Ericaceae). Up to 200 species are known growing on the mountains of Europe, America, Asia, mainly in the Himalayan mountains and the Malay Islands. These are small trees or shrubs, with annual ... ... Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron
rhododendron- and outdated rhododendron. Pronounced [rhododendron] ... Dictionary of pronunciation and stress difficulties in modern Russian
Books
- I Speak the Language of Flowers by Vanessa Dieffenbach. Victoria is eighteen, and she is afraid of touch and words, her own and others. She is afraid to love. The secret garden has become her refuge and home, where all fears evaporate. Only through flowers she ...
- The Language of Flowers, Vanessa Dieffenbach. The amazing novel by Vanessa Dieffenbach is an unforgettable story about a girl who speaks the language of flowers, which won the hearts of millions of readers around the world. Victoria is eighteen and she...
Literally, the name of this plant is translated as "pink tree". According to its external data and many varieties, it is in no way inferior to the queen of flowers. We are talking about a handsome man with an interesting name - rhododendron. What kind of flower is this, and what are the features of its cultivation? What types of it exist, and in what climatic conditions they can be grown - all this in our today's review.
Rhododendron flowers
Rhododendron: what kind of flower is it
Rhododendron belongs to the Heather family. External data may differ depending on the variety and type. Common features are large flowers collected in inflorescences or brushes. Rare specimens have small single flowers.
Leaves can differ not only in size, but also in shape, which is presented in a wide variety of variations. Flowers are bisexual. Inflorescences are in the form of brushes or umbrellas. The color has a very rich range. After flowering is completed, fruits are formed: five folded boxes in which the seeds are located.
In some species, a rhododendron flower (there is a photo in this article) can reach a diameter of twenty centimeters. Thanks to this amazing quality, each inflorescence looks like a separate bouquet and, after cutting, can retain its magnificent appearance for a long time.
The height of the rhododendron bush varies depending on the species from ten centimeters to ten meters. Their root system is very compact and close to the surface, so young plants develop rather slowly.
The plant looks great in landscape design Where is the rhododendron found?
What is a rhododendron is now clear, but where does it grow? The natural habitat for rhododendrons are humid highlands, as well as forests and swampy areas. The plant is most widespread in the northern hemisphere, namely:
- in Greenland;
- in Alaska;
- on the island of Java;
- in China;
- in Japan;
- in the Alps;
- in the Himalayas.
In the southern part, rhododendrons are also found, but the places of their natural growth are:
- New Guinea;
- Australia.
In our country, the most favorable climatic conditions for this plant are in the Far East, as well as in the highlands of the Caucasus.
Rhododendron in the highlands Chemical composition
The chemical composition of rhododendron is very interesting. It contains a huge amount of tannins. In addition, the plant is an excellent honey plant, some species have healing properties. However, with all these positive qualities, many rhododendrons are poisonous. They contain neurotoxins that can first excite the nervous system, and then gradually begin to depress it.
Rhododendron contains a lot of useful components:
- ericoline;
- manganese;
- aluminum;
- essential oil;
- hydroquinone;
- copper;
- barium;
- flavonoids;
- silver.
It will be just great if there is some kind of reservoir near the chosen landing site. Otherwise, you will have to spray until the very beginning of flowering.
An excellent neighbor for rhododendron is pine. She shelters him from direct sunlight, and her root system in no way interferes with the growth and development of the bush. But undesirable neighbors are: linden, alder, willow, maple and birch.
Rhododendron seedling Rhododendrons: planting and care in the open field
It is quite difficult to grow rhododendrons. Planting and caring for these plants in the open field requires a lot of effort and patience. To plant a shrub, the first step is to dig a hole about half a meter deep. The width will depend on the size of the root system of the seedling. Drainage must be laid at the bottom, since the roots are highly sensitive to excess moisture. They quickly rot, which leads to the death of the plant.
The soil should be chosen acidic, loose, with good breathability. In no case should wood ash or other components that have an alkaline reaction be added to the soil. Mineral fertilizers are selected without the content of chlorine and calcium in them.
Before planting, the soil seedling is abundantly moistened with a solution of a growth stimulator. These actions are carried out at least 10 hours before disembarkation. You can plant rhododendrons from spring to late autumn.
Young rhododendron in the open field Planting rhododendrons in the suburbs and caring for them
When planting, do not deepen the root neck too much. The final step is mulching. As a mulch, pine bark or needles are best suited. It is not worth loosening the soil in the future, since the roots of the shrub located close to the surface can be damaged.
You can grow rhododendrons in the suburbs. Planting and caring for them will not differ in any way from the one described above.
With proper care, the plant will delight with abundant flowering.
How to cover a rhododendron for the winter
Winter frosts and cold can kill the rhododendron. Leaving in the fall and preparing for the winter of this shrub is a very crucial moment. First of all, the roots are insulated. Peat or dry fallen leaves, which are laid in a layer of 15 centimeters, can serve as a protective layer.
What is the best way to cover a rhododendron for the winter? Arcs are installed above the shrub for the winter. Subsequently, covering material is stretched over them. As soon as the temperature drops significantly and reaches minus 10 degrees, a layer of a thick film spreads over this, and then it is fixed from above with more arcs. If possible, all this is covered with a layer of snow. Shelter of rhododendron for the winter in the Moscow region is carried out according to the same scheme, but taking into account the humidity of the climate and the variability of weather conditions. At any time, you need to be able to check the condition of the bush.
As a rule, winter shelters are made by all flower growers who grow rhododendrons on their site. Frost-resistant varieties (photos are presented in this article), of course, exist, but even they cannot withstand the harsh conditions of certain regions.
The process of sheltering a bush reproduction
Rhododendron can reproduce in several ways:
- cuttings;
- layering;
- seeds;
- division of the bush.
The seed method is practically not used, because it takes a very long time and requires a lot of labor and patience. Cuttings are carried out in early summer. It is necessary to cut the required number of cuttings, remove the lower leaves from them and leave them in a container with a solution of a root growth stimulator for a day. After that, the branches are planted in the prepared substrate and covered with glass jars. Place seedlings in a bright room with a temperature of at least 25 degrees. Three months later, young plants form a root system, and by spring they will be ready for planting in open ground.
sprigs of rhododendron Disease and pest control
Rhododendron, with proper care, is little exposed to diseases. But in case of violation of the recommended growth conditions, the plant may develop rust, spotting, as well as chlorosis. In this case, the affected parts of the shrub are removed, and it is treated with a fungicide solution.
Garden snails, slugs, which often annoy the rhododendron, must be regularly collected and destroyed. But when pests such as spider mites, weevil or scale insects appear, insecticide treatment will be required.
An example of rhododendron disease Pruning and feeding
When watering rhododendron with ordinary water, it is recommended to acidify it. They do this so that over time the shrub does not lose its decorative effect. Citric acid or table vinegar is used as an acidifier.
Shrub dressing is carried out extremely rarely. Complex fertilizer is applied in early spring, and then after flowering is completed. Also in the spring, you can add rotted manure to the top layer of soil.
Pruning scheme for a rhododendron bush To maintain decorativeness and form a dense beautiful crown in the fall, the rhododendron is pruned. Extra shoots are removed altogether, and the remaining length is reduced by a third. This technique contributes to lush flowering in the next season. But in the spring pruning is highly undesirable.
Thanks
The site provides reference information for informational purposes only. Diagnosis and treatment of diseases should be carried out under the supervision of a specialist. All drugs have contraindications. Expert advice is required!
Rhododendron- This is a genus of plants of the Heather family, numbering at least 800 species of artisanal and tree-like plants, distributed mainly in the Northern Hemisphere, from the tundra to the tropical zone. More than 20 species of rhododendron grow on the territory of the Russian Federation, most of them in Siberia and the Far East.Translated from the Latin Rhododendron means "tree of roses". This name was given to the plant by the British botanist Joseph Hooker.
Rhododendron is popular in oriental medicine, in particular in the medicine of the peoples of Tibet. In folk medicine, this plant is used as an antifungal, anti-inflammatory, tonic, diuretic and bactericidal agent. In addition, the healing properties of rhododendron in cardiovascular diseases are widely known.
Not all types of rhododendron have medicinal properties. Most often, four species are used as medicinal plants, the properties of which will be described below. It:
- Rhododendron golden;
- Caucasian rhododendron;
- Sagan-dayla (Adams' rhododendron);
- Dahurian rhododendron.
Rhododendron in spring - photo
golden rhododendron
Dahurian rhododendron
Caucasian rhododendron
Rhododendron Adams
golden rhododendron
Latin: Rhododendron aureumplant description
Rhododendron golden is an evergreen shrub reaching a height of 0.8 m. The trunk and branches are covered with dark brown bark. The branches hang low over the soil, strongly curved.The leaves of the shrub are dense, leathery, short-petiolate, alternate, entire, oval or ovoid. Each leaf reaches a length of 35 - 70 mm, a width of 10 - 25 mm.
The flowers are quite large, yellow, collected in 5-10 pieces in umbrellas at the ends of the branches.
The fruit is a five-celled elongated box, inside which many small seeds are formed.
Golden rhododendron grows in Western, Eastern Siberia and the Far East.
It grows on the slopes of mountains, in stony placers, in alpine tundra, at the edge of the forest.
Beneficial features
In folk, traditional medicine and homeopathy, the leaves, flowers and stems of the plant are used.All medicinal types of rhododendrons have approximately the same properties. However, each type has certain advantages. In particular, golden rhododendron and preparations based on it effectively help with heart failure, general or local circulatory disorders, and increased venous pressure. Golden rhododendron has a diuretic effect, stimulates blood circulation, removes excess fluid from the body, relieves shortness of breath, and stabilizes the function of the heart muscle. In addition, this type of rhododendron has pronounced antibacterial properties, and effectively fights such common pathogenic bacteria as Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, as well as a wide range of intestinal microorganisms. It has also been found that golden rhododendron is effective in the treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases of the oral cavity and throat (stomatitis, gingivitis, tonsillitis).
Dahurian rhododendron (ledum)
Latin: Rhododendron dauricumplant description
Dahurian rhododendron is a perennial (more than 50 years) evergreen or deciduous shrub belonging to the genus Rhododendron, the Heather family. Reaches a height of 2 m.The species got its name from Dauria - a land in the Far East inhabited by the Daur people. In Russia, it has long been called Ledum, although the official name Ledum is another plant of the heather genus.
The shrub of the Dahurian rhododendron strongly branches, the branches are directed upwards. The number of branches reaches 20-40 pieces.
The leaves are elongated, oval, small in size (2-4 cm long, up to 1 cm wide), the edges are bent. The front side of the leaf is smooth, dark green, the back is covered with scales, has a brownish tint. The leaves on the shrub appear towards the end of the flowering period.
The flowering period of the Daurian rhododendron falls in the middle of spring, and lasts about two weeks.
At the ends of the shoots from 1-3 buds, large funnel-shaped flowers appear with pink, pink-lilac or white petals. The size of the flower in diameter is no more than 4 cm. Rhododendron flowers have a strong intoxicating aroma.
The fruit is an elongated oval capsule with numerous seeds. Ripens in late summer - early autumn (August - September).
It grows naturally in Eastern Siberia, the Far East, in the northeastern regions of China, as well as in Mongolia and the Korean Peninsula.
It occurs wild in coniferous and oak forests. It grows mainly on rocky soil and on mountain slopes.
Beneficial features
Daurian rhododendron has the same positive properties as other medicinal types of rhododendron. However, there are a number of positive properties due to which it stands out from the general series:- Daurian rhododendron has a positive effect on the work of the heart. It has a calming effect on the heart muscle, relieves heart palpitations.
- Eliminates shortness of breath.
- Enhances cardiac activity.
- Removing excess fluid from the body, rhododendron eliminates edema.
- In hypertensive patients, Dahurian rhododendron preparations effectively reduce pressure.
Rhododendron Adams (Sagan-Dali, Sagan-Daila)
Latin: Rhododendron adamsiiplant description
Dali sagaan (sagan-dali, sagan-dayla, Adams' rhododendron) is an evergreen shrub of the genus Rhododendron. An ancient legend says that the warriors who won the battle stuck their spears into the soil of the Sayan Mountains to fill it with strength. Later, grass appeared on the slopes of the Sayans, which gave people energy and health.The shrub reaches a height of 50 cm. The branches are splayed in different directions.
The leaves are elongated, oval in shape, 1-2 cm long, 5-10 mm wide, hard, naked on the front side, dark green, yellowish on the back, covered with scales.
The flowers are pink or light pink, up to 15 mm in diameter, form large corymbose inflorescences of 7-15 flowers.
The fruit is a five-leaved box in which many seeds are formed. Ripens by mid-autumn.
The flowering period is from June to August.
The plant is listed in the Red Book of the Republic of Buryatia.
Rhododendron Adams is found in the mountains of Eastern Siberia, in the Far East, on Sakhalin Island, and also in the northeast of Tibet.
Prefers moist rocky soils. Demanding on air humidity.
The plant has a pleasant aroma.
Beneficial features
The culture of using sagan-daily dates back thousands of years. Traditionally, it is consumed in the form of tea.Rhododendron Adams is a powerful stimulant.
In Tibet, Adams' rhododendron bears the name "herb that prolongs life." And, apparently, not in vain - the grass increases the energy tone, fills a person with strength. Sagan-dailya increases efficiency and endurance, as well as potency in men. Also, this wonderful herb increases mental performance, improves concentration and even improves mood. In addition, it affects sleep - a person gets enough sleep in a shorter time.
In addition to the above, Rhododendron Adams has a number of healing properties:
- normalizes metabolic processes in the body;
- strengthens the immune system;
- suppresses pathogenic microflora in the gastrointestinal tract;
- increases the body's resistance to pain, stress and climate change;
- regulates the function of the heart, strengthens blood vessels, reduces their permeability;
- reduces irritability and fatigue;
- relieves headache;
- stabilizes pressure;
- cleanses the respiratory tract and kidneys, promotes the dissolution of kidney stones;
- cures a hangover.
With regular use, sagan daily has a rejuvenating effect and prevents early aging of the body.
To prepare traditional tea from sagan-daily, 3-5 leaves and stems of the plant are put in 200 ml of boiling water.
special instructions
When using Adams rhododendron, care should be taken to avoid overdose, the symptoms of which are headache and hypertension. In general, sagan-dali is a powerful energy stimulator, and requires a competent approach. With its daily use after a month, you should take a break for 2-4 weeks, since the continuous use of the plant can cause addiction and destabilize the immune system.Caucasian rhododendron (alpine rose)
Latin: Rhododendron caucasicumplant description
Caucasian rhododendron is an evergreen shrub of the genus Rhododendron.It grows up to one and a half meters in height. The stem is covered with dark brown bark.
The leaves are elongated-elliptical, covered with short yellow villi on the back.
The flowers form umbrellas. The petals are white, light cream and light pink.
The fruit is an oblong capsule with many seeds.
In the wild, it is found only in the Caucasus (Greater and Lesser Caucasus), as well as in the adjacent regions of Turkey.
Beneficial features
Caucasian rhododendron has established itself as a valuable medicinal plant in the treatment of diseases of the heart and blood vessels. It also shows positive properties in rheumatic diseases. In general, the Caucasian rhododendron exhibits the same medicinal properties as other medicinal types of rhododendrons.Azalea
Azalea is the collective name for some species of rhododendron that have beautiful flowers. The Latin word Azalea, which refers to a plant, translates as "dry". Most types of azaleas are thin and bony, especially after the leaves have fallen, which confirms their name. Recently, the name "azalea" means rhododendrons grown indoors - at room conditions, in greenhouses, etc.
Collection and storage of rhododendron leaves
The main medicinal raw material of rhododendron is its leaves. Rhododendron leaves, harvested for medicinal purposes, can be collected in June, July and August. However, the flowering period is considered the best time to collect them. Collection is done manually. Dry the leaves in the shade, with good ventilation, stirring occasionally.The leaves of the shrub of the 2nd and 3rd year of life have the greatest benefit, since at this time they are rich in substances that cause the healing effect of the plant.
Compound
Medicinal properties of rhododendrons are determined by their chemical composition. The following are the main beneficial substances that make up the leaves and flowers of golden rhododendron, Caucasian rhododendron, Daurian rhododendron, etc.:- Rhododendrin;
- Rutin;
- Arbutin;
- Andromedotoxin;
- Tannins (including gallic acid);
- Vitamin C;
- Fructose;
- Essential oils;
- Phytoncides, etc.
Vitamin C
- Neutralizes free radicals;
- regulates redox reactions in the body;
- participates in sugar metabolism;
- participates in the process of hemocoagulation;
- stimulates tissue regeneration;
- increases immunity;
- strengthens blood vessels, reduces their permeability, etc.
Rutin
Rutin, contained in the leaves of rhododendron, is one of the flavonoids belonging to the vitamin P group. It has a number of special properties:- reduces the permeability of blood vessels;
- stimulates the absorption of ascorbic acid, enhances its effect;
- increases the resistance of the immune system to infectious agents;
- has an anti-inflammatory effect;
- lowers blood pressure;
- exhibits diuretic properties;
- stimulates the adrenal cortex;
- reduces the severity of a number of pathological symptoms of allergy, incl. asthmatic diseases;
- reduces the level of "bad cholesterol" in the blood;
- prevents bleeding.
Fructose
Rhododendron petals contain a valuable carbohydrate - fructose. Fructose has a number of valuable properties for the body:- Has a tonic effect. Quickly replenishes glycogen (reserve carbohydrate) in the liver, and thus contributes to the most rapid recovery of the body, increases its performance, both physical and mental.
- The use of fructose helps to strengthen the immune system.
- Adding fructose to a child's diet significantly reduces the likelihood of developing caries and diathesis.
- Compared to glucose, the hormone insulin is needed in a much smaller volume for the absorption of fructose. Therefore, this carbohydrate is usually included in the diet of diabetics.
- In addition, scientists have proven that fructose accelerates the breakdown of ethanol in the blood, and also helps cleanse the liver of a number of other toxins.
Arbutin (Ericolin, Arbutoside)
Arbutin is an organic compound, a phenol glycoside. Shows antiseptic properties. Due to the antiseptic properties of arbutin, rhododendron, like other plants containing this substance, is used in the treatment of bladder diseases. This is because approximately 3/4 of the arbutin that enters the digestive tract is excreted through the kidneys and urinary tract.Arbutin has the ability to inhibit the formation of melanin in the skin. Therefore, it is included in some cosmetic products for skin lightening.
There are conflicting opinions among scientists regarding the effect of arbutin on the likelihood of developing cancer. According to some reports, arbutin increases the risk of developing tumor pathologies. At the same time, some scientists are of the opinion that this glycoside, on the contrary, reduces the likelihood of developing oncology. However, to date, there are no research results that reliably prove the carcinogenic properties of arbutin preparations.
Andromedotoxin
Andromedotoxin is a toxic organic compound found in rhododendrons, and is characterized by a selective effect on nerve cells. This substance has an intoxicating and paralyzing effect, disrupting the function of cell receptors. In addition, this glycoside provokes inflammation of the mucous membranes of the body. The action of andromedotoxin on nerve cells consists of two successive phases: first, it excites the brain and the central nervous system as a whole, and then depresses their functions. Andromedotoxin is a powerful toxin, its overdose is fatal. Therefore, rhododendron cannot be used uncontrollably, it should be strictly dosed, especially when taken orally.Andromedotoxin is found not only in the leaves, but also in the flowers and in the nectar of the plant. Therefore, rhododendron honey should be used with caution so as not to cause poisoning.
essential oil of rhododendron
Rhododendrons contain a number of common components in the composition of essential oils. Among them: a-pinene, camphene, p-pinene, p-myrcene, p-cymene, limonene, bornylacetate, a-copaene, caryophyllene, humulene, y-murolene, a-murolene, y-cadinene, 5-cadinene.The essential oil of rhododendron has found application in medicine due to its bactericidal properties. In particular, it effectively destroys the bacteria of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis group and thus helps in the cure of tuberculosis.
The essential oil of rhododendron is widely used in the manufacture of perfumes. It is also known to reduce skin irritation when added to shaving lotion.
Rhododendrin
Rhododendrin is a glycoside found in rhododendron leaves. In terms of its effect on the human body, it is similar to cardiac glycosides. It has a cardiotonic and antiarrhythmic effect. Thanks to this substance, preparations based on rhododendron leaves are used in the treatment of heart failure, arrhythmia and other cardiovascular diseases.Gallic acid
Gallic acid is an organic acid that neutralizes free radicals in the body, thus slowing down the aging of the body and reducing the risk of developing cancer.Properties of rhododendron
- Tonic;
- General strengthening;
- bactericidal;
- Antipyretic;
- diaphoretic;
- Detoxification;
- Painkiller;
- diaphoretic;
- sedative, etc.
What diseases does rhododendron treat?
Rhododendron preparations, when used correctly, help to cure or improve the condition of the following diseases:- cardiovascular insufficiency;
- dyspnea;
- tachycardia;
- edema;
- increased venous pressure;
- vegetative-vascular dystonia;
- fever;
- headache;
- insomnia;
- irritability;
- diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (diarrhea);
- rheumatism;
- radiculitis;
- polyarthritis;
- neuralgic pains;
- wounds, ulcers;
- boils, carbuncles;
- dermatitis;
- chronic colitis;
- stomatitis, gingivitis, tonsillitis;
- infections (staphylococcus, streptococcus, intestinal infections).
Treatment with rhododendron
Rhododendron leaves
The leaves of rhododendron are the main medicinal raw material of the plant, and the range of their use covers all diseases and conditions for which rhododendron preparations are recommended. In folk medicine, rhododendron leaves are considered an effective remedy for diseases of the heart and blood vessels, as well as for rheumatism, chronic colitis, colds, vegetative-vascular dystonia, epilepsy and other diseases.Rhododendron flowers
In folk medicine, rhododendron flowers are considered an effective remedy for tachycardia, venous congestion, edema, and high blood pressure.Petals of Dahurian rhododendron flowers can be eaten. They have a sweet taste and pleasant aroma. Usually they are added to salads, or make jam.
Rhododendron in folk medicine
On the basis of flowers, leaves and stems of rhododendron, various preparations are prepared that are effective for a variety of diseases. Infusion of golden rhododendron
Infusion of golden rhododendron leaves is used for the following pathologies:- fever;
- epileptic seizures;
- migraine;
- insomnia;
- irritability, nervousness;
- diseases of the digestive tract (including diarrhea);
- rheumatism, arthritis.
Infusion of golden rhododendron exhibits antibacterial properties, effectively fighting pathogenic intestinal microflora (E. coli, shigella, salmonella). In addition, the agent exhibits bactericidal properties against streptococcus, staphylococcus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Recipe:
Brew one teaspoon of dry crushed leaves of the plant in 200 ml of boiling water, and insist in a thermos for no more than two hours. Then strain and drink 1 tablespoon 2-3 times a day. According to some recommendations, the infusion should be drunk warm.
Decoction of golden rhododendron leaves (ingestion, compresses, baths)
The famous botanist Johann Gmelin claimed that a decoction of golden rhododendron leaves relieves fatigue and muscle pain during long journeys.Recipe:
Pour 0.5 g of dry crushed leaves of the plant with a glass of boiling water in an enamel bowl, then put on low heat, cover and cook for 10-15 minutes. After that, insist the broth under the lid for at least 10 minutes, and strain. The drug is taken orally 1 tablespoon 2-3 times a day. Also, this decoction is widely used as an external agent.
Outwardly, decoction of the plant is washed with infected wounds, ulcers. Also, the decoction is effective as a rinse for infectious and inflammatory diseases of the mouth and throat (stomatitis, tonsillitis, etc.).
Both infusion and decoction of the plant are used in the form of compresses and lotions for a number of skin pathologies - furunculosis, dermatitis and carbuncles.
Golden rhododendron tincture
Recipe:Fill a fifth of the volume of a glass jar with dry crushed leaves of the plant, and fill it to the top with 40% vodka. Insist in a dark place for 15 days. Take 10-15 drops, dissolving the tincture in water (100-150 ml).
In persons suffering from insufficiency of the heart and blood vessels, tincture of golden rhododendron stimulates blood flow and normalizes the function of the heart muscle.
Externally, the infusion is used in the form of foot baths. Such baths, especially in combination with infusion inside, help with heart diseases (heart failure, heart palpitations, bradycardia, etc.).
Infusion of the leaves of the Caucasian rhododendron
Dry crushed leaves of Caucasian rhododendron in the amount of 2 g pour a glass of boiling water and leave for a quarter of an hour, then filter. Drink three times a day for 1 tsp.Taking this infusion helps to normalize sleep, relieves irritability, migraines, convulsions, PMS symptoms.
Tincture of leaves and flowers of Caucasian rhododendron
Finely chop the leaves and flowers of rhododendron in the amount of 20 grams, pour a glass of 40% vodka, insist in a place protected from light for two weeks, then filter. Tincture is consumed 2-3 times a day, 20-25 drops, dissolving in 100-150 ml of water.This tincture helps with shortness of breath, tachycardia, venous congestion, edema, high blood pressure.
Infusion of Daurian rhododendron leaves
Brew one teaspoon of dry crushed leaves of Daurian rhododendron in 250 ml of boiling water, let it brew. Drink 3-4 times a day for a teaspoon.This infusion is recommended for intoxication, inflammation of the mucous membrane, migraines. The remedy helps to remove excess fluid from the body, relieves swelling, eliminates shortness of breath, and evens out the heart rhythm.
Infusion of Rhododendron Adams (Sagan-daily) leaves
Brew one teaspoon of dry crushed leaves of sagan-daily grass in a liter of boiling water, leave for 30-40 minutes, then filter. Use an infusion of 200 ml per day before meals, divided into three doses.This infusion has a good sedative effect.
Infusion of leaves and flowers of Rhododendron Adams
Boil 2 g of dry chopped sagan-daily grass in a thermos with 250 ml of boiling water, insist for two hours, then strain through cheesecloth. Infusion drink 1 tbsp. 2 - 3 times a day.Juice from Dahurian rhododendron petals
The juice from the petals of Daurian rhododendron is mixed with cow's cream, and is used in the treatment of stomach and duodenal ulcers, as well as for the healing of ulcers with thrombophlebitis and non-healing wounds.Caucasian rhododendron: useful properties and scope; making tea from Caucasian rhododendron - video
Rhododendron (azalea) honey
People love rhododendrons for their beautiful flowers. However, many are afraid to try rhododendron honey, explaining this by rumors about its toxicity. And it's true, honey of certain varieties of rhododendron can be poisoned. However, not every rhododendron honey is toxic. The Greek historian Xenophon, back in the fourth century BC, described the effect of such honey on Greek soldiers - after eating azalea honey in the evening, in the morning all the soldiers had clear signs of poisoning. Later, the Roman encyclopedist Pliny, having studied the notes of Xenophon, came to the conclusion that we are talking about honey collected from flowers yellow rhododendron
and pontic rhododendron
.Honey poisoning of Pontic rhododendron and yellow rhododendron is manifested by the following symptoms:
- Headache;
- Darkening in the eyes;
- Fainting states.
Andromedotoxin, which causes poisoning and hallucinations, is found in honey only from the Black Sea species of rhododendron. Therefore, if you decide to try rhododendron honey, you should definitely find out where it was collected. The vast majority of cases of poisoning with rhododendron honey are associated with a product brought from Turkey.
Rhododendron honey can be identified by taste, smell and color. The taste of rhododendron honey is moderately sweet and slightly tart, and the color is almost beige, with a slight yellowish tint.
Rhododendron honey has most of the healing properties that honey of other flowers has. For example, Caucasian rhododendron honey helps to cure
