Ventilation of the under-roof space of a soft roof and metal tiles: gaps, air vents, meshes. Under-roof space ventilation for warm and cold roofs Under-roof ventilation grille

Thanks to the ventilation of the under-roof space, long-term operation of the roof is ensured and a favorable microclimate in the house is ensured. Owners often find out about the improper construction of the roof with a great delay, only by smudges on the ceiling and moisture in the attic. These are indicators of poor roof ventilation, but they are not the most negative.

In the absence of ventilation, condensate collects under the roof, which leads to rotting of materials and freezing them in winter Source legkovmeste.ru

Why do you need roof space ventilation?

The cold attic of the building can be converted into a convenient additional floor. The attic can be turned into a comfortable study, a cozy bedroom, an art workshop with original walls and ceilings. The difficulty lies in the fact that many owners do not dare to arrange ventilation of the space there, assuming to save money on this.

There is an erroneous opinion that ventilation is an extra attribute and cost.

Indeed, many old houses without ventilation still look quite good. The thing is that the natural ventilation of the attic space is perfectly organized there. In the attic there are dormer windows, additional gaps and openings for the circulation of incoming and outgoing air flow.

In the absence of ventilation in the attic or when it is not working, all the people living there will soon feel it.

Improper ventilation and poor-quality insulation have unpleasant consequences Source teplo.guru

Lack of ventilation in the attic leads to the following problems:

locked air;

unpleasant smell rot;

mold manifestations on the ceiling and walls of the attic;

decay roofing elements;

appearance condensate;

icing and icicles in winter.

Due to the unfavorable microclimate, the dwelling, in addition to an unpleasant smell, is replete with bacteria and mold.

These are not the last disappointments, because soon the roof will need to be repaired with rotten wooden structures, wetting insulation, and the attic will become unsuitable for its intended purpose.

To prevent unnecessary expenses in the future, ventilation is done immediately after the arrangement of the attic space. This will prevent possible harm to the health of family members and reduce family expenses. Well, as long as there is no sudden collapse of the roof.

What is the ventilation of the attic

Considering that the attic belongs to the living quarters, the arrangement of this attic area should also be proper. The room must be safe, and the insulation must be carried out taking into account year-round use.

To ensure a favorable microclimate and comfortable living conditions, the ventilation of the under-roof space of the attic must be carefully thought out. It is necessary to ventilate not only the rooms, but also the roof itself for long-term preservation of the roof elements in proper condition.

Attic ventilation can be:

natural. In this case, natural draft is used, which is formed with the correct arrangement of channels and ventilation holes. This is the least expensive option of all. It is equipped with grates, aerators, spotlights, ventilation pipes and other elements.

Forced. Occurs with the help of mechanical action using fans for inflow and outflow, additional devices for heating cold air from the street. This is the most expensive way to ventilate an attic room, especially when using climate equipment with wide functionality (temperature, humidity, humidification, ionization, heating indicators).

mixed. There is only one mechanical process (inflow or outflow of air). More often, a mechanical hood is used with the launch of fresh air in the form of gravity.

On our website you can find contacts of construction companies that offer roof repair and design services. You can directly communicate with representatives by visiting the exhibition of houses "Low-Rise Country".

Ventilation device

There are several types of arrangement of the under-roof space, and each of them is more suitable for its own ventilation technology.

For cold roof

This is an easier option, because the attic promotes free circulation of air masses. Vents under the cornices, under the ridge bar help the air to move naturally:

cold air masses are drawn into the attic from the street through the cornice vents;

warm air masses rise from the ceiling of the house up under the roof and go outside through the ridge vents.

Usually the number of vents above and below the roof slope is the same. For normal circulation of air masses, the total area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe vents should be 1/300 of the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe slope.

With a warm roof

In this embodiment, the ventilation of the attic space is a little more complicated. This design does not provide for free circulation of air currents.

The circulation of air masses of the under-roof space is carried out by a convective flow directed from the eaves to the ridge. For its unhindered passage in the roofing pie, additional space is created between the heat-insulating and waterproofing layers using counter-battens and battens. The height of the gap must be at least 5 cm.

Additional space between the contour of the attic room and the roof covering itself ensures a constant inflow and outflow of air Source northerndefenders.info

Then in the space under the roof is formed ventilated circuit(ensuring the inflow and outflow of air masses):

inflow provided in the places of the cornice overhang along the bottom of the roof, above the windows of the attic, in the area of ​​the valley and other parts of the interruption of the contour;

outflow carried out in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bridges, under the windows of the attic room, at junctions, where their special placement is required.

It is necessary to ensure the continuity of the circuit to prevent the formation of "stagnant places", favorable zones for the formation of condensate.

Ventilation roof mesh

Pitched roofs, in addition to proper air exchange, must be equipped with meshes for ventilation of the under-roof space and protection from insects. Wasps, hornets, small birds can build nests in the under-roof space, which, in addition to discomfort for residents, can also harm natural roof ventilation.

Stainless steel mesh is better recognized, it is stronger and more durable, although more expensive than the rest.

Steel meshes are subject to corrosion, rotting, rust.

Video description

What to consider when installing roof ventilation equipment is described in the video:

The subtleties of designing ventilation in the attic

Before installing aerators or mechanical hoods in the attic, careful thought and selection of the best option is necessary. The area of ​​​​the room, its purpose are taken into account.

Design

Design is of paramount importance in the arrangement of ventilation. It is carried out even during construction work in order to avoid additional costs. Even if the construction has already been completed, and ventilation has not been done, it is better to equip it immediately so as not to wait for future problems when the attic becomes unusable.

Regardless of the location of the entrance to the attic, inside or outside the building, ventilation will be required in any case.

How to properly design ventilation

First of all, they provide for the possibility of an influx of fresh air. This is influenced by the implementation of the correct roof design for the installation of one ventilation gap provided by the counter-lattice. It is sometimes used not continuous, but intermittent (in separate segments).

It looks like a counter-lattice made of wood Source kabanchik.ua

The next of the elements of a constant supply of fresh air are spotlights under the cornice overhang. In this case, the diffusion or microperforated film is not brought to the edge of the eaves, it ends immediately behind the wall for the free passage of fresh air masses.

Another way to bring in fresh air is a gap along the entire perimeter of the roof between the waterproofing and the roof itself. An interval of 3-5 cm must be observed throughout the entire length, as well as at the entrance and exit. This rule is observed with insulated roofing systems and those without insulation.

Having designed the air flow, the development of the optimal outflow options:

top section of the roof equipped with ventilation ducts, point aerators, aeration turbines operating at the smallest gust of wind;

waterproofing film all along the ridge run, and a gap is made for an easy outflow of air from under the roof;

if long food(internal corner), the air supply is provided along the entire line to the ventilation gap, arranging a continuous ventilation abutment

also arranged continuous ventilation ridges (connecting elements of the roof slope) and ridges (crossings of two roof slopes).

It is possible to calculate all the necessary ventilation elements, their number, only depending on the area of ​​\u200b\u200byour attic. All calculations are individual, because all buildings have a different roof shape, which is of great importance for the design of attic ventilation.

Instructions for the installation of ventilation systems

When installing attic ventilation by a professional team, you can tell them about your preferences and check the work done. It is necessary to make sure that there is sufficient inflow and outflow of air.

Air is efficiently supplied to the attic with the help of valves mounted in window structures. Their device allows airing even when the window is closed. There are valves for vertical and inclined (dormer) windows.

Roof ventilation methods

To circulate air in the under-roof space apply:

roof outlets ventilation;

piece roof covering with ventilation holes;

roof fans;

ventilation gap roofing cake;

dormer windows.

Now there are many roof outlets and ventilation ducts of a continuous and point type.

Continuous aerators include ridge and eaves vents, their combination brings maximum efficiency.

The work of this scheme is in the wind and thermal pressure. With proper roof ventilation for an hour, the air flow passes through the entire surface of the roof twice.

At the top, the vents are applied with roofing material so that they do not spoil the appearance and do not let precipitation through.

Where does moisture come from

Insulation can be moistened for two reasons:

Due to penetration between layers moisture from the street(precipitation, fog, high humidity) through defects in the roofing carpet.

Due to the formation of moisture indoors(condensing vapors of the under-roof space) through the places of damage to the layer of vapor barrier material.

Warm air contains much more moisture than cold air, so in winter, water vapor through the layers of the structure escapes from the interior to the outside.

In general, living quarters are saturated with vapors generated during cooking, washing, cleaning, taking a bath.

Video description

About the correct arrangement of the roof layers and the ventilation system in the following video:

Conclusion

Installation of under-roof ventilation is an extremely important and necessary procedure that requires attention and responsibility, and in order for the roof of the house to “not cry”, all rules and regulations must be observed.

It is not even worth talking about the need for roof ventilation. Everyone knows this. But how to make it efficient, durable, and also mount it yourself, using advanced engineering practices, will be discussed in this article.

Why do you need roof ventilation?

It is difficult to overestimate the importance of the roof. Therefore, when erecting a building, experienced builders equip the roof with special care, providing it with reliable insulation, insulation and a ventilation system.

During the operation of the house, steam is generated inside the premises, which, according to the laws of physics, rises into the under-roof space. And if there is no well-adjusted ventilation of the roof, then the steam settles on the roof structures, rendering them unusable and destroying the supporting elements of the building.

A roof without ventilation is dangerous. High humidity will lead to the formation of mold and fungus on the walls, wetting of the insulation, which means a deterioration in thermal conductivity and freezing of the house. A well-established roof ventilation system will help to avoid this, which will bring the condensate out and prevent it from ruining the entire structure.

In order to extend the life of the roof, it is equipped with a high-quality ventilation system.

Ventilation of the house can be point and continuous, natural and forced. The most common sources of air circulation include:

• dormers;
• ridges of pitched roofs;
• gaps provided in the roofing cake and cornice strips;
• exhaust fans on roofs and other piece elements of the ventilation system with holes.

For small or medium-sized roofs, natural ventilation is sufficient. Forced ventilation elements are installed on large roofs, where the natural air exchange of the under-roof space is not enough.

Elements of the ventilation roof system

The assembly of ventilation components (including labor) is no more than 2–5% of the cost of the roof itself, which is much less than it will take to repair the roof, individual sections of the house, or even the entire building as a whole, if the ventilation system is not mounted or installed on "Perhaps, I suppose, and somehow."

The main tasks that are assigned to the elements of the ventilation system:

• removal of steam entering the under-roof space from the interior of the house;
• reduction of heat flux penetrating under the roof due to its heating in the sun;
• roof temperature equalization to prevent the formation of icicles on the edges of the cornices and ice on the roof surface.

The ventilation system of the building consists of various elements that perform one common task: to ensure the normal temperature regime of the roof and under-roof space

Ventilation roofing tape

The ventilation tape closes all the cracks of the roof, while ensuring sufficient air exchange and protecting the under-roof space from debris, invasion of birds and other small living creatures.

The TOP ROLL S 240 mm ventilation tape ensures good air circulation and protection of the roof space

Depending on the purpose, there are:

• ridge ventilation tape;
• perforated cornice tape (overhangs air element).

Benefits of using roofing tape:

• creates good breathability;
• emphasizes the decorative finish of the roof;
• Provides protection from moisture, debris and insects.

Ridge roofing tape protects the roof ridge from precipitation and snow getting under the roof. Along with this, it removes steam from the roofing cake, preventing wetting and decay of the rafter system and covering material.

Good ventilation tape from well-known manufacturers, as a rule, is treated with special compounds from UV radiation, which provides additional protection for roof joints from destructive solar radiation. The ridge tape is laid along the edge of the roof, and the ridge is already mounted on top of it. Works are carried out at an air temperature of +5 °C.

Ridge ventilation tape is placed under the metal plate of the ridge

Perforated cornice tape is used to cover cornice overhangs. It not only protects the under-roof space from rodents, birds, insects, dirt and creates free air exchange, but also increases the strength of some roofing components.

PVC ventilation tape reinforces the structure of the eaves

Ventilation roof mesh

For pitched roofs, in addition to proper air exchange, insect protection is also an important task. Hornets, wasps and small birds inhabit the under-roof space, make nests, thereby creating not only a noise effect and unsanitary conditions, but also interfere with the natural ventilation of the roof. To combat such a disaster, a ventilation anti-mosquito net with cells 2–3 mm in size is designed.

Stainless steel mesh is considered the best, as it is the most durable and strong. It is resistant to corrosion, does not spoil the exterior of the house, has a much longer service life than analogues. Of the minuses, only a high price can be noted relative to other types of grids.

Stainless steel ventilation mesh for roof ventilation is considered the most durable and strong

It is undesirable to use steel meshes, since they corrode due to condensate leaks, rot and rust. It is better to use a paint grid with small cells as a budget option in order to save money. Its advantage is low cost and ease of installation - the mesh is overlapped and fastened with a stapler to the wooden parts of the roof. However, the paint mesh is not very strong, and therefore short-lived.

Fiberglass paint mesh does not have sufficient strength, it is easily torn and pecked by birds, so it is better to use it as a temporary option

Roof ventilation passages

Pass-through elements (passages) are an integral part of ventilation pipes. They are designed to seal roof openings. As a rule, they are not included in the delivery set, but are selected separately for each type of roof.

Penetrations are diverse in shape, size, color, which is primarily due to the manufacturer, and secondly - roofing (soft roofing, corrugated board, metal tiles). But they are all easy to install. They are mounted both at the stages of construction and on the finished roof.

Penetrations are used to seal the junction of ventilation pipes with roofing

Only with precisely selected passage parts corresponding to the covering material, we can talk about the durability of the ventilation system, the absence of leaks in the tie-in zones and the ability to withstand all climatic loads with roofing components.

Aerator for roof ventilation

Roofing accessories such as aerators are designed to improve the ventilation of soft roofs. These are forced ventilation elements that reduce pressure under the roof and increase draft, which provides the necessary air flow.

Aerator for roof ventilation made of soft tiles reduces pressure in the under-roof space, which ensures good ventilation of attic spaces

Aerators are selected depending on the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe roof, observing the following rules:

• aerators are installed in the highest places of the slopes along the entire length of the roof for uniform ventilation of the entire under-roof space;
• the distance between adjacent devices is maintained at least 12 m;
• attach aerators to dowels or anchor bolts and equip them with filters that prevent dirt, moisture and insects from entering;
• to adjust the system during the construction of the roof, sections are selected at the joints of the sealant;
• to prevent leakage, use a sealant or a special tape.

Ventilation accessories also include an overhang comb, which has a frequent row of teeth that protect the eaves gap and the adjacent under-roof space, as well as roof fans. They are indispensable on flat roofs with insufficient natural convection and on pitched roofs when there is no possibility to arrange natural ventilation.

The overhang comb is mounted directly under the end row of slotted tiles using self-tapping screws.

Video: Installing a Systemair DVS Roof Fan

Ventilation passage through the roof

Any ventilation duct is brought to the roof of the house and forms the so-called passage unit (AP) in the exit points in the form of a pipe inserted either into the roof itself through the outlet or into reinforced concrete cups.

Each element of the ventilation system requires a sealed assembly to pass through the roof

Industrial ventilation passage assemblies are manufactured in accordance with GOST 15150 and are:

Depending on the type of roofing and the design features of the roof and air outlet, they differ in shape:

Along with typical elements, non-standard assemblies are often made, designed for original construction and assembly of ventilation systems. However, all of them must comply with the requirements specified by GOST:

• metal thickness for manufacturing at least 11.9 mm;
• the size of the support ring is larger than the diameter of the branch pipe by 30–40 cm;
• mandatory treatment with anti-corrosion compounds;
• the length of the UE structure without a valve is not more than 1 m.

Passage nodes for chimney channels are equipped with strict observance of fire regulations.

Ventilation on the roof

Many people wonder if a ventilation gap is needed and if so, why. Is it possible not to do it, because there is already a gap between the coating and the crate.

But really - do you really need a ventilation gap on the roof? Let's try to figure it out. Ventilation of the under-roof space consists of three gaps: the eaves, through which air flows, the gap between the roof and the insulation (the membrane does not count) and the gap at the highest point of the roof (ridge or junction).

Their goal is to ensure good air circulation under the roof and prevent the insulation from getting wet. And if you neglect the gap on the roof, then the consequences will be very deplorable - you will have to disassemble the roofing pie and change the insulation. And this is the least of all troubles.

In order for the house to be warm in winter and cool in summer, it is necessary to equip the roof with ventilation according to all the rules

In addition, hard coatings typically require repainting every 10–20 years. But in the absence of a gap, the resulting condensate will spoil the flooring sheets from the inside. And if it is quite simple to paint them from above, then from the inside it is impossible to do this without disassembling the entire roofing pie and replacing the sheets completely.

So the answer to all questions is obvious - to make gaps. Let the roof breathe to avoid at first subtle but snowballing problems. In addition, the gap on the roof must be sufficient to ensure the operation of the entire chain.

If you clog the ridge of the roof, that is, do not make a gap, there will be no sense from the gap between the insulation and the roof, as well as the cornice gap.

Metal roof ventilation

The metal roof is beautiful, modern, durable and reliable, but it has one big drawback - limited air exchange, that is, it does not pass air well. To ensure normal circulation, ventilation is established according to the following algorithm:

Video: ventilation of the under-roof space in roofs made of metal tiles

Ventilation of a roof from a soft tile

The tasks of soft roof ventilation are:

• removal of condensate;
• prevention of overheating of the lower layers of the roofing;
• ensuring temperature balance on the roof surface.

With properly organized ventilation, cold air flows enter the under-roof space in places of overhangs, and exit through the ridge or aerators.

The arrows indicate the direction of air flow in the under-roof space with the correct ventilation device.

Soft roof ventilation can be single- or double-circuit. But for it to be sufficient, a number of conditions are met:

• the thickness of the air gap between the crate and the insulation is calculated in advance by the angle of inclination and the length of the slopes (but less than 4 cm);
• make additional holes along the bottom of the slope, tightening them with perforated tape, mesh, comb, lining the roof overhangs with breathable spotlights;
• arrange gaps on the roof in the form of ventilated skates or aerators for forced ventilation.

If the roof is not new, and a soft roof is being repaired, then look for places with the greatest swelling, and install aerators there.

Video: ventilation of the under-roof space in roofs made of shingles

hip roof ventilation

Ventilation of hip roofs can be conditionally divided into two groups - ventilation of a cold attic and an insulated attic.

Arrangement of ventilation of a cold attic space will not present difficulties. Due to the large volume of the attic, there are practically no barriers to the normal circulation of air flows. Air exchange occurs through the cornice overhang, ridge and ridge. Dormer windows, barred and located on opposite sides of the roof, provide a draft.

Natural air circulation occurs through the ventilation gap in the roof and dormer windows

When it is necessary to increase ventilation, aerators are installed along the passage of the valleys. But they make sense if the slope angle is more than 45 °. Otherwise, in difficult areas in winter, due to the accumulation of snow, the work of aerators will be inefficient.

With small slopes, it is better to make forced ventilation using roof fans, inertial turbines or nozzles of sufficient height so that they are not covered with snow.

Video: how to eliminate condensation in the attic

Ventilation of insulated under-roof space (attic)

It is advisable to plan attic ventilation during construction, since its arrangement is more laborious than ventilation equipment for a cold attic. There is no free air circulation here, therefore the space for air exchange is created due to the crate mounted between the insulation and the flooring.

Air circulation in the insulated room occurs due to the ventilation gap in the roofing pie

In addition, a gap of at least 2–3 cm is required between hydro and thermal insulation. If the depth of the rafters does not allow you to make the desired gap, then they are built up with the help of boards.

But such a method of air exchange is quite difficult to do on roofs of complex shapes with many kinks and junctions. Therefore, roofers are advised to mount diffusion membranes (vapor-permeable) directly on the insulation, which allow moisture to pass in only one direction.

Video: ventilated ridge on a mansard roof

Seam roof ventilation

A seam roof, like all other types of roofs, needs normal air circulation in the under-roof space. And this is ensured with the help of a gap between the coating and the heat-insulating layer of at least 50 mm, for which the crate is assembled from a beam of 50x40 or 50x50 mm. In addition, the insulation is protected with a vapor barrier film for greater reliability.

To remove moisture from the ventilation gap on the roof, a ventilation outlet for the seam roof is mounted at a distance of no more than 0.6 m from the ridge.

The ventilation outlet for seam and soft roofs is used to remove moisture from the ventilation gap

A properly laid and well-ventilated seam roof will last about 25 years without a major overhaul.

Pitched roof ventilation

To equip the ventilation of pitched roofs, you need:

• supply gaps in the lower zone of the roof;
• channels for air circulation above the insulation (due to the crate);
• the hoods at the top of the roof are 15% larger than the area of ​​the air inlets, since a lower pressure in the attic is necessary for good ventilation.

It is not difficult to arrange ventilation with your own hands. There is only one general scheme - to provide cracks under the cornice overhangs, protect them with tape or mesh, make a gap between the crate and the insulation.

Further work depends on the slope of the roof. With a slope of 10-45°, the exhaust gap is located in the ridge and is covered with a ridge aerator with a protective filter made of polyurethane foam. One such aerator, about 60 cm long, ventilates 25 m² of attic space.

Video: installing a ridge aerator

If the roof structure does not provide for a ridge or the slope of the slopes is from 5 to 12 °, then it is necessary to increase the number of air inlets at the bottom of the roof, and install aerators in the upper zone at a distance of 0.5–0.8 m from the highest point of the roof.

With this arrangement, the aerator ventilates 5 m² of the attic, but if the building is located on a well-ventilated area, then its throughput increases to 25 m².

Video: installation of a point aerator

The size of the ventilated gap on the ridge

The size of the ventilated gap depends on the slope of the slopes - the smaller the slope of the roof, the greater the height of the gap. The type of heat-insulating material does not affect the size of the gap, but the type of roofing is very important. Under a hard coating (metal tile, corrugated board), you can use a counter for lathing with a small section of 25x50 mm, since this is not a continuous coating, but has its own gaps and joints through which air also circulates. Although experts do not recommend experimenting, and for greater reliability and strength, they recommend using 50x50 mm bars for all coatings, that is, making the optimal gap height 50 mm.

How to bring a pipe through a roof from corrugated board

Any home heating system, with the exception of electric, involves the output of chimneys to the roof to release combustion products into the atmosphere. Consider how to bring the chimney through the corrugated board.

1. First you need to make sure that the chimney is located correctly - the exit point should be in the darkened north side, where the sun does not get much.
2. The shape of the pipe and the size of its section are chosen, taking into account the climatic conditions of the area, the relief and the temperature of the outlet gases.
3. Then they are determined with the height of the pipe according to SNiP.
4. They make the pipe themselves, or buy it ready-made and carry out the installation.

Video: pipe passage through a corrugated roof

Height of ventilation shafts according to SNiP

When calculating the height of ventilation shafts, take into account:

• elevation of the pipe relative to the highest point of the roof and adjacent buildings;
• the total length of the smoke channel;
• head size;
• design height.

Requirements and norms for SNiP:

If there are outlets of other ventilation ducts nearby, the height should exceed the rest by 20 cm.

Video: how to calculate the height of the chimney

Ventilation aerators are special devices for ventilating the under-roof space and removing moisture and water vapor to the outside. They are used on flat roofs, preventing swelling of the covering roll material due to temperature changes, and on pitched roofs for effective ventilation and condensate removal.

Vanes (aerators) are produced in different sizes and designs. They are considered the most effective elements of ventilation systems. On a flat roof, they are installed evenly over the entire surface at the joints of the plates. On pitched structures, they are located closer to the ridge (0.6 m from it) or in the places where the valleys pass (on complex roofs).

On pitched roofs, aerators are installed closer to the ridge or in places where the roof is broken.

The material for the manufacture is stainless steel AISI 316 or durable polypropylene, so they can withstand a wide temperature range from -40 to + 90 ° C.

Installation of aerators on a flat roof

With a two-layer coating with rolled materials, aerators are installed in the lower layer:

1. A hole is cut through the screed and layers of insulation along the diameter of the aerator tube.
2. They fall asleep with gravel and attach the aerator to the hot mastic.
3. After cooling, fix with screws.
4. The top layer of the roofing is melted in such a way that the aerator is in the place of overlap (15 cm) of the sheets, the junctions are sealed.

Video: do-it-yourself installation of an aerator on a two-layer soft roof, part 1

In a single-layer flooring, aerators are installed on the screed, making a hole to the vapor barrier. The coating is laid on the skirt of the aerator, hot mastic and a patch are applied on top, overlapping the skirt and going onto the coating by about 15 cm. Then, the aerator is fixed with self-tapping screws, the joint is treated with sealant.

Video: installation of an aerator on a two-layer soft roof, part 2

Installation of aerators on metal tiles and corrugated board

The installation of ventilation outlets on roofs made of metal tiles and profiled sheets is the same and is associated with a violation of the roofing, so it must be carried out very carefully so that damaged sheets of covering material do not have to be changed.

1. Apply a template (included in the kit) to the installation site, outline and carefully cut a hole along the intended line.
2. Strengthen the seal with screws, and apply sealant.
3. Install the aerator, fix it with hinges and additional screws.
4. From inside the attic, the places where the ventilation pipes pass are puttied with sealant.

When installing ventilation elements, you must use branded fasteners that are included in the kit.

Video: installation of ventilation on a metal tile

The main mistakes in the installation of the ventilation system: how to avoid them

Considering that today many people equip the roof of the house on their own, we will consider the most common mistakes when installing ventilation systems.

1. SNiP standards are not taken into account.
2. Unsuitable ventilation elements selected.
3. The ventilation ducts are not symmetrical.
4. The capacity of the system was calculated incorrectly and the heat balance was not taken into account.
5. Installation work carried out incorrectly.

The basic rule in the design of ventilation systems is that the more proportionate and shorter the ventilation is, the more efficient and with less noise it will work.

Overview of ventilation systems

When adjusting ventilation, sometimes there is a difficulty with the choice of components. Consider the most popular manufacturers whose products deserve attention.

Roof ventilation Virplast

WirPlast equipment is used for various purposes - installation of ventilation of rooms or fan outlets (sewer system), as a kitchen hood, for installation of antennas or components of solar panels.

Advantages:

• easy installation due to the built-in spirit level, which eliminates any errors;
• complete tightness on the roof;
• stylish design;
• a variety of models for all types of coverage;
• 10 year guarantee.

WirPlast ventilation equipment is of high quality, which is confirmed by a ten-year warranty for all products

Roof ventilation "TechnoNIKOL"

TechnoNIKOL ventilation systems are available in two variations:

• for ventilation of the under-roof space;
• for forced air circulation in attics and mansards.

Advantages:

• aesthetic design and affordable price;
• increased reliability and impact resistance of all elements. It is achieved thanks to the additives introduced into the composition of the main HDPE material;
• easy installation with detailed instructions.

Roof ventilation Vilpe

Vilpe products are a development of the Finnish company SK Tuote Oy. Excellent as forced ventilation systems installed both during the construction phase and during renovation.

Advantages:

• Made from impact-resistant polypropylene, therefore not subject to corrosion;
• resistant to ultraviolet and climatic extremes;
• environmentally friendly material, withstands constant temperature fluctuations from -40 to + 80 ° C and episodic jumps from -55 to +120 ° C;
• great variety of colors and modern design.

Vilpe roof ventilation is made from impact-resistant polypropylene and can withstand large temperature fluctuations.

Roof ventilation Kronoplast

The success and demand for Kronoplast products is due to the fact that the company produces almost all parts for the ventilation of a private house - under-roof ventilation, kitchen outlets, vacuum cleaner outlets, sewer risers, etc.

The main feature of this product is one hundred percent impermeability on the roof of all exits, without which full ventilation is unrealistic. Roofing elements are available for any coating in six basic colors.

Video: installation of ventilation on the roof of ondulin

Installation of roof ventilation is an important and necessary process that requires attention and responsibility. It is easy to do it yourself, observing the mandatory rules and regulations. Only in this case the roof of the house will never "cry". Good luck to you.

The durability and reliability of the roof is affected by a large number of various factors, including the material from which it is made, the quality of the fasteners, and much more. Of great importance is also the organization of ventilation of the under-roof space. It is proper ventilation that protects the space under the roof from moisture, thereby preventing the roof from becoming unusable ahead of time.

Roof space needs proper ventilation

Why is such a system needed?

Regardless of what materials your roof is made of and how well it is made, condensation will inevitably form on the inside of it. This is due to exposure to low temperatures, rain, snow and other natural factors and leads first to the formation of drops, and then to other negative consequences. As a result of constant humidity, fungus or mold can form under the roof, which will slowly but surely spoil the roofing materials.

In order to prevent this from happening, ventilation of the under-roof space is needed. It is a complex system that must be installed at the planning stage of the roof. The main purpose of under-roof ventilation is to protect against condensate, and the secondary one is to remove vapors from the room. In addition, such ventilation can act as additional thermal insulation, which will prevent the roof from overcooling or overheating. All of this extends the life of your roof.

Roof ventilation also performs a number of important functions.

1. Removes steam that can seep into lofts or attics from living spaces, thereby reducing moisture levels in your attic or attic.
2. It stabilizes the temperature along the length of the slope, due to which ice and icicles on the eaves are less likely to form in winter.
3. Reduces the effect of direct sunlight on the roof. If the under-roof air exchange is organized correctly, then the roof will heat up much less: the interior will not heat up either. This way you can save on air conditioning in your home.

There are natural and forced under-roof ventilation, each of these options has its own characteristics.

Air flow under the roof

How to make under-roof ventilation of a natural type

With natural under-roof ventilation, air circulates under the roof due to temperature changes. To ventilate the under-roof space in a natural way, you must perform the following steps:

• a small free space is designed between the lower layer of waterproofing and the upper layer of the roof;
• mount a uniform roof frame from a counter-lattice and a batten between these two surfaces;
• ensure complete freedom of passage of air masses under the roof: the ventilation gap for this must be continuous;
• make upper and lower ventilation vents in the circuit: the first are made in the cornice overhang, the second - in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe upper slope.

Natural ventilation works as follows: the air under the roof is heated under the influence of sunlight and rises to the vents in the ridge area, through which it exits. The air in the gap becomes rarefied, and colder streams penetrate through the cornice vents. Due to this, a constant movement of cooled air masses is formed, which prevents the formation of condensate.

It is worth remembering that in winter, the vents in the roof ridge can clog the fallen snow, due to which the natural ventilation will stop working.

To prevent this from happening, pipes can be installed in the under-roof space, the height of which must necessarily be greater than the height of the proposed snow cover.

The advantages of natural under-roof ventilation of a private house are the simplicity of its installation and the possibility of organizing almost any configuration on the roof.

Forced ventilation under roof type

Not every roof design allows for natural convective airflow. For example, in flat roofs this is not possible. Especially for such options, there is a scheme for forced ventilation of the under-roof space.

This option differs from natural ventilation in that an electric fan is built into the ridge vents. It pulls warm air out, thus creating a circulation of air masses. Instead, you can also install special deflectors that will enhance the air flow, as well as ventilation turbines.

Forced ventilation of the under-roof space has its pros and cons. The pluses include the fact that for efficient air outflow with the help of a fan, fewer ventilation holes are needed in the upper part of the roof. And the disadvantages include the increased fire hazard of such a scheme, as well as the consumption of electricity.

For the attic

It is somewhat more difficult to organize under-roof ventilation of a mansard roof than in a private house. The difficulty lies in the fact that the attic prevents free circulation of air under the roof, occupying all the space under the roof. Therefore, air ventilation is organized between the roofing and the waterproofing or heat-insulating layer.

For soft roof

Soft types include roofs made of bitumen-tile, as well as rolled materials. All of these options have one big drawback - complete airtightness.

Because of this, condensation forms under a soft roof faster than under other types, which negatively affects the crate, rafters and insulation.

Only under-roof type ventilation for a soft roof in private or apartment buildings can save you from this. There are several options for such structures.

Use of aerators on a soft roof

An aerator is a special technical device designed for forced ventilation. In order for air to penetrate under the soft roof, aerators are installed on its surface at a certain distance from each other. There are two main types of such mechanisms:

• small - installed on 60 square meters of the roof;
• large - installed on 100-120 square meters of roofing.

The distance between two adjacent aerators should not be more than 12 meters, and the devices themselves should be placed evenly. In addition, the aerator can be built into the general house ventilation system or have its own fan.

Aerator for forced ventilation

Ridge ventilation soft roof

Ridge under roof ventilation is more efficient than aerators and is better suited for large areas. The ridge element is a special design in the form of a corner, which is installed on the ridge beam. Features of the installation of such a system are as follows:

• the lining carpet on the side of the roof ridge during installation must necessarily protrude from under the tiles by at least 15 cm;
• the protruding edge of the ridge element must be bent onto the tiled floor;
• the plastic part is covered with tiles, but in such a way that the perforated walls remain open;
• a skate is installed on the bent edge.

Ventilation with two gaps

This is the easiest way to organize ventilation of the under-roof space of a soft roof. It consists in the fact that special ventilation gaps are made in the lower and upper parts of the roof, the size of which starts from 5 cm. The lower gap serves for the influx of fresh air, the upper one for heated exhaust.

Ventilation with valves

The roof valve is a special design that cuts directly into the roof of any type. Roof valves are good because they are equipped with a protective mesh that prevents insects and rodents from penetrating into the inter-roofing space.

Also, with the help of valves, gaps and ridges, forced and natural ventilation of the under-roofing roof type from corrugated board and other materials can be carried out.

Roof valve integrated directly into the roof

If you organize ventilation under the roof with your own hands, then a number of important points should be considered.

1. If you want the effect of the movement of air masses to be stronger, then you should use hydro and steam barriers placed under the crate. They are special meshes that allow air to pass freely, but do not allow moisture and steam to pass through.
2. To provide under-roof ventilation of a simple shed roof, a small number of vents located in the upper and lower parts of the roof in the same number is sufficient.
3. If you install a fan for air circulation in a building that is located in an area with high humidity, then the fan must also be characterized by increased power.
4. Fans must be installed simultaneously with the construction of the roof.

As can be seen from the above, organizing under-roof ventilation with your own hands for a roof of any type is not so difficult, and such a design has a large number of positive effects.

• Reliability, operational life of the roof, as well as its cost-effectiveness is determined by the constituent elements of the structure, whether it be layers of a roofing pie, a coating or a supporting structure. Any of the design errors or violation of technology is fraught with deformation of the roof and the entire structure.

  One can only welcome the attention paid by the developers to the device of heat, waterproofing and wind protection. Unfortunately, at the same time, they quite often do not attach due importance to such an important element as ventilation of the under-roof space.

  It would seem that it is so necessary? At first glance, especially from the standpoint of a simple layman, nothing. Indeed, it is difficult to imagine that moisture can form under the roof of a dry, newly built or renovated house. In addition, there was a time when roof ventilation was carried out practically at the expense of. And in suburban construction, until recently, there was no particular need for this, since, unlike modern hermetic houses, air circulated freely through the cracks in the roofing pie and its walls.

  

  What threatens the lack of under-roof ventilation

  In accordance with the laws of physics, warm air rises up into the attic or attic and is concentrated at the very top of the structure - under the roof. Thus, on cold winter days, snow that has settled on warm areas of the roof melts. As a result, the following processes take place:

  When the thermometer drops below zero, problems begin on the inside too - due to the difference between the outside and inside temperatures, the moisture contained in the air condenses on the cold surface. The resulting moisture flows into the roofing cake, reinforcing structures, as well as beam ceilings. Alternating cycles of "freeze-thaw" gradually destroy them, reduce the effectiveness of thermal insulation, create a favorable environment for the formation of fungal mold.

  The lack of ventilation of the under-roof space of the metal tile causes corrosion of the roof. First of all, areas where the factory coating was damaged during installation or operation begin to corrode.

  The summer period is also associated with negative phenomena, for example, overheating of the roof, which, coupled with UV radiation, reduces the operational life of the roof, and the use of the attic space becomes problematic.

  The traditional use of a dormer for air ventilation is generally ineffective. As for the ventilation of the under-roof space of the attic, such a solution is generally not applicable here.

  The consequences of insufficient ventilation can appear quite early after about 5-6 months in the form of unsightly streaks and stains that appear on the finish from the inside.

  Attention!

  As metal structures corrode and wooden structures rot, the question arises of premature repair or complete replacement of the roof.

  Most Important Functions
  

  Modern ventilation is organized on the basis of the following provisions:

  • access of cold air should be from below, and it should come out from above;
  • maximum efficiency is ensured by the movement of air in the entire under-roof space.

  It is aimed at the following tasks:

  • remove residual steam that penetrates into the under the roof from the living quarters located below;
  • stabilize the temperature over the entire roof area, thanks to which it is possible to exclude such undesirable consequences as frost and icicles formed in the area of ​​​​cornices and overhangs;
  • prevents from the inside of the roof;
  • reduces the impact of ultraviolet radiation on the roof covering, in other words, the temperature in the rooms decreases, thereby reducing the overall cost of air conditioning at home.

  Device
  

  With a cold roof

  This is the simplest case for solving the problem, since it allows large volumes of air to move freely. Vents located under the cornices, under the ridge bar, in the gables allow air masses to circulate due to natural convection:

  • cold air is drawn into the attic from the outside through the cornice vents;
  • warm air rises from the ceiling of the dwelling up under the roof and exits through the ridge vents.

  Of course, in this way it is impossible to completely level the temperature difference between the roof surface from the outside and the inside, however, usually it is not enough to form condensate from the inside of the attic.

  As a rule, the number of vents located along the top and bottom of the slope of pitched roofs of a simple configuration is the same. The only condition under which normal air circulation is ensured is that the total area of ​​​​the vents should be about 0.33% or ⅟300 of the slope area.

  For a warm roof

  

  Ventilation is a little more difficult. In such a design, air cannot circulate freely, since it is almost entirely occupied by attic rooms.

  Air circulation in the residential attic, located in the under-roof space, is provided by a convective flow directed from the eaves towards the ridge. In order for it to pass this path without hindrance, additional space is created in the roofing pie between the layers of heat and waterproofing, using a counter-lattice and a crate. The gap must be at least 5 cm high.

  

  Then, in the space under the roof, a ventilated circuit is formed, that is, they provide air inflow, as well as its exit with vapors:

  • inflow: cornice overhang along the bottom of the roof, further, attic windows (above them), valley or others where the contour is interrupted;
  • exit: ridge, attic windows (under them), junctions, that is, where they need to be made on purpose.

  Attention!

  It is important to ensure the continuity of the circuit in order to exclude the formation of "stagnant zones", places of possible accumulation of condensate.

  

  How to ensure air circulation and continuity of the ventilated circuit

  The market for roofing materials offers builders special elements that increase the efficiency of the system. Some of them increase the intensity of the air flow, others form an inlet / outlet for it. They are called aerators or air elements.

  

Good ventilation of a metal roof helps to avoid many problems. Thus, they get rid of the condensate that forms on the inside of the metal tile and on the heat-insulating layer due to the temperature difference. The cause of high humidity can also be snow or rain, which due to strong winds sometimes get under the roof. When moisture gets on the insulation, its heat-insulating properties deteriorate significantly. The wooden truss structure and the crate are exposed to the destructive action from high humidity.

The influence of condensate is especially strong in the off-season, when the ambient temperature drops. During this period, warm air rises from the living space, in which moisture is present, and, in contact with the cold surface of the roof, condenses. The roof ventilation device prevents the negative consequences of the destructive influence of high humidity and helps to create a comfortable microclimate not only in the under-roof space, but throughout the entire room.

How to equip a ventilation outlet for a metal tile

To ensure the exit of accumulated air along with moisture from under the roof, it is necessary to carry out a constant influx of fresh air from the street. Thanks to the device of such circulation, the following tasks are performed:

• There is a cooling of the surface of the metal tile. As a result of this, the snow does not melt on it, and frost does not form, and there will be no icicles on the cornices.
• In the hot season, the under-roof space and the roof do not overheat.

Considering that steam has a high penetrating power, a ventilation gap should be provided between the roof and the insulation (usually it is 50 mm).

In order for the space to ventilate naturally, ventilation outlets are used, consisting of a metal pipe, which is placed in a plastic casing and insulated with polyurethane. A cap-deflector is installed at the top of the pipe to protect it from atmospheric precipitation. Structurally, the deflector is designed in such a way that it can increase air draft.

The natural ventilation system will be effective only if the ventilation outlets are placed strictly in the prescribed manner, taking into account the design features of the roof and the direction of the prevailing winds in this area. Otherwise, the opposite effect may be observed when the air is drawn into the room.

One of the main technological issues in the installation of the ventilation outlet is to ensure the tightness of its adjoining to the roofing. This task can be realized by applying internal, external seals and a passage element for metal tiles. In this capacity, various ventilation and sewer pipes, antenna penetrations and others can be used. When ventilation outlets and fans are mounted, roof penetrations are also used. They help to achieve the required level of tightness on any type of roof.

How to install ventilation elements

To perform the installation of penetration through the roofing, it is necessary:

1. Mark, and then cut a hole for the pipe in the metal tile according to the template.
2. Fix the passage element in it with self-tapping screws, before applying sealant to it.
3. An outlet (sewer, ventilation, etc.) is inserted into the passage element and, using a level, it is set strictly vertically, followed by fixing the outlet with self-tapping screws.
4. The outlet of the hood is connected to the air duct located inside the house through a corrugated pipe. It is pulled through the vapor barrier, waterproofing and insulation. All passage points are sealed with adhesive tapes, a sealant for closing hydro- and vapor barriers, and a sealant.

High-quality penetration can withstand vibration, atmospheric precipitation pressure, and the effects of temperature changes. In most cases, the material for the manufacture of this element is silicone or rubber. They do not corrode, do not melt in the sun, fit snugly to the roof surface, serve as a reliable barrier against the ingress of moisture, debris and, thereby, contribute to the safety of the truss system from destruction.

Pass-through elements are selected in accordance with the type of roofing material and the diameter of the object displayed on it.

When installing ventilation, special attention should be paid to arranging the passage through the roof structure of the mine. In this place, a special device is mounted, called the node of the passage through the ventilation roof. There are several varieties of them, differing in the method of installation. The choice of any of them depends on which type of ventilation pipes will be installed: sewer, smoke or antenna. The holes for the pipe in the metal tile can also be processed in different ways.

In most cases, the installation of air ducts is carried out on reinforced concrete cups, and they are fixed with nuts and anchor bolts. Such nodes can be used to transfer air with a humidity of not more than 60% and a temperature of 80°C or less. The nodes are unified, their technical characteristics comply with the requirements of GOST-15150.

Metal roof ventilation

When the roof slope is 1:3 or even less, a vent pipe for metal tiles is installed. Its height in this case is 0.5 m, and the required amount is determined based on the fact that for 60 m 2 of the roof it is necessary to install one pipe.

Most often, plastic ventilation pipes are used. They have an aesthetic appearance, long service life, meet sanitary and environmental requirements, and are easy to install. Due to their advantages, they are increasingly replacing traditional galvanized metal counterparts.

When the roof slopes are more than 6 meters long and the roof slope is gentle, and ventilation pipes cannot be installed, ventilation junctions are used. Their height relative to the roof must not be less than 400 mm.

For climatic zones where there is a possibility of heavy snowfalls, the height of the ventilation pipe should be 650 mm. This helps prevent it from falling asleep with snow.

When building a new house, it is very important to follow the installation technology of the roof ventilation system. The desire to save on such an important element in the near future will cause serious problems. If you want the roof to last for decades without additional repairs, it is imperative to install roof ventilation.

Metal roof ventilation device

Ventilation of the under-roof space creates a favorable microclimate, affects the service life of wooden roof structures and metal tiles.

A well-arranged ventilation system provides a constant supply of air and its output, relieves the owner of the house from many problems.

The lack of air movement causes increased humidity in the attic or attic space, mold on the walls and structural elements of the roof, their decay and corrosion.

Condensation and moist vapors are always present in the under-roof space to one degree or another, which are formed due to the difference between warm air in the house and cold air outside, defects in thermal insulation, leaks in vapor barrier coatings.

Functional purpose

• removal of condensate and moisture from the under-roof space;
• ventilation of the roofing pie;
• removal of warm air when the tiles are heated.

Ventilation of the metal roofing ensures the constant removal of moisture-saturated air, keeping the elements of the truss system and insulation (if any) dry.

Ventilation of the roofing cake relieves the insulation of wet vapors, retains its thermal insulation properties. To do this, a ventilation gap is made between the layers, which ensures constant air circulation and drying of the insulation.

In the summer, the metal tile heats up quite strongly and to maintain a comfortable temperature, constant air exchange and removal of hot air from under the roof is necessary.

In winter, warm air under the roof causes ice and icicles to form, so its timely removal is no less important. Read how the roof pie is arranged under the metal tile.

Design methods

The organization of the ventilation system in the house begins at the design stage. Most often, continuous and spot ventilation is used.

Continuous system- provides air access through the air vents located under the cornice overhang (closed with spotlights) and its output through the ridge.

This is an effective scheme for simple gable roofs, the under-roof space of which has no obstacles for air circulation. With its proper organization, a natural draft is created, like a stove. It provides a continuous natural flow of air.

It is important to ensure a balance between the volume of incoming and outgoing air. In case of malfunctions in the system, moist air remains under the roof. This leads to negative consequences: mold, fungus, rust.

Spot ventilation (aerators)- used in addition to a continuous system, on roofs of complex shape and in the presence of skylights.

Metal or plastic aerators are installed on the roof of a metal tile in the form of a pipe with a cap (from precipitation). For their installation to the metal tile, pass-through elements are used to ensure the hermetic exit of the pipe through the roofing.

The frequency of installation of aerators is calculated individually, depending on the complexity of the roof structure and the presence of skylights.

Summarize

For simple gable roofs, continuous supply and exhaust ventilation is ideal and works almost flawlessly.

If the roof has a complex shape, there are skylights - in the under-roof space for the free passage of air, many obstacles arise, “stagnant” places appear. In this case, it is recommended to combine continuous ventilation with spot ventilation by installing aerators.

It is important to design and install ventilation systems correctly - the service life of the roof and the comfort of living in the task depend on their proper operation.

Ventilation outlet for metal tiles: installation instructions

Obviously, the roof over the house is made for more than a dozen years, and a properly executed ventilation outlet for a metal tile will be the key to its high-quality and long-term functioning.

This way, it is possible to prevent the development of undesirable processes that can subsequently damage the materials of the roof structure.

Why it is necessary to ventilate the roof

Ventilation outlet for metal tiles

The correct ratio of temperature and humidity in the under-roof space is the main task of the roof ventilation system, the presence of which will ensure the correct operation of the roof as a single complex.

It is known that warm air masses rise upward, carrying moisture in the vapor state with them. If the ventilation of the metal tile is not equipped, or it does not function correctly, moisture, having no way out, accumulates in a closed space and, reaching the dew point, condenses on the elements of the roof structure.

As a result, the following threats arise:

1. Condensation that has settled on a wooden roof truss structure can cause fungus and rotting, which subsequently leads to premature destruction.
2. Condensation that has settled on the metal elements of the roof provokes corrosion., which over time leads to the loss of their bearing capacity and integrity.
3. Moisture is well absorbed into the brick or concrete elements of roof structures, which can provoke an increase in their thermal conductivity and lead to their destruction in the future;
4. Condensed moisture quickly impregnates the roofing insulation, as a result of which it completely loses its properties, transforming from a heat insulator into a heat conductor. As a result, there is an increase in the cost of heating and air conditioning the building during the corresponding seasonal periods.

The problem described in the last paragraph is one of the key ones, and can manifest itself in the shortest possible time.

How to equip pitched roof ventilation - basic principles

Ventilation outlet mounting diagram

In order to release the air masses accumulated in the under-roof space, and with them the moisture, it is necessary to ensure the supply of fresh outdoor air.

This task is designed to perform ventilation pipes for metal tiles. In the lower part of the metal tile roof, special air vents are equipped through which cold outdoor air enters the under-roof space, pushing out the accumulated moist air from there through the exits in the ridge area of ​​the metal tile roof.

This air circulation performs the following tasks:

• The accumulated water vapor is removed, penetrating into the under-roof space from the residential part of the house;
• The surface of the metal tile is cooled, which allows avoiding snow melting and the formation of ice and icicles in the area of ​​the roof eaves in winter;
• Excludes overheating of the roof and under-roof space from solar radiation in the summer.

In addition to ventilation exits, exits for ventilation ducts from the kitchen, bathroom and other rooms of the building are arranged separately from the under-roof space. An outlet for ventilation of the sewer riser is also individually mounted.

Operating principle of continuous ventilation outlets

Ventilation outlets on the roof surface can be of two types:

1. Point outlets- are installed in the area of ​​​​the roof ridge with a certain step from each other. In appearance, they resemble a mushroom. They are also called roof aerators. Also, they can be equipped with forced fans.
2. Continuous Outputs- mounted along the entire length of the ridge and are hardly noticeable, since they are painted in the color of the metal tile and, unlike point exits, do not protrude above its surface.

To avoid direct rain, the outlets are closed from above with decorative caps made of metal or durable plastic, and painted in the color of metal tiles.

How to properly mount the ventilation outlet in a metal roof

To install outlets in a sheet of metal, it is necessary to make a hole through which the ventilation duct will be led out. In order to prevent rainwater from flowing in these places, it is necessary to use special blanks (pass-through elements), which are supplied in the color of metal tiles by suppliers of roofing materials and components.

Vent outlet mounting method

The ventilation outlet for metal tiles is installed according to the following algorithm:

1. Required number of exits- at the rate of one per 60 sq.m. roof surface.
2. The ventilation outlet must be located at a distance not lower than 60 cm from the ridge.
3. If the roof structure is complex, with a large number of breaks and intersections, the number of output elements must be increased.
4. The delivery set includes a template, which marks the planned hole for the ventilation element.
5. After the hole in the metal tile is made, it is required to paint over the end part of the metal in order to avoid the occurrence of a corrosion center.
6. A sealing rubber ring sits on the silicone, after which it is additionally attached to the roof with screws.
7. After the sealant dries, the passage element can be installed in its place.

It is also fixed with screws. When installing the through-flow ventilation element, use only specially designed screws included in the scope of delivery.

• On the under-roofing side, it is necessary to provide for a reliable adjoining of the waterproofing and vapor barrier film.

To prevent moisture from entering the seal layer, it is necessary to additionally apply silicone sealant at the junctions of the waterproofing and vapor barrier to the ventilation pipe.

You should not save on arranging proper ventilation of the under-roof space. After all, its cost is negligible compared to the costs that may be required for the restoration work of roofing with metal tiles in the future, if you do not protect your roof from condensate in time. High-quality components and responsible performers who adhere to the correct technology for installing roof ventilation - all this in combination will significantly extend the life of your home.

Roof ventilation from metal tiles - installation of a ventilation outlet

Even the best roofing material, a perfectly assembled truss system and strict adherence to all the basic technological installation operations do not guarantee that the roof will reliably protect your home for a long time. The functionality of the roof largely depends on how the hydro and vapor barrier layers work, as well as the ventilation system. Excellent ventilation systems are manufactured by Vilpe, Aquasystem and Ridge Master.

Roof ventilation

Why good ventilation is necessary, for example, rooms, everyone knows. But not everyone knows that good roof ventilation is one of the main conditions for maintaining an optimal level of humidity inside the house and in the under-roof space.

Ventilated roofs last much longer due to the fact that the roofing material is not exposed to the damaging effects of water, which accumulates in the form of condensate on any (wooden, brick or metal) surfaces. A constant flow of air from the outside protects the attic from evaporation resulting from temperature changes.

Ventilation protects the wooden elements of the roof from decay and metal tiles from corrosion, prevents the formation of ice and icicles on the cornices on the roof surface, and prevents the insulation from getting wet (that is, it helps to avoid heat loss). In summer, ventilated roofs do not overheat. From the foregoing, we can conclude that the roof needs an efficient ventilation system.

Roofing pie and its device

One of the elements of the general ventilation of the roof is the ventilation gaps in the "roofing pie", which consists of:

• Layer of vapor barrier;
• A layer (or several layers) of insulation;
• waterproofing layer;
• Counter-lattices and battens;
• Roofing (metal tiles, etc.).

Ventilation system for insulated and non-insulated roofs

Gaps (voids) are arranged on both sides of the insulation (it should not come into contact with adjacent layers, there should be a free distance of about 5 cm between them and the insulation). They prevent steam, which has a high penetrating power, from getting on the insulation and allow the roof to “breathe” (provide free access of air to the air in the ridge).

Ventilation device in the under-roof space

Ventilation of a cold attic or attic provides for the installation of a system of holes and gaps through which constant air exchange will be carried out. The most effective will be ventilation outlets in the eaves (under the roof overhang) and in the skates. In this case, air circulates over the entire area of ​​the roof under the roofing carpet from the eaves to the ridge.

Ridge and cornice vents can be dotted (round) or have an oblong shape. In skates, vents are often made in the form of a gap for the entire length of the skate. To ensure normal air circulation, the total area of ​​​​vents should be 0.3-0.5% of the entire roof area. Moreover, the area of ​​\u200b\u200bvents on the ridge and slopes should be 10-15 percent larger than the area of ​​\u200b\u200bcornice ventilation.

Elements of roof ventilation

Metal tile roofing includes ridge and cornice elements with ready-made ventilation holes, which are sold as a set with roofing.

Ventilation hoods are arranged not only as holes in the ridge, but also as separate elements. Aerators are designed to remove evaporation from the under-roof space. They are suitable for almost all types of roofs.

The number of these devices depends on the following factors:

• The purpose of the building and its design features.
• roof configurations.
• Roof areas.
• Roof covering.

Point aerators are usually mushroom-shaped and are installed on slopes, not far from the ridge. In addition to passive aerators, if necessary, ventilation turbines and deflectors are installed on the roof. These devices create forced draft, which significantly accelerates the movement of air in the under-roof space.

Installation of a ventilation outlet in a metal tile

Natural ventilation of the under-roof space is provided with the help of ventilation outlets, which are metal pipes in a plastic casing. A deflector cap is installed on top of the aerator, which increases draft and protects the pipe from atmospheric precipitation. The installation of this element of the system must be carried out with special care so as not to violate the tightness of the roof. Sequence of operations:

• Marking is made under the hole in the sheet of metal.

• A hole is cut with scissors for metal.

• The cut is painted over with a special protective paint with a brush or spray.

• Part of the “roofing cake” is carefully removed so that the passage element passes into the hole.

• A passage element is inserted into the hole, sealed with silicone sealant and fastened with self-tapping screws.

• A ventilation outlet is installed and, using the building level, it is installed strictly vertically. Attaches with screws.

• All junctions are glued with adhesive tape and sealed with sealant.

Carrying out installation work

With a slight slope of the slope, special ventilation pipes are installed, the height of which is at least 50 cm (above the roofing). Ventilation pipes are installed at the rate of one pipe per 60 square meters. m. roof. Nowadays, plastic pipes are increasingly being installed on metal roofs. They are durable, easy to install and look good.

A roof covered with metal tiles may well stand for half a century. And its service life directly depends on how efficiently the ventilation system works. By providing the roof of your house with a constant supply of fresh air, you can breathe freely and forget about problems with the roof for several decades.

Metal roof ventilation device

Ventilation of a roof made of metal tiles allows you to avoid many problems that arise due to the accumulation of condensate on the inside of the coating. Metal is a reliable material, but a roof made of it does not allow air to pass through, so ventilation for metal tiles becomes the only optimal solution. During construction, further arrangement and construction of ventilation outlets on the roof is taken into account.

Why is metal roof ventilation necessary?

The main reason for the accumulation of moisture on the metal tile and the layer of heat-insulating material can be called the temperature difference. During the off-season, warm fumes from living areas, kitchens and bathrooms rise up to the roof. There they enter the colder air space, as a result of which the resulting condensate tends to settle on walls and windows.

As fumes build up inside the building without the necessary outside outlet, excess moisture builds up on the metal tile roof. A ventilated roof serves to prevent dampness, as well as to eliminate drops of water and snow that are blown under the roof by the wind.

For a roof made of metal, high humidity is especially dangerous. This is a factor leading to the destruction of roof parts and a violation of the integrity of the roof. As a result, the following negative changes are observed:

1. The insulation loses its insulating properties and does not perform its functions. If the layer is only a few percent saturated with moisture, the material accumulates internal heat and conducts cold, despite complete drying.
2. Wooden parts are deformed, the rafters and the crate are gradually destroyed. If structural elements made of wood have not been pre-treated with antiseptic substances, they are threatened by the appearance of mold and rotting.
3. The accumulation of moisture leads to the formation of an additional load on the roof rafters in the form of ice and icicles, their partial and complete sagging.

The device of the ventilated roof restores the circulation of air masses on the roof of the metal tile and under it. The ventilation outlet for the metal tile provides an influx of cold air, normalizes the temperature, preventing the snow from melting. In the hot season, a ventilated roof saves the roof and the space under it from overheating. For this purpose, builders leave free space between the roof and the insulating layer of the thermal insulator. The gap should be at least 5 cm.

What is a ventilation system?

Effective ventilation of a metal roof is achieved by air exchange. The passage of ventilation through the roof of a metal tile when installing ventilation outlets is required if there is an exhaust hood in the house.

The ventilation outlet for a metal tile is a long plastic or metal pipe. The diameter of the device ranges from 30 to 105 mm, the maximum height is 50 cm. The higher the ventilation pipe, the stronger the draft.

The universal device is mounted at a short distance from the roof ridge, no further than half a meter. This allows hot air to freely exit the building outside. Only a small part of the pipe, resistant to gusts of wind, goes upstairs.

The pipe is produced with a protective reflector on the head and is most suitable as an air duct for large sheets of metal tiles. The sheets are stitched together and sealed during installation. The complete set consists of the following ventilation elements:

When planning the design of a ventilated roof, specialists take into account the surface area and slope angles. For a roof area of ​​about 50 square meters with an inclination angle of up to thirty degrees, one ventilation outlet is enough. Slopes that are steep and large may require the passage of additional pipes.

Exits through the metal tile are divided into point ones, which are ventilation fungi, and continuous ones, which are placed along the entire ridge. They are painted in the same color as the metal tile, so they are almost invisible.

Types of ventilation for metal tiles

During the construction of a cottage inside the brick walls, channels are provided that provide a natural influx of fresh air into the building. This system can be supplemented with an aerator, although in most cases it is enough to bring a special pipe to the roof.

Forced ventilation of the roof is of two types and is carried out according to the following schemes:

1. Roofing. Optimizes the temperature and humidity in the roof gap, prevents dampness. Installation of the ventilation outlet to the roof is carried out using a pipe with a plastic penetration and a deflector that reach the rafters. A ventilated roof constructively solves the problem of loss of thermal insulation and destruction of the wooden parts of the roof.
2. through. A more expensive type of installation work, involving the arrangement of exits passing through the entire multilayer "roofing pie" into the attic space. For this purpose, holes are drilled, and the tightness is maintained thanks to standard feed-through elements with a diameter of 110 mm or more. Details provide installation of pipes and fans on the roof, equipped with a rubber seal on the inside of the flange. They repeat the profile of the roof and are securely attached to the metal tile. For ventilation under the roof, a deflector is used - a low-pressure fan.

Such a necessary measure as the installation of ventilation on a metal tile does not exceed one tenth of the construction costs, but it saves a lot of money due to a significant extension of the material suitability term. The device is easily mounted on any type of metal tile, allowing you to bring the channels to the roof of the house.