How can you make a toilet in the country. We build a country toilet: projects, drawings, dimensions. Toilet frame upholstery

The toilet is the first structure erected by the owner of the land.

If at first you can still somehow do without a house by building a summer kitchen, then the septic tank cannot be attributed to secondary structures.

For many summer residents, it is with his device that the acquisition of building experience begins.

How to build a country toilet? If you want to create a building that has an original design, you must determine the dimensions of the building. You can take a typical drawing, based on individual needs, develop a project that suits you.

An approximate plan of construction and design work looks like this:

• Start with creating a frame, put the dimensions of the building on the drawing. Calculate the amount of materials needed to build it. On the plan, indicate the section of wooden beams and the dimensions of the boards.
• On the drawing, be sure to reflect how it will be cut facing material. The scheme should have a calculation for one side wall of the building, as well as for its front and rear walls. Don't forget to add building materials for the other side wall. Optimal toilet width 1.2 m, height - 2 m.
• If you want to expand the building, make adjustments into the drawing. The front wall, like the back, is made rectangular. Lateral - trapezoidal, this allows you to achieve the desired slope of the roof. In one of the walls of the building, it is necessary to cut a window, through which light will penetrate into the toilet in the country house. In addition, the window is necessary for ventilation of the room.
• floor covering made from boards thick 50 mm, then the village toilet is sheathed with a sheet of OSB. The boards are installed on a base of timber, nails are used to connect the parts of the structure. In order to increase the strength of the building, all elements are connected into a groove. Its depth must be at least 50 mm.
• Make a door. Practice shows that the optimal dimensions 1.95x70.5 cm. You can make toilets for summer cottages from edged boards, often construction is carried out from OSB boards. When erecting a roof, lay the rafters, there should be a step of 40 cm between them. Buy boards to make them 100x50 mm. Nail them to the frame, the connection is made with nails. You can cover the roof of the toilet with slate or profiled sheets.

Keep proportions. Remember that an increase in the standard size will entail additional costs for the purchase of building materials.

A standard drawing can be taken as the basis for a wooden toilet. If you wish, country toilets can be made according to individual sizes.

Drawings and design of the birdhouse-type toilet

Regardless of which toilet you choose, it will require a cubicle. « birdhouse » - one of the most popular options.

1. In order to make the frame and floor, buy boards. It is best to choose larch lumber, then the structure will be especially durable. On the doors, crate and walls, you can put a pine board. All parts of the structure should be covered with an antiseptic.
2. Make a foundation 1 × 1 m, put a forty board on the floor. The front wall has a height of 2 m, and the rear 2.3 m. When building, be sure to use a level.
3. When the frame is ready board the toilet. Install doors, after that you can proceed to work on the device of the roof. Completes the process of performing outdoor work.

If you are going to make a "birdhouse" by equipping it with a cesspool, make a foundation. Concrete blocks can be used for this purpose. 20x20x40 cm. Cover the roof with a profile sheet, and make a ridge from a bent strip of galvanized steel.

Drawings and design of the toilet type "hut"

« hut » is another popular option.

1. Assemble the front wall first, and then go to the back. The easiest way to make a building is from a cut pine board with a thickness 30 mm, use self-tapping screws or nails for fastening.
2. Install transverse and longitudinal beams, and then spacer. Make a cross member of the pedestal, be sure to attach it to the back wall, do not forget about the spacer beam.
3. After you finish working on the frame, boards sew up the base of the floor. Make a platform, and then proceed to the sheathing of the slopes. After that, you can collect hang a door to the country toilet.

Drawings and design of the "Teremok" type toilet

For regions in which winters are snowy, the building is ideal « teremok » . Such a toilet is perfectly protected from the wind. The shape is unusual, you can make such a structure from improvised materials.

Pay attention to the shape of the door . Its upper end has a rounded shape, so construction will take more time.

Construction may seem like a daunting task for beginner builders. Pay attention to the geometry of the corners, then the building will be symmetrical.

Powder closet

Powder closet is another construction option. Usually, a do-it-yourself country toilet is made in places where groundwater comes close to the surface. The design differs in that it does not have an underground storage for waste.

Powder closet is great for giving. But the house in which year-round living is planned is best provided with a septic tank.

1. The foundation is concreted, the toilet cubicle can be of any shape.
2. Inside the building, a pedestal is made with a hole into which a waste container is inserted.

play closet

Backlash closet is made both inside houses and on the street.

1. The toilet is cleaned with the help of sewage trucks, this is done 1 time per season.
2. The cesspool is made airtight, this is a prerequisite that must be observed during the construction of the building.

The toilet cubicle can be of any shape.

shower-toilet

A toilet-shower for a summer residence is a building that combines two rooms under one roof.

1. A partition is being erected between the toilet and the shower, each section has its own door. Height and width of the building - 2 m, length - 3 m.
2. The upper and lower strapping can be made from timber 100×100 mm, and for vertical supports - timber 50×100 mm. Buy timber in sufficient quantities, should be done 24 supports.
3. Also, do 12 blanks 200 cm long. They will go to the installation of roof slabs, use a beam with a section 50x100 mm.

Let's start building

Materials and tools

Before starting work, buy lumber in advance.

• For the construction of the frame, purchase a bar. Pay attention to its cross section, the best option is 100 x 100 mm, to increase the strength of the building, you can buy lumber with a section 150 x 150 mm.
• To trim the toilet you will need an edged board not less than 20 mm thick.
• Roof battens required 50×20 mm, and a grooved board will go to the floor 40×150 mm.

You can easily replace the sheathing board by purchasing OSB boards or sheets of waterproof plywood. If you opted for OSB, then the slats can be cut from these plates.

You will need the following tools:

1. hammer, screws and nails;
2. shovel and bucket;
3. pliers;
4. perforator or impact drill;
5. brush for applying stain and paint;
6. containers for solutions and paint.

How to choose a seat

Determine the place where you plan to make a toilet. Its remoteness from the house and other buildings depends on whether it will have a cesspool, or the building will be made without it.

Remember that construction should not interfere with neighbors, do not forget to indent from the fence by 1 meter. The door should open towards your yard. When digging a cesspool, leave access roads for a sewage truck.

Pit toilet

Most of the restrictions relate to the construction of cesspools. They must be securely isolated to prevent environmental pollution.

• The pit should be located in 25 m from water source. It can be a well, a well or a pond. The rule also applies to water sources located in neighboring areas.
• From the cesspool to the basement or cellar there should be at least 12 m to the bath or home - 8 m. To buildings that contain animals, at least 4 m. Pay attention not only to the location of the buildings on your site, but also on the neighboring one. This will help avoid conflict situations.

Before starting construction, it is necessary to select the internal structure of the toilet. The building can be with a cesspool and without it.

If groundwater comes close to the surface, being above 3.5 m from the surface, you can only build without a pit. Otherwise, waste products will be found in the water.

If groundwater comes close to the surface, being above 3.5 m from the surface, you can only build without a pit.

Similar restrictions are imposed on buildings built on shale rocks and in areas with natural cracks. Consider the water level in the spring when the snow melts. The lowest point of the cesspool should be 1 m above the maximum water level in spring.

If the groundwater is deep, then any type of garden toilet can be made on the site. The optimal volume of the pit is 1.5 cubic meters; it can be located under the building or away from it.

The cesspool can be:

1. round shape;
2. square shape.

In the first case, concrete rings are used for its arrangement. In addition, the walls can make a toilet in the country can be made of brick and rubble stone. But remember that this option will require labor, time and certain financial investments.

• Pay special attention tightness of the bottom part and walls. At the bottom, a castle is made from a layer of clay. It is compacted, the layer thickness should be at least 30 cm. If there is no desire to work with clay, the bottom can be poured with concrete.
• Be sure to do bituminous waterproofing.
• Inside the toilet make a hatch, or leave a few boards on the floor loose. You can choose a design in which the hatch is placed outside the toilet.
• The toilet is recommended to be equipped ventilation system. When filling the pit by 2/3 of the volume, the contents should be pumped out.

Detailed instructions for building a cesspool from tires:

Options without a hole

It is much easier to build a wooden toilet without a cesspool. Waste will be collected in a sealed container.

There are several types of such toilets, but the differences relate only to the way waste is processed.

• Microorganisms do this in dry closets, and special substances in chemical installations.
• In the powder closet, the waste is sprinkled with powder, which can be used as peat, sawdust or ash.

Building a house

When the work on arranging the cesspool is completed, you can proceed to the construction of the foundation.

It must be stable, and its reliability also matters. These are the main points to pay attention to.

If windy weather is often observed in the region, it is better to use metal pipes as a base. They must be buried in the ground, and the bars should be installed inside. So the structure will be further strengthened.

If windy weather is often observed in the region, it is better to use metal pipes as a base.

The frame is made from wooden beams. For the base, buy a larger section of lumber, and for load-bearing elements, you can choose thinner bars. For the device of the opening door, take a bar 100 × 100 mm.

1. Saddle the base first by connecting the bars with nails. To make it easier to work, the bars can be pre-fastened with thin strips. Reinforce the base with stiffeners. For this purpose, use lumber with a smaller cross section. It is very good if the frame and stiffeners are one piece.
2. For roofing at the top of the frame make a crate. Krusha can be covered with slate, you need one sheet. In order to fix it, fill the strips on the facade and rear of the booth. Fasten the bars at the bottom of the frame, they will become the basis for the floor. After that, you can proceed to the construction of walls. Sheathe them with a board, this is the best option. In addition, chipboard or plywood sheets can be used.
3. Make a door. After attaching the canopies, install it in the opening.
4. Cover the roof with slate or other material.
5. If you wish, you can paint the toilet.

How to make ventilation

There are the following options:

1. Leave the building as is. In this case, the air in the cabin will move by itself.
2. Forced ventilation. It is based on the installation of a fan.

You can choose any option for organizing the hood, but each of them requires the presence of ventilation holes in the walls. We are talking about supply and exhaust channels. A mandatory requirement will be the arrangement of the hood over the cesspool.

Forced ventilation is more efficient, it quickly removes unpleasant odors from the toilet. But the organization of such a system will require certain financial costs from the owner of the summer cottage.

To organize forced ventilation, you need to buy the following:

• fan;
• switches;
• the wire.

Forced ventilation quickly removes methane, but it is rather difficult to assemble such an installation. If you want to keep the air in the toilet always fresh, this option will be the most suitable. But without electricity, such an installation will not work.

The natural method of ventilation is good because it does not require additional equipment.

In order to make forced ventilation, install an exhaust hood in the pit. It is required so that the gas does not enter the booth, but is taken out into the street.

Make an exhaust pipe. To do this, buy a product whose diameter is at least 10 cm. The length of the pipe depends on how deep the hole is made in the toilet. To work, you will need an impact drill, in some cases you can not do without a hammer drill. The choice of tools depends on what material the booth is made of.

When laying a pipe in the ground, one should not forget about its protection; for this purpose, buy a casing. You will also need fasteners. Well suited those that are designed for drainage. In order to make the system work more efficiently, purchase a deflector.

The ventilation installation process consists of the following steps:

1. Using the tool make a hole in a cesspool.
2. Install fasteners according to the height of the building. Insert pipe and secure her.
3. Install deflector.

Make holes in the walls of the toilet, placing them on opposite sides. Closer to the ceiling, there should be a place for the hood, and near the floor - an air inlet. Take the mesh and close the ventilation ducts, this will prevent debris from entering the toilet, and also protect the building from insects.

Install the fan by attaching it to the exhaust vent. For a standard toilet, the area of ​​\u200b\u200bwhich does not exceed 2 m², a device whose power does not exceed 30 watts. Connect electricity by running a cable. Connect the fan, connect it to the mains.

Lighting

Toilet lighting options are as follows:

• air line;
• underground cable;
• solar-powered lanterns.

An overhead line is not the best solution if you do not want wires running over the area from the house to the toilet. Laying the cable underground is more aesthetically beneficial, but few people like to spend so much money and time on lighting in the toilet.

• you can use LED lights, which are designed to illuminate the garden. On sale there are products of different shapes and weights. They are inexpensive, every gardener can buy them.
• Since bright light is not needed, installing one flashlight will be enough for lighting. Buy a product, separate its upper part. Take a knife and cut off the clamps, then they will not interfere with you.
• Measure the protruding part of the lantern- one that is equipped with an LED and a battery. If necessary, you can easily replace the battery.
• Make a hole in the wall of the building appropriate size. Insert flashlight, lock his glue. For this purpose, silicone sealant is best suited.

How to make insulation

The choice of a suitable insulation option must be determined in advance. Much depends on whether you plan to insulate the internal or external parts of the structure.

When planning work on the interior, remember that space is limited. Choose a material that does not take up much space during installation. It is important that it reliably protects from frost, cold and wind. In favor of warming from the inside, it is also said that this type of laying the material will require less money. However, each case is individual.

When choosing external insulation, be prepared for more painstaking work. Due to limited space, buy thermal insulation materials that are no wider than 75 mm. The ideal option would be the installation of mineral wool sheets. For its fastening, buy rectangular metal slats.

Due to limited space, buy thermal insulation materials that are no wider than 75mm.

• For waterproofing, you need a film, and for sheathing - drywall. It is best to opt for moisture resistant sheets.
• Get self-tapping screws and profiles. They will be required in order to make a quality mount.
• To putty the joints between the sheets, buy putty.

To choose the right amount of material, it is necessary to take into account the dimensions of the structure. Installation of insulation consists of the following steps:

1. Take wooden slats. Make a crate by stuffing it on the wall in increments of 50 cm.
2. Lay insulation sheets. Fix them with self-tapping screws, attaching to the crate. The material should be placed on the walls, do not forget about the ceiling.
3. Put a film on the insulation, it is required to protect mineral wool from moisture. Fix the film with tape.
4. Sheathe the insulation with moisture-resistant drywall. They are mounted on self-tapping screws, and mounted on a metal profile.
5. Sheet joints seal with putty.

If you want, you can stick wallpaper or tiles on drywall.

You can build a toilet by hiring a construction team, or you can buy a ready-made one.

• The cost of "Hut" or "Birdhouse" starts from 6500 rubles.
• Hozblok with a toilet - from 12 to 18 thousand rubles.
• Delivery is available, the cost depends on the destination and region.

You can build a toilet in the country with your own hands very quickly. All parts of the structure made of wood should be treated with biocides. These drugs are effective against rot. Saturate the wood twice with a water-polymer emulsion. This tool is inexpensive, it will reliably protect lumber from moisture for many years.

• Sheeting with tongue and groove material will show all the advantages if you begin to stuff the board with a horizontal belt. Keep in mind that the ridges should be placed up and the grooves should be placed down. This will prevent the accumulation of moisture in the sheet pile. But the door is always sheathed, placing the boards vertically.
• If you are going to build, and the drawing involves the installation of curved sections, then sheathe them with a boat board. Nautical cladding will last much longer.
• In regions where there is a large amount of precipitation in summer and winter, such a sheathing will be an ideal option. But remember that in regions where strong winds prevail, it is better to give preference to sheet piling.
• If you have an electric jigsaw that has a swivel shoe, then you yourself will make a boat board from ordinary edged lumber.
• Treat all parts that face the ground or a cesspool with bituminous mastic or hot bitumen.

Conclusion

Building a country toilet with your own hands is a task that even novice builders can do.

1. Before starting work, determine the place of construction and the level of groundwater, the type of construction depends on it.
2. Make a drawing.
3. Buy lumber in advance, prepare tools.

You can assemble a toilet for a summer residence in a few days.

This video describes in detail how to make a toilet for a summer residence:

August 5, 2016
Specialization: master of interior and exterior decoration (plaster, putty, tile, drywall, wall paneling, laminate, and so on). In addition, plumbing, heating, electrical, conventional cladding and balcony extensions. That is, repairs in an apartment or house were done on a turnkey basis with all the necessary types of work.

By and large, you can simply provide drawings - how to build a toilet in the country with your own hands, but I don’t think this is right, since the principle of arranging a latrine will be omitted. The fact is that no matter how beautiful and durable an architectural structure is from above, 90% of it depends on the arrangement of sewers, which is below.

Therefore, I want to focus your attention on the whole complex, point out the most common mistakes and suggest watching the video in this article.

Four main mistakes made during construction

Now I want to draw your attention to four points that are often neglected, and since it is best to equip a toilet in a country house soundly, take them into account when installing and designing:

1. As you understand, the default latrine is a source of unpleasant odors, as well as drains that can pollute the environment. Despite the whole range of measures that can be used to cancel such consequences (filters, ventilation), there are certain requirements for the remoteness of sewers from other objects. In your case, three aspects are especially important - this is the distance from water sources, the road and the neighbor's fence - pay attention to the schematic diagram above.
2. The second mistake can be called neglect of the foundation, or rather, its strength, on which the architectural structure is installed. You, for sure, had to observe skewed toilets, which are scary to enter! And so, it just also is a consequence of this error.
3. Following the principle “so that it doesn’t disappear”, some install ordinary, rather than country toilets on the street. There is practically nothing to wash them off (the stored container of water is too small for this purpose), as a result of which unsanitary conditions develop.
4. And finally, the fourth mistake is the neglect of the skin- this is not about beauty, but about the density of the wall, where there are no drafts. The presence of drafts can lead to sad consequences for your health!

Arrangement of a country toilet

Pit and base

1 - toilet; 2 - beams; 3 - storage tanks; 4 - pipes

Explanation. The upper diagram shows the principle of arranging a toilet with. But we are mainly interested in the location of the beams on the pit for the foundation of the higher structure.

So, you can attach a toilet and shower room to the house or put it on its own - in any case, you will need a storage tank for drains, or a connection to a centralized sewer.

I will not explain in detail the construction of a septic tank, since this is a separate topic, although we will touch on it in passing, in any case we will have a pit. As for any other container, the main requirements here are spaciousness and strength (so that the walls do not collapse).

Again, if you are not going to concrete or use masonry, then the main attention should be paid to the density of the soil, on which the likelihood of a landslide depends. Alumina can be called the most durable, as in the photo above, but, nevertheless, this does not guarantee the complete stability of the beams. Therefore, when installing beams, they should protrude beyond the edges by at least half a meter, and if necessary, if the soil is soft, a meter or more.

Of course, the best option here would be a storage tank (concrete or plastered brick) with a lid, which, in fact, will be the basis for installing the toilet. Here you can already change:

• leave it as a cesspool;
• or use it as the first settling compartment for a septic tank, although its price is, of course, higher than that of a conventional pit.

The most important thing is that the lid will simultaneously serve as an excellent foundation for a higher structure, but the container itself is installed on a sand and gravel pillow so that there is no roll or subsidence.

wooden toilet

I want to reiterate that I am not going to offer you a building in specific dimensions, as this does not make sense due to the difference in conditions and needs. But you will understand how to build the same structure with a brick shower, because the principle itself is important here, not the material.

We continue to consider the topic of how to properly build a toilet and move on to the very premises of a higher architectural structure. Let's say that you have a pit ready, and you put tarred wooden beams on it, and perhaps even concrete or metal profiles, which is even better.

Now it is important for us that the floor is not on the same level with the ground - raise it at least 15-20 cm - this will significantly increase its service life, as it will reduce the likelihood of decay.

Now, regarding the geometric parameters of the structure as a container, a comfortable height from floor to ceiling should be about 200 cm, and the optimal perimeter should be about 140 × 140 cm.

These numbers are calculated for almost everyone, but you can certainly increase such parameters. I simply do not advise making them smaller, so as not to create a feeling of discomfort.

As for ventilation, it is best if at the back of the pit, behind the toilet, you cut a PVC ventilation pipe 110 mm in diameter and 50 cm high above the roof of the building itself. In fact, it can be any other, even a brick pipe.

However, PVC is not only convenient, but also economical. Please note that if there is a residential building nearby (closer than 4-5m), then the pipe, of course, should be higher than it so that the smell does not penetrate into the room through the windows.

Now let's pay attention to the roof - it is usually either gable or shed. From a technological point of view, there is no difference, but from a technical point of view, the amount of work increases.

In addition, if there is no particular claim to architectural individuality, then it is best to use only one slope - you will not only save labor costs, but you will use much less materials.

Try to close tightly - use feigned strips for this, or at least pieces of rubber, fixing them around the perimeter of the door leaf. So you protect the inside from snow. And if you use such a toilet in winter, it will be much warmer there.

Conclusion

You can undoubtedly build a wooden or even a brick toilet with your own hands - it's quite simple. For a sample, you can take one of the drawings from this article and substitute your dimensions. If you have interesting suggestions, then write about it in the comments.

August 5, 2016

If you want to express gratitude, add a clarification or objection, ask the author something - add a comment or say thanks!

To equip a toilet in the country with your own hands is not the most difficult task. For each design, it is necessary to select the appropriate materials, taking into account their durability. This article provides step-by-step instructions for the competent construction of a country toilet.

Peculiarities

First you need to choose what type the toilet will belong to. Depending on the internal arrangement, a country toilet may be with or without a cesspool. The groundwater level plays a decisive role in the choice. If its mark reaches 3.5 m, then it is necessary to stop at the option without a cesspool. Otherwise, waste products will fill the space around the house.

The device of the pit is inappropriate on the ground with natural cracks. If the village house is located on a site with a predominance of shale rocks, then the cesspool should also be abandoned. The lower the groundwater level, the wider the choice of a good option for arranging a toilet for a summer residence. On soil with increased resistance to cracks, any type of structure can be placed.

In depth, the cesspool should reach the level of high waters and be a meter below it. When calculating, it is necessary to take into account the level of water rise during the period of active ice melting. Masters are advised to take the spring level of groundwater as a basis. The depth of the well is directly proportional to the frequency of use of the toilet and the number of residents. So, for a family of three permanently residing in the house, a cesspool is arranged with a volume of 1.5 cubic meters. m.

The well can be of any shape, but it is better to give preference to a square or round design. It will be much easier to dig such a hole. The walls are lined with rubble, brick or wood. Log masonry must be treated with resin to protect the material from decay. The bottom is sometimes lined with concrete rings. In this case, it is important to process the joint between the wall and the floor.

To increase the tightness of the masonry, before laying the final coating, the walls are treated with compacted clay. The thickness of such an insulator can vary from 20 to 30 cm. After laying the cladding, the craftsmen recommend impregnating the masonry with bituminous mastic. Resins will protect the coating from soil moisture and prevent premature shedding of the soil.

A country toilet with a cesspool cannot be arranged without ventilation. A pipe with a diameter of 100 mm or more is buried at one end in a well. The second end is built into the roof and rises 50-70 cm above its surface. A ventilation window can be provided in the house itself. It is customary to place it on the side wall or mount it above the door.

The cesspool should be located within easy reach of the road. After the tank is more than two-thirds full, its contents are pumped out and taken out on a special machine. Access to the toilet must be unobstructed.

A cesspool can be organized in two ways. The first is the usual one, the installation of a structure under the house. The second is a backlash closet. A well of the second type is dug at some distance from the building. This option is considered the best for arranging a private country house: it is much easier to take out sewage.

Backlash-closet is equipped with a full-fledged ventilation and flushing system. Communications are lowered below the level of soil freezing, and the cesspool is deepened even more. The slope of the sewage pipe should reach 2-3 centimeters per meter of length. This option requires a serious investment of money and is not suitable for everyone. Masters advise to arrange a backlash closet only if the country house is a full-fledged housing.

The option without a cesspool is considered the simplest and cheapest. An airtight container is arranged under the toilet seat. The main advantage of such toilets is the absence of land and construction work. In this case, there is no need to hire a waste disposal truck. There is no need to locate the toilet in the immediate vicinity of the road. Waste can be used as fertilizer.

Among the disadvantages of such toilets is the need for frequent changes in the working capacity and the purchase of materials to eliminate odors. Cleansers are used after each use of the toilet. It is important to know that high-quality factory toilets are not cheap. Savings on installation leads to an increase in the cost of purchasing the device.

Kinds

Among all types of toilet organization, the easiest way is with a cesspool. It can be located both in a private house and away from the main building in a small house. A cesspool cannot be arranged near water bodies or near neighboring houses. The source for collecting water into the sewer system of the house should not be adjacent to the waste collection pit.

The cesspool, as a rule, is cleaned after filling by two-thirds with the help of a sewer machine. If it is not possible to hire such equipment, then the well can be covered with gravel, and the pit can be moved. Villagers make a hole in a new place every two or three years. Four years is enough to completely restore the soil.

Masters advise lining a recess in the ground with drainage. A gravel bed is not necessary, but laying it down will help increase the time between pit cleanings. The stone mixture is often replaced with a concrete screed, and the walls are laid out with bricks. It is important to properly process all the joints between the elements. The duration of operation of the pit depends on the quality of the selected antiseptic.

When constructing a cesspool, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the geology of the site. Knowledge of the level of groundwater rise is a key point for choosing a given toilet design. It is important to maintain a sufficient distance to the reservoir: soil water should not interact with waste. Failure to comply with this rule may cause contamination of forage crops. The ingress of bacteria into drinking water is fraught with poisoning of residents.

Backlash closet in its characteristics practically does not differ from a traditional cesspool. The key point is the location of the hatch - it should be in the yard. Such a device is great for organizing a toilet in a wooden house. A play closet is also not the most environmentally friendly toilet option.

The next device is a septic tank. Masters distinguish two types: cumulative and with cleaning. The first option, in terms of the method of collecting waste, resembles a cesspool, but is distinguished by tightness and environmental safety. Devices with cleaning can be defended and restored to their original state. Cleaning up to 90% is carried out under the influence of chemical compounds.

The septic tank can collect pollution not only from the toilet. Pipes are also brought to the system to collect domestic water and sewage waste. Communications from the bath and the house can be connected in a septic tank. The device also works perfectly apart from the central communication system.

The main advantage of a septic tank is tightness. The design excludes interaction with the soil. This option is suitable for those who care about the purity of the water in the house. The device is easy to clean, so there is no need to move the tank. A septic tank almost completely eliminates the smell of waste.

Among the disadvantages of this design is the high cost. Storage septic tanks need to be emptied, electrical counterparts require connection to the building's electrical system. You should not install a septic tank if you are not sure that it is properly connected to the central communications of the house.

Powder closet has a low cost. Arranging it is even more profitable than laying a cesspool. A small house is installed in the summer cottage, a toilet seat is arranged in it. A removable tank is placed under the ceramic product. After filling this tank, it must be taken out and cleaned. Powder closet is easy to use and is suitable for arranging a toilet both at a distance from the house and in the building itself.

The disadvantage of this system is the lack of a way to eliminate the unpleasant odor. The device is not large, so it needs to be emptied frequently. It is important to equip the site with a special pit for draining waste. The criteria for the pit meet the requirements for the construction of a cesspool.

Liquid chemical dry closet works according to the following principle: with the help of certain compounds, the waste in the tank is processed into a homogeneous mixture. The resulting substance does not have a specific odor. Liquid toilets based on ammonium and formaldehyde can be purchased on the modern market.

Ammonium products are harmless. The mass obtained during processing with their help has no smell and can become a source of water contamination. The substance can be drained into a compost pit. The ammonium-based composition can also be poured into a cesspool. The liquid will help reduce the rate at which the reservoir fills up and eliminate pungent odors. Ammonium concentrate can be used over a long period of time, but it must be added every 4-7 days.

The composition of formaldehyde is highly effective. One liter of such a product will be enough to service a twenty-liter portable toilet for 3-4 months. Formaldehyde can harm soil and plants. This composition is banned in some countries, so experts do not recommend its use in portable toilets. Draining formaldehyde waste into the soil and water is strictly prohibited.

The Finnish peat toilet is the most common type of dry closet. Disposal of sewage is carried out by adding dry matter: peat or sawdust. The bulk substance must have good hygroscopicity. Peat is harmless and able to eliminate unpleasant odors.

Dry matter is poured into a special tank in layers. After each use of the toilet, another portion is poured into the pit. A mixture of peat with waste forms compost, which can be used as organic fertilizer. The portable tank is convenient to carry. The cost of such a device is relatively low, which allowed the Finnish toilet to take a leading position among analogues.

The disadvantage of a peat toilet is the need to empty the tank frequently during daily use. Also, the dry matter is unable to recycle ordinary paper. In order for the waste to turn into a single mass suitable for fertilizing the soil, it is necessary to use special biodegradable paper.

The biological liquid toilet works on a principle similar to the Finnish device. The decomposition of waste occurs under the action of microorganisms, which are released in the form of a mixture or tablets. Bacteria can also be used to clean the cesspool. The processed mass is absolutely harmless, therefore, it does not need a special organization of a place for collecting waste.

Microorganisms are expensive, but ensure the complete safety of the ecology of the site. They can be used as a fertilizer, for cleaning pipelines and drains. Due to their properties, microorganisms are able to eliminate unpleasant odors.

An electric dry closet works according to a complex scheme. First, the liquid phase is separated from the solid phase. The second is cleaned and drained, and the first is processed into powder. The resulting dry raw material can be used as a fertilizer. Such a system, like underfloor heating, must be connected to a central heating system. It is also necessary to connect the system to ventilation and drain.

The strength of this system is that the tank does not need to be emptied frequently. All components of the device are already included in the kit, so you do not need to worry about purchasing additional materials. Fillers for biological toilets are not needed in this system. The main disadvantage of an electric toilet is its dependence on a central power source and its high cost.

materials

The ground parts of the toilet, isolated from the building, are arranged in the form of a tent house. In order to build such a structure, it is necessary to purchase boards, metal profile sheets for mounting the roof and exterior decoration of the house. Slate sheets will help strengthen the roof and protect the building from rain. The base of the house is best laid out of brick or concrete slabs.

Many builders prefer to use wooden materials. The boards are easy to saw, and the creation of a plank structure does not require special building skills. It is important to understand that without pre-treatment with a hygroscopic material, the wood will quickly deteriorate, and the frame will not withstand the load. Wood is also a fire hazard, so you should not place this material next to combustible structures.

To create a cesspool, you need to decide whether the well requires lining. The most popular variant of such a system is the creation of a tank from concrete rings. This design can last for about 100 years. The concrete composition is quite cheap, but requires the use of special equipment. The cast rings are lowered into the pit one by one, the joints are smeared with cement.

The base must be poured with concrete, or a round structure must be made in advance and immersed in a dug well. The bottom is pre-filled with a small layer of sand or fine gravel. These materials play the role of drainage - they divert groundwater from the surface of the well. Concrete rings can be cast with special recesses - grooves. With the help of such "locks" the rings are connected. If the grooves are not provided, then the structure is fastened with metal rings.

works on the principle of a cesspool. However, it is much easier to install a plastic tank. Polymers are resistant to liquid attack and resistant to temperature extremes. The dimensions of the pit in this case must exceed the dimensions of the plastic container. Before laying the tank, it is necessary to concrete the bottom. A welded metal frame with protruding hinges is placed in a cement screed.

A plastic vessel is attached to the protruding ropes of the reinforcement. A similar design is necessary to keep the tank in the pit. Groundwater can lift light containers and push them to the surface. The gaps between the plastic must be covered with a layer of sand and cement. Before backfilling, the container is filled with water to protect it from deformation due to the expansion of cement with sand.

Arrangement

The main element of the toilet in the country is the toilet. The most common version of this plumbing fixture is plastic. The seat with a cover and the frame of this device are made of polymer. A tank is not provided for such systems, since there is no connection to the sewerage system. The toilet seat does not need to be purchased separately - the design is monolithic.

Plastic systems are produced in all colors and shapes. This design has an attractive appearance and a fairly simple design. Polymers are characterized by increased strength and resistance to temperature extremes. Such a toilet is lightweight, therefore it does not exert increased pressure on the foundation of the structure. A nice advantage is the ease of cleaning and operation.

The ceramic toilet bowl is easy to clean. However, in the conditions of a suburban area, this model can cause certain difficulties. Installation of ceramics requires additional reinforcement of the floor of the room. Products for summer cottages do not have a drain tank, but the design still has a large mass. The advantage of this system is durability.

The wooden device is short-lived. Such structures are installed exclusively outside the home: a wooden box can be arranged independently. In such a device, ventilation is not provided; the toilet itself is placed above the cesspool. You can equip such a toilet with a minimum of investment, but the appearance of such a product will be simple.

The dry closet is most often made of polymers. The system consists of several blocks that need to be assembled. This process does not take long. The toilet bowl is convenient, it is a monolithic structure along with a toilet seat. The design is quite simple and does not differ in special frills, such as a thermal seat. The toilet bowl is convenient not only in use, but also in cleaning.

The purchase of an arrangement must be carried out taking into account certain requirements.

• If the country house is not a permanent place of residence for the family, then it is rational to purchase a toilet bowl with a low cost. The design should be easy to use and sustainable over time. Plastic toilets are perfect.
• Installing a flushing device and connecting the toilet to the central sewer require a lot of money and time. This option is necessary only in the case of constant use of the bathroom.
• Installation should not take much time and effort. It is better to make a choice in favor of ready-made structures, the repair of which will not require major work to re-equip the premises.

• The connection of the waste disposal pipe to the toilet must be airtight. Masters advise using a tube in the form of a cone. It is important to avoid getting waste past the receiving tank. It is necessary to make sure that all elements of the system are clearly connected.
• Ventilation helps to eliminate unpleasant odors from the room. Do not neglect the device of this system. Plastic products can be used as an air duct. Due to their structure, they are lightweight and easy to install. Sewer PVC gaskets with a diameter of about 110 mm will be a good analogue.

Accommodation options

You can locate a bathroom anywhere in the building, but only if it does not contradict sanitary and hygienic standards. One of the walls of the restroom should be load-bearing. It is forbidden to install a bathroom in a room without an external wall. Ventilation in such rooms is easier to install and more profitable.

The toilet should not border on the premises for receiving and preparing food. Often, not all types of toilet bowls are able to absorb all unpleasant odors. Chemical waste during decomposition can release substances that should not interact with food. The most advantageous location of the bathroom in a country house is not far from the dressing room or under the stairs.

When installing a bathroom under the stairs, it is important to determine whether there is enough space to accommodate all the necessary appliances. Ventilation must be carried out through the stairs. In some cases, sewer and water pipes are connected to the toilet bowl. Floors are pre-treated with agents to protect against bacteria and excessive moisture.

Masters advise to completely block the entire space under the stairs with boards - to create a special room. This will not only visually fence off the bathroom, but will also protect the apartment from the spread of smell. It is desirable to additionally strengthen the floor under the structure with damping devices: over time, the floor may begin to collapse. To ensure good air circulation, a small gap is left at the joints of the floorboards with the wall.

Masters do not recommend installing a toilet on the second floor. The bathroom should not be adjacent to sources of drinking water. Such a device will not allow you to connect the structure to the cesspool. When installing a dry closet, a sufficient distance from the edge of the seat to the floor is required. It will be problematic to get the required height on the second floor - you cannot make a recess in the floor.

When building a toilet in a summer cottage outside the house, you need to familiarize yourself with the wind rose. Unpleasant odors should not reach the residential building, so before you start working on the development of a well for waste disposal, you need to map the area. This also applies to the installation of a cesspool for servicing dry closets located in the house. The placement of neighboring houses should also influence the drawing up of the plan.

Dimensions

The dimensions of the pit pit may vary depending on the frequency of use of the toilet and the number of inhabitants. The average size of a pit for serving a family of two is 1.5 by 1.2 m. The deepening is increased by thirty percent with the addition of each new resident. The larger the pit, the less often you will have to hire equipment to empty it. But it is also important to consider the negative impact that waste can have on the environment.

If the cesspool combines the sewer from the house, then it is necessary to increase its size. Ideally, you can calculate the water consumption for each family member and design a well based on the data obtained. On average, a hole is dug for 12 cubic meters. m and increase to 18 cubic meters. m. This stock allows you to use the bathroom uninterruptedly for a month.

The tightness of the well is ensured by a concrete screed about 15 cm thick. The soil in the area may have good absorbent properties. In this case, the tank is covered with a layer of drainage. The thickness of such a pillow should not be less than 15 cm, as in the case of a screed. From above gravel is doused with bituminous mastic.

To build a toilet with a separate tent, you need to familiarize yourself with the accepted dimensions. You can make drawings yourself or download ready-made ones. The normalized width of the house is 1 m. The depth of the room should reach 1.5 m, and the height of the ceiling should be 2-2.5 m. The allowance for the cover of a standard "birdhouse" is taken equal to 30 cm relative to the walls. This technique will help moisture from the roof not to penetrate the walls and not destroy them.

The ventilation pipe is bolted to the rear wall of the toilet. The thickness of the plastic is assumed to be 100 mm. The lower part of the pipe is immersed in the pit to a depth of 10 cm, and the top should rise 20 cm above the roof level. These parameters can be changed slightly, but the design should not be completely neglected.

The dimensions of the toilet under the stairs also play an important role. The minimum size of the bathroom room is 0.8x1.2 m. If a sink is provided in the room, then the width is doubled, and the length is taken equal to 2.2 m. If the toilet is combined with a bathroom, then the dimensions of the room cannot be less than 2.2x2.2 m. The ceiling height should not be lower than 2.5 m. It is important to maintain a distance in front of the toilet equal to 0.6 m.

Masters recommend providing an approach to the toilet from all sides. But this advice is often not followed. The door from the bathroom should open onto the corridor. It is forbidden to connect the toilet to the living room or to the kitchen. In accordance with fire safety regulations, doors must open outwards. This is a mandatory item to ensure proper evacuation.

How to do?

You can build a toilet house with your own hands. The project is quite simple - you can find the necessary design solution on the Internet.

Consider the stages of building an outdoor toilet step by step.

• The type of foundation is chosen based on the characteristics of the soil. The most common type of base for the house is columnar. A monolithic concrete block structure is also suitable. Before laying the floor, it is necessary to cover the piles with a layer of roofing material.
• The floor of the house is made of wooden boards. Before using wood, it is necessary to treat the material with antiseptic agents. The width of the floor panels is chosen about 15x15 or 10x10 cm.

• The design of the house itself is first made in the form of a frame. The pre-assembled structure must be strengthened on the base with bolts and fixed with metal plates. Next, the box is sheathed with wooden sheets, forming the walls of the house.
• A toilet bowl is mounted to the far wall and all the necessary communications are laid out. A cesspool is dug in advance, a pipe from it is connected to the device. It is important not to forget about the ventilation device. Private toilets with sewerage are not combined, this allows to reduce construction work.
• The role of the roof is played by a flooring made of slate and roofing material. It is acceptable to use a profiled sheet.
• Install lighting fixtures as needed.

Toilets inside country houses are often connected to the sewer. Such a system can be self-flowing: pipes are laid at a slope, water is drained into a cesspool. The slope of the pipe is two cm for each meter of communication. Another option is a pressurized sewer. The movement of water in this case is carried out under pressure from a special pump. This method is applicable for houses where a gravity-fed construction is not possible due to some reasons.

When choosing a material for pipes, it is desirable to give preference to polypropylene. This material is highly durable and can withstand high temperatures. The pipe is not deformed when heated up to 95 degrees. Installation of this design is quite simple. It is important to ensure a tight pipe connection.

Sewer sections are fixed with fittings, joints are treated with sealant. Pipes are attached to the wall with clips. For these purposes, you can use studded clamps. To make a tight connection between a cast-iron pipe and a plastic one, it is necessary to lay a rubber gasket.

Pipes are brought out and immersed in a trench. Sewerage should not be placed above the freezing level of the soil. At the junction of the internal and external sewers, an inspection hatch is required. A check valve is placed in the cavity of the pipe. Such measures are necessary to prevent the backflow of sewage if the pit is filled with waste.

After laying the sewer, the masters install the toilet. At this stage, work on the toilet is completed. Before mounting the device, ensure that the surface is smooth. To install the toilet, you must first mark the floor and the size of the hole. A rubber cuff must be laid between the bowl and the floor. The device is fixed with bolts, and the joints are treated with silicone.

Before installing all the elements, waterproofing must be laid on the floor. In cases where the latrines are located on each floor, it is necessary to mount the devices one under the other. The distance from the toilet to the riser should be minimal. Failure to comply with this condition may lead to clogging of the pipe.

In order to equip the bathroom with maximum benefit for visitors, shelves are placed on the walls. If the dimensions of the restroom allow, then a headset can be placed in the room. It is possible to equip a utility block for storing mops and buckets. For these purposes, there is no need to allocate additional space - it is enough to install a small closet in the corner of the toilet.

Drawings and diagrams

For the rational placement of the toilet on the territory of the cottage, it is necessary to draw up a drawing of the future structure. This method will save materials. Schemes of the future structure can be found on the Internet or made by hand. When drawing, it is necessary to do this on a scale, otherwise the final design may differ greatly from the idea.

The development of the scheme begins with measuring the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe site and drawing all existing communications on the plan. Be sure to put on the diagram neighboring buildings and reservoirs. It is important to plan the piping in accordance with the waste pit regulations. Experts advise to pre-compile a wind rose.

A drawing of a wooden outdoor toilet will help calculate the cost of all the necessary materials. Drawing up a drawing of a house begins with modeling the frame. The dimensions of all elements are indicated and the total number of materials is recorded. Do not forget about the cutting pattern of the cladding. The parameters of the front, rear and side surfaces of the future structure are indicated.

The front side of the tent should exceed the dimensions of the back wall. This is a necessary condition for ensuring the desired slope of the building. The front and rear walls of a typical structure are rectangular, the side faces are trapezoid. The plan indicates the dimensions of the roofing sheet for the construction of the roof. If a wooden sheet is located under the slate, its linear dimensions must be fixed.

Instructions for drawing up a drawing for a toilet in a country house practically do not differ from a similar scheme for arranging a bathroom in an apartment. All dimensions and required dimensions are taken from the relevant regulatory documents. It is necessary to mark the place for supplying the toilet bowl to the cesspool pipe. Installing a dry closet does not require such actions. The device is pre-assembled and installed against the far wall of the room.

The selected room should be well ventilated. Doors must face the corridor. When drawing up a drawing of a room, it is important to correctly position all the necessary devices: a toilet, sink or bathroom. All devices must be unobstructed. It is important to correctly position the ventilation and remove the sewer from the room.

The layout of the bathroom is carried out not in order to assess the amount of materials needed, but for the competent distribution of space. Only after the location of the main appliances is indicated, the arrangement of cabinets and racks begins. Do not clutter up the space too much.

It is important to remember that before installing the ceramic toilet, it is necessary to strengthen the base. Waterproofing wooden floors in the country is required, regardless of the location of the bathroom. The walls of a wooden house also need to be treated with paintwork material or bitumen to preserve the surface from excessive moisture. Knowing the dimensions of the room, you can calculate the total consumption of materials and fix it on the diagram.

Without cesspool

If you want to install an odorless and pumping toilet, the craftsmen are advised to give preference to options without a compost pit. Among these options, the most famous are septic tanks, dry closets and powder closets. Dry closets are located regardless of the surface. This option will be a good solution for a site with an increased level of groundwater. In this case, it is forbidden to arrange a cesspool - waste can pollute the soil throughout the site.

To install a dry closet, you can allocate a room in the house or build a wooden building in the distance. The first version of the device is preferable, as it saves time and materials. The laying of the pipeline in this case is not done. A hand-washing station can be connected to the waste collection tank. The emptying of such a system is carried out by removing the storage tank and draining the waste into a designated place.

The main sewer system cannot be connected to the dry closet. Such tanks are intended for temporary use. A system with a major toilet and drain requires a cesspool. Sealed storage tanks are capable of holding a small amount of liquid, so they will not be able to ensure the disposal of waste in year-round homes.

Pitless toilets, thanks to the ease of use, allow you to avoid various emergencies. The tightness of the container excludes the possibility of interaction of the contents with groundwater. It is important to know that there should be a distance of 25 m from the cesspool to the source of water intake. The distance from the toilet to the fence should not be less than 1 m.

Another analogue of an odorless and pumping toilet device is a septic tank. Such a device is able to process sewage over a long service life, which makes the septic tank ideal for a bathroom with year-round use. The design can be purchased, but there are also schemes for creating a septic tank with your own hands.

Sealed chambers can be made from concrete, plastic or metal containers. The main principle of the construction of such a design is the vacuum of the tanks. The manufacture of a sealed chamber is quite simple and has been described previously. It is necessary to select containers with strong walls that will not deform under the pressure of groundwater and soil.

A standard country septic tank for servicing a family of two has two or more chambers. Each new tank serves for additional purification of water entering it. So, in the first compartment, the waste is separated into a solid and liquid phase. The liquid flows into an adjacent container, where it is re-cleaned. In subsequent chambers, the cycle is repeated.

After passing through all stages of filtration, water enters the soil. Such a liquid does not pose a threat of soil contamination. Experts advise purchasing septic tanks with a biological cleaner. Such a system is the most environmentally friendly for use in summer cottages.

Purification system

Septic tanks are a simplified way to treat sewage water. Complex systems include additional compartments for water filtration. These structures can be installed in suburban areas in order to increase the security of the territory. The complete set of filtration systems is complex and more expensive than a simple septic tank. However, experts recommend paying attention to them.

• Ultrafiltration. This method completely disinfects the water. A significant advantage of the system is the possibility of reuse. Chemicals are not used in cleaning, the resulting water can be used for domestic purposes.

• Ion exchange reagents, allow you to speed up the process of cleaning the liquid. The hardness of the water increases. It is not recommended to use such water for food purposes.
• Electrochemical cleaning. Impurities are settled under the influence of special radiation. A layer of metallic impurities forms at the bottom of the tank. The chemicals remove heavy elements from the water.
• membrane osmosis. This complex design is recognized as the best cleaning system. The return membrane traps waste and turns contaminated water into distilled water. The complex structure of the shell allows you to purify the liquid from harmful chemical impurities.

All cleaning systems require large purchase and installation costs. The main advantage of the structures is the complete elimination of unpleasant odors throughout the summer cottage. Wastewater treatment plants allow you to reduce the frequency of pumping out the contents from the cesspool.

Any system needs timely cleaning. If waste is not removed from the cesspool in time, then the process of reproduction of harmful bacteria will negatively affect the condition of the soil. Waste stagnation produces toxic gases that can be harmful to health. The more gas masses accumulate, the more difficult it is to remove them. In especially neglected cases, it is not possible to pump out harmful vapors.

Pit treatment and waste disposal can be done in a variety of ways. The easiest and most proven is to call a sewage truck. The polluted liquid is pumped out by means of hoses. This service is expensive, and it is used only when the well is filled to two-thirds of the volume, and biological preparations are not able to process sewage. The machines are equipped with cutting mechanisms that grind solid sediment.

Cleaning with chemicals is effective, but not desirable. Fast-acting reagents work even at low temperatures. But not every such composition is environmentally friendly. The processed substance is strictly forbidden to be drained into the soil, so it becomes necessary to call a pumping machine. When choosing chemicals, you can pay attention to nitrate oxidizing agents - their composition is the least harmful.

Biological products differ from chemical analogues in the safety of use. Cleaning with these compounds has been widely used by owners of summer cottages. Microorganisms do not work well at low temperatures, so they are used mainly in the summer. Bacteria die on contact with acid and alkali, do not tolerate chlorine. For these reasons, biological additives are best not to fall asleep in the ground.

Mechanical cleaning of the pit is a traditional way to eliminate sewage. This work is carried out at least once a year, the procedure is very unpleasant. This cleaning saves money, but requires time and effort. If the waste is too liquid, then they are mixed with a dry substance. Wood chips and sand are excellent as backfill.

When choosing biological cleaning agents, it is important to correctly calculate the dose. The number of beneficial bacteria should be sufficient to restore the microflora in the tank. Biological additives are distinguished by the speed of the purification process, the speed of action and the ability to eliminate odors. Before using the drug, you must read the reviews about the material.

The composition of biological products sets the conditions for its use. Aerobic bacteria are able to process waste only under the influence of oxygen. Anaerobic analogues do not need direct access to air, so they are calmly placed in vacuum tanks. You can often find a combination of additives on the market - this is how manufacturers get the most effective drug.

Good examples and beautiful options

Many clients cannot imagine the beautiful design of a toilet in a country house. An unusual toilet device can ruin the interior. To dispel doubts, designers recommend that you familiarize yourself with the following interesting solutions.

Classic

Such wooden decoration of premises in the country is used everywhere. Plank masonry looks natural. High-quality material fills the room with a pleasant smell of wood. A bright room can be decorated with white ceramics.

This option is perfect for arranging a bathroom in a small room. The toilet is hidden from view by pieces of furniture. Additional equipment with shelves and cabinets allows you to place all the necessary personal hygiene items. Wooden furniture in combination with wall and floor decoration creates a single composition.

Wood and tiles

The original design of this room is created by combining wood with ceramics. The white toilet is combined with the mosaic, completing the composition. The tile is dominated by shades of brown, in harmony with the wood cladding of the adjacent wall. A small window creates an additional source of light.

The light floor goes well with the color scheme of the walls. The room does not seem small, it is dominated by air and light. Such a solution looks appropriate not only in a country house, but also in an urban interior. Ceramic pattern on the wall can be given any look. In this case, the decision was made in favor of keeping it simple.

Plastic in the interior

Using a plastic toilet is not able to spoil the appearance of the room. You can easily find a rather unusual option on the market. In this interior, a plastic tank looks appropriate in combination with wall cladding made of colored polymer. The red cage in the interior of a country house looks unusual and lively.

Wooden shelves add color to the bathroom arrangement. The combination of bright walls and a light floor avoids congestion in the design. On the floor lay linoleum with stone coloring. Since the plastic tank is not connected to the floor with bolts, it is not difficult to clean the coating. Light plinth gives the room elegance and completeness.

Combination of dark and light

This bathroom solution looks advantageous due to the strong contrast of the color of the walls with the floor. The rough wide wooden slabs on the wall are reminiscent of old log buildings. The light floor in combination with ceramics gives the interior tenderness and sophistication. The room is fully equipped - all necessary communications are carried out.

This room is designed for permanent use. The masters made every effort to make it pleasant to be in the room. Designer decorations - vases and coasters - create a mood. Rich ceramics are the best suited to this solution.

complex shapes

The room is completely decorated with wood. The toilet, arranged independently, looks unusual. Rough wood finish looks noble. The brightest element in the room is the carved sink. The complex figure resembles a tree frame. This option is perfect for connoisseurs of wood species.

No one will argue that such a primitive building as a country toilet is one of the main structures, the construction of which is started in the first place. Agree that in a suburban area you can do without a country house, gazebo or fence, but without a toilet in the country - no way. A self-built country toilet will provide minimal comfort, which will allow you to fully relax and work.

Before starting excavation work, it is necessary to study the sanitary and hygienic requirements and, in accordance with them, choose the installation site.

Features of country toilets

Installing a toilet in the country is not difficult, while it is quite possible to do it yourself without resorting to outside help. It is important to take into account some features of such construction:

• Mandatory compliance of the installation site with sanitary and hygienic requirements presented to cesspools;
• It is impossible to allow a do-it-yourself country toilet to create inconvenience to neighbors ;
• At the start of construction, it must be a method of emptying the cesspool is provided ;
• The choice of toilet design directly depends on the water horizon of the site. With a low placement of groundwater, the cesspool should only be of a sealed type .

Following our instructions, you will not only be able to properly build a country toilet with your own hands, but also save yourself from the problems associated with its operation.

Varieties of toilets for summer cottages

In the country, you can build one of several designs of toilets. The selection criteria can be both the height of the water horizon and the frequency of use of the closet, as well as the amount of financial costs that are planned for its construction and maintenance.

All existing outdoor latrines can be classified according to the way waste is disposed of. Consider some of the most popular designs.

Toilets with cesspools for summer cottages

This is perhaps one of the most popular designs in rural courtyards and summer cottages. It is not difficult to build a cesspool-type toilet with your own hands in the country, because the usual deep pit serves as a sewer, in which liquid residues evaporate or soak into the ground.

The depth of the pit directly affects the frequency of its cleaning, so it is not often necessary to rake out the garbage. Most often, the hole is simply covered with soil, digging a new one next to it. An elevated structure can be anything - you can build a country toilet with your own hands from boards, bricks, slate sheets or metal profiles. The main thing is that the necessary strength of the frame is provided and ventilation is present.

1. Wooden toilet. The choice of such a design is justified both by the simplicity of construction and its low cost. Agree, you can build a wooden toilet with your own hands with minimal skills. A wooden structure is often stylized as a fabulous house, having received not only a functional, but also an aesthetic structure. Often, not boards, but clapboards are used for sheathing the frame. Such a do-it-yourself country toilet also looks stylish, as evidenced by the numerous photos posted on the network. The most important advantage of a wooden building is that when the hole is filled, it is dug in another place, and the house is transferred.

1. Toilet from metal profile sheets. There are two ways to install such a structure. In the first, a wooden frame is used, and in the second, a base welded from shaped metal pipes. Then the base is sheathed with slate sheets using self-tapping screws or rivets. It is not difficult to build a toilet from profile sheets with your own hands, but this design gets very hot in the summer in the country. It is best to install a metal closet in a permanently shaded place and sheathe it from the inside with polystyrene foam sheets.

1. Brick toilet. Before you build a brick toilet in the country with your own hands, inspect the site well, study existing projects, watch the video. It will not be possible to transfer such a structure to a new place, so it is necessary to provide a way to clean the cesspool. When constructing a brick building, do not forget about the need to install a concrete floor.

play closet

This type of toilet resembles the design described above. Its feature is the device of the cesspool. Most often her walls and bottom are sealed so that during filling it was possible to pump out waste with a sewage machine. Equipping this toilet in the country with their own hands, they dig elongated pit, for the possibility of unobstructed installation of the vacuum hoses. A huge disadvantage of backlash closets is the impossibility of cleaning them in the winter. therefore, if necessary, install a pit heating system.

Powder closet

This toilet has a small (maximum 20 litre) waste container installed under the high chair. After coping with natural needs, the waste is covered with ash, sawdust or peat. To do this, a box with these bulk materials is installed in the room. If you are interested in the question of how to make a toilet in the country, remember the disadvantages of powder closets: pouring the contents of a sewer tank into a compost pit with your own hands is not the most pleasant procedure. We will not be silent about the huge advantage of such a closet - with proper ventilation, it can be placed even in a country house.

Peat toilet for a summer residence

The peat toilet is a more advanced powder-closet design. The peculiarity of the device is that there is no need for an additional box with peat - it is poured directly inside. Having visited the peat toilet, the waste is “powdered”, and after filling the sewer tank, it is taken out and taken out.

Choosing the location of the toilet

To build a toilet in the country with your own hands will help our recommendations regarding the choice of a place for future construction:

• If you are planning a building equipped with a cesspool, then be sure to consider the need for an access road for a sewage truck;
• The distance from the toilet to the place of water intake should not exceed the sanitary norm of 25 meters, the distance to nearby buildings should be more than 5 meters, and to the border of the site - 1 meter.
• Be sure to study the wind rose map and consider their direction.
• The door of the toilet should open in the direction opposite to the nearest boundary of the site.

In addition, do not install the toilet in very remote places and do not obstruct access routes. Provide free access to the facility.

We build a country toilet of the Birdhouse type with our own hands

The "birdhouse" is a wooden one, lined with any available material, with a single or gable roof. Such a toilet is installed in combination with a cesspool. By equipping a country toilet of this type with your own hands, you can use ready-made drawings or create an individual project.

As a typical project, you can take the following dimensions for the Birdhouse toilet with a pitched roof:

1. rear wall height - 2 m,
2. front - 2.30 m
3. with a width of at least 1 m.

The dimensions of the base are not less than 1x1m. Installing a wooden toilet with your own hands is a must control of horizontal and vertical surfaces using the building level.

So, we are building the Birdhouse toilet. For work you will need :

• Concrete border 2 m long - 2 pcs. or sand-cement blocks - 4 pcs.
• Ruberoid - 2 m2.
• Sand.
• Edged board: 6000x100x50mm - 3 pcs., 6000x100x50mm - 1 pc., 6000x90x32mm - 3 pcs.
• Lining 3000x87mm - 40 pcs.
• Wooden beam 6000x50x50 - 1 pc.
• Sheet steel profile galvanized 1520x2000x0.4mm - 1 pc.
• Door block 900x2000mm
• Door hinges, latch, handle, nails, self-tapping screws.
• Paint or varnish.

Let's describe toilet building process in the country with their own hands in stages:

1. Digging a cesspool not less than 1x1x2 m in size. Remember that the dimensions of the toilet that you plan to install in the country with your own hands are predetermined by the dimensions of the pit. At the bottom of the pit we pour a layer of broken brick or rubble.

1. As a foundation for a house we install a concrete curb at a distance of no more than 20 cm from the edges of the pit as a ceiling. To do this, we dig it in so that the height of the concrete base above the ground is no more than 10-15 cm. Instead of a curb, you can dig four blocks of sand-cement mortar at the corners of the cesspool, on which we subsequently install the frame.

1. Laying on a concrete curb roofing material in 3-4 layers as a moisture insulator.
2. Building a wooden frame and sheathe it with boards, lining, etc. The floor of the toilet must be laid with a board with a thickness of at least 40mm. It is better to use hardwoods - oak, beech, larch and others.

1. Cutting a hole in the floor up to 30 cm across. The shape of the "point" can be arbitrary: oval, heart, rhombus, circle, etc.

1. We install the door and cut out a window of any shape in it for the passage of light.
2. The roof of the house is covered with roofing material, asbestos-cement or profiled steel sheet.

1. We paint the structure oil paint or varnish.

When equipping wooden country toilets with your own hands, do not forget to install the simplest ventilation. Its purpose is to divert air from the pit into the atmosphere. To do this, you can take any pipe with a diameter of at least 100 mm. Then, a hole of the required diameter is cut in the roof and podium of the toilet and the pipe is installed at a height of at least 20 cm above the roof. All places where the hood passes are sealed, and a deflector is installed at its end, which will create the necessary traction.

From the inside, the country toilet "Birdhouse" can be done with your own hands sheathe with foam, and in order to beautifully veneer it with suitable material, just watch a video from the network and use ready-made ideas.

We build a toilet of the "Hut" type with our own hands

The "Hut" type toilet, although more difficult to manufacture, looks much more spectacular than the "Birdhouse".

Some craftsmen stylize a country toilet like a fairy-tale house, creating real masterpieces with their own hands. Photos of such buildings from the network amaze the imagination with their thoughtfulness and craftsmanship. Well? Are we building such an original toilet in the country? Then we get down to business and begin to dig a cesspool. Its dimensions can be taken from the previous project. At the corners of the pit, a recess is dug in the ground for the installation of concrete blocks. To control the squareness, not only the distance between the blocks is measured. The diagonals of the base should also be the same.

When installing the foundation, they control the horizontal by placing an even rail on two adjacent blocks, and a building level on top. The height of the concrete base should be no more than 15 cm above the surface of the site.

In order not to miss important little things, install a country toilet with your own hands step by step :

1. Lay any moisture insulator on an impromptu foundation. The roofing material, laid in 2-3 layers, copes well with this function.

1. A frame is assembled from a 50x50mm timber bases measuring 1x1m and nail it with edged boards. On top of this "deck" a floorboard is arranged.

1. Cutting a technological hole in the bottom. You can not be limited to a circle and come up with an interesting shape of a “point”.

1. We cover the wooden base with an antiseptic from all sides. If, when installing a toilet in the country with your own hands, you are not sure of the correctness of your actions, study the instructions in which all processes are described in stages.
2. Using a sketch or drawing, assemble the back and front parts.

1. Sew both parts"Hut" from the inside clapboard.

1. Install the back and front walls on the floor and fasten them with scraps of boards.
2. Nail the batten boards. At the end of the work, they also need to be sheathed.
3. Take boards with a length of at least 1800 mm and, resting them on the back and front of the "Hut", pin them to the rails. Thus, we get the roof of the house.

1. Roofing on our built in the country, you can install a toilet with your own hands, having studied photos of similar structures or making your imagination work. In principle, any material will do, but do we really need banality when we create a house from a fairy tale?
2. Installing a fad, you can decorate it with a suitable figurine.
3. We hang doors, having previously provided them with a handle and a hook. From the outside we nail a spinner of arbitrary shape.

1. Painting the toilet house oil paint or varnish.

When installing a toilet in the country with your own hands, turn on your imagination or watch a video showing a gallery of toilet houses, do not be afraid to experiment. Only in this case you will get an elegant, exclusive structure.

Features of installing a peat toilet

The use of a peat substrate for sprinkling waste is justified for several reasons.

• Firstly, peat perfectly absorbs unpleasant odors.
• Secondly, the increased hygroscopicity of the substrate contributes to increased liquid absorption, which ultimately contributes to an increase in the frequency of cleaning the toilet.
• Thirdly, after direct application, the mixture is used as a fertilizer, since peat is initially rich in bacteria that convert organic waste into compost.

A factory-made peat toilet does not require connection to the electrical network, water supply and sewerage, so it is a truly autonomous design for a summer residence.

The operation of such a toilet is based on the separation of waste products into solid and liquid fractions. If frequent use of the device is expected, then the removal of the purified liquid fraction is provided by drainage or a special hose. The solid fraction is located in the lower container and, if necessary, can be easily removed, since the container is easily removed and has carrying handles.

The advantage of factory designs is also ease of maintenance - it is enough to remove waste from the storage tank, rinse the container and add the substrate.

The easiest way is to buy a ready-made device. For those who want to save money, we will tell you how to make a toilet in the country with your own hands. To do this, you will need several boards, a sheet of plywood, nails and screws, as well as a toilet seat. So, we describe step by step, how to build a peat-type country toilet with your own hands :

1. We collect the box, connecting four boards with screws. We make a cutout in the front of the structure for ease of installation of the container.

1. We sew the top side of the box with plywood sheet, after cutting a hole in it for a bucket.
2. We fasten the legs to the corners of the box in such a way that you can easily replace the waste container.

1. We install the structure on the legs and attach a seat to the functional hole (it can be factory made of plastic or wooden).
2. Install a plastic bucket under the hole with a layer of peat previously poured to the bottom up to 5 cm.

1. If you plan to place a peat toilet in open space, then build a house, for example, the same "Hut".

We specifically do not give the dimensions of the toilet, which is designed for do-it-yourself installation in the country. It is so simple that even a schoolboy can repeat the design. Let me just give a few recommendations :

• Stock up on several buckets with lids. This contributes to the convenience of using the toilet.
• Empty the bucket when the waste is no more than a third full.
• Add composting bioaccelerators to peat.
• Use factory filler.
• Dump the removed waste into a compost heap and after the required time you can use it as fertilizer for garden crops.

We hope that our instructions, which describe step by step how to install a country toilet with your own hands, will help you solve one of the primary tasks that arise when developing a suburban area.

Any suburban area should have a toilet. Moreover, it must be organized before the start of the construction itself, because this room is the most necessary for people to stay in the country. Other buildings, such as a bathhouse or a gazebo, will be built later.

A country toilet can be made without asking for help from specialists, who will certainly take a lot of money. Therefore, it is first necessary, in accordance with all sanitary and hygienic requirements, to select a place for the structure, and then choose the type of structure and methods of its construction.

Choose a place

It should be noted that there are certain requirements and norms for placing such buildings on the street. This is especially true for those toilets in which sewage directly comes into contact with soil or groundwater.

You must adhere to the following rules:

• The nearest body of water must be at least 25 meters away. In the event that the territory is located on sloping terrain, then the structure must be installed below the water source. This will prevent impurities from entering the source.
• The distance from the cellar or basement of the house to the toilet is at least 12 m.
• From a bath, sauna or other structure - at least 8 m.
• The distance to the place of stay of animals is at least 4 meters.
• From the trunk of the nearest tree - 4 m, and from shrubs - 1 m.
• The distance from the fence of the adjacent territory is one meter.
• When choosing a place, be sure to consider the wind rose, this is necessary so as not to annoy yourself and your neighbors with unpleasant odors.
• The door must be installed so that it opens towards your house.

It is worth considering not only the distance to your water source, but also take into account the location of the well or well of the neighbors!

All these requirements must be taken into account not only in relation to their own territory, but also to the neighboring one (regarding the location of shrubs, baths, cellars, and the like). But these requirements directly apply only to the pit latrine. The rest should be guided by ease of use.

Kinds

There are four most common types of toilet:

1. With a cesspool.
2. Powder closet.

It is a sealed cesspool, which can be large in size, and its cleaning is carried out by a sewage machine.

If speak about powder closet, then this is a type where a container is located under the toilet seat, which needs to be cleaned from time to time. With each use, it is necessary to sprinkle sewage with a small layer of peat. A bucket of peat is placed nearby. This option is the easiest for any cottage, however, the process of removing feces is quite unpleasant.

Well, the last alternative is bio or chemical toilet. Here all impurities are broken down by special bacteria. This process is completely environmentally friendly.

We start building. Cesspool and wall reinforcement

It is the toilet with a cesspool that is the most in demand due to its simple operation. All impurities fall into a deep pit. When it is 2/3 filled, it must be cleaned. There is also the option of transferring it, but we will talk about this below.

The size of the cesspool can be 1.5 × 1.5 meters, and the depth is up to two meters.

To strengthen future walls, several optimal options are used. For example, you can take boards pre-treated with an antiseptic, concrete rings, bricks, a barrel without a bottom, or old tires. Care must be taken to remove sewage from the cesspool.

If brickwork is used, then the brick is laid in a checkerboard pattern, and the last six rows are laid solid. If a backlash closet is being equipped, then excellent sealing of the pit is needed here. Therefore, a screed is poured to the bottom, or it is simply covered with rubble. If a brick cesspool is made, then a concrete floor is poured on top. For this, formwork is made of bars and boards. After the concrete has hardened, the frame must be dismantled.

It is extremely important to leave a hole for the toilet as well as for ventilation. Moreover, an additional hole is needed for pumping out feces.

If you do not want to constantly clean the pit, then you can fill it up, and move the house to another place. After several movements, it can be returned to its original place, and the decayed waste can be used to fertilize the beds.

Buy ready-made or build your own

Today there are a large number of ready-made houses for the toilet. To a greater extent, everything will depend on your financial situation and the amount of free time.

If you still decide to build a toilet yourself, then there are several ways. For example, brick. You will get a reliable design, but for it it is necessary to provide a good foundation outside the cesspool. Most often in summer cottages you can find a house made of wood. For its construction, it is better to use bars 50 × 60 mm.

As for the supporting frame, its base must be strong enough and reliable, because the entire structure above the cesspool will be located on it. For this reason, it is better to use a beam of 100 × 100 mm. Before installation, it must be treated with an antiseptic, which will increase its performance.

As an antiseptic, some use molten bitumen in a 1: 1 ratio!

Installation of the frame can be carried out on a strip or on a column foundation. In some cases, when possible, it is simply installed on the ground. To make waterproofing, a strip of roofing material is laid between the foundation layer and the soil. Several anchor bolts are fixed to the base of the foundation. They will protect the structure from capsizing the house in the event of a strong gusty wind.

When the frame is installed on the ground, the vertical frame racks are dug into the ground by 30 cm. A board is tightly laid on top of the finished frame, the thickness of which can be 40 mm. A variety of materials are used for wall cladding, such as lining or OSB board.

If the sheathing is carried out from the inside, then the walls can be insulated with mineral wool or foam. In the frame itself, transverse strips should be provided at a height of approximately 500 mm. They are necessary for fixing the plane of the toilet seat. Different materials can be used as a roof, such as slate or tiles. Its slope will be formed based on the height of the front and rear pillars.

Ventilation is needed to eliminate unpleasant odors from the cesspool. For this reason, a hole must be provided in the design of the toilet. To do this, use a sewer plastic pipe Ø100 mm. It can be fixed with a metal clamp to the back wall of the toilet. The pipe itself must be brought into the cesspool by at least 15–20 cm. The height of the pipe will be 20 cm higher than the roof plane. To improve traction, a deflector nozzle is installed at the end of the pipe.

Lighting

To make lighting in this room or not is your own business. To save light in the daytime, you can make a small window in the door. So, the whole day in the toilet there will be natural light. Some decide to install a small window on one of the walls, under the roof. At the same time, it can be glazed, or simply fix the grid. There is also the option of connecting wall lights or LED lights. They are connected to a battery. This must be taken care of before finishing work.

If you encounter any problem during the construction process, then ask us your questions.

Video: building a powder closet at their summer cottage

A photo

Drawings and diagrams