The most fertile time is coming in your garden when you enjoy the fruits of your labor in the literal and figurative sense: a crop of vegetables ripens in the beds, an unprecedented crop of apples, pears, grapes in the garden, and from the colorful flower beds and flower beds - your head is spinning. The end of August is the best time to prepare for the next season, so along with preparations for the future, you can find time for collecting flower seeds. So you can save a little the family budget, as well as provide friends and neighbors with the flowers you like.
Let's just say that not all flower seeds suitable for collection. First of all, in the so-called F1 hybrids, parental traits are not inherited, and as a result, completely new varieties of flowers can be obtained with traits that differ from the parental ones. Therefore, if you do not like such surprises, then propagate such plants with cuttings. This, for example, applies to hybrid petunias.
In addition, some varieties of flowers growing in a flower bed in the neighborhood may be pollinated. This can also be attributed to petunias. But if you wish, you can find a way out - experienced flower growers use protective gauze caps for flowers intended for collecting seeds, pollinating these flowers manually. Or you can just plant one variety of flowers in a flower bed. In this case, cross-pollination of flowers does not threaten.
How to collect flower seeds?
In order for the seeds you have collected to have high germination, collect the seeds on time, otherwise there is a risk of being left without them at all, because the seeds of many flowers, when ripe, crumble to the ground or “shoot” very far from themselves, for example, like violets or pansies.
Many flower seeds are collected in dry sunny weather: this is especially important for asters, zinnias, marigolds, rudbeckia, because their basket inflorescences, collected at high humidity, can simply rot during drying and storage.
In some flowers, such as pansies, annual phlox, alyssum, petunia, violet, garden geranium, sweet pea, sweet tobacco, touchy, balsam, Seeds are best collected early in the morning."on the dew" or in wet weather, until the seed pods and pods cracked. But I still try to collect seeds from such plants that are not quite ripe, until the seed pods become hard, turn brown.
Great care is required when collecting garden geranium seeds. A geranium seed pod contains five seeds. As the bottom of the seed pod matures, five springs are released to shoot the seeds out. The trick is to loosen those springs. To do this, cut them with scissors before ripening, after which the cut springs can be twisted inward.
To outsmart plants with shooting seeds, you can use a piece of cloth or a towel. Just cover the twig with ripe seed pods with a towel. When you first touch the seed pod, the seeds that are fired will remain on the cloth or towel, after which it remains only to collect the finished seeds.
To collect the seeds of some flowers, in which the flowers are collected in spike-shaped inflorescences, such as delphinium, foxglove, lupins, bluebells and others, you can use baguette paper bags. After the flowering of the delphinium or foxglove comes to an end, the fruits begin to ripen from below. Cut off the upper part of the inflorescence with flowers and unripe seed pods. Put a baguette bag on the remaining inflorescence, cut off the peduncle. Turn the package with the cut inflorescence over and shake well. In this form, put the bag on ripening: the ripening seeds will simply crumble to the bottom of the bag. All you have to do is write the name of the variety and the year the seeds were collected on the bag.
However, collecting seeds from most flowers is not difficult, for example, from lavatera, cosmea, ageratum, morning glory, gaillardia. The seeds of these plants can be collected both immature and fully ripe, while the germination rate remains very high.
At the catchment area and tar, carefully turn over the bursting seed pods and pour the seeds out of them into the palm of your hand or into a bag.
How to properly store flower seeds?
After all seed pods, baskets or whole cut inflorescences are ripened or dried under a canopy without direct sunlight in a well-ventilated place on paper sheets or small bowls or saucers, stirring them periodically. At the same time, the sufficient temperature for seed ripening is +20 +24°С, for drying +30 +35°С.
Place the whole dried seed pods in a linen bag and knead it vigorously with your hands to separate the seeds. Pour the resulting mixture back onto the saucer. Part of the chaff will remain on the walls of the bag, carefully blow the remaining chaff off the saucer. Received seeds can be stored in both linen and paper bags at a temperature of +15 +20°С. Do not forget to sign the names of the flowers and the year the seeds were collected. This information can be useful to you both for a comparative assessment, and will help in the formation of a future flower bed in terms of color, plant height.
To store seeds, I use paper bags made from a regular sheet of paper. As they say, "cheap and cheerful", and most importantly very quickly. I put bags of seeds in seedling boxes. In the spring, when it's time to plant seeds for seedlings in boxes, you don't have to look for my bags right there, at hand.
P.S. Do you still have a lawn in your backyard? Lawn grass, various grass mixtures for the lawn will create a green fluffy carpet in the open air at your dacha. Hassle-free lawn for the whole family! Lawn grass seeds in various combinations to create lawns for every taste: you can plant a sports lawn to play sports with your children, and you will not want to leave the Euro-Shadow lawn.
Add to bookmarks:
By collecting seeds in your garden, you will provide yourself with planting material for the next year. Seeds of most types of ornamental annuals are very easy to obtain. The method of collecting seeds depends on the structural features of the inflorescences and the seeds of the plants themselves. Let's get acquainted with some subtleties in collecting seeds.
At, helichrysum seeds can be collected in one go or selectively when the baskets brighten and completely close, or when fluff appears in the center of the inflorescence.
At aster selectively, in several stages, baskets are torn off, in which the flowers have wilted, and a fluff has appeared in the middle. In bad weather conditions, the collection of baskets can be carried out earlier (since the seeds of asters ripen well), before the appearance of the fluff, but after the flowers wither.
At balsam pluck the fleshy fruits-boxes when they begin to lighten. This must be done carefully, as they can crack right in the hands.
At marigolds the seeds are harvested when the petals dry out, and the membranous cup wrapper turns yellow and dries. However, if the weather is rainy, then it is impossible to wait for the seeds to ripen on the plant, because with high humidity they will quickly rot. In such cases, the inflorescences are harvested for ripening when the petals begin to fade.
It is better to collect seeds when the fruitlets dry up and the covering scales begin to diverge to the sides. However, in this crop, the seeds also have the property of ripening, so in extreme cases, for example, when frost occurs, you can pick them green.
At sweet pea they pluck the bean fruits when they turn yellow and begin to dry out. The collection is carried out selectively, in several stages, as mature beans crack.
At calendula, cosmea, succession the collection of seeds is carried out in several steps, in the phase of almost complete ripeness (the seeds dry out and become yellow-brown or black in color). In these crops, the seeds almost do not ripen.
At snapdragon whole plants are cut off when the lower boxes turn brown and small holes open in them. At the same time, some of the boxes located higher on the inflorescence are ripened. If desired, you can conduct a selective collection of seeds, carefully tearing off the dried boxes.
At salvia, petunias, purslane, escholcia, fragrant tobacco selectively ripened (dried and browned) pods and boxes are collected.
Ripe nut fruits easily crumble to the ground, and they are collected from under the plant. From the plant, you can pluck only those fruitlets that are weakly attached to the stalk and crumble with a light touch. All not completely dry nasturtium seeds must be harvested before frost, otherwise they will die from frost. Nasturtium seeds are ripened at room temperature for 1 - 1.5 months, pouring in a small layer and stirring occasionally.
At zinnias pick inflorescences-baskets when they turn brown and begin to dry out.
In verbena, lobelia, alyssum, Drummond's phlox, gypsophila, iberis, brachoma, cornflower, godetia, clarcia, flax, toadflax, matthiola, nemesia, schizanthus, the entire inflorescence is carefully cut off when most of the boxes or pods turn brown and dry.
At lavater, mallow, delphinium cut off selectively dried fruitlets with brown or black seeds or cut off the whole plant when most of the seeds are ripe.
At kermeka cut off selectively browned or yellowed shields with burnt, pale funnel cups.
The collected seeds are laid out in boxes, boxes and dried in a warm, well-ventilated room at a temperature of no more than 30-35 ° C, and ripening seeds - at a lower temperature of 22 - 25 ° C.
Be sure to put a label in each box indicating the name of the crop, variety and year of seed collection. During drying, it is necessary to periodically mix the seeds, make sure that mold does not appear. Boxes with seeds that can crack and scatter should be covered with gauze or paper.
The ability of seeds to germinate depends on storage conditions. Keep seeds in paper bags in a cool, dry place. The optimum temperature for storing any seeds is 12 - 17°C. There is another way to store seeds: dry them properly, pack them in plastic containers and put them in the freezer of the refrigerator.
Remember that different types of plants are able to maintain seed germination for not the same time. So, the seeds of plants of the aster family (aster, arctotis, calendula, marigolds) retain their germination for 1-2 years, cloves (gypsophila, tarry, carnation) for 3-4 years; norichnikovye (snapdragon, nemesia, penstemon); mallow (lavatera, mallow, stem-rose); poppy (argemona, escholcia); 4-5 years - nightshade (petunia, schisanthus, salpiglossis), over 5 years - legumes (chin, lupine, dolichos) and labiate (sage, coleus), 6 and more years - balsam (balsam); cabbage (lobularia, levkoy, malcolmia); amaranth (cellosia, amaranth).
Mashkovskaya Svetlana
candidate of biological sciences
Senior Researcher
National Botanical Garden
them. N.N. Grishko NAS of Ukraine
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ON THIS TOPIC:
"Seed Collection"
Anapa 2013
Target:
Tasks:
Tray, bags of seeds.
Didactic support:
Teaching methods:
Lesson type: combined
During the classes.
Organizing time.
Checking student attendance.
Setting up students for work;
Questions for conversation.
What section are we studying?
Card work
Communication of new information.
Mystery.
In a small hut - a bedroom
Sleeping little child.
There is food in the pantry.
When he wakes up, he will be full.
What is this about?
Teacher.
marigolds, asters, kosmeyalupine, viola - seeds.
Teacher
Children.
Children
Teacher.
Children.
Teacher
Children. There are probably pictures.
Teacher.
Children
Teacher
Teacher.
Fizminutka for the eyes (according to Bazarny)
Teacher.
Rules for collecting and drying seeds. \Presentation \
Teacher.
Teacher.
Teacher.
Children.
Teacher.
Teacher
Children
Teacher.
Children.
Teacher.
Practical work.
Working process:
fluff
IV. Summary of the lesson. Reflection.
What is another name for marigolds?
Grading.
Literature:
V. I. Kovalko "ABC of physical education minutes", Publishing house "VAKO", Moscow, 2006
2. I. A. Morozova "Introduction to Flowers"
Preview:
STATE BUDGET SPECIAL (CORRECTIONAL) EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION FOR STUDENTS, PUPILS WITH LIMITED HEALTH OPPORTUNITIES COMPREHENSIVE SCHOOL № 27 VIII TYPE OF THE RESORT CITY OF ANAPA, KRASNODAR REGION
LESSON PLAN IN GRADE 6
ON THIS TOPIC:
"Seed Collection"
Labor training teacher Rebrik Valery Viktorovich
Anapa 2013
Target: Formation of skills of collective work.
Tasks:
To acquaint children with the rules for collecting and storing seeds.
Learn to distinguish the seeds of various flowering plants.
Correction and development of higher mental functions based on observations.
Education of observation, interest in the lesson.
Material and technical base.
Labor room, computer, projector, screen;
Tray, bags of seeds.
Didactic support:
Workbook, object of labor: seeds, presentation, collection of seeds.
Teaching methods:
Explanatory - visual; Explanation with practical reinforcement; Introductory briefing and practical work.
Lesson type: combined
During the classes.
Organizing time.
Checking student attendance.
Checking readiness for the lesson and working clothes;
Setting up students for work;
Familiarize students with the work plan.
Checking previously studied material.
Repetition of the material of the last lesson in the form of a conversation.
Questions for conversation.
What section are we studying?
What are the types of flowering plants?
What plants are called annuals?
What annual plants do you know?
How do annual flowering plants reproduce?
Card work
Guys, on your desks there are envelopes with cards that depict various flowering plants. There is a small envelope on the back of the card.
Students must choose annuals from all plants, write names on paper and put them in an envelope.
Communication of new information.
Mystery.
In a small hut - a bedroom
Sleeping little child.
There is food in the pantry.
When he wakes up, he will be full.
What is this about?
A hut is a seed coat, a small child is an embryo, a pantry is a storage tissue. To wake up means to germinate
Teacher. Why do you think we need knowledge about the seed? Why do we pay so much attention to this organ?
Guys, please continue the phrase: "Today at the lesson we ...".
What can we learn in this lesson?
Long since flower - decorative plants attracted attention of the person. During their travels, people could not pass by the outlandish plants of foreign countries and, returning to their homeland, they brought seeds, bulbs and flower plants themselves. So, dahlias, phloxes came to us from America; from Asia - lilacs; from South America - begonia; from China and Japan - azaleafrom Europe and France - marigolds,.(show postcards with these colors)
Large greenhouse farms and flower and ornamental nurseries are engaged in growing flowers. In nurseries, the work of preparing the soil and caring for plants is mechanized.
Florists - decorators, masters - flower growers, gardeners grow ornamental plants, plant trees and shrubs and decorate the streets with them, plant flower beds in parks and squares, grow flowers for cutting. People of these professions should know well the life of plants, the methods of their cultivation, love nature, and have an artistic taste.
Ornamental plants adorn our apartments, gardens, parks, squares, household plots. Some of them delight us with their shape, others have beautiful leaves, others surprise us with a variety of flower colors. (looking at postcards with flowers)
Flower - decorative plants are grown from seeds, propagated by stem cuttings, underground parts (tubers, bulbs, etc.). So, dahlias are propagated by root tubers, gladioli - by corms, daffodils, tulips, lilies - by bulbs. Marigold,marigolds, asters, kosmeyalupine, viola - seeds.
Teacher Guys, please look at the tray and say what you see on it.
Children. Packets with labels. Read the inscriptions.
Children ., marigold aster marigold, kosmeya, etc.
Teacher. The titles that you read to me?
Children. We read the names of the flowers.
Teacher . Why are the bags so thin, because flowers will not enter there?
Children. There are probably pictures.
Teacher. . No, guys, not pictures. The sachets contain flower seeds. Why do you think I put flower seeds in bags?
Children . To plant them in the ground in the spring.
Teacher . Right. Today we will devote a lesson to the issue of collecting seeds and the rules for their storage. It is important to know this, since the seeds of different plants have their own collection rules, and how we store them before planting depends on whether they will please us with friendly shoots in the spring. And who among you knows when flower seeds are harvested?
Teacher. It is important to know that the seeds of different plants are harvested in different ways. Today we will collect the seeds of those plants that are well known to you.
Fizminutka for the eyes (according to Bazarny)
Teacher. Let's get acquainted with the rules for collecting seeds by watching the presentation
Rules for collecting and drying seeds. \Presentation \
It is not worth pulling out the whole plant.
It is important to know the timing when you need to collect certain seeds.
It is necessary to collect plant seeds only on clear, dry, sunny days.
It is necessary to collect only the seeds of healthy plants.
Do not collect dusty and polluted. Pay attention to whether there are pests on the plant.
The collected seeds of the plant should be cleaned of dead and rotten parts immediately.
Drying is under an open canopy, with good ventilation (air drying).
It is best to store dried seeds in paper or cloth bags. Each storage package must have a label on which the name (variety) of the plant is indicated, there may be a flower color (for multicolor varieties, the time and year of collection.
Teacher. Their viability depends on whether the seeds are collected and stored correctly. Well, now let's go to our flower beds and try to learn how to collect seeds.
The students, together with the teacher, go to the school yard for practical work.
Teacher. In asters, seeds are collected selectively, baskets are torn off in several steps, in which the flowers have wilted, and a fluff has appeared in the middle. In bad weather conditions, the collection of baskets can be carried out earlier (since the seeds of asters ripen well, before the appearance of the fluff, but after the flower wilts.
In calendula, marigolds, cosmos, seeds are collected in several stages, in the phase of almost complete ripeness (the seeds dry out and become yellow-brown or black in color). In these crops, the seeds almost do not ripen.
Teacher. Name the plants that grow in our flower bed?
Children. Marigolds, marigolds, asters, kosmeya, etc.
Teacher. How is calendula (marigold) different from marigolds and how is it similar?
Children note the difference in size and shape.
Teacher Why do people call calendula marigold?
Children . Marigold seeds look like marigolds.
Teacher. What are the names of the plants that we will collect?
Children. calendula, marigolds, asters, kosmeya, etc.
What rules for collecting and storing seeds have we studied?
Teacher. We repeat the safety rules when working with scissors and secateurs
Practical work.
Tools and fixtures: scissors, secateurs, boxes or bags, gauze, cardboard, pen.
Collection of seeds of flower - ornamental plants.
In autumn, seeds of calendula, cosmea, asters and other annual flower and ornamental plants are collected.
Working process:
1. Examine flower - ornamental plants. Determine which plants you can collect seeds from.
2. Use scissors to cut the fruits with seeds and carefully place them in boxes. In each box, put the fruits of one type of plant.
3. Write on the cards (labels) the names of the plants from which the seeds were collected, the time (year) of collection.
4. Spread the collected fruits or seeds on sheets of paper to dry (if necessary)
5. The fruits of lupine, viola, phlox crack during drying, and the seeds may scatter. Therefore, the fruits must be covered with gauze.
6. After drying, select the seeds, put them in bags or paper bags. Attach labels with the names of plants in them.
Seeds should be stored at a temperature of 12-16 degrees.
Collection of seeds of flower - ornamental plants
Plant. Seed maturation signs. What and how to collect? Astra, daisy. Fluff appears on the fruits. Cut dried inflorescences with fruits selectively.
The fruits are ready for harvest as soon as they start showing. fluff
Pansies, violet, nasturtium. The fruits turn white. Collect fruits selectively during the summer.
Nasturtium can collect fallen fruits.
Carnation. The upper fruits turn brown and slightly. Inflorescences are cut with part of the stem, tied into bundles,crack and hang to dry.
Marigolds, zinnia. The fruits are starting to dry out. Selectively cut fruits and fruit with part of the stem
IV. Summary of the lesson. Reflection.
- What did you learn new in the lesson? Tell me.
What is the difference between annual flowering plants and perennials?
What is another name for marigolds?
Grading.
Slides captions:
Seed collection
By collecting seeds in your garden, you will provide yourself with planting material for the next year. Seeds of most types of ornamental annuals are very easy to obtain. The method of collecting seeds depends on the structural features of the inflorescences and the seeds of the plants themselves. Let's get acquainted with some subtleties in collecting seeds.
In asters, baskets are selectively torn off in several stages, in which the flowers have wilted, and a fluff has appeared in the middle. In bad weather conditions, the collection of baskets can be carried out earlier (since the seeds of asters ripen well), before the appearance of the fluff, but after the flowers wither.
marigolds In marigolds, the seeds are harvested when the petals dry out, and the membranous cup-wrap turns yellow and dries. However, if the weather is rainy, then it is impossible to wait for the seeds to ripen on the plant, because with high humidity they will quickly rot. In such cases, the inflorescences are harvested for ripening when the petals begin to fade.
In calendula, cosmea, seed collection is carried out in several stages, in the phase of almost complete ripeness (the seeds dry out and become yellow-brown or black in color). In these crops, the seeds almost do not ripen.
Rules for collecting seeds It is not worth pulling out plants entirely. It is important to know the timing when you need to collect certain seeds. It is necessary to collect plant seeds only on clear, dry, sunny days. It is necessary to collect only the seeds of healthy plants. Do not collect dusty and dirty
The collected seeds of the plant should be cleaned of dead and rotten parts immediately. Drying is under an open canopy, with good ventilation (air drying). It is best to store dried seeds in paper or cloth bags. Each storage package must have a label indicating the name.
We invite you to the school flowerbed for practical work.
Thank you for your work
Preview:
STATE BUDGET SPECIAL (CORRECTIONAL) EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION FOR STUDENTS, PUPILS WITH LIMITED HEALTH OPPORTUNITIES COMPREHENSIVE SCHOOL № 27 VIII TYPE OF THE RESORT CITY OF ANAPA, KRASNODAR REGION
LESSON PLAN IN GRADE 6
At the end of August, the most fertile time comes in your garden when you enjoy the fruits of your labor in the literal and figurative sense: a harvest of vegetables ripens in the beds, an unprecedented harvest of apples, pears, grapes in the garden, and from the colorful flower beds and flower beds - your head is spinning. The end of August is the best time to prepare for the next season, so along with preparations for the future, you can find time for collecting flower seeds. So you can save a little the family budget, as well as provide friends and neighbors with the flowers you like.
Let's just say that not all flower seeds suitable for collection. First of all, in the so-called F1 hybrids, parental traits are not inherited, and as a result, completely new varieties of flowers can be obtained with traits that differ from the parental ones. Therefore, if you do not like such surprises, then propagate such plants with cuttings. This, for example, applies to hybrid petunias.
In addition, some varieties of flowers growing in a flower bed in the neighborhood may be pollinated. This can also be attributed to petunias. But if you wish, you can find a way out - experienced flower growers use protective gauze caps for flowers intended for collecting seeds, pollinating these flowers manually. Or you can just plant one variety of flowers in a flower bed. In this case, cross-pollination of flowers does not threaten.
How to collect flower seeds?
In order for the seeds you have collected to have high germination, collect the seeds on time, otherwise there is a risk of being left without them at all, because the seeds of many flowers, when ripe, crumble to the ground or “shoot” very far from themselves, for example, like violets or pansies.
Many flower seeds are collected in dry sunny weather: this is especially important for asters, zinnias, marigolds, rudbeckia, because their basket inflorescences, collected at high humidity, can simply rot during drying and storage.
In some flowers, such as pansies, annual phlox, alyssum, petunia, violet, garden geranium, sweet pea, sweet tobacco, touchy, balsam, Seeds are best collected early in the morning."on the dew" or in wet weather, until the seed pods and pods cracked. But I still try to collect seeds from such plants that are not quite ripe, until the seed pods become hard, turn brown.
Great care is required when collecting garden geranium seeds. A geranium seed pod contains five seeds. As the bottom of the seed pod matures, five springs are released to shoot the seeds out. The trick is to loosen those springs. To do this, cut them with scissors before ripening, after which the cut springs can be twisted inward.
To outsmart plants with shooting seeds, you can use a piece of cloth or a towel. Just cover the twig with ripe seed pods with a towel. When you first touch the seed pod, the seeds that are fired will remain on the cloth or towel, after which it remains only to collect the finished seeds.
To collect the seeds of some flowers, in which the flowers are collected in spike-shaped inflorescences, such as delphinium, foxglove, lupins, bluebells and others, you can use baguette paper bags. After the flowering of the delphinium or foxglove comes to an end, the fruits begin to ripen from below. Cut off the upper part of the inflorescence with flowers and unripe seed pods. Put a baguette bag on the remaining inflorescence, cut off the peduncle. Turn the package with the cut inflorescence over and shake well. In this form, put the bag on ripening: the ripening seeds will simply crumble to the bottom of the bag. All you have to do is write the name of the variety and the year the seeds were collected on the bag.
However, collecting seeds from most flowers is not difficult, for example, from lavatera, cosmea, ageratum, morning glory, gaillardia. The seeds of these plants can be collected both immature and fully ripe, while the germination rate remains very high.
At the catchment area and tar, carefully turn over the bursting seed pods and pour the seeds out of them into the palm of your hand or into a bag.
How to properly store flower seeds?
After all seed pods, baskets or whole cut inflorescences are ripened or dried under a canopy without direct sunlight in a well-ventilated place on paper sheets or small bowls or saucers, stirring them periodically. At the same time, the sufficient temperature for seed ripening is +20 +24°С, for drying +30 +35°С.
Place the whole dried seed pods in a linen bag and knead it vigorously with your hands to separate the seeds. Pour the resulting mixture back onto the saucer. Part of the chaff will remain on the walls of the bag, carefully blow the remaining chaff off the saucer. Received seeds can be stored in both linen and paper bags at a temperature of +15 +20°С. Do not forget to sign the names of the flowers and the year the seeds were collected. This information can be useful to you both for a comparative assessment, and will help in the formation of a future flower bed in terms of color, plant height.
To store seeds, I use paper bags made from a regular sheet of paper. As they say, "cheap and cheerful", and most importantly very quickly. I put bags of seeds in seedling boxes. In the spring, when it's time to plant seeds for seedlings in boxes, you don't have to look for my bags right there, at hand.
General points to be observed when collecting, drying and storing seeds:
1) when preparing seeds for storage, they need to be provided with labels (labels are best done already when collecting seeds);
2) varieties can be pollinated, so plants that are not typical for this variety may grow from the seeds you have collected;
3) some plants are capable of self-pollination (Pansies), seeds from such plants can be safely collected without fear for the purity of the variety.
Seeds are harvested as soon as they are ripe, but not yet shed. If the seeds are enclosed in a fruit, the task is made easier because they ripen before the fruit begins to break down. Before isolating the seeds, the fruits are dried in the sun, in a dry room or in a ventilated cabinet. The collected fruits are broken and laid out to dry on filter paper in a shallow box or cuvette.
In other plants (daisies, asters), several flower stalks are tied and hung to dry. A paper bag is put on the inflorescences, not tightly tied to the peduncles. As they dry, the bags are shaken slightly, and the seeds are poured into them. Drying is carried out in a warm room (21 ° C). After drying, the seeds are sieved.
Large juicy seeds (cyclamen, lily, hellebore) usually do not tolerate drying, so it is better to let them ripen on the plant and collect just before shedding.
Seeds also differ in the type of reserve nutrients formed in them. Seeds of plants in which mainly carbohydrates (elder, marigolds) are deposited in the reserve usually retain their germination capacity longer and easily tolerate overdrying. Seeds that accumulate fats or oils (peonies, magnolias, chestnuts) lose their germination capacity over time or when dried and deteriorate. It is better for these seeds to ripen on the plant, and they need to be collected just before shedding.
The ability to tolerate drying is also determined by another factor: it depends on the condition of the seed coat and its protective properties. Seeds with an underdeveloped peel (willow) are viable for a very short time. And seeds with a hard and impenetrable skin (sweet peas, lupins) remain viable for a long time and under a variety of conditions. The seeds of the Indian lotus, for example, have retained their viability after lying in peat bogs for more than a thousand years.
Under production conditions, the seeds of flower crops are stored in two ways: open and closed. Open (dry) storage without temperature control (at room temperature) is more common.
Open containers, canvas bags, cardboard boxes or paper bags are used as containers. Moisture content in seeds - 50% and below. However, this indicator fluctuates depending on the relative humidity of the air. If the relative humidity of the air in the room exceeds 70%, then the moisture content of the seeds increases, and they quickly lose their germination. At low relative air humidity and high temperature, seed moisture decreases by 4-5%, which leads to a natural weight loss. During storage, the condition of the seeds is systematically monitored, and the temperature and humidity of the air in the storage are monitored daily. With the open method, the seeds are stored in a container that easily passes air.
In closed storage, sealed containers, cans with airtight lids, bags with a polyethylene liner, glass bottles and jars, etc. are used. Small lots and seeds for breeding purposes are stored in galvanized sheet boxes, bags and bags.
There are certain standards for packaging seeds of flower crops: fabric single and double bags are made in accordance with GOST 18225-72; paper multilayer bags - according to GOST 2226-88; single or double paper bags - according to GOST 12302-83; plastic bags - according to GOST 17811-78. Seeds of the following flowering plants are not packed in plastic bags: ageratum, pansies, annual carnations, godetia, sweet peas, elegant kachima, clarcia, levkoy, lobelia, lupine, snapdragon, daisy, foxglove, forget-me-nots, nemesia, perilla, petunias, purslane , mignonette, tobacco, beans, Drummond's phlox, nigella, sage, spur.
In stores, at home, dried seeds are stored in cloth bags, paper or plastic bags. Seeds are kept in a cool dry place. Properly dried seeds of most flowering plants remain viable for 2-3 years, since they store reserve nutrients in the form of carbohydrates. Juicy seeds, in which the reserve substance is vegetable oil, are stored for no more than a year even under optimal conditions. It is better to store them at the same humidity that they have during shedding. Therefore, you can put such seeds in a plastic bag and put them in the refrigerator.
