The best warm plaster. Warm plaster. What is the warm mixture

Warm plaster for the facade is a building mixture containing insulating fillers and components binding them. It is used for exterior and interior works as a preparatory layer for subsequent finishing and forms a durable coating with thermal insulation properties.

The basis of the thermal insulation material are binders (sand, gypsum, lime or a mixture of these materials), plasticizers and additives that increase the properties of vapor permeability and adhesion of the solution and reduce the hygroscopicity of the porous coating.

The name "warm" plaster was due to the fact that the sand fraction, which is part of the usual mixture, was replaced by other fillers with low thermal conductivity.

Fillers are:

• granulated polystyrene foam;
• sawdust;
• pumice powder;
• expanded clay crumb;
• expanded vermiculite;
• perlite;
• foam glass.

Properties and scope

Special additives endowed the heat-insulating mixture with universal properties. It can be used for wall decoration inside the house, as well as as an outdoor coating.

Warm plaster is well suited for sealing gaps and crevices, joints between walls and ceilings of a building. With its help, you can insulate the basement of the house, complete the design of window slopes.

But, perhaps, the facade of the building needs insulating finishing most of all, since it is he who is exposed to the active influence of the external environment (rain, wind, low temperatures).

In addition, the low thermal conductivity of the plaster provides heat savings inside the building, and the coating itself has the properties of a thermos - in winter it does not allow heat to go outside, and in summer it protects the room from heat.

Since the finished mortar has a significant weight, the plaster is applied with a thickness of 25 to 100 mm, but for a more effective thermal insulation effect, a layer of 100-120 mm is required.

However, such a finish puts a serious load on the wall structure, and applying a thick layer is not an easy task.

Types by type of filler

Depending on the filler, thermal insulation compounds have different properties:

• sawdust mixture - the most budget option, which is well suited for self-cooking. It can be used for finishing wooden and brick surfaces. The disadvantage is the long drying of the solution (about two weeks);
• composition with polystyrene foam filler. The material has good thermal insulation properties, but at the same time, low strength, so it is desirable to cover such a finish with an additional protective layer;
• perlite mix. The filler is made of volcanic glass, which is heated to a high temperature. The heated material swells, resulting in the formation of many air bubbles - it is they who give the composition thermal insulation qualities;
• minus perlite is that it absorbs water well, which is why such a coating will require additional waterproofing;
• plaster with vermiculite. This filler is expanded mica. It has high temperature resistance, which makes it resistant to high and low temperatures.

• However, just like perlite, it has increased moisture-absorbing properties;
• expanded clay composition. Expanded clay is a granular porous material. In the manufacture of plaster, the smallest fraction (sand) is used, which is characterized by high density and, accordingly, low thermal conductivity;

• plus, the material has a less active ability to absorb moisture (8-20%), unlike perlite and vermiculite. The disadvantage is a heavier weight compared to other fillers;
• composition with foam glass. Foam glass filler is obtained by foaming quartz glass at high temperature. As a result, the material granules acquire a finely porous structure that does not absorb moisture, but at the same time passes air and water vapor well;
• the hardened mixture forms a durable waterproof and fire-resistant coating. The thermal conductivity of foam glass plaster is lower than that of polystyrene foam, vermiculite and perlite counterparts.

Price

Today on sale you can find heat-insulating mixtures, the price of which depends on the manufacturer. Here are some samples:

• warm plaster IVSIL (12 kg). A mixture based on cement with the addition of foam glass as a filler - 790 rubles;
• heat-insulating KNAUF mixture (25 kg). Cement-based composition with polystyrene foam filler -347 rubles;

• plaster WARMMIX (14 KG). The mixture consists of cement, foam glass and polymer additives - 1950 rubles;
• KEM plaster (35 kg). The filler is perlite. Price - 295 rubles.

Self-cooking

If you wish, you can save on the purchase of ready-made compositions of warm plaster.

A self-prepared mixture is somewhat colder than a branded one, but it will cost several times cheaper.

Below we will consider the option of preparing a composition with polystyrene foam filler.

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To obtain the optimal plaster density (450-500 kg / m3), the following proportions are used:

• 30 liters of foam chips (no larger than 3 mm in diameter);
• 9 liters of fast-hardening cement (it is better if it is M600 white cement);
• in the water that will be used to dilute the mixture, it is advisable to add a little detergent (25 ml per 10 liters of water).
• to increase the plasticity and adhesive properties of the solution, 1 kg of slaked lime can be added to the composition.

Before applying the solution, the surface walls are cleaned of dust and dirt, treated with a primer or reinforced with a reinforcing mesh(this measure is especially relevant in the case when it is planned to apply a thick layer). Next, they produce it.

If a branded mixture is used, the entire package is poured into a pre-prepared container, the volume of which should be at least 50 liters. Water is added to the composition and mixed with a mixer.

To check the consistency of the finished solution, you need to pick up a little mixture with a spatula and turn it over. If the solution sticks and does not fall off, then it is ready for use.

For more information about the technology of applying warm plaster for the facade, see the video:

The plaster is applied in 2-5 layers (depending on its final thickness) using simple tools such as a spatula, grater, trowel. Another option is the use of beacons and rules, which will allow beginners in this business to apply the solution as evenly as possible. The maximum allowable thickness of one layer is 2 cm.

The time interval between applying layers should be at least 4 hours. Under conditions of low temperatures and high humidity, this figure increases.

After the mortar is completely dry, you can take on further finishing, which will be needed in any case, since the warm plaster itself is not a top coat.

Based on the characteristics of the above materials, we can say that the best option for facade warm plaster is a mixture with foam glass filler.

But given the high cost of this composition, there is reason to look at cheaper analogues, and possibly to ensure that prepare the insulation mixture yourself.

Warm plaster- this is a group of finishing coatings for exterior and interior work, combining leveling, hydro- and heat-insulating properties.

Composition, brands and GOSTs

The composition of warm plasters can vary due to the heat-insulating filler and the binder base. Loose fillers act as fillers materials with low thermal conductivity: expanded perlite, vermiculite, expanded polystyrene granules, foam glass. Some sources recommend sawdust, but they provide the worst quality coating, are prone to rot and fire, so they are excluded from the review.

There is also a special type of warm plaster used for radiation isolation of medical premises. barite plaster contains crystalline barium sulfate, an X-ray absorbing compound.

Warm plaster for outdoor use it is made on the basis of cement of the M-500 or M-300 brands. With a hydrophobic filler (foam glass, PPS, etc.), such a coating is not afraid of precipitation, temperature changes and ultraviolet radiation. Insulation plaster protects the main layer of thermal insulation from adverse weather conditions.

For interior decoration of premises, mixtures based on lime and gypsum, which are unstable to moisture, are used.

Perlite is presented on the domestic market heat-insulating plaster next trading stamps:

All of them correspond to GOST 31251 as materials with the highest degree of fire safety.

Release form

Ready mixtures are produced in dry form in packages weighing 7-30 kg. Depending on the formulation, they may include superplasticizers that improve the solubility of the cement and increase the plasticity of the solution. At home, such an additive is PVA glue or liquid soap dissolved in water. The consumption of the plasticizer is not more than 1% by weight of the cement in the mixture.

The shelf life of the mixed mixture is 30-90 minutes, so it is important to measure the volume of the prepared solution and the speed of work.

Characteristics

Specifications warm plasters may vary depending on the filler.

Unique qualities

The main advantage warm plaster is its high plasticity and adhesion (adhesion to the surface). It does not require perfectly even walls and performs an additional cosmetic function when decorating a room.

Allows you to isolate slopes, cracks and internal corners, where the installation of sheet and roll insulation is difficult. Fasteners that act as "cold bridges" for other materials are not needed. Application speed by professional workers reaches 100 m2 in 1 day.

Warm plaster combines environmental friendliness and durability, does not emit volatile compounds and dust.

Minuses

The main disadvantage warm plaster is its raw weight. The plastering process takes place in several stages, it is impossible to apply a thick layer at once. The work is carried out in 3-4 passes, maintaining the previous layers until a strong "seizure".

The thermal insulation qualities of the mixtures are average, and the price exceeds the more energy-efficient PPS. As the main insulation in Russia is not used, its thermal efficiency in our conditions is too low.

Application area

Warming of internal premises, ground finishing of walls. The use of such thermal insulation can reduce heat loss by up to 40%. Recommended material for additional thermal and sound insulation of walls and ceilings, window slopes, pipelines, sealing cracks.

Warm plaster for the facade used as a protective and decorative coating for the main thermal insulation: mineral wool, glass wool, foam plastic, PPS or basalt slabs. It protects the insulation from moisture, weathering, UV exposure and has a beautiful rough texture.

Mounting methods

Instructions for preparing the finished mixture are usually indicated on the package. To prepare the solution at home, the binder component (cement, lime or gypsum), water and loose filler are mixed in a ratio of 1:1:4. The mixture is thoroughly kneaded to the consistency of thick sour cream, after which it can be applied to the cleaned surface.

Plastering of internal walls is carried out by beacons, the thickness of the applied layer warm plaster should not exceed 1 cm in one pass. If it is necessary to increase the thickness of the coating, then the first layer must dry, otherwise the plaster will fall off under its own weight. It is impractical to make a layer thicker than 3 cm, the thermal insulation properties of this are reduced, and the load on the base becomes critical.

Facade insulation plaster applied in a thin layer: 3-4 mm in the first pass, not more than 1.5 cm in general after preliminary application and drying of the reinforcing layer.

Recently, among the thermal insulation products in the construction industry, a new material has appeared, which has received the unofficial name of warm plaster. In addition to the functions of protecting the walls of the building from environmental influences, the composition acts as a heat-insulating material, keeping energy inside the building.

Speaking of plastering walls, the question of the laboriousness of the work, the need to attract specialists with experience and qualifications comes to mind, but with the classic application of a sand-cement mixture on walls, the problem of wall insulation is not solved. With heat-insulating or “warm” plaster, one problem during construction will become less.

When warming, warm plaster is used for the facade and interior work. It is highly energy efficient, but remains an inexpensive building material.

Material composition

Traditional stucco formulations use cement, sand, water, and optionally mineral additives to add strength or frost resistance to the final product.

Heat-insulating plaster has the properties of both a heater and a cement mixture.

This effect is achieved by applying a special recipe to the production of the material. The most common substances with which the material is diluted to improve its energy-efficient properties of steel are:

• expanded vermiculite;
• sawdust;
• granulated expanded clay crumbs;
• crushed pumice;
• granulated polystyrene foam.

Manufacturers and prices

The material production technology appeared not so long ago, but there is already competition among manufacturers. Now the most famous heat-insulating plaster of three brands: "Mishka" or "Varmiks", "Umka" and "Knauf". Below is a description of each of them.

• Heat-insulating mix "Umka". In recent years, a popular material. It has gained fame as a product suitable for interior decoration work. The basis of "Umka" is granular silicon balls. It has vapor barrier properties, does not absorb moisture, absorbs sound waves, and is an excellent thermal insulator. Silicon balls are odorless, they are harmless to human health. In addition to increased thermal insulation properties due to granulated ceramic balls, the plaster composition acquires increased strength with a lighter specific gravity. The application of such a mixture on the surface of the walls does not require additional treatment with soil compositions or the installation of a reinforcing mesh. In the construction markets, "Umka" is sold at a price of 100 rubles per 1 kg.

• Warm plaster "Mishka" or "Varmiks". Someone confuses these two materials, but they have one manufacturer who rebranded the brand. Like the previous insulation, "Bear" in its raw form is a dry mixture, which is diluted with water in the required proportions before being applied to the surface. The finished composition has high adhesion properties to any surfaces, so there is no need to treat the walls with primers. It is an excellent sound and vapor barrier material. "Mishka" has the positive properties of a competitor and is used as a heat-insulating plaster for outdoor work. The price in the store for a kilogram of "Mishka" starts from 120 rubles per kilogram.

• Thermal insulating composition "Knauf". Manufacturers have taken care of the versatility of the final product. "Knauf" can be applied to any type of surface. Even floor slabs are insulated and plastered with the mixture. Due to the fact that the plaster composition is applied both manually and using machine mechanisms, a person in the production of work has the opportunity to save time.

In the construction market, the manufacturer presents the mixture in a wide range of products, each of which is designed for specific tasks. By adding additives during production, the tasks of endowing the final product with frost resistance, moisture resistance, or other properties are solved.

The impact of negative temperatures during the operation of the building does not adversely affect its chemical or physical properties. Initially, the material is provided with high strength parameters, which gives the capital structures of the building additional protection.

Types of warm plaster

Technically, the material has the properties it needs due to the addition of insulating materials to the base. There are three types of mixtures according to composition.

• Plaster based on vermiculite. This additive is produced by heat treatment of vermiculite rock. Expanded vermiculite has antiseptic properties, protecting wall coverings from the formation of harmful fungal formations. This light mineral filler is added to ready-mixed dry mixes, making it suitable for facade work and interior decoration.
• Stucco mixture containing expanded polystyrene granules. The content of expanded polystyrene makes the plaster an excellent thermal insulation. In addition to this insulating material, the composition includes cement, lime, special additives and fillers. It is suitable for use as a warm plaster for exterior and interior building work.
• Another type of this heat-insulating mixture is called "sawdust" , since in addition to cement, sawdust, clay, paper are added to it. Due to the content of additional components, heat-insulating plaster for interior work is used for thermal insulation. Such warm plaster in the production of outdoor work on the outside of the wall is not resistant to constant moisture. However, it is also suitable for interior work. When insulating walls with such a composition, keep in mind that during the period of solidification of the solution, it is necessary to ensure constant ventilation of the room. "Sawdust" solution is applied to brick and wooden walls. Curing time is about two weeks. If you do not ventilate the room at the same time, then as a result the surface of the finish will be covered with mold or fungus.

Cement heat-insulating plaster Knauf Grunband

The warm plaster Knauf Grunband deserves special attention. The Knauf product line itself is well known, but among them there are the most popular ones. Fractional components are not more than 1.5 mm in diameter. Application is carried out in two ways: manually and with the help of electrical equipment.

This mixture is also used in addition to performing the main functionality. It also helps to solve other problems, such as:

1. Application of a waterproofing coating on the walls of facades, basements, sanitary rooms and other rooms with high humidity.
2. Strengthening the surface of the facades. The high characteristics of the Knauf Grunband mixture in the field of resistance to physical stress make it possible to protect the walls from the effects of external conditions associated with the natural shrinkage processes of soils under the building. As a result, cracks do not form on the surface.
3. decorative tasks. The structure makes it possible, through simple manipulations, to turn the plaster layer into a finishing decorative element of wall decoration. As a result, no additional painting work is required, except for the final painting of the surface.

Knauf Grünband is sold at retail outlets in containers of 25 kilograms. One bag when applied to a wall with a thickness of 1.5 cm is enough to treat a surface of 1-1.4 square meters. m.

Work progress

Insulating plaster is applied on the surface of the walls according to traditional technology. Before starting work, the surface is cleaned of dust and flaky elements. Some types of warm plasters do not require primer treatment, but for higher adhesion, applying a primer will not be superfluous.

Mixing of the solution is carried out in building containers with a volume of at least 50 liters.

The packaging says how much liquid technology will need to be added to the mixture. Some plaster compositions harden in a short time, so you should carefully study the instructions from the manufacturer to avoid rejecting the material.

In order to save time, the execution of work is entrusted to experienced teams that have already made more than one object using this technology.

Plaster, suitable as insulation for the facade, is applied in the same way as that used indoors. When working with it, it is important to pay attention to the frost resistance properties of the material, its adhesion at sub-zero temperatures. In the process of plastering the facade with warm plaster with your own hands in the winter, there is a risk that the solution will not grab the frozen wall surface. In the future, the layer will move away from the wall, and the material will have to be thrown away.

The material is applied to the walls in several layers. At the same time, each layer is not made thicker than 20 mm, and it can be applied no earlier than 4 hours after the previous one. For the production of work, experienced specialists use construction spatulas of two sizes: wide and small. The quality of work is checked using two-meter rules with a level. This should be done 3 weeks after the end of the work. The deviation of the plane from the level, as a rule, should not exceed 1-3 mm.

Preparatory stage

Applying plaster for facade insulation will require more preparation before starting work than indoors. Work at height requires strict adherence to safety measures, the use of only certified equipment and building structures to ensure the safety of work. Before starting work, elements protruding from the body of the capital structure are removed from the surface of the outer walls. After completion of general construction work, masons do not remove pieces of dressing reinforcement. They are cut off to avoid injury in the future.

Reinforcement works

When the planning and preparation phase is over, the time comes when the warm facade plaster is applied. In modern realities, this stage often begins with disappointment, as it turns out that the differences on the walls being processed are too large. Although the solutions have high strength characteristics, sometimes this is not enough to do without the use of a reinforcing mesh as a supporting base.

The reinforcing layer is technologically designed to withstand loads from its own weight. Manufacturers provide data that their products do not require the provision of reinforcing mesh. In this matter, it is worth additionally monitoring the problem with obtaining expert advice, and then making a final decision whether to reinforce the base under the plaster layer.

Advantages and disadvantages of warm plasters

Warm plaster for interior construction work is not ideal. Like any product, it has its pros and cons. Below is a description of the positive and negative features for the general group of heat-insulating plaster mixes.

Positive traits:

• no deformation changes over time, wear resistance;
• high strength;
• the absence of components harmful to health in raw materials;
• resistance to low temperatures;
• high adhesion properties;
• the possibility of applying to any type of surface;
• in most cases does not require a reinforcing layer.

The negative properties of the material include two points.

The thermal insulation properties of the material are lower than those of classical heaters. To ensure similar properties, it will be necessary to create a solution layer 1.5-2 times thicker than with conventional thermal insulation.

Thermal insulation compound is rarely used as a top coat. After drying, it requires final processing with more suitable materials for this.

Mixture consumption

Plastering walls with the help of hired personnel may be accompanied by unjustified material costs. The control of the production of the mixture by the builders is provided by calculations based on the data of the manufacturers of the heat-insulating material.

Consumption is from 10 to 18 kg per sq. meter. The consumption of warm plaster for outdoor use will reach up to 25 kg per square meter. meter, so a thicker layer must be applied to the outer walls.

Different manufacturers may differ in numbers, but not to a large extent. The consumption will become higher if the wall surface has too many irregularities, and also because of the overspending of builders on marriage. These points are worth paying attention to.

How to make warm plaster with your own hands

When it is not possible to purchase a ready-made mixture, then it is worth trying to make it yourself. Do-it-yourself warm plaster is made in a simple way. It is important to note that for its manufacture it is not enough just to add granules of insulating raw materials to the cement-sand mixture. A special plasticizer is used.

For the manufacture of the composition, you will need ordinary water, cement, heat-insulating filler (vermiculite) and a plasticizer. PVA glue is used as a plasticizer. The ingredients are mixed in proportion: four parts of the filler for one part of cement. PVA glue is enough 50 grams per bucket of cement. Add water to desired consistency.

Plastering the surface of the walls with a do-it-yourself composition takes place in three stages:

1. The plasticizer is diluted in water.
2. Filler is added to the cement. The finished mixture is mixed until a homogeneous mass.
3. The dry composition is diluted with liquid, and the resulting solution is allowed to stand for 15 minutes.

After completion of the preparatory work, the product is ready for use.

Despite the appearance of a sufficient number of gypsum analogues, the cement plaster mixture remains one of the most popular materials for interior and exterior decoration. With a lot of advantages, cement-sand plaster has high thermal conductivity, based on the minimum amount of air pores in the hardened mass. A variety called warm plaster has less thermal conductivity against the background of resistance to cracking, therefore it is considered the best option for those who want to both level the walls and insulate at the same time. Users of the FORUMHOUSE portal actively use plasters with low thermal conductivity and share their experience with everyone.

• Solution preparation
• Application of warm plaster

What kind of plaster is called warm

Typical plaster mixture - cement binder and sand, gives a coating with a density of about 1800 kg / mᶟ and a thermal conductivity of about 1.2 W / (m * C). Warm plaster (TSh) consists of a cement binder and filler, which forms air pores in the monolith, reducing the density and thermal conductivity. If cement is usually used as a binder, then there is a wide choice of fillers:

• Perlite is an obsidian hydroxide formed when lava solidified on the ground comes into contact with water. The nuclei resulting from hydration resemble rounded pearls - pearls, for which the breed got its name. It is characterized by high porosity (up to 40%) and the ability to absorb liquid in quantities exceeding its own weight (up to 400%). For the preparation of plaster, expanded perlite (perlite sand) is usually used - small granules of a white or light gray hue.

• Vermiculite is one of the minerals of the hydromica group, which is small layered flakes of a brownish-golden gamut. Like perlite, when heated, it is able to swell, filling with air. In this form, it is used in various industries, including construction, for the preparation of lightweight concrete and warm plaster mixtures.

• Expanded clay chips - made from special varieties of fusible clays, by firing in melting furnaces rotating at a certain angle. This is a fine fraction with a granule size of up to 5 mm, sometimes called expanded clay sand. It is characterized by lightness, airiness, minimal thermal conductivity and a rounded shape of granules.

• Sawdust is a waste of the wood industry; fine fractions are used for plasters, which provide the composition with porosity, but do not violate its structure and maintain mass uniformity.

• PPS - expanded polystyrene granules are used not only for the manufacture of slab or bulk insulation, but also as a binder in ready-made or home-made plaster mixtures. If perlite and vermiculite are natural substances, PPS is the result of the chemical industry and is inferior to natural "colleagues" in terms of durability, biological and fire resistance. However, it copes well with the assigned functions - it makes the plaster porous and reduces its thermal conductivity.

In addition to the binder, filler and liquid, various modifiers are added to the plaster - to increase the elasticity of the mixture, to increase the "operability" period, to prevent the formation of cracks during drying. Manufacturers of dry mixes add various branded water repellents and plasticizers. When making home-made plaster, microfiber, ready-made modifiers sold in hardware stores, various detergents (liquid soap, dishwashing liquids) or PVA glue are introduced.

The coating obtained as a result of applying a warm plaster composition is not inferior to traditional cement-sand analogues in terms of adhesion to the base (it adheres well to the wall) and strength.

It can be applied to any finishing decorative coating. The article will help you choose the right one. At the same time, it has a low thermal conductivity - on average, 0.13 - 0.9 W / (m * C), and a density of 200 to 800 kg / mᶟ (depending on the filler). When using warm plaster, the load on the base is significantly reduced, and it is easier to work with the mortar - for 1 m² of the wall, you will need to “master” at all stages a lower weight of the material.

What filler is usually added to homemade warm plaster

Private developers use both the most affordable HS - based on sawdust, and perlite or with PPS granules. Vermiculite compositions are rare, due to the high cost of the filler - it is several times more expensive than perlite. And not every craftsman who has chosen a warm variety as a plaster is able to make friends with ready-made mixtures of famous brands. This is explained, again, by the cost - buying a ready-made dry mix will raise the price per square meter by two to three times. If you buy the components separately, these figures are reduced to a level accessible to almost everyone interested. The calculations of our users confirm the theory.

Sector FORUMHOUSE Member

The price of factory warm plaster turns out to be cosmic, in comparison with a home-made mixture. Approximately 25 bags, weighing 23 kg each, go for 1 mᶟ (for example, take BIRSST T-2). It turns out that a cube, or 575 kg, will cost 15,825 rubles. Material consumption: 7 - 8 kg of dry mix per 1 m² - with a mortar layer thickness of 10 mm, with a thickness of 4 cm, we get approximately 19 m², or 833 rubles per square.

How much a square of a home-made mixture will cost is also calculated based on our own experience.

Yura52 Member of FORUMHOUSE

I have a bag of cement, three bags of perlite and a plasticizer for 5 m² of plaster 1.5 cm thick, if C3, then inexpensive. Total, approximately 500 rubles - 100 rubles per square. With an increase in the layer to 3-4 cm, it still turns out much cheaper than the factory one.

In many ways, the choice between a purchased composition and handicraft production depends on the expected scope of work - a room of several tens of squares can be plastered with a factory mixture, the difference is noticeable, but not fundamental. When it comes to hundreds of square meters or tens of cubic meters, the savings cover both the time spent on experiments with proportions and any other costs.

Solution preparation

The typical ratio of cement to perlite varies from 1/3 to 1/7.

Such a large spread is due to the versatility of the mixture - it is used for interior and exterior decoration of a variety of bases. The ability to adhere and other physical and technical characteristics of the surfaces are different, and such parameters as humidity and temperature in each case are different. The skill of the performer also plays a role: if a pro is able to work out almost any batch, then a beginner, faced with a complex consistency, is likely to “lock up” the solution.

In addition to perlite, sand, lime, microfiber can be added to the batch to increase the strength of the resulting surface and reduce the likelihood of cracking. When using a ready-made plasticizer, the proportions are maintained according to the instructions, if PVA is used - for each liter of closing liquid - 50 ml of glue. To prevent the solution from flowing over the surface, its consistency should resemble thick sour cream. It is almost impossible to achieve ideal proportions only on the basis of typical recipes. Adhering to the basic recommendations, you will have to try different “variations on the theme” until the most suitable one for a particular situation is selected.

Motorist believes that to obtain a warm plaster, it is enough to simply replace the proportion of sand, in whole or in part, with perlite. Using the example of his friend, he was convinced of the effectiveness of a solution consisting of a part of cement, two parts of sand and two parts of perlite, a friend did not use foaming agents, the plaster lay down normally and keeps well. The only difference between a regular and a warm solution is that the latter must be kneaded dry, after a few minutes the filler will release the absorbed moisture and the consistency will be “what the doctor ordered”.

Village and people FORUMHOUSE participant

I did plastering 2 years ago, we don’t live in the house yet, nothing cracked, it’s not heated in winter. The ratio of perlite M-75 and cement M 500 by volume was 7:1, plus fiber (about 10-12), plus foaming agent Cemaplast (lime substitute). The fiber was thrown according to the volume according to the instructions, and the cemaplast was proportional to the cement.

Samurai Jack I chose warm plaster, and decided to do it myself, experimentally choosing a composition suitable for my conditions. The ratio of cement and perlite is in the range from 1/4 to 1/8 by volume, slaked lime is required at the rate of 0.5 parts by weight of cement. Also, the addition of polypropylene fiber to the plaster, but only polypropylene, since fiberglass is destroyed in the alkaline environment of cement. As a foaming agent, dishwashing detergents showed themselves well - about 0.1% by weight of cement.

sector In practice, I got the following:

• Perlite - a bag of 60 liters;
• Cement - 19 kg;
• Water - 19 liters;
• Fiber - according to the instructions.

Among the three sold fractions of perlite, Sektor advises taking medium-sized granules (pictured in the center).

The solution is kneaded in a concrete mixer or manually, but using a construction mixer, the dry components are mixed together, the fiber and liquid additives are mixed into the water. The resulting liquid is added to the dry mixture and mixed until smooth. After solidification in the solution, a large number of air pores are formed.

Application of warm plaster

Working with a perlite-based mortar practically does not differ from the DSP plastering technology - the surface is cleaned of dirt and dust, if necessary, primed with deep penetration impregnations, and moistened before applying the mortar. It is not recommended to try to sketch and level cleanly a layer with a thickness of more than 1.5-2 cm in one approach. It is better to divide the process into two stages, first sketching a rough layer, strengthening the beacons along it, and then sketching the finish and align with the beacons.

5630 09/18/2019 7 min.

Warm plaster is a mixture for construction work, which is endowed with insulating components and their binders. Use the mixture for interior work in the house and for the facades of buildings. The use of warm plaster occurs in two main directions: it is used as an outer layer and as a preparatory one. But in both cases, the material shows its thermal insulation and strength qualities.

Description

What are the ingredients in warm plaster?

1. Filler is a substance that helps to increase the vapor permeability of the entire plaster layer.
2. Plasticizer - a component that gives good elasticity to the plaster.
3. - allows the plaster to be resistant to moisture.
4. White Portland cement or a mixture of lime and gypsum is used as a binder.

There is also structural plaster for interior work, more details about which can be found in the article.

On the video-warm plaster for the facade:

What are the advantages of warm plaster? In addition to the fact that it exhibits high thermal insulation properties, it also has a number of other advantages:

1. Has a small weight. In contrast to conventional plaster, its specific gravity is on average 300 kg/m 3 after the setting process.
2. The layer remains monolithic. Even if there is an impact of external factors such as wind, water, dry air, cracks will not appear, the top layer will fall off and other similar phenomena will not occur.
3. Good adhesive properties. This makes it well suited for all types of substrates. If the layer thickness exceeds 5 cm, then a primer and reinforcing fiberglass should be used.
4. Subject to restoration. If any mechanical damage has occurred, they can be easily repaired. In this case, it is not necessary to completely remove the entire layer of plaster.
5. Convenient to use. For warm plaster, you do not need to purchase a lot of tools. You only need to have a spatula, grater and trowel.
6. Security. This property indicates that it is made of environmentally friendly materials. Therefore, its use is not limited in the processing of facades. It is also used for work inside the house.
7. Finishing. Use such plaster as the last layer when finishing. If you add a coloring vapor-permeable substance to the composition, you can achieve the desired color.

You can learn about decorative plaster for interior wall decoration.

On the video - warm plaster for outdoor work:

Kinds

The classification of plaster occurs depending on which filler affects the thermal insulation properties.

The most commonly used type of warm plaster is that which includes polystyrene foam. This type of plaster is used not only for finishing the facades of the house, but also for:

• additional insulation of the building;
• insulation of doors and window slopes;
• insulation of surfaces in which well masonry was used;
• insulation of sewerage and water supply risers;
• insulation of the ceiling and floor.

When doing interior finishing work, it is important to know what to choose.

How practical and effective is this method of facade insulation? It makes no sense to compare warm plaster with ordinary plaster, since each type carries certain properties. But you can compare warm plaster with a finish called the “light wet method”.

1. Warming the facade of the house with warm plaster is harder than other methods, so you need to use a strong foundation.
2. In order for warm plaster to fully show its properties, it is necessary to make a stronger and thicker layer. Therefore, it is desirable to apply plaster both inside and outside the house.

On the video - warm exterior plaster for ceramic blocks:

Advantages

• the speed of the process;
• no need to use reinforcing mesh;
• wall alignment is not required;
• no need to use additional bridges;
• after finishing, no living creatures, including rodents, will be able to settle in the walls.

But, like all materials, this type of building facade decoration has its drawbacks. Some people pay a lot of attention to them, some don't.

1. It is better to apply an additional decorative layer.
2. The insulation layer is quite thick.

There are several types of plaster, it all depends on what surfaces you want to apply it to. So for walls made of ceramic blocks, you can use the following types of plaster:

1. Traditional brickwork façade.
2. Simple - perhaps the easiest processing method and the cheapest.
3. Ventilated facades are a fairly new method for finishing facades made of ceramic blocks.
4. Warming - here a warming layer is used, which can be attached to the wall. And an additional layer of plaster is applied on top.

It will be interesting to find out what kind of plaster can and should be applied on pinoplex when finishing a house or room.

On the video-warm plaster for outdoor work:

What properties exhibit certain fills that make up the warm plaster?

1. Wood sawdust is the simplest type of filler and the cheapest. And with all this, the most inefficient material. Plaster with sawdust can be prepared even at home.
   
2. Expanded polystyrene - also belongs to the class of inexpensive materials, but has one fairly significant drawback. This material is combustible. This filler is used much less frequently than all other types.
   
3. Perlite - produce and volcanic glass. Obsidian swells under the influence of a high temperature of 110 degrees, as a result, bubbles appear. A significant drawback is the ability to absorb moisture. The plaster, which includes this filler, needs a protective layer.
   
4. Foam glass - quartz sand, which is also foamed. Glass bubbles are non-flammable and waterproof. As a result, it is an ideal filler. For facade work, this type of plaster will be the best option.
   

When choosing one or another type of plaster, you need to pay close attention not only to the price, but also to the composition. After all, having bought cheap plaster, you can doom yourself to buying additional related materials, which will only increase the total cost of insulating the facade of the building.