Instructions on labor protection during the repair and maintenance of vehicles and tractors. On the entry into force of the instructions for the repair and maintenance of the automatic coupler of the rolling stock of railways

Instruction No.___

INSTRUCTIONS
on labor protection
for car repair and maintenance technicians

The instruction was drawn up in accordance with the "Typical instruction No. 2 on labor protection for mechanics for the repair and maintenance of a car" TOI R-200-02-95.

1. General safety requirements

1.1. The following employees are allowed to independently work on the repair and maintenance of vehicles:

• not younger than 18 years old;
• who have passed a preliminary (when hiring) and periodic (during work) medical examination and have no contraindications;
• having the appropriate qualifications;
• passed the introductory briefing and primary briefing at the workplace on labor protection;
• passed the test of knowledge on the management of load-lifting mechanisms.

1.2. A locksmith who has not undergone a timely re-instruction on labor protection (at least 1 time in 3 months) should not start work.

1.3. The locksmith must:

• comply with the internal labor regulations approved by the enterprise;
• observe fire safety rules, be able to use fire extinguishing means;
• smoking only in designated areas;
• during work, be attentive, not be distracted by extraneous matters and conversations;
• about observed violations of safety requirements at his workplace, as well as about malfunctions of devices, tools and personal protective equipment, the locksmith must inform his immediate supervisor and not start work until the observed violations and malfunctions are eliminated;
• follow the rules of personal hygiene. Before eating or smoking, wash your hands with soap and water, and when working with car parts that run on leaded gasoline, wash your hands with kerosene beforehand;
• for drinking, use water from devices specially designed for this purpose (saturators, drinking tanks, fountains, etc.).

1.4. The working time of a locksmith should not exceed 40 hours per week. The duration of daily work (shift) is determined by the internal labor regulations or shift schedules approved by the employer in agreement with the trade union committee.

1.5. The mechanic must know that the most dangerous and harmful production factors affecting him during the maintenance and repair of vehicles are:

• the car, its components and parts (during the repair process, the suspended vehicle or the components and parts removed from it may fall, which leads to broadcasting);
• equipment, tools and fixtures (garage-repair and technological equipment, tools, fixtures - the use of faulty equipment, tools and fixtures leads to injury. The locksmith is prohibited from using tools, fixtures, equipment, with which he is not trained and instructed);
• electric current (if the rules and precautions are not followed, it can have a dangerous and harmful effect on people, manifested in the form of electrical injuries (burns, electric signs, electroplating of the skin), electric shocks);
• leaded gasoline (it has a toxic effect on the human body when inhaling its vapors, contaminating the body, clothing, ingesting it with food or drinking water);
• illumination of the workplace and the serviced (repaired) unit, unit (insufficient (excessive) illumination causes deterioration (overstrain) of vision, fatigue).

1.6. The locksmith must work in special clothing and, if necessary, use other personal protective equipment.

1.7. In accordance with the "Model industry standards for the free issue of special clothing, special footwear and other personal protective equipment to workers and employees", PPE is issued to the locksmith.

When performing work on disassembling engines, transporting, carrying and washing parts of engines running on leaded gasoline:

• viscose-dacron suit;
• rubber apron;
• rubber boots;
• rubber gloves.

When performing dismantling, repair and maintenance of vehicles and units:

• viscose-dacron suit;
• combined gloves.

When working with leaded gasoline additionally:

• rubberized apron;
• rubber gloves.

For outdoor work in winter additionally:

• cotton jacket with insulating lining;
• cotton trousers with insulating lining.

1.8. For non-compliance with the requirements of the Instruction, the locksmith is liable in accordance with current legislation.

2. Safety requirements before starting work

2.1. Before starting work, the mechanic must put on special clothes and fasten the cuffs of the sleeves.

2.2. Inspect and prepare your workplace, remove all unnecessary items without cluttering up the aisles.

2.3. Check the availability and serviceability of tools, devices, while:

• wrenches should not have cracks and nicks, the jaws of the keys should be parallel and not rolled up;
• sliding keys must not be loosened in moving parts;
• metalwork hammers and sledgehammers should have a slightly convex, not oblique and not knocked down, without cracks and work hardening, the surface of the striker, should be securely fastened to the handles by wedging with pointed wedges;
• the handles of hammers and sledgehammers must have a smooth surface;
• percussion instruments (chisels, crosscuts, barbs, cores, etc.) must not have cracks, burrs and work hardening. Chisels must be at least 150 mm long;
• files, chisels and other tools should not have a pointed non-working surface, be securely fixed on a wooden handle with a metal ring on it;
• the power tool must have good insulation of live parts and reliable grounding.

2.4. Check the condition of the floor in the workplace. The floor must be dry and clean. If the floor is wet or slippery, demand that it be mopped or sprinkled with sawdust, or do it yourself.

2.5. Before using a portable lamp, check whether the lamp has a protective net, whether the cord and the insulating rubber tube are in good condition. Portable lamps must be connected to the mains with a voltage not exceeding 42 V.

3. Safety requirements during work

3.1. During work, the locksmith must:

3.1.1. All types of maintenance and repair of vehicles on the territory of the enterprise should be carried out only at places (posts) specially designed for this purpose.

3.1.2. Start maintenance and repair of the car only after it has been cleaned of dirt, snow and washed.

3.1.3. After placing the car at the maintenance or repair station, it is imperative to check whether it is braked by the parking brake, whether the ignition is turned off (if the fuel supply is shut off in a car with a diesel engine), whether the gearshift lever (controller) is set to the neutral position, whether the consumable and main valves on gas-balloon vehicles, whether special wheel chocks (shoes), at least two, are placed under the wheels. In case of non-compliance with the specified security measures, do it yourself.

Hang a sign on the steering wheel “Do not start the engine! People are working." On a car with a backup device for starting the engine, hang a similar plate next to this device.

3.1.4. After lifting the car with a lift, hang a sign on the lift control panel “Do not touch! People are working under the car! ”, and when lifting with a hydraulic lift, after raising it, fix the lift with a stop against spontaneous lowering.

3.1.5. Car repairs from below outside the inspection ditch, overpass or lift should be carried out only on a sunbed.

3.1.6. For safe passage through the inspection ditches, as well as for work in front and behind the vehicle, use walkways, and for descending into the inspection ditch, use ladders specially installed for this purpose.

3.1.7. Remove or install the wheel together with the brake drum using a special trolley. If the removal of the hubs is difficult, use special pullers to remove them.

3.1.8. All work on the maintenance and repair of the car to be carried out with the engine off, with the exception of work, the technology of which requires starting the engine. Such work should be carried out at special posts, where exhaust gas extraction is provided.

3.1.9. To start the engine and move the car, contact the driver, driver, foreman or locksmith appointed by order of the enterprise to perform this work.

3.1.10. Before starting the engine, make sure that the shift lever (controller) is in the neutral position and that no one is under the vehicle or near the rotating parts of the engine.

Inspection of the car from below is carried out only when the engine is not running.

3.1.11. Before turning the cardan shaft, check that the ignition is switched off, and for a diesel engine, check that there is no fuel supply. Set the gearshift lever to neutral position and release the parking brake. After carrying out the necessary work, apply the parking brake again.

Turn the cardan shaft only with the help of a special tool.

3.1.12. Remove the engine from the car and install it on it only when the car is on wheels or on special stands - tragus.

3.1.13. Before removing the wheels, place under the suspended part of the car, trailer, semi-trailer traguses of the appropriate carrying capacity and lower the suspended part onto them, and install special wheel chocks (shoes) in the amount of at least two under the non-lifting wheels.

3.1.14. To drive the car to the parking lot inside the enterprise and check the brakes on the go, call an on-duty or assigned driver.

3.1.15. When disassembling and assembling and other fastening operations that require great physical effort, use pullers, wrenches, etc. If necessary, hard-to-turn nuts should be pre-moistened with kerosene or a special compound (Unisma, VTV, etc.).

3.1.16. Before starting work with the lifting mechanism, make sure that it is in good condition and that the weight of the lifted unit complies with the lifting capacity indicated on the stencil of the lifting mechanism, whether the test period has expired, and on removable load gripping devices - the presence of tags indicating the permissible weight of the lifted load.

3.1.17. For removal and installation of components and assemblies weighing 20 kg or more (for women 10 kg, lifting and moving weights when alternating with other work (up to 2 times per hour), if lifting and moving weights is carried out constantly during the shift - 7 kg.) use lifting mechanisms equipped with special devices (grabs), other auxiliary means of mechanization.

3.1.18. When moving parts manually, be careful, as the part (unit) can interfere with the view of the movement path, distract from observing the movement and create an unstable body position.

3.1.19. Before removing units and assemblies associated with power, cooling and lubrication systems, when liquid leakage is possible, first drain fuel, oil or coolant from them into a special container.

3.1.20. Before removing the gas equipment, cylinders or tightening the nuts of the connections, make sure that there is no gas in them.

3.1.21. Before removing the spring, be sure to unload it from the weight of the car by raising the front or rear of the car and then installing the frame on the trestle.

3.1.22. When working on a tilting stand, securely fasten the car, first draining the fuel and coolant, close the oil filler tightly and remove the battery.

3.1.23. When repairing and servicing buses and trucks with high bodies, use scaffolds or stepladders.

3.1.24. To carry out work under the raised body of a dump truck or dump trailer and when replacing or repairing the lifting mechanism or its units, first free the body from the load, it is imperative to install an additional inventory device (stop, clamp, bar).

3.1.25. Before repairing a tank car for the transportation of flammable, explosive, toxic, etc. goods, as well as tanks for their storage, completely clear the residues of the above products.

3.1.26. Carry out cleaning or repairs inside the tank or tank from leaded gasoline, flammable and poisonous liquids in special clothing, with a gas mask, a rescue belt with a rope; a specially instructed assistant should be outside the tank.

The gas mask hose must be brought out through the hatch (manhole) and fixed on the windward side.

A strong rope is attached to the worker's belt inside the tank, the free end of which must be brought out through the hatch (hole) and securely fastened. The assistant, who is at the top, must watch the worker, hold the rope, insuring the worker in the tank.

3.1.27. Repair fuel tanks only after complete removal of fuel residues and neutralization.

3.1.28. Carry out maintenance and repair work on refrigerated vehicles in accordance with the current safety regulations for their repair.

3.1.29. Before carrying out maintenance and repair work on vehicles running on gas fuel, first raise the hood to ventilate the engine compartment.

3.1.30. Drain (release) the gas from the cylinders of the car, on which work is to be carried out related to troubleshooting the gas supply system or its removal, on a specially designated bridge (post), and blow the cylinders with compressed air, nitrogen or other inert gas.

3.1.31. Work on the removal, installation and repair of gas equipment should be carried out only with the help of special devices, tools and equipment.

3.1.32. Check the tightness of the gas system with compressed air, nitrogen or other inert gases with the supply valves closed and the main valves open.

3.1.33. Fasten the hoses on the fittings with clamps.

3.1.34. Clean up spilled oil or fuel with sand or sawdust, which should be placed outdoors in metal boxes with lids after use.

3.1.35. During operation, position the tool so that there is no need to reach for it.

3.1.36. Correctly select the size of the wrench, preferably use box and socket wrenches, and in hard-to-reach places - wrenches with ratchet or with a hinged head.

3.1.37. Correctly apply the wrench to the nut, do not tighten the nut with a jerk.

3.1.38. When working with a chisel or other chopping tool, use goggles to protect your eyes from metal particles, and also put a protective washer on the chisel to protect your hands.

3.1.39. Press out tight pins and bushings only with the help of special tools.

3.1.40. Put the components and assemblies removed from the vehicle on special stable stands, and lay long parts only horizontally.

3.1.41. Check the alignment of the holes with a conical mandrel.

3.1.42. When working on drilling machines, place small parts in a vise or special devices.

3.1.43. Remove chips from drilled holes only after retracting the tool and stopping the machine.

3.1.44. When working on a grinding machine, you should stand on the side, and not against the rotating abrasive wheel, while using goggles or screens. The gap between the handpiece and the abrasive wheel should not exceed 3 mm.

3.1.45. When working with a power tool with a voltage of more than 42 V, use protective equipment (dielectric rubber gloves, galoshes, rugs) issued together with the power tool.

3.1.46. Connect the power tool to the mains only with a working plug connector.

3.1.47. In the event of a power outage or a break in operation, unplug the power tool from the mains.

3.1.48. Remove dust and chips from a workbench, equipment, or part with a basting brush or metal hook.

3.1.49. Remove used cleaning material in metal boxes specially installed for this purpose and close with a lid.

3.1.50. If gasoline or other flammable liquid has come into contact with the body and personal protective equipment, do not approach an open flame, do not smoke or light matches.

3.1.51. When working with leaded gasoline or engine parts running on leaded gasoline, observe the following requirements:

• neutralize parts with kerosene;
• immediately remove spilled gasoline, and neutralize this place with a solution of bleach;
• pour leaded gasoline using a special tool.

3.1.52. Move units hung on lifting and transport mechanisms using hooks and braces.

3.2. The locksmith is prohibited from:

• perform work under a car or a unit hung only on a lifting mechanism (except for stationary electric lifts) without supporting tragus or other safety devices;
• lift the units with an oblique tension of the cable or chain of the lifting mechanism, as well as moor the units with a sling, wire, etc.;
• work under a raised body of a dump truck, dump trailer without a special inventory fixing device;
• use random coasters and pads instead of a special additional stop;
• work with damaged or incorrectly installed stops;
• perform any work on gas equipment or cylinders under pressure;
• carry an electric tool, holding it by the cable, as well as touch the rotating parts with your hand until they stop;
• blow off dust and chips with compressed air, direct a stream of air at people standing nearby or at yourself;
• store oiled cleaning materials at the workplace and store clean cleaning materials with used ones;
• use leaded gasoline for washing parts, hands, etc.; suck gasoline with your mouth through a hose;
• wash units, components and parts, etc. with flammable liquids;
• clutter up the passages between the racks and exits from the premises with materials, equipment, containers, removed units, etc.;
• store used oil, empty containers from fuel and lubricants;
• take out special clothes contaminated with leaded gasoline from the enterprise, as well as enter the canteen and office premises in it;
• use ladders;
• release compressed gas into the atmosphere or drain liquefied gas to the ground;
• when opening and closing the main and supply valves, use additional levers;
• use wire or other objects to fasten hoses;
• twist, flatten and bend hoses and tubes, use oily hoses;
• use nuts and bolts with crumpled edges;
• hold small parts with your hands when drilling them;
• install gaskets between the jaw of the key and the edges of nuts, bolts, as well as build up the keys with pipes or other objects;
• use dry bleach to neutralize a sheet doused with leaded gasoline;
• units hung on lifting mechanisms to push or pull by hand;
• work when receiving a signal about the movement of the conveyor.

4. Safety requirements in emergency situations

4.1. The locksmith must immediately inform the employer about each accident that he witnessed, and provide the victim with first aid, call a doctor or help deliver the victim to a health center or the nearest medical facility.

If the accident occurred to the locksmith himself, he should, if possible, contact the health center, report the incident to the employer or ask someone around to do it.

4.2. In the event of a fire, immediately inform the fire brigade, the employer and start extinguishing the fire with the available fire extinguishing equipment.

5. Safety requirements at the end of work

5.1. At the end of the work, the locksmith must:

• disconnect electrical equipment from the mains, turn off local ventilation;
• tidy up the workplace. Remove fixtures, tools in the place provided for them;
• if the car remains on special supports (traguses), check the reliability of its installation. It is forbidden to leave the car, the unit hung out only by the lifting mechanism;
• remove personal protective equipment and put them in the place intended for them. Timely hand over special clothing and other personal protective equipment for dry cleaning (laundry) and repair;
• wash your hands with soap, and after working with parts and assemblies of an engine running on leaded gasoline, you must first wash your hands with kerosene;
• notify your immediate supervisor of any shortcomings discovered during work.

Unofficial edition

Instruction

on labor protection for

maintenance and repair personnel

thermal point.

1. General safety requirements.

1.1. Work on the repair and operation of the heating point is allowed for workers at least 18 years of age who have passed a medical examination and safety briefing.

1.2. Prior to being assigned to independent work, personnel must complete training and pass a knowledge test in the commission on electrical safety rules with the assignment of the first qualification group to them.

1.3. Personnel for the repair and maintenance of heat-consuming installations are allowed to work independently by a written order of the head of the site.

1.4. Periodic testing of knowledge of the personnel for the maintenance of the heating point is carried out by the commission of the enterprise once every 12 months.

Extraordinary examination of knowledge is carried out:

When new instructions come into force;

After an accident and an accident in boiler installations;

When establishing the facts of unsatisfactory knowledge of the instructions and safety rules by the driver.

1.5. Rights and obligations.

During the period of their duty, the personnel has the right to demand from the site management:

Provision of boiler instrumentation, tools, fixtures, inventory, operational logs and other means necessary for normal and safe operation;

Require the management of the site to timely eliminate equipment defects that arise in the course of work;

To carry out and stop equipment (boilers, pumps), depending on the situation, to ensure the normal supply of hot water to consumers;

Notify the management of the enterprise about all violations of the normal operation of the installation at any time of the day;

Requirement from the management of the provision of special Clothing and protective equipment in accordance with existing standards.

1.6. During the period of their duty, the maintenance personnel of the heating point are obliged to:

Uninterruptedly provide consumers with hot water at a temperature of 50-55 ° C with a minimum consumption of overheated water;

By systematic inspection of equipment and analysis of water parameters for the consumer, ensure its trouble-free operation;

If defects are found in the operation of the equipment, preventing its failure, put into operation the reserve equipment and stop the equipment with defects, in the absence of a reserve of defects, stop the equipment and organize its repair through the head of the section;

Monitor the temperature of the water coming from the boilers;

Maintain an operational (shift) journal, in which, with the indication of time, record the execution of operations for starting and stopping equipment, for switching in schemes, the nature of emergency situations, the main parameters of the boiler room during the shift, it is also necessary to record the contents of the oral orders of the enterprise management in the operational journal .

2. Responsibilities before starting work.

2.1. The personnel for the maintenance of heating points is obliged to arrive at the shift in advance and must, by inspection, familiarize themselves with the condition of the equipment both according to the K.I.P. and according to the entries in the operational log with the operating mode of the boiler room.

2.2. Personnel are obliged to check the availability and serviceability of instrumentation, tools, inventory, diagrams, instructions, fire extinguishing equipment.

2.3. The personnel must receive from the shift manager information about the operation of the installations and the order of higher managers.

2.4. The personnel handing over the shift is obliged, before handing over the shift, to prepare the boiler room for work without violating the regime and safety rules, to ensure cleanliness and order in the workplace.

2.5. Acceptance and delivery of the shift during the emergency mode is not allowed.

2.6. For all violations and omissions not identified when accepting a shift, the responsibility is borne by the personnel who carelessly accepted the shift.

2.7. Acceptance and delivery of the shift is made out by hand in the shift log.

3. Responsibilities during work.

3.1. The workplace of the personnel for servicing the boiler plant is the entire room in which the equipment and communications necessary to obtain hot water are located, as well as the adjacent territory, if there are tanks - accumulators and shut-off and control valves.

3.2. The regulation of the temperature of hot water to the consumer in the boiler room, which does not have automatic regulators, is done manually by the operator, by changing the degree of opening of the valves at the water inlet to the boiler.

3.3. When the temperature of hot water rises above 60 ° C, close the valves, when it drops below 50 ° C, open.

3.4. When the pressure of hot water on the consumer drops to 3 kg / cm 2, put the feed pump into operation.

3.5. At low consumption of hot water by consumers, it is provided using only the pressure in the water supply, preventing unnecessary consumption of electricity for make-up.

3.6. With the complete cessation of the analysis of hot water (at night), the valves at the inlet of superheated water in the boiler are completely closed. In summer, to ensure the circulation of superheated water in the system, the valves before and after the boilers must be left open.

4. Safety requirements in emergency situations.

4.1. In the event of a rupture of the superheated water pipeline within the boiler room, the appearance of fistulas, a violation of the tightness of the joints, accompanying a strong leak of hot water, the operator is obliged to urgently turn off the damaged section of the heating network and notify the management, and the operator must, if possible, take measures so that water does not get on electrical equipment.

4.2. If smoke or fire appears from the electric motor, turn off the electric motor immediately, start extinguishing the fire using a carbon dioxide fire extinguisher or sand.

After removing the voltage from the electric motor by an electrician, it is allowed to eliminate the fire with water.

4.3. In the event of a fire in the boiler room, take measures to eliminate it with primary fire extinguishing equipment, call the fire brigade, notify the management.

4.4. In case of burns, it is necessary to free the affected area from clothing, shoes. Bandage the burnt surface with a sterile bandage and contact a medical institution. Notify the master.

4.5. In case of severe mechanical injuries, put the victim in a safe place, give him a comfortable and calm position and call an ambulance (notify the work manager).

4.6. In case of electric shock, first of all, release the victim from the action of electric current (disconnect the equipment from the mains, separate the victim from current-carrying parts with insulating devices (boards, dry clothes, rubber gloves, rubber mats). If the victim has lost consciousness, but breathes, he must be laid in a comfortable position, unfasten the collar, give fresh air.If there is no breathing, the pulse is not palpable, the victim should immediately start artificial respiration, preferably using the "mouth to mouth" method before the doctor arrives.

5 Responsibilities at the end of work (shift)

5.1. Hand over the shift to the partner, sign in the journal of acceptance and delivery of shifts.

5.2. To take a shower

Responsibility.

For violation of this instruction, the boiler room operator bears disciplinary and material liability in accordance with the internal regulations of the enterprise, if his actions and the consequences of the violation entail stricter liability up to criminal.

instruction

made up

Agreed

HSE Engineer

PROJECTS OF THE GROUP OF COMPANIES
"Regional Center for Innovative Technologies"
Instruction
auto coupler repair and maintenance
mobile railways
Chapter 1. GENERAL PROVISIONS

Labor protection instruction
during the repair and maintenance of vehicles

1. General requirements for labor protection

1.1 Individuals who have the appropriate qualifications, who have passed a medical examination, introductory briefing, initial briefing, training and internship at the workplace, testing knowledge of labor protection requirements, requirements for managing load-lifting mechanisms are allowed to independently work on the repair and maintenance of vehicles.
1.2 When working on the repair and maintenance of vehicles, the employee must:
1.2.1 Perform only the work specified in the work instruction;
1.2.2 Comply with the internal labor regulations;
1.2.3 Properly apply personal and collective protective equipment;
1.2.4 Comply with labor protection requirements;
1.2.5 Immediately inform your immediate or superior manager about any situation that threatens the life and health of people, about each accident that occurred at work, or about the deterioration of your health, including the manifestation of signs of an acute occupational disease (poisoning);
1.2.6 To be trained in safe methods and techniques for performing work and providing first aid to victims at work, instructing in labor protection, testing knowledge of labor protection requirements;
1.2.7 To undergo mandatory periodic (during employment) medical examinations (examinations), as well as to undergo extraordinary medical examinations (examinations) at the direction of the employer in cases provided for by the Labor Code and other federal laws.
1.2.8 Be able to provide first aid to victims of electric current and other accidents;
1.2.9 Be able to use primary fire extinguishing means;
1.3 During the repair and maintenance of vehicles of the following hazardous and harmful production factors:
- moving machines and mechanisms;
- falling of the suspended car or components and parts removed from it;
- increased voltage in the electrical circuit, the closure of which can occur through the human body;
- increased or decreased air temperature of the working area;
- sharp edges, burrs and roughness on the surfaces of workpieces, tools and equipment;
- insufficient or excessive illumination of workplaces;
leaded gasoline;
- the appearance in the work area of ​​explosive, flammable environments;
- harmful substances (leaded gasoline, which causes poisoning by inhalation of its vapors, contamination of the body, clothing, ingestion with food or drinking water).
1.4 When working on the repair and maintenance of vehicles, the employee must be provided with overalls, safety shoes and other personal protective equipment in accordance with the Model Industry Standards for the free issue of special clothing, special footwear and other personal protective equipment and the Collective Agreement.
1.10 In case of injury or indisposition, it is necessary to stop work, notify the work manager and contact a medical institution.
1.11 For non-compliance with this instruction, the perpetrators are held liable in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

2. Labor protection requirements before starting work

2.1 Put work clothes in order: fasten cuffs; fill the clothes so that there are no hanging ends; keep your hair under a tight-fitting headdress.
When repairing vehicles running on leaded gasoline, wear rubber boots, oversleeves, and rubber gloves.
It is forbidden to work in light footwear (slippers, sandals, etc.).
2.2 Check the availability and serviceability of hand tools, devices and personal protective equipment, namely:
- wrenches must match the size of the nuts and not have cracks and nicks, the jaws of the keys must be strictly parallel and not rolled up;
- sliding keys must not be loosened in moving parts;
- laying pads between the jaws of the keys and the head of the bolt, as well as lengthening the handles of the keys with the help of pipes and bolts or other objects is prohibited;
- metalwork hammers and sledgehammers must have a slightly convex, not oblique and not knocked down, without cracks, the surface of the striker, must be securely fixed on the handles by wedging with completed wedges;
- the handles of hammers and sledgehammers must have a smooth surface and be made of hard and viscous wood;
- percussion instruments (chisels, crosscuts, barbs, punches, center punches, etc.) should not have cracks, burrs and work hardening. Chisels must be at least 150 mm long;
- files, chisels and other tools should not have a pointed non-working surface, they should be securely fixed on a wooden handle with a metal end on it;
- the power tool must have good insulation of current-carrying parts and reliable grounding.
2.3 Carefully inspect the workplace, put it in proper order. Remove all foreign objects interfering with the work. Check the condition of the floor in the workplace. The floor must be dry and clean. If the floor is wet or slippery, wipe it down or sprinkle it with sawdust.
2.4 Make sure that the workplace is sufficiently lit and the light does not blind the eyes.
2.5 Prepare bedding for working under the car (beds or special carts).
2.6 Do not allow unauthorized persons to your workplace.
2.7 When starting to repair the car, make sure that the fuel tanks and fuel lines are free from gasoline residues.
2.8 Before using the portable lamp, check if the lamp has a protective net, if the cord and insulating rubber tube are in good condition. Portable lamps must be connected to the mains with a voltage not exceeding 42 V.

3. Labor protection requirements during work

3.1. While working on the repair and maintenance of vehicles, the employee must:
3.1.1. All types of maintenance and repair of vehicles on the territory of the enterprise should be carried out only at places (posts) specially designed for this purpose.
3.1.2. Start maintenance and repair of the car only after it has been cleaned of dirt, snow and washed.
3.1.3. After placing the car at the maintenance or repair station, it is imperative to check whether it is braked by the parking brake, whether the ignition is turned off (if the fuel supply is shut off in a car with a diesel engine), whether the gearshift lever (controller) is set to the neutral position, whether the consumable and main valves on gas-balloon vehicles, whether special wheel chocks (shoes) (at least two) are placed under the wheels. In case of non-compliance with the specified security measures, do it yourself.
Hang a sign on the steering wheel "Do not start the engine - people are working!". On a car with a backup device for starting the engine, hang a similar plate next to this device.
3.1.4. After lifting the car with a lift, hang a sign on the lift control panel “Do not touch - people are working under the car!”, And when lifting with a hydraulic lift after lifting it, fix the lift with a stop against spontaneous lowering.
3.1.5. Car repairs from below outside the inspection ditch, overpass or lift should be carried out only on a sunbed.
3.1.6. For safe passage through the inspection ditches, as well as for work in front and behind the vehicle, use the transitional bridges, and for descending into the inspection ditch - ladders specially installed for this purpose.
3.1.7. Remove or install the wheel together with the brake drum using a special trolley. If the removal of the hubs is difficult, use special pullers to remove them.
3.1.8. All work on the maintenance and repair of the car to be carried out with the engine off, with the exception of work, the technology of which requires starting the engine. Such work should be carried out at special posts, where exhaust gas extraction is provided.
3.1.9. To start the engine and move the car, contact the driver, driver, foreman or mechanic appointed by order to perform this work.
3.1.10. Before starting the engine, make sure that the shift lever (controller) is in the neutral position and that no one is under the vehicle or near the rotating parts of the engine.
Inspection of the car from below is carried out only when the engine is not running.
3.1.11. Before turning the propeller shaft, check that the ignition is off, and for a diesel engine, that there is no fuel supply. Set the gearshift lever to neutral position and release the parking brake. After carrying out the necessary work, apply the parking brake again.
Turn the cardan shaft only with the help of a special tool.
3.1.12. Remove the engine from the car and install it on it only when the car is on wheels or on special stands - tragus.
3.1.13. Before removing the wheels, place under the suspended part of the car, trailer, semi-trailer traguses of the appropriate carrying capacity and lower the suspended part onto them, and install special wheel chocks (shoes) in the amount of at least two under the non-lifting wheels.
3.1.14. To drive the car to the parking lot inside the enterprise and check the brakes on the go, call an on-duty or assigned driver.
3.1.15. When disassembling and assembling and other fastening operations that require great physical effort, use pullers, wrenches, etc. Hard-to-remove nuts, if necessary, pre-moisten with kerosene or a special compound (Unisma, VTV, etc.).
3.1.16. Before starting work with the lifting mechanism, make sure that it is in good condition and that the weight of the lifted unit corresponds to the lifting capacity indicated on the stencil of the lifting mechanism, whether the test period has expired, and on removable load gripping devices, check for labels indicating the permissible weight of the lifted load.
3.1.17. To remove and install components and assemblies weighing 20 kg or more (for women 10 kg), use lifting mechanisms equipped with special devices (grabs), other auxiliary means of mechanization.
3.1.18. When moving parts manually, be careful, as the part (unit) can interfere with the view of the movement path, distract from observing the movement and create an unstable body position.
3.1.19. Before removing units and assemblies associated with power, cooling and lubrication systems, when liquid leakage is possible, first drain fuel, oil or coolant from them into a special container.
3.1.20. Before removing gas equipment, cylinders or tightening the nuts of the connections, make sure that there is no gas in them.
3.1.21. Before removing the spring, be sure to unload it from the weight of the car by raising the front or rear of the car and then installing the frame on the trestle.
3.1.22. When working on a tilting stand, securely fasten the car, first draining the fuel and coolant, close the oil filler tightly and remove the battery.
3.1.23. When repairing and servicing buses and trucks with high bodies, use scaffolds or stepladders.
3.1.24. To carry out work under the raised body of a dump truck or dump trailer and when replacing or repairing the lifting mechanism or its units, first free the body from the load, it is imperative to install an additional inventory device (stop, clamp, bar).
3.1.25. Before repair, tank cars for the transportation of flammable, explosive, toxic, etc. cargo, as well as tanks for their storage, must be completely cleared of the remains of the above products.
3.1.26. Carry out cleaning or repairs inside the tank or tank from leaded gasoline, flammable and poisonous liquids in special clothing, with a gas mask, a rescue belt with a rope; a specially instructed assistant should be outside the tank.
The gas mask hose must be brought out through the hatch (manhole) and fixed on the windward side.
A strong rope is attached to the worker's belt inside the tank, the free end of which must be brought out through the hatch (hole) and securely fastened. The assistant, who is at the top, must watch the worker, hold the rope, insuring the worker in the tank.
3.1.27. Repair fuel tanks only after complete removal of fuel residues and neutralization.
3.1.28. Before carrying out maintenance and repair work on vehicles running on gas fuel, first raise the hood to ventilate the engine compartment.
3.1.29. Drain (release) the gas from the cylinders of the car, on which work is to be carried out related to troubleshooting the gas supply system or its removal, at a specially designated place (post), and blow the cylinders with compressed air, nitrogen or other inert gas.
3.1.30. Work on the removal, installation and repair of gas equipment should be carried out only with the help of special devices, tools and equipment.
3.1.31. Check the tightness of the gas system with compressed air, nitrogen or other inert gases with the supply valves closed and the main valves open.
3.1.32. Fasten the hoses on the fittings with clamps.
3.1.33. Clean up spilled oil or fuel with sand or sawdust, which should be placed outdoors in metal boxes with lids after use.
3.1.34. During operation, position the tool so that there is no need to reach for it.
3.1.35. Correctly select the size of the wrench, preferably use box and socket wrenches, and in hard-to-reach places - wrenches with ratchet or with a hinged head.
3.1.36. Correctly apply the wrench to the nut, do not tighten the nut with a jerk.
3.1.37. When working with a chisel or other chopping tool, use goggles to protect your eyes from metal particles, and also put a protective washer on the chisel to protect your hands.
3.1.38. Press out tight pins and bushings only with the help of special tools.
3.1.39. Put the components and assemblies removed from the vehicle on special stable stands, and lay long parts only horizontally.
3.1.40. Check the alignment of the holes with a conical mandrel.
3.1.41. When working on drilling machines, place small parts in a vise or special devices.
4.1.42. Remove chips from drilled holes only after retracting the tool and stopping the machine.
3.1.43. When working on a grinding machine, you should stand on the side, and not against the rotating abrasive wheel, while using goggles or screens. The gap between the handpiece and the abrasive wheel should not exceed 3 mm.
3.1.44. When working with a power tool with a voltage of more than 42 V, use protective equipment (dielectric rubber gloves, galoshes, rugs) issued together with the power tool.
3.1.45. Connect the power tool to the mains only with a working plug connector.
3.1.46. In the event of a power outage or a break in operation, unplug the power tool from the mains.
3.1.47. Remove dust and chips from a workbench, equipment, or part with a basting brush or metal hook.
3.1.48. Clean the used cleaning material in metal boxes specially installed for this purpose and cover with a lid.
3.1.49. If gasoline or other flammable liquid has come into contact with the body and personal protective equipment, do not approach an open flame, do not smoke or light matches.
3.1.50. When working with leaded gasoline or engine parts running on leaded gasoline, observe the following requirements:
neutralize parts with kerosene;
immediately remove spilled gasoline, and neutralize this place with a solution of bleach;
pour leaded gasoline using a special tool.
3.1.51. Move units hung on lifting and transport mechanisms using hooks and braces.
3.2. The employee is prohibited from:
- perform work under a car or a unit hung only on a lifting mechanism (except for stationary electric lifts) without tragus support or other safety devices;
- lift the units with an oblique tension of the cable or chain of the lifting mechanism, as well as moor the units with a sling, wire, etc.;
- work under a raised body of a dump truck, dump trailer without a special inventory fixing device;
- use random stands and pads instead of a special additional stop;
- work with damaged or incorrectly installed stops;
- perform any work on gas equipment or cylinders under pressure;
- carry an electric tool, holding it by the cable, as well as touch the rotating parts with your hand until they stop;
- blow off dust and shavings with compressed air, direct a stream of air at people standing nearby or at yourself;
- store oiled cleaning materials at the workplace and store clean cleaning materials together with used ones;
- use leaded gasoline for washing parts, hands, etc.;
- suck gasoline with your mouth through a hose;
- wash units, components and parts, etc. with flammable liquids;
- block up the passages between the racks and exits from the premises with materials, equipment, containers, removed units, etc.;
- store used oil, empty containers from fuel and lubricants;
- take out special clothes contaminated with leaded gasoline from the enterprise, as well as enter the canteen and office premises in it;
- use ladders;
- release compressed gas into the atmosphere or drain liquefied gas to the ground;
- when opening and closing the main and consumable valves, use additional levers;
- use wire or other objects to fasten the hoses;
- twist, flatten and bend hoses and tubes, use oily hoses;
- use nuts and bolts with crumpled edges;
- hold small parts with your hands when drilling them;
- install gaskets between the jaw of the key and the edges of nuts, bolts, as well as increase the keys with pipes or other objects;
- use dry bleach to neutralize a sheet doused with leaded gasoline;
- push or pull the units hung on lifting mechanisms by hand;
- work when receiving a signal about the movement of the conveyor.

4. Labor protection requirements in emergency situations

4.1 In the event of accidents and situations that can lead to accidents and accidents, it is necessary:
4.1.1 Immediately stop work and notify the work manager.
4.1.2 Under the guidance of the work manager, promptly take measures to eliminate the causes of accidents or situations that can lead to accidents or accidents.
4.2 In the event of a fire, smoke:
4.2.1 Immediately inform the fire brigade by phone "01", notify the workers, notify the head of the unit, report the fire to the security post.
4.2.2 Open emergency exits from the building, turn off the power supply, close windows and close doors.
4.2.3 Start extinguishing the fire with primary fire extinguishing equipment, if this does not involve a risk to life.
4.2.4 Organize a fire brigade meeting.
4.2.5 Leave the building and be in the evacuation zone.
4.3 In the event of an accident:
4.3.1 Immediately organize first aid to the victim and, if necessary, deliver him to a medical organization.
4.3.2 Take urgent measures to prevent the development of an emergency or other emergency and the impact of traumatic factors on other persons.
4.3.3 Preserve prior to the investigation of the accident the situation as it was at the time of the incident, if it does not threaten the life and health of other persons and does not lead to a catastrophe, accident or other emergency, and if it is impossible to maintain it, record the current situation (draw up schemes, conduct other activities).

5. Labor protection requirements at the end of work

Upon completion of work, the employee must:
5.1.1 Disconnect electrical equipment from the mains, turn off local ventilation.
5.1.2 Tidy up the workplace. Remove fixtures and tools in the place provided for them.
5.1.3 If the car remains on special stands (tragus), check the reliability of its installation. It is forbidden to leave the car, the unit hung out only with a lifting mechanism.
5.1.4 Remove personal protective equipment and put them in the place intended for them.
5.1.5 Wash your hands with soap, and after working with parts and assemblies of an engine running on leaded gasoline, you must first wash your hands with kerosene.
5.1.6 Notify your immediate supervisor of all shortcomings found during work.

Books were, are and remain actual gifts. They are still in demand, even despite the availability of modern technology and a huge number of electronic publications. Subject books (for example, manuals for cars) are also very popular, and the demand for them is stable. Why?

Everything is very simple. Any car owner wants to always have a manual or instruction with him on the road. And how else to learn about all the possibilities and features of the "iron horse", if not from the car's operating instructions? The growing demand for such literature allows our online store to constantly replenish its book showcase. On our site you can find a wide range of manuals that relate to the operation of the car, its maintenance and repair.

Fresh editions appear on the market, which accompany the novelties of the automotive world. But the old guidelines do not lose their relevance. Of course, in order for the “iron friend” to always be on the go, the owner often has to resort to the car’s operating instructions, where he can gain the necessary knowledge and some useful repair tips.

You can make a purchase of a manual in our online store in a matter of minutes. Within a week, the instruction manual for the car will be brought to you. If you are interested in a special edition of the manual for a particular model, delivery may take longer.

Modern auto repair books have everything you need: clear and competent texts are accompanied by illustrations and diagrams. Our online store sells literature on the operation of cars, which is perfect for both beginners and experienced drivers. With such a hint, you can independently carry out a simple repair of any car.

Machine repair guides may be published several times. You should pay attention to this before buying. Usually those books that are popular are republished. Repair literature can be either a translation of the original or a domestic edition. All repair materials are conveniently located on the pages. If you are still lost in doubt and do not know what to give a car enthusiast, a repair guide will help you solve this problem.