The development of medieval cities, as well as other changes that took place in the life of society, was always accompanied by changes in education. If during the early Middle Ages it was received mainly in monasteries, then later schools began to open in which law, philosophy, medicine were studied, students read the works of many Arabic, Greek authors, etc.
History of occurrence
The word "university" in translation from Latin means "set", or "association". I must say that today, as in the old days, it has not lost its significance. Medieval universities and schools were communities of teachers and students. They were organized for one purpose: to give and receive education. Medieval universities lived by certain rules. Only they could award academic degrees, gave graduates the right to teach. This was the case throughout Christian Europe. Medieval universities received a similar right from those who founded them - popes, emperors or kings, that is, those who at that time had the highest power. The foundation of such educational institutions is attributed to the most famous monarchs. It is believed, for example, that Alfred the Great founded, and Paris - Charlemagne.
The head was usually the rector. His position was elective. Just as in our time, medieval universities were divided into faculties. Each was headed by a dean. After listening to a certain number of courses, students became bachelors, and then masters and received the right to teach. At the same time, they could continue their education, but already at one of the faculties considered “highest” in the specialties of medicine, law or theology.
The way the medieval university was organized is practically no different from the modern way of getting an education. They were open to everyone. And although children from rich families predominated among the students, there were also many people from the poor class. True, many years passed from the moment of admission to medieval universities to the receipt of the highest degree of doctor, and therefore very few went this way to the end, but the academic degree provided the lucky ones with both honor and opportunities for a quick career.
students
Many young people in search of the best teachers moved from one city to another and even left for a neighboring European country. I must say that ignorance of languages did not bother them at all. European medieval universities taught in Latin, which was considered the language of science and the church. Many students sometimes led the life of a wanderer, and therefore received the nickname "vaganta" - "wandering". Among them were excellent poets, whose works still arouse great interest among contemporaries.
The students' daily routine was simple: lectures in the mornings, and repetition of the studied material in the evenings. Along with the constant training of memory in the universities of the Middle Ages, great attention was paid to the ability to argue. This skill was practiced during daily debates.
student life
However, the life of those who had the good fortune to enroll in medieval universities was formed not only from classes. There was time for both solemn ceremonies and noisy feasts. The then students were very fond of their educational institutions, here they spent the best years of their lives, gaining knowledge and finding protection from strangers. They called them "alma mater".
Students usually gathered in small groups according to nations or communities, bringing together students from a wide variety of regions. Together they could rent an apartment, although many lived in colleges - colleges. The latter, too, as a rule, were formed according to nationalities: representatives from one community gathered in each.
University Science in Europe
Scholasticism began its formation in the eleventh century. Its most important feature was considered to be boundless belief in the power of reason in the knowledge of the world. However, over time in the Middle Ages, university science became a dogma, the provisions of which were considered final and infallible. In the 14-15 centuries. scholasticism, which used only logic and completely denied any experiment, began to turn into an obvious brake on the development of natural scientific thought in Western Europe. Almost completely the formation of medieval universities was then in the hands of the Dominican orders. The educational system of that time had a rather strong influence on the evolution of the formation of Western European civilization.
Only centuries later, the medieval universities of Western Europe began to contribute to the growth of public self-awareness, the progress of scientific thought and the freedom of the individual.
legality
To qualify as an educational institution, an institution had to have a papal bull approving its establishment. By such a decree, the pontiff removed the institution from the control of secular or local church authorities, legitimizing the existence of this university. The rights of the educational institution were also confirmed by the privileges received. These were special documents signed either by popes or by royalty. Privileges secured the autonomy of this educational institution - a form of government, permission to have its own court, as well as the right to grant academic degrees and exempt students from military service. Thus, medieval universities became a completely independent organization. Professors, students and employees of the educational institution, in a word, all, were no longer subordinate to the city authorities, but exclusively to the elected rector and deans. And if the students committed some misconduct, then the leadership of this locality could only ask them to condemn or punish the guilty.
Graduates
Medieval universities made it possible to get a good education. Many well-known figures studied there. The graduates of these educational institutions were Duns Scott, Peter Lombard and William of Ockham, Thomas Aquinas and many others.
As a rule, a great career awaited those who graduated from such an institution. After all, on the one hand, medieval schools and universities were in active contact with the church, and on the other hand, along with the expansion of the administrative apparatus of various cities, the need for educated and literate people also increased. Many yesterday's students worked as notaries, prosecutors, scribes, judges or lawyers.
Structural subdivision
There was no separation of higher and secondary education, so the structure of the medieval university included both senior and junior faculties. After 15-16-year-old young people were deeply taught Latin in elementary school, they were transferred to the preparatory level. Here they studied the "seven liberal arts" in two cycles. These were the "trivium" (grammar, as well as rhetoric and dialectics) and the "quadrium" (arithmetic, music, astronomy and geometry). But only after studying the course of philosophy, the student had the right to enter the senior faculty in law, medicine or theology.
Learning principle
Even today, modern universities use the traditions of medieval universities. The curricula that have survived to this day were drawn up for a year, which in those days was divided not into two semesters, but into two unequal parts. The large ordinary period lasted from October to Easter, and the small one - until the end of June. The division of the academic year into semesters appeared only towards the end of the Middle Ages in some German universities.
There were three main forms of teaching. The lectio, or lectures, were the complete and systematic exposition, at fixed hours, of a particular academic subject according to a predetermined statute or charter of a given university. They were divided into ordinary, or compulsory, courses and extraordinary, or additional. Teachers were classified according to the same principle.
For example, obligatory lectures were usually scheduled for the morning hours - from dawn until nine in the morning. This time was considered more convenient and designed for the fresh forces of students. In turn, extraordinary lectures were read to the audience in the afternoon hours. They started at 6pm and ended at 10pm. The lesson lasted one or two hours.
Traditions of medieval universities
The main task of teachers of medieval universities was to compare different versions of texts and give the necessary explanations along the way. The statutes forbade students from demanding repetition of material or even slow reading. They had to come to lectures with books, which were very expensive in those days, so the students rented them.
Already since the eighteenth century, universities began to accumulate manuscripts, copying them and creating their own sample texts. Audiences did not exist for a long time. The first medieval university, in which professors began to arrange school premises - Bologna - already from the fourteenth century began to create rooms for lectures to accommodate it.
And before that, students were grouped in one place. For example, in Paris it was the Avenue Foir, or Straw Street, called by this name because the listeners sat on the floor, on the straw at the feet of their teacher. Later, semblances of desks began to appear - long tables at which up to twenty people could fit. Chairs began to arrange on a hill.
Grading
After completing their studies at a medieval university, students passed an examination that was taken by several masters from each nation. The dean supervised the examiners. The student had to prove that he had read all the recommended books and managed to participate in the amount of disputes required by the statutes. The commission was also interested in the behavior of the graduate. After the successful passage of these stages, the student was admitted to a public debate, in which he had to answer all the questions. As a result, he was awarded the first bachelor's degree. He had to assist a master for two academic years in order to qualify to teach. And six months later, he was also awarded a master's degree. The graduate was supposed to give a lecture, take an oath and arrange a feast.
The history of the oldest universities dates back to the twelfth century. It was then that such educational institutions as Bologna in Italy and Paris in France were born. In the thirteenth century there are in England, Montpellier in Toulouse, and already in the fourteenth the first universities appeared in the Czech Republic and Germany, Austria and Poland. Each educational institution had its own traditions and privileges. By the end of the fifteenth century, there were about a hundred universities in Europe, which were structured into three types, depending on where the teachers received their salaries from. The first was in Bologna. Here, students themselves hired and paid for teachers. The second type of university was in Paris, where teachers were funded by the church. Oxford and Cambridge were supported by both the crown and the state. It must be said that it was this fact that helped them survive in 1538 the dissolution of the monasteries and the subsequent removal of the main English Catholic institutions.
All three types of structures had their own characteristics. For example, in Bologna, for example, students controlled almost everything, and this fact often gave teachers great inconvenience. In Paris it was the opposite. Precisely because the teachers were paid by the church, the main subject at this university was theology. But in Bologna, students chose more secular studies. Here the main subject was the law.
In the best universities of the world, it has always been considered very prestigious. Our list, which includes the best universities in the world - the ranking of TOP universities in Europe - will help you navigate the variety of options and make the right choice.
Studying abroad provides a number of benefits for students:
- the ability to travel
- getting to know a new culture
- expanding the circle of communication
- the opportunity to obtain a work permit after graduating from an international university
- training according to the most effective teaching methods
- the best teachers
- obtaining an international diploma, certificate.
Children and schoolchildren who want to study at begin training from school, earning educational loans and high scores, because top universities place high demands on applicants. Any student has the opportunity to study at the best universities in the world if his academic and language skills meet the conditions of enrollment. Yes, the best universities in the world - the ranking of TOP universities in Europe - are very demanding on their applicants, but all tasks are quite feasible.
What areas do Russians and foreigners choose to study at top universities in the world?
- business
- right
- finance
- the medicine
- engineering
- management
- art
- fashion and design
- humanitarian sciences.
Getting education abroad, types of programs
Most often, Russian and foreign students come to foreign universities to obtain a bachelor's degree, but master's, doctoral studies, MBA and others are no less in demand.
If a student does not have enough knowledge of a foreign language to enter a foreign university, the student can enroll in language courses in advance or attend linguistic classes in parallel with academic ones. The best universities in the world - the rating of TOP universities in Europe - in almost 100% of cases, their own language programs and supportive classes are organized for foreign, including Russian, schoolchildren and students.
And for those students who do not have enough points for admission, there are preparatory academic programs that additionally help to adapt to life and study abroad, to get acquainted with the principles and methods of studying abroad. But this does not mean that the student loses 1-2 years in the pre-university program: after graduation, most courses offer a transfer immediately to the 2nd year of the university for the undergraduate program.
Obtaining a residence permit, work permit
In almost any country, students are allowed to work no more than 20 hours a week while studying (this restriction is removed during the summer holidays). After graduation from the university, a graduate can stay in the country for a period of 2 months to 2 years (depending on the country) to look for a job. If he manages to find an employer for a long time, then foreign students have the right to stay in the country, and after several years of continuous residence, receive a residence permit.
Which universities are in the TOP
- teaching quality
- research performance indicators
- involvement in international activities.
As a rule, top universities employ the best teachers who have their own effective teaching methods, campus campuses are equipped with modern equipment, their own libraries and have a lot of resources for self-education.
How to get into a top university abroad:
- pass the language exam:
- have active extracurricular activities
- have high academic achievement.
Additionally, you may need:
- passing an interview
- essay writing.
- California Institute of Technology
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- University of Chicago
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich.
Top US Universities
The United States is the undisputed leader in the number of elite and prestigious universities - the education system has its own teaching methods for effective learning. After graduation, students have numerous opportunities in an international career: according to statistics, more than 80% of Nobel laureates studied in the USA.
The association of eight American universities deserves special attention: any Ivy League university can be considered one of the best in the world for education.
Ivy League includes:
- Harvard University
- Princeton University
- Brown University
Popular destinations are:
- the medicine
- art
- engineering
- political science
- business
- right
- finance.
Among the teachers of the famous eight are popular political and cultural figures, Nobel laureates and other outstanding personalities who have achieved high results in their professional activities.
Top UK Universities
Two popular university campuses were founded in England: Cambridge and Oxford, a favorite place for students. The top universities of the world are located here, and a rich university life contributes to the development of personal qualities and excellent pastime among like-minded people. The best students who want to achieve high results in life gather here. Both towns visually still belong to the Middle Ages: they boast chic old architecture, but this absolutely does not prevent universities from equipping their campuses with the latest technology for the comfort of students.
They offer not only academic classes, but also additional language classes, sports or creative activities. For example, among the students of Cambridge or Oxford, rowing is very popular, competitions are regularly held among students.
Popular destinations in England:
- humanitarian sciences
- the medicine
- Social sciencies
- modern technologies.
Popular universities in Europe
The most popular European countries with a large number of top universities:
- Switzerland
The choice of professional areas in these countries is so large that a student can easily find a suitable program for studying.
Lists of top universities in the world
Examples of elite universities in the USA:
- Cornell University (Ithaca, New York), tuition fees - from $ 19,750 / semester, popular areas: agriculture, engineering, architecture, art, science
- Yale University (Yale), tuition fee - from $ 20250 / semester, popular areas: political science, history, economics (business), psychology
- Columbia University (New York), - tuition fees from $ 22645 / semester, popular areas: applied sciences, engineering, humanities.
- Harvard University (Cambridge), tuition fee - from $ 28,000 / semester, popular areas: social and human sciences, biology, engineering
- Stanford University (Stanford), tuition fee - from $ 19300 / semester, popular areas: anatomy and biology, engineering, information technology, international relations, economics
- Princeton University (Princeton), tuition fees - from $ 18,500 / semester, popular areas: science and art, engineering.
Examples of prestigious UK universities
- University of Cambridge (Cambridge), tuition fee - from £ 3940 / semester, popular areas: natural sciences, engineering, medicine, exact sciences (mathematics), law, history, economics, modern languages, psychology, political science, sociology
- Oxford University (Oxford), tuition fees - from £ 6170 / semester, popular areas: humanities, mathematics, physics, biology, social sciences, medicine.
Examples of Popular European Universities
- (Prague, Czech Republic) offers short-term and long-term language courses in English and Czech, pre-university programs for Russian and foreign students.
The Times Higher Education ranking includes 150 world universities, including Moscow State University (125th place) and St. Petersburg State University (145th place). “The list was formed on the basis of a survey of recruiters and leaders of large companies. In addition, the researchers took into account many factors that make graduates attractive to employers, including professional experience, knowledge of at least two foreign languages, and participation in social events,” explains Business Insider contributor Thomas Colson.
19. University College London, UK
Graduate Demand Index: 301.
University College London specializes in training specialists in the natural sciences. “The educational institution employs 850 professors and more than six thousand teachers who teach 36 thousand students. 52% of students are pursuing master's and graduate programs,” writes Colson.
18. London School of Economics and Political Science, UK
Graduate Demand Index: 307.
The school specializes in the social sciences, including economics, political science, sociology, anthropology, and law, Colson writes: “The school has over 10,000 students and over 3,000 faculty members. Alumni include 16 Nobel Prize winners, as well as philosopher Bertrand Russell and Rolling Stones vocalist Mick Jagger."
17. Paris Polytechnic School, France
Graduate Demand Index: 311.
The school was founded by French mathematicians Gaspard Monge and Lazare Carnot in 1794 during the French Revolution. Among the graduates of the educational institution are three Nobel Prize winners.
16. Research Technical Institute CentraleSupélec, Paris, France
Graduate Demand Index: 312.
The Institute CentraleSupélec was founded in 2015 as a result of the merger of two major technical universities in France. "CentraleSupélec trains executives and managers for the manufacturing industry," writes Colson.
15. Mining School of Paris, France
Graduate Demand Index: 336.
The school was founded in 1783 at the French Mint, when King Louis XVI introduced the position of head of metallurgy and mineralogy. The school is considered one of the three main higher technical educational institutions in France.
14. Federal Polytechnic School of Lausanne, Switzerland
Graduate Demand Index: 339.
“It is the leading Swiss institution of higher education, with over 3,000 masters and 670 teaching staff,” writes Colson.
13. High Normal School, Paris, France
Graduate Demand Index: 366.
The institution known as ENS was founded during the French Revolution by proponents of the philosophy of the Enlightenment, Colson writes: "Now the institute trains personnel for the government and the scientific research community."
12. Edinburgh University, UK
Graduate Demand Index: 367.
Founded in 1583, the University of Edinburgh is one of the six oldest educational institutions in Europe. “The university has three colleges, where more than 35 thousand students, masters and postgraduates study. Biologist Charles Darwin, telephone inventor Alexander Bell and Sherlock Holmes author Arthur Conan Doyle studied here at various times.
11. Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Germany
Graduate Demand Index: 368.
The Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich is also considered one of the oldest universities in Europe. Established in 1472, it is considered one of the best research universities in Germany with over 50,000 students.
10. ETH Zurich, Switzerland
Graduate Demand Index: 403.
The educational institution is better known as ETH Zurich and is the most prestigious university in Switzerland. The school prepares specialists in the field of natural sciences, technology and mathematics.
9. EMLYON Business School, Lyon, France
Graduate Demand Index: 415.
“EMLYON is a leading French business school with branches in other countries such as China and Morocco. The school's management training standards are among the highest in Europe,” writes Business Insider.
8. IE University, Spain
Graduate Demand Index: 417.
A private Spanish university specializing in the preparation of masters in management and jurisprudence.
7. University of Manchester, UK
Graduate Demand Index: 420.
"It is the largest university in the UK with over 40,000 students," writes Colson. In addition, according to the administration, the educational institution has the largest network of graduates in Europe, consisting of 300,000 people from 190 countries. Among them - 25 Nobel laureates.
6. Kings College, UK
Graduate Demand Index: 431.
The educational institution is known for Europe's largest research center in the field of health. The college owns three teaching hospitals with over 27,000 students, including 10,500 masters, internships, writes Business Insider.
5. HEC Paris Business School, France
Graduate Demand Index: 465.
“This prestigious business school is very selective about students. Its leadership training program produces some of the most competitive leaders in Europe,” says Colson.
4. Imperial College London, UK
Graduate Demand Index: 517.
"Fourteen Nobel Prize winners have graduated from this institution, including Alexander Fleming, the inventor of penicillin," writes Colson. The college was founded in 1907. It specializes in training specialists in four areas: natural sciences, engineering, medicine and business.
3. Technical University of Munich, Germany
Alumni Demand Index: 744.
The Technical University of Munich (or TMU) is one of Germany's leading educational institutions and a member of TU9, an association of the country's oldest and most prestigious universities. Among the graduates of the university - 13 Nobel laureates.
2. Oxford University, UK
Graduate Demand Index: 773.
“As you know, this is the oldest university in Europe. You can talk about his strengths for a long time, but he is famous, first of all, due to the high level of training of specialists in the natural sciences and research activities, ”says the author of Business Insider.
1. Cambridge University, UK
Graduate Demand Index: 836.
Among the 18,000 students at Cambridge University, 4,000 come from other countries. "The university has the most 'quality' alumni network - 92 current students and faculty of the university are Nobel Prize winners," writes Colson.
Every year, on the eve of spring, for many of our clients, the problem of choosing a university for their children becomes an urgent one. Traditionally, developed European countries are considered the best place for higher education.
In the UK, Austria, Switzerland are the oldest universities in the world, whose diplomas are quoted as highly as possible. To help you with your choice, we have studied the latest world university rankings.
All educational institutions offer special adaptive programs, language courses. You can identify a child on them now, so that he is better prepared for admission. And parents need to solve another problem in advance - obtaining a residence permit or citizenship in Europe, so that you do not limit yourself in communicating with children, and they feel at home in another country.
UK universities are definitely the choice of successful people. In the Academic Ranking of World Universities in 2015 (ARWU), the University of Cambridge, founded in the 14th century, stands out among the leaders. And in Britain it is recognized as the number 1 university.
Prestigious specialties
The most demanded are medical specialties, as well as business faculties: management, economics, finance, political science. Girls often go to study design and art history. Graduates usually have no problems finding employment in any large international companies.
Cost of education
- About 12 thousand pounds sterling in the specialty Economics, Law, Political Science
- About 16 thousand in the specialty Architecture, Design, Art History
- About 18 thousand for the specialty Management
- About 29 thousand for the specialty Medicine
Living expenses
An average of 8-9 thousand pounds per year. Additionally, students once a year pay a university fee - 4.4-5.2 thousand pounds.
Admission
Documents are submitted no later than October 15, the reception is carried out by the UCAS system. The applicant is interviewed by the admissions office and provides A-level results, as well as a certificate of English proficiency (GCSE-C, IELTS 6-7, TOEFL 600/250). Interviews are held from September to December.
Study schedule
The first semester runs from October to December. The second is from January to March, and the third is from April to June.
Is it possible to get a British residence permit?
To obtain a residence permit in the UK, you must take part in the state program for investors. Investment in a British company in the amount of 2 to 10 million pounds sterling gives you the right to obtain a residence permit in the most prestigious country in Europe in just 8 weeks.
The oldest university in Europe is considered the number 2 university in the Old World. If you want your child to receive the highest quality higher education in England, this is one of the best options. Oxford University alumni included 25 British Prime Ministers, as well as Margaret Thatcher.
Prestigious specialties
Training in political science, economics and international relations is one of the best in Europe. In 20 of the 100 largest business enterprises in the world, managers are people with Oxford degrees. Thousands of well-known politicians graduated from this university at different times. Girls are attracted to study here the history of art, fashion, and design.
Cost of education
- 13-15 thousand pounds sterling - specialties Psychology, Sociology, Design, Culture and Art
- 18-25 thousand - specialty business areas, Management, Finance, Computer technology
- 30-32 thousand - medical specialties
Living expenses
On average, a month of living in Oxford, taking into account university fees, will cost 1 thousand pounds.
Admission
Applications are submitted by October 15, and the results of the exams are announced in the middle of next year. You can apply now through the UK portal UCAS. Applicants must pass the A-Levels or International Baccalaureate (IB) qualifications, as well as have an excellent command of English (according to the IELTS certificate - 7.0 points, according to TOEFl - 110).
Study schedule
The academic year begins in October and is divided into three terms. Studying at the bachelor's degree will take 3-4 years, at the master's degree - 1 year.
Another elite British university, which is regularly included in the Top 5 in Europe. In 1826, it became the first university in London, and is now part of the "golden triangle" of elite universities in the UK. Notable alumni include Mahatma Gandhi, telephone inventor Alexander Bell, Interstellar author Christopher Nolan.
Prestigious specialties
The college is famous for its medical specialties with practice in leading clinics in the world. Also, work with nanotechnologies is extremely developed here. The leaders of many companies specializing in high technology came from here. Great attention is paid here to the latest specialties related to energy and natural resource management.
Cost of education
- 12-15 thousand pounds sterling - the study of art, economics, mathematics
- 15-17 thousand - engineering specialties, psychology
- 17-20 thousand - specialty Architecture, Design
- from 30 thousand - medical specialties
Living expenses
On average, students, taking into account all university fees, spend from 6 to 12 thousand pounds a year.
Admission
Applications are accepted in the UCAS system from January 15 to October 15. The applicant needs a certificate of secondary education (IB, GCSE, A-level). The level of knowledge of English must be at least IELTS 6.5-7.0
Study schedule
The college academic year is divided into 3 trimesters. First: from the end of September to the middle of December. Second: from mid-January to the end of March. Third: from the end of April to the middle of June.
Vienna State University is a great opportunity to give your child a quality and modern education in Europe. Established in the XIV century (last year it celebrated its 650th anniversary), it still remains one of the most prestigious. It consistently ranks among the best business universities in the world and ranks 16th in the MBA list. Its graduates are the business and financial elite.
Prestigious specialties
Another strong point of the University of Vienna is jurisprudence. The Faculty of Law is considered the strongest in Europe. If you want your child to achieve maximum results in the legal field, Vienna is your choice. No less popular is the Faculty of Economics. Girls will be interested in some of the best cultural and art programs in Europe.
Cost of education
In the vast majority of faculties, tuition for a semester costs 750 euros, which is relatively inexpensive.
Living expenses
The advantages of the University of Vienna are in the low cost of living. It is 2-2.5 thousand euros for 10 months of the academic year.
Admission
Applications for bachelors are submitted until September 5th. Pre-registration is carried out on the Internet. Further, the university needs either the original certificate of secondary education, or a notarized copy. It is necessary to confirm knowledge of German at a level not lower than B2. If the course is taught in English, the same requirements apply.
Study schedule
The academic year includes winter (from October 1) and spring (from March 1) semesters. A bachelor's degree takes three years, a master's degree two years.
Is it difficult to get an Austrian residence permit?
Registration of official status under the investment program is really quite complicated here. The easiest way to get a residence permit in Austria is for financially independent persons. To do this, confirm an income of 2,000 euros and a bank account of 20,000 for an adult and 10,000 for a child. To get the maximum chance of getting into quotas, it is better to contact specialists in the migration field.
In the international ranking of the best universities QS World University Rankings (it is compiled by the reputable company QS Quacquarelli Symonds) in 2015, the ETH Zurich took the 9th place. This is the most prestigious university in this country. If you see your child of the future as the head of an international high-tech company, this is a great choice.
Prestigious specialties
Architecture, management, and engineering sciences are taught here at the highest level. Popular destinations: the city of the future, energy, the latest materials. Among the graduates are dozens of Nobel laureates in physics, chemistry, and medicine. The most famous is Albert Einstein.
Cost of education
The advantage of this university is a lower cost of education with a high quality of teaching and the prestige of a diploma. On average, a semester costs 580 Swiss francs.
Living expenses
Accommodation during the semester will cost the student about 65 francs. The same amount should be spent on university fees.
Admission
The deadline for accepting documents for the autumn semester is from November 1 to April 30. Entrance exams are taken exclusively in German. The applicant submits to the commission certificates confirming knowledge of the language: Goethe-Zertifikat C1, Goethe-Zertifikat C2, TestDaF or others. You also need to provide a resume and grades obtained at school for the last three years.
Study schedule
The first semester runs from October to March. Then after the session and holidays - the second semester, which lasts until July. Bachelors study for 3-4 years, masters - another 1-2 years, postgraduate studies - another 3 years.
How to get a Swiss residence permit?
You can apply for a residence permit in Switzerland under the state program for investors. The Swiss government offers a residence permit for a business investment of at least 1 million francs or for the payment of a lump-sum tax of 100,000 francs per year. Registration of official status will take only 3 months.
Advantages of higher education in Europe
For your child, studying in Europe means:
- the highest quality education
- work in prestigious companies
- the ability to work in any country in the world without restrictions
- effective and fast career, high position
- access to the market of the highest paid vacancies
- starting life in one of the leading European countries
Subscribe to our blog updates and find out what other profitable opportunities exist to get an elite education in Europe.
Choosing a university is an extremely responsible task facing graduates and their parents. Many factors need to be taken into account. What a person is fond of, who he would like to become, what are his life goals. And starting from this, choose the location of the university, its teaching staff, the quality of education and much more.
We have prepared for you a list of the best universities in Europe where you can get an education. We also indicated the cost of training. Choose the best one, apply and start nibbling on the granite of science.
1. Technical University of Madrid, Spain
Emprego pelo MundoThe Technical University of Madrid is an old university. Some faculties are over 100 years old. The School of Architecture and Engineering is of great importance, since it is here that the history of Spanish technology was made over two centuries. At this university, you can earn bachelor's, master's, and doctoral degrees in business and social sciences, engineering, and technology. The university has 3,000 employees and 35,000 students.
Cost of education: 1,000 euros per year ( approximate price).
2. Hamburg University, Germany
Wikipedia The university has six faculties. These faculties offer almost every possible discipline - from economics, law, social sciences to the humanities, natural sciences and computer science, as well as medicine. Over 5,000 employees and almost 38,000 students. It is one of the largest universities in Germany.
Cost of education: 300 euros per semester.
3. Complutense University of Madrid, Spain
This is one of the oldest universities in the world. And, perhaps, the most prestigious educational institution in Spain. There are two campuses. One is located in Moncloa, the second is located in the city center. Here you can get a bachelor's degree in business and social sciences, arts and humanities, medicine and engineering. It is a very large university with over 45,000 students.
Cost of education: 1,000–4,000 euros for the entire period of study.
4. Oxford University, UK
Tatur The history of this educational institution dates back to 1096. It is the oldest English speaking university in the world. More than 20,000 students study here. Business, social sciences, arts and humanities, language and culture, medicine, engineering and technology are available. More than 5,000 employees. Nine times he was awarded the royal award.
Cost of education: from 15,000 pounds.
5. University of Glasgow, UK
Wikipedia The University of Glasgow is one of the oldest places of study in the UK. The fourth oldest university in the entire English-speaking world. Ranked among the top ten employers for research in the UK. There are many programs for study abroad, help with employment. The following areas are available: business, social sciences, art, humanities, language and culture, medicine, engineering and technology. You can also get a PhD.
Cost of education: from 13,750 pounds.
6. Humboldt University of Berlin, Germany
Studrada Founded in 1810. Then it was called "the mother of all modern universities." This university has great prestige. Here students are offered a comprehensive humanistic education. It was the first university of its kind in the world. Like other institutions on this list, you can get a doctoral degree, as well as a bachelor's and master's degree. 35,000 people gnaw at the granite of science at the university. It is unique in that only 200 people work here.
Cost of education: 294 euros per semester.
7. University of Twente, Netherlands
Wikipedia This Dutch university was founded in 1961. Initially operated as a technological university in order to increase the number of engineers. It is currently the only university in the Netherlands with its own campus. The number of places is limited - only 7,000 students. But 3,300 scientists and specialists work on the basis of the university.
Cost of education: 6,000–25,000 euros per year.
8. University of Bologna, Italy
Forum Vinsky One of the oldest universities in the world. Many believe that this university is the starting point and the basis of European culture. It is here that 198 different directions are offered to applicants annually. Over 5,000 employees and over 45,000 students.
Cost of education: from 600 euros per semester ( approximate price).
9. London School of Economics and Political Science, UK
Wikipedia It was founded in 1895 to help students specialize in the study of the social sciences. It has its own campus, which is located in the center of London. Here you can study criminology, anthropology, social psychology, international relations, sociology and many other sciences. About 10,000 students study and 1,500 employees work. It was this institution that gave the world 35 leaders and heads of state and 16 Nobel Prize winners.
Cost of education: £16,395 per year.
10. Catholic University of Leuven, Belgium
Wikimedia Founded in 1425. It is currently the largest university in Belgium. He has a very high rating, campuses are located throughout Brussels and Flanders. More than 70 international training programs. At the same time, 40,000 students study here and 5,000 employees work here.
Cost of education: 600 euros per year ( approximate cost).
11. ETH Zurich, Switzerland
It began its work in 1855 and today is one of the best universities in the world. The main campus is located in Zurich. The educational institution offers some of the best programs in physics, mathematics and chemistry. Over 20,000 students and 5,000 employees. For admission, you need to pass a test.
Cost of education: CHF 650 per semester ( approximate cost).
12. Ludwig University of Munich - Maximilian, Germany
Academician One of the oldest universities in Germany. Based in the capital of Bavaria - Munich. 34 Nobel Prize winners are alumni of this institution. The second largest university in Germany. 45,000 students and about 4,500 employees.
Cost of education: about 200 euros per semester.
13. Free University of Berlin, Germany
Tourist Founded after World War II, in 1948. One of the best universities in the world in terms of research work. It has international offices in Moscow, Cairo, Sao Paulo, New York, Brussels, Beijing and New Delhi. This allows us to support scientists and researchers and establish international relations. 150 different programs are offered. 2,500 employees and 30,000 students.
Cost of education: 292 euros per semester.
14. Freiburg University, Germany
Theologian It was created to enable students to study without political influence. The university cooperates with more than 600 scientists from all over the world. 20,000 students, 5,000 employees. Knowledge of the German language is required.
Cost of education: about 300 euros per semester ( approximate price).
15. University of Edinburgh, UK
Wikipedia Founded in 1582. Representatives of 2/3 of the nationalities of the whole world study here. However, 42% of students are from Scotland, 30% from the UK and only 18% from the rest of the world. 25,000 students, 3,000 employees. Famous alumni: Katherine Granger, JK Rowling, Charles Darwin, Conan Doyle, Chris Hoy and many others.
Cost of education: from £15,250 per year.
16. Federal Polytechnic School of Lausanne, Switzerland
Wikipedia This university is funded by the state and specializes in science, architecture and engineering. Here you can meet students from over 120 countries. 350 laboratories are based on the territory of this university. In 2012, this particular university filed 75 priority patents with 110 inventions. 8,000 students, 3,000 employees.
Cost of education: CHF 1,266 per year.
17. University College London, UK
british bridge Strategically located in the heart of London. Known for impressive research. This institute was the first to admit students of any class, race and religion. 5,000 employees and 25,000 students study at this university.
Cost of education: £16,250 per year.
18. Technical University of Berlin, Germany
Garant Tour This university played a big role in making Berlin one of the leading industrial cities in the world. It teaches students in the field of technology and natural sciences. 25,000 students and 5,000 employees.
Cost of education: about 300 euros per year.
19. University of Oslo, Norway
Wikipedia Founded in 1811, funded by the state, it is Norway's oldest institution. Here you can study business, social sciences and humanities, art, language and culture, medicine and technology. 49 Master programs in English. 40,000 students, more than 5,000 employees. Five scientists from this university have become Nobel Prize winners. And one of them won the Nobel Peace Prize.
Cost of education: no information.
20. University of Vienna, Austria
Academician Founded back in 1365, it is one of the oldest universities in the German-speaking countries. One of the largest universities in Central Europe. The largest scientific and pedagogical university in Austria. Its campuses are located in 60 locations. 45,000 students and over 5,000 employees.
Cost of education: about 350 euros per semester.
21. Imperial College London, UK
News in HD quality Imperial College London began offering its services in 1907 and celebrated its 100th anniversary as an institution in its own right. It used to be part of the University of London. This is one of the most prestigious universities in the UK. This college is related to the discovery of penicillin and the basics of fiber optics. There are eight campuses throughout London. 15,000 students, 4,000 employees.
Cost of education: from 25,000 pounds per year.
22. Barcelona University, Spain
Wikipedia The University of Barcelona was founded in 1450 in the city of Naples. Six campuses in the second largest city in Spain - Barcelona. Free courses in Spanish and Catalan. 45,000 students and 5,000 employees.
Cost of education: 19,000 euros per year.
23. Moscow State University, Russia
FEFU The university was founded in 1755 and is considered one of the oldest institutions in Russia. More than 10 research centers that provide practical assistance to students in research work. It is believed that the educational building of Moscow State University is the highest educational institution in the world. Over 30,000 students and up to 4,500 employees.
Cost of education: 320,000 rubles per year.
24. Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden
Wikipedia The largest and oldest technical university in Sweden. Emphasis is placed in the field of applied and practical science. Over 2,000 employees and 15,000 students. Compared to other universities in this part of the world, a large percentage of students are international.
Cost of education: from 10,000 euros per year.
25. Cambridge University, UK
Restbee Founded back in 1209. Always included in the list of leading universities in the world. 3,000 employees and 25,000 students from all over the world. 89 Nobel laureates. Cambridge graduates have the highest employment rate in the UK. A truly world class university.
Cost of education: from 13,500 pounds per year.
