Any of the three primary colors - red, yellow and blue - can have warm, neutral or cool undertones. The names of all of them are unlikely to be useful in life, unless you are an artist. But knowing the main ones will definitely help in choosing clothes and creating an image.
Cool colors and shades
Cold shades of colors always have a noticeable proportion of blue or gray in their composition. They go to the girls of the "summer" and "winter" color types. At the same time, it is better for "summer" girls to choose smoky, pastel, muted shades, and for "winter" girls - bright colors and shades of the cold spectrum.
The coolest color is turquoise. Regardless of the shade, it cannot be warm.
Cold shades of red - scarlet, alizarin, magenta; yellow - lemon; green - turquoise; blue - azure; violet - indigo; brown - taupe; gray - the color of wet asphalt; pink - ultra-pink, ash pink.
Warm colors
As part of warm shades there is a yellow or red tone. For red, a warm shade will be carrot, tangerine; for yellow - honey, saffron; green - light green; blue - heavenly; purple - orchid, lilac; brown - sand; gray - quartz; pink - pomegranate, mauve, salmon.
Warm shades of colors are suitable for color types "" and "". The beauty of "spring" will be emphasized by light and soft shades, and for "autumn" girls, bright, saturated shades will be the best choice.
The warmest color in the spectrum is orange. He is never cold.
It is best to combine colors and shades from the same temperature range. Mixing warm and cold shades in one image eliminates the advantages of each of them, introducing imbalance and sloppiness.
This summer, stylists offer to diversify monochrome bows, choosing clothes and accessories not in tone on tone, but in different shades of the same color. Such images look very stylish and elegant at the same time.
Another relevant way of mixing shades is contrast. To do this, one or two color spots of a contrasting color are added to the main shade. To determine the brightest and purest contrast, you should use the color wheel. Just draw a straight line from your chosen shade through the center. The color that the line on the second side of the circle will fall on will be the opposite of the selected one.
The right combination of shades of color is a real art, which, however, can be learned.
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Understanding the basic laws of color is necessary not only for artists. Colors and their combinations are an invariable attribute of the surrounding space. At the same time, they are also a tool with which it is easy to transform a room, fill it with a new atmosphere, form a different image of yourself, influence the mood and even the physiological reactions of other people. However, to do it skillfully, you need to understand how everything works, that is, to know the laws of color. Today, the focus of our attention is on cold colors: their differences and properties, associations associated with them, as well as areas of application.
A bit of theory
For the convenience of artists, there are several schemes that allow you to select the optimal color combinations. The most common of these is the circle (Itten, Oswald or Newton - there are several options). Such a scheme can be divided in half. The part of the circle that includes blue, green and purple are cool colors. Red, yellow, orange, respectively, are considered warm. At the same time, green often refers to initially neutral. Its "temperature" depends on which of the main colors prevails in it: blue or yellow. Remembering this division is quite simple. Red and yellow are always associated with the sun and warmth. Blue and blue are constant companions of winter.
Not so simple
However, such a division is rather a convention. It concerns primarily pure colors. If we consider the shades of each of them, the differences in their "temperature" in comparison with each other and the pure color are striking. Not every red is warm and not every blue is able to cool in the heat.
In practice, it turns out that it is easiest to determine the temperature of one color in comparison with another. If we consider all the variety of shades, then the most "hot" is generally considered pure orange. At the cold pole, blue is complementary to it. The direction in which a particular color gravitates can be determined by its undertone (sometimes a bright, but more often a barely perceptible trace, similar to subtle notes in a complex perfume aroma, barely audible, but unrecognizably changing the whole gamut). If the presence of orange is felt in the shade, it is warm. The blue undertone moves any color towards the cold pole.
Examples
Orange in any variant is considered warm. Cold shades of flowers are lemon, wine, straw, mint. In each of them you can notice the presence of blue. Honey, olive, cornflower blue and brick, on the contrary, contain an admixture of orange, that is, they are warm colors.
Of course, this division is somewhat arbitrary. The definition of "temperature" remains largely subjective. And as already mentioned, it is easier to calculate the "degree" of a hue if you compare it with another.
cold colors
Warming and cooling shades affect a person in different ways. The blue-green part of the spectrum, which is still defined as colder than the red-yellow, contributes to the emergence of a calm or somewhat melancholy state, bordering on depression in extreme cases. Interiors made in a marine style with a predominant use of blue and white are good for focused work and do not tolerate fuss.
In design and painting, another property is often used: cold colors and shades visually distance objects or details of a drawing. That is why a room painted in ice blue or lemon (a cold shade of yellow) will seem more spacious. In such a room it is good in hot weather: it brings coolness with all its appearance.
Interestingly, the sensation of rising and falling temperatures is not only speculative. It is based on changes in the body. It is much easier to freeze in a blue room, and a yellow-orange room helps to warm up. This relationship has been confirmed by several experimental studies.
clothing
The choice of wardrobe elements and the ability to combine them is a whole art, and color plays an important role in it. Properly selected shades can emphasize all the advantages of appearance, make the image more interesting and attractive. The foundations of this art are reflected in the theory of color types. It highlights four options for appearance: "Summer", "Autumn", "Winter" and "Spring". Each of them has its own shades. Cool colors are ideal for "Summer" and "Winter". Moreover, it is better for representatives of the first type to use muted shades, and for the second - pure ones.
It should be noted that color types in their pure form are practically not found. The choice of suitable shades is therefore quite difficult to standardize. The key to the right combination is taste, trust in intuition, experience or advice from image specialists.
Transfiguration
Dark and light cold colors, of course, are used not only in fashion design. Fickle fashion from time to time begins to favor the "cool" part of the spectrum. However, do not mindlessly follow new trends. The choice of makeup color palette should also be based on the features of your own appearance, and not on the prescriptions of fashion magazines. Not everything that is trending is useful.
For example, cool hair color, which remains popular, suits girls with the corresponding type of appearance. The warm gamma characteristic of "Autumn" and "Spring" is unlikely to win if it is supplemented in this way. Blond, cold blond, ash and blue-black are good for "Summer" or "Winter".
Cold hair color or skin tone are ambiguous concepts. Understanding the “temperature” of appearance or colors can be difficult. However, it is still worth considering these points both in design and when creating a new image. All comes with experience. In addition, coloring is a very exciting discipline, and today there is a huge amount of material for developing the ability to distinguish between the "temperature" of color and make harmonious combinations.
You need to know that there is no clear definition of whether a given color is cold or warm. This is a subjective assessment of the beholder. Therefore, the same color can be assessed by some people as cold, and by others as warm. Fortunately, in most cases, people see colors in the same way, which allows us to agree on their warmth.
Warm colors are those containing some red. This is due to evolution, because. For centuries, the red color of a fire has been associated with warmth. Warm colors evoke a sense of intimacy and optimism in a person. Pure red can also cause aggression due to its association with a strong stimulus, which is the sight of blood.
In its turn, blue dominates in cold colors. This, of course, is associated with the coldness of water or ice.
Pure yellow is also usually thought of as warm, but adding a bit of blue is enough to make us think of it as a cool color.
Warm and cold tones in makeup
We notice every day that each of us has a different color scheme. The color of the skin, eyes, hair is unique and each person creates an exceptional, one-of-a-kind mixture of these colors.
Our skin, hair and eyes can also take on warm or cool tones. It would be nice to know your own color shade in order to choose the right colors for clothes, makeup, etc.
In well-chosen shades, our skin will look fresh and radiant, while poorly chosen ones will make the skin pale, stale and old.
The rule is that we look good in colors that are in harmony with our color type. That is, for example, if our skin, hair, eyes take on a cold shade, then we will look very good in cold shades. They emphasize beauty and create harmony with it.
If a woman with a cold color type is dressed, for example, in orange clothes, she will look pale, we will emphasize her shadows under her eyes, her mouth will seem slightly purple.
And if a person with a warm color type is dressed in cold colors, for example, blue, his skin will give out more yellowness, seem unhealthy and stale.
Example
Look at the photo. We see on him a blonde with a cold color type, with a well-chosen, very expressive make-up. Everything here is perfect: hair color, skin and eyes have a cold, almost bluish tint. Makeup repeats this color scheme:
And now let's change one element of her makeup: let's make her lip color warmer. They turned orange-brown. We immediately see that we don’t like something in this photo, as if these lips are from another song.
All right, let's take pity on the model and fix the rest of the makeup. Let's add yellow shades that will make the eye makeup warmer, as well as apricot color on the cheeks:
Better? Well, a little, but not quite yet. This is because the model represents the cold type of beauty, and her makeup is in warm colors.
With the help of Photoshop, this can be easily corrected, so we will add warm shades to the color of her hair and skin and as a result we get the final effect.
This makeup is in harmony with the beauty type of the model, all in warm colors.
How to determine your color type?
It's not easy, but if you do, you'll have a very easy shopping guide and a great chance of making a good choice every time.
To do this, you need to spend a minute of your time, take a large mirror, multi-colored fabric (shawls, clothes, shawls, large sheets of paper, etc.). The help of a friend is greatly appreciated! It is also important to choose the right light. Daylight is best, but not direct sunlight. Artificial light is not suitable, because. it's too yellow. The background is also important - it should be as neutral as possible, preferably gray. Intense background color will interfere with the correct perception of colors.
The technique is based on applying different colors to the face and checking which ones will look better and which ones will look worse. As a rule, two shades will be enough for us, for example, orange and blue, but it would be nice to test whether we would be better in light or dark colors.
The test should be performed without makeup and without sunburn. If your hair is dyed, shade it with a neutral color, such as a gray scarf. When you choose the colors that you look best in, take a closer look at them: do warm or cold tones predominate?
There are also people who have a mixed color type and they will be fine in all shades.
If you don't have the time or desire to use the above technique, there's an easier way: take a closer look at your closet. What color is your favorite clothes? What color is the one you bought but rather reluctant to wear? This will give you a good clue as to your skin tone.
Now that you already know what color type you are, you can choose the right cosmetics, hair dye, clothes, and even the color of the room if you want to look good in it.
Remember that a warm color against a cold background (or vice versa) is very contrasting, so you can use this if you want to draw attention to yourself. You can, for example, pick up an orange belt for a gray dress, if, of course, you are happy with your waist.
However, in makeup, the use of contrasting colors should be carefully considered and to be sure, look in the mirror several times. It is safer to emphasize your advantages with a more intense color or gloss than with a contrasting paint..
Remember also about decorations! This is a very common mistake. Yellow gold, amber have very warm shades. A woman with a cold undertone in yellow accessories looks very pale. Choose, rather, silver or white gold.
You should know that our skin changes color when tanned. The vast majority of tanned people look good in warm colors. And here cold color types have an advantage, because. usually look good in both cold and warm colors. Therefore, even if you have a cold type, you can wear a yellow dress on vacation.
See also a useful video tutorial on how to determine your color type:
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Earlier, long before the creation of this site, after completing express courses for makeup artists, I helped those who wished to determine the color type and choose makeup. Faced with the fact that a good half of the girls do not distinguish between the warmth of shades, color nuances. They don't feel colors. This, of course, surprised me, so I decided to create a simple plate at my leisure to clarify the subtleties of the color palette a little.
Here is a general plate, I determined the colors in it rather conditionally. On top I placed a ruler from white to black for comparison.
In short, all shades containing nuances of yellow, golden hues are warm.
All shades containing blue (cyan) and silver nuances are cold.
To determine the warmth of a hue, you need to compare it with white. It usually becomes visible. My pictures are on a white background, so you can see everything perfectly.
I especially want to note the fact that any color of the chromatic circle (in my case, a square) can be represented either in a cold or in a warm shade. For example, despite the fact that yellow is the first indicator of warmth, it can also be cold.
For example, yellow-lemon.
The reverse situation is the same - blue or blue, with a drop of yellow added to it, until it turns into green, may seem warm.
In the diagram below, we can see an example of how green and red shades can be stretched into a ribbon from cold to warm.
Now about the main thing. How to determine which color type you belong to?
I thought for a long time whether another article on color types was needed, there are a million of them, but I realized that everything that is on the Internet is a hundred-year-old idea of typing transcribed from some ancient Talmuds, so I wrote my vision.
Sit by the window in daylight (not at sunset or in bright sunshine, cloudy weather is ideal, day) with a mirror, a sheet of white paper and fabric (paper) in four shades, which are indicated in the center of the following scheme - soft pink, fuchsia, peach and orange. Surely, these shades should be found at home.
First, we apply white paper (or cloth) to the face and carefully compare. What does leather look like on paper? Is it icteric and contrasts with the sheet, or is it bluish on the contrary and the paper emphasizes this even more? Take a close look at the hair, especially if it is not dyed. Do they have a golden sheen or is the pigment based on ash? Look at the eyes. Warm or cold tone prevails in them?
One of the colors should suit you. This means that the skin will appear fresher, nasolabial folds and wrinkles will be less noticeable, the look will become brighter and fresher. We compare all four options. You will definitely notice which of the four shades adorns you. Based on this, you can draw the first conclusions about your type of appearance.
If it is still difficult to decide, use the large blocks in the diagram. Along the edges, I made, in my opinion, the most "iconic" shades of types. Check them out, which group suits you best? (do not like or pleasing to the eye, and which makes your appearance more advantageous)
For reference: pure white does not go in spring, white and black in autumn, warm yellow and orange usually do not go in winter, deep warm shades do not go in summer - brown, brick, green, orange.
Our appearance is very diverse, there are a lot of color types, it is impossible to drive them into the framework of four types, there are many more of them, there are many transitional options. Nevertheless, the main thing can be determined, further delve into the topic.
It is worth noting that in any case, with the help of the modern beauty industry, the color type can be changed, especially in depth (from winter to summer and vice versa, or from autumn to spring and vice versa). Transitional girls can also jump from type to type, changing the warmth of their appearance. Also, all types are divided by contrast, each contrast has its own color nuances. I will definitely talk about this in the future.
Hope it was helpful.
Cold or warm yellow determines the composition of a given tone: if there is even a small admixture of blue (green) in it, it is considered cold, if there is an admixture of red (orange, brown) - the color is considered warm. Sometimes in a complex shade of this tone there are both echoes of blue and red, then it is weighed: which subtone is more.
Yellow - is considered a warm shade relative to other tones of the spectrum. The wavelength of this spectrum is in third place in terms of value (see color physics). The next color in the spectrum is green, which is borderline in temperature gradation. Orange, which stands above it, is considered the warmest shade of the spectral palette. As the lightest tone, it is highly sensitive to impurities, so adding even a small amount of red (yellow + red = orange), blue (blue + yellow = green) makes it much darker, so even a small amount of impurities creates a noticeable change to the eye. And if we are sensitive to halftones, then we can classify them by temperature.
If we take spectral yellow conditionally as a neutral tone (for consideration within the framework of this color), then its light shades will be closer to cold ones, by analogy with white (winter). An admixture of black, gray, or blue will give off green and transfer color in the same direction as white.
Cold and warm yellow have a wide range of shades.
Cold yellow and its shades
Cold yellow is almost the entire pastel range, with the exception of light orange-yellow tones.
The cold tone has a restrained coloring: less intense than the spectral one, due to which it is widely used in clothing and interiors.
Conventionally, they can be divided into the following groups:
- creamy yellow - pastel colors from white-lemon, white-lime-yellow, to white-sand-yellow.
- yellow-green: cold colors, in which one way or another there are green notes: due to blue or black.
- beige-yellow, where the blue undertone outweighs the red.
- golden: instead of blue, they contain black (maybe along with blue) and in a smaller amount - red.
Cold yellow photo
(1) pale yellow, (2) gray yellow, (3) champagne, (4) vanilla, (5) wheat, (6) gold, (7) honey, (8) sand, (9) straw, (10) ) golden blond, (11) fawn, (12) pear, (13) yellow green (14) curry (15) dark yellow (16) tan.
Warm yellow color and its shades
Warm shades of yellow are brighter than cold colors. Saturated, full of energy and solar power, they evoke joy, a feeling of summer or spring. There are as many such colors as cold ones, they are designed to decorate this world and give us a positive attitude.
These include:
- salty tones - shades of yellow with a very small amount of red. These are bright yellow and moderately bright, but rich and flashy.
- yellow-orange - where the presence of a red subtone turns into the perception of orange. These are sweet and spicy. They are more restrained than sunny ones: they can be very light, saturated or even dark.
- yellow-brown - these are yellow-orange tones with a drop of blue, which makes the color darker, more restrained, but leaves it in this temperature category.
warm yellow photo
(1) sunny, (2) apricot, (3) banana, (4) yandex color, (5) corn, (6) signal, (7) mustard, (8) golden, (9) golden oak, (10) saffron, (11) amber, (12) lemon, (13) bright yellow, (14) yellow-orange, (15) canary.
Warm yellow combined
Sweet, juicy, sunny combinations with warm yellow are mostly built on contrast: warm-cold, bright and restrained. Yellow-green tones, brown, red, orange, purple support the riot of true lemon colors. Blues, blues, whites, greys, blacks enter into thermal contrast to varying degrees, enhancing the luminous qualities of the main color.
Cold will be different in combination:
Cool yellow color is combined
Cold shades of a dawn-yellow winter morning do not like to argue with a yellow-orange palette, although sometimes you can see such a combination. And yet next to cold colors, such as gray, blue and even green, they look warmer. Light contrast is the main concern of this spectrum. This range is not annoying, it is moderately saturated, inspires a sense of roundness and harmony.
HOW TO DETERMINE WARM OR COOL SHADE? (click on picture)
