Do you need a hydraulic gun? Description of the principle of operation, purpose and calculation of hydraulic arrows. Prices for hydraulic separator STOUT

With several circuits, for all its multitasking, there is one serious drawback: it is not able to stably distribute heat along the circuits and quickly adapt to changing parameters of their work. As a result, the system is often unbalanced. Only one device can solve the problem - a heating hydraulic arrow. Why is it so useful and why is it needed? In order to clarify all the important points, then we will take a closer look at the device: what it is, how it works, what its types are, in what situations it is recommended to use it. And after that, thanks to the mini-instructions and video, we will learn how to make a water gun with our own hands.

What is a hydraulic gun

The hydraulic gun is a simple hydraulic buffer in the form of a tube with several nozzles. Manufactured from heat-resistant steel. The hydraulic separator includes the following mandatory structural components:

• lateral branch pipes for giving;
• side pipes for return;
• air vent - in the upper end;
• drain - in the lower end.

Through the supply pipes, the hydraulic arrow is connected to the supply pipes of the system, and through the return pipes - to the return pipeline. With the help of an air vent, excess air is eliminated, which regularly accumulates in the upper zone of the hydraulic separator during the operation of the heating system. The air vent can be both automatic and mechanical - in the form of a Mayevsky crane. A drain is necessary to systematically remove mud deposits that accumulate at the bottom of the device. There are no heating elements or coils inside the device - the pipe is hollow.

Scheme of operation of the hydraulic gun

How a hydraulic gun works

The main essence of the operation of the hydraulic arrow is to separate the flows along different circuits of the heating system. The device can operate in three ways.

• Scheme No. 1: The coolant directly moves from the heating boiler to the heating system, then the pumps accelerate it along the circuits, and it enters the boiler through the hydraulic arrow. In this case, the same flow rates of the coolant through the boiler and through the heating system are observed.
• Scheme No. 2: The coolant moves through the hydraulic arrow from the return line to the supply line. This scheme takes place if a low-power boiler with small-diameter ducts is used. It assumes that the flow through the heating system will be greater than through the heating boiler.

Important! In the second scheme, the boiler operates at the limit of its capabilities, which negatively affects both its service life and the quality of the coolant circulation, therefore this version of the system operation is absolutely not allowed.

• Scheme No. 3: The coolant in a small volume moves through the hydraulic arrow from the supply line to the return line. The return flow enters the boiler heated, which increases its efficiency. This scheme assumes that the heat flow through the boiler is higher than through the heating system.

Scheme No. 3 is considered the most correct and effective option for the operation of a hydraulic gun.

Why do you need a hydraulic gun

The main task of this device is to stabilize the operation of the heating system with several circuits at once. If the house has more than one floor and each has batteries and, and the water is heated from the boiler, we can speak with full confidence about the increased coolant consumption. In such a powerful system, high dynamic pressure and problems with coolant pumping cannot be avoided, and this is fraught with equipment imbalance. In order to avoid problems, it is important to separate the heating system and the heating boiler directly, as well as neutralize the dynamic influence of the circuits on each other - here a special hydraulic arrow will come to the rescue.

Stainless steel hydraulic gun

So, you can’t do without a hydraulic separator in the following situations:

1. One wall-mounted boiler serves an extensive system with increased coolant flow rates.
2. Two wall-mounted boilers serve the same branched combined system.
3. A powerful system is served by two boilers at once: wall and floor type.

Among other things, one cannot fail to mention the advantages of a hydraulic gun:

• exclusion of mutual influence of multifunctional circuits of the heating system;
• alignment of the hydrodynamic balance of the system;
• the ability to connect additional heating components to the system without negative consequences;

How to choose a hydraulic gun

In order to correctly select a hydraulic arrow, you should understand its types and the main functional parameters of the heating system for which it is bought.

Hydroseparators are classified according to several indicators:

• according to the type of section - round and square;
• by the number of supply and return pipes - devices with four, six or eight inlets / outlets;
• by volume;
• according to the methods of supply and removal of the coolant;
• according to the location of the nozzles - with placement along one axis or with alternation.

Before you go to the store, you should calculate the two most important parameters for the operation of your heating system:

• power - the sum of the thermal power of absolutely all circuits;
• the volume of coolant pumped through the system.

With these data in hand, compare them with the operating parameters of the hydraulic arrows being evaluated - all technical information about the separating devices can be found in the attached passports.

Hydrogun do-it-yourself

How to make a water gun

If you do not want to spend money on a water gun, you can try to make it yourself. The main thing here is to correctly perform a series of calculations and have the skills of gas or electric welding.

First, determine the optimal dimensions of the hydraulic separator pipe:

• internal diameter: divide the sum of all heating boiler capacities in kW by the temperature difference between supply and return, take the square root of the resulting parameter, and then multiply the last value by 49;
• height: multiply the inside diameter by six.
• nozzle spacing: multiply the inside diameter by two.

Based on the calculated parameters, draw up a drawing of the future hydraulic gun. Then prepare a steel tube of round or square section, corresponding to the calculated values, and weld into it the required number of threaded fittings.

As you can see, if the house has a complex heating system that serves large areas, you can’t do without a hydraulic arrow. Fortunately, even despite the complex principle of operation and a lot of tasks, this device is quite simple in terms of design, so it’s really possible to do it yourself. So you always have a choice: either buy a water gun or trust your own skills.

When to use a hydraulic gun: video

Hydrogun: photo

So, what is called a hydraulic arrow in the heating system of a private house? The temperature and hydraulic buffer, which provides the processes of correlation of return and supply temperatures, an ordered maximum flow of the coolant, is called a hydraulic arrow. What is a hydraulic arrow for?

It is very easy to explain why a hydraulic arrow is needed in the heating system? Owners of private houses are well aware of what an imbalance in heat supply is. Modern boilers have a smaller circuit. At the same time, the consumption of the consumer during circulation is less. With the help of a hydraulic arrow, you can separate its work from the heat generator of the secondary circuit, increase the reliability and quality of the system.

Hydro separator in the heating system

To understand why a hydraulic arrow is needed in a heating system, it is necessary to name a number of advantages of heating systems with a hydraulic thermal separator. First of all, a separator is a prerequisite for equipment manufacturers to guarantee maintenance on a boiler with a power of up to 50 kilowatts and more. With the help of an auxiliary unit, the maximum flow with a laminar flow of the coolant is ensured. The temperature and hydraulic balance in the heating system is constantly maintained. The hydraulic arrow and the heating circuit are connected in parallel. This creates minimal pressure, performance and heat losses. The supply and return pipes are located on the knee principle. This provides a temperature gradient to the secondary circuits. If you choose the optimal hydraulic arrow for heating, you can protect the boiler from the difference in supply and return temperatures.

The equipment is protected from thermal shock. The hydraulic arrow increases the efficiency of the boiler. In addition, a secondary circulation of a part of the coolant in the boiler circuit is provided. Fuel and electricity are saved. The volume of boiler water is kept constant. If necessary, you can use a separator to compensate for the flow deficit in the secondary circuit. If the pumps have a high power, then their influence can be reduced using a hollow separator. The load is applied to the secondary circuit and the boiler.

Hydrodynamic processes in the system are stabilized by the principle of operation of the hydraulic arrow. In order to extend the life of the pump, it is necessary to remove mechanical impurities from the coolant in a timely manner. In addition, the service life of sensors, meters, valves is extended. When dividing the flows (an independent consumer circuit and a heat generator circuit), the hydraulic arrow ensures maximum use of the heat of combustion of the fuel.

Video: What is a hydraulic arrow (hydraulic arrow)

Hydraulic arrow for heating systems, diagram and how it works

The hydraulic separator is a hollow vertical vessel, which consists of large-diameter pipes (square profile) with elliptical-type end caps. The dimensions of the separator are determined by the power of the boiler, depend on the number and volume of the circuit.

The hydraulic arrow has a massive metal body. It is installed on supports so that there is no linear voltage on the pipeline. Compact devices are attached to the wall using a bracket. The heating pipeline and the branch pipe of the hydraulic arrow are connected using flanges or threads.

An automatic air vent valve is installed at the top of the housing. Sediment can be removed through a special valve or valve. It's cut in at the bottom. As a rule, a hydraulic arrow is made of mild steel or stainless steel, copper, and also polypropylene. The body will be treated with an anti-corrosion compound and covered with insulation.

Important! Polymeric hydraulic arrows are used in systems that operate from a boiler with a capacity of 13-35 kilowatts. For heat generators that operate on solid fuels, polypropylene hydraulic arrows are NOT used.

Additional parameters of the heating system equipment

Modern models, as a rule, combine with the function of a separator, temperature controller and separator. The thermostatic valve provides a temperature gradient on the secondary circuit. The release of dissolved oxygen from the coolant reduces the risk of erosion of the internal surfaces of the equipment. The removal of suspended particles from the flow will help to extend the life of the wheel and bearings of the circulation pumps.

Perforated horizontal partitions divide the internal volume in half. The feed return flows are connected in the zero point zone, slide in different directions, without creating additional resistance.

In the high temperature zone there are porous vertical deaeration plates. The sludge collector and magnetic trap are located in the lower part of the body.

The hydraulic gun has some design features. So, it has a temperature sensor, a pressure gauge, a thermostat and a valve, as well as a line for powering the system when turned on. Complex equipment requires adjustment, frequent inspections, and maintenance.
The work of the hydraulic arrow in the heating system

In the coolant, the flow passes at a speed of 0.2 meters per second. The boiler pump accelerates boiling water to 0.9 meters per second. According to the recommended speed mode, you can understand what the hydraulic arrow is intended for.

By changing the direction of flow, the speed of water flows is extinguished with minimal heat loss in the system. Laminar flow results in almost no hydraulic resistance in the housing. The buffer zone divides the boiler into a consumer circuit. Autonomous operation of the pump on each heating circuit is ensured. The hydraulic balance is not disturbed.

The calculated parameters of the system correspond to the neutral mode of operation of the hydraulic separator, in which such parameters as pressure, temperature and flow correspond. Pumping equipment has sufficient total capacity. Suspended particles are deposited in the hydraulic arrow by means of a laminar flow movement.

The principle of operation of the hydraulic arrow is reflected. At the same time, the boiler does not have sufficient power to ensure the flow in the secondary circuit. Thermal sensors are triggered by the difference in flow-return temperatures. With a shortage of flow, cold water (heat carrier) is mixed. Automatic equipment brings the heat generator to the maximum combustion mode. But the consumer does not receive enough heat. If the heating system is unbalanced, there is a risk of thermal shock.

On the primary circuit, the volume flow is greater than the flow rate of the coolant of the dependent circuit. If the boiler is operating in optimal mode, then when the unit is ignited or when the pumps of the secondary circuits are turned off in parallel, the coolant circulates through the hydraulic arrow along the primary circuit. The return temperature entering the boiler is equalized by topping up the coolant from the supply. The consumer receives a sufficient amount of coolant.

A condition is considered mandatory under which the manufacturer, who owns the circulation pump of the primary circuit, is 10 percent more than the total head of the pumps in the secondary circuit.

How to calculate the parameters of a hydraulic arrow in a home heating system

Remarkable! The formulas for calculating the hydraulic arrow for heating are obtained empirically. The diameter of the inlet pipe to the hydraulic separator corresponds to the diameter of the boiler outlet.

For example, if you determine the parameters of the hydraulic arrow in a practical way, then the approximate size for small separators must be selected according to the diameter of the outlet pipes. The distance between the tie-ins is at least 10 choke diameters. The height of the body will be much greater than the diameter of the pipes.

The cranked circuit of the hydraulic arrow for heating is used in the selection of large installations. According to the 3D rule, the body diameter will be three nozzle diameters. The 3D distance is determined by the proportions of the structure.

If there is no distribution manifold in the system, then the number of tie-ins to the separator will be greater. The pipeline that connects the first circuit to the hydraulic switch is distributed in height. This method makes it possible to control the temperature gradient in dynamics. The condition must be met for the high-quality selection of the coolant by the secondary circuits. A boiler is needed to heat small houses. It has a pump built into it. The secondary circuits are connected to the boiler by means of a hydraulic switch. Independent circuits in residential buildings with a large area are connected through a comb. In this case, the hydraulic separator will be large. The distribution manifold is installed after the hydraulic switch. The device consists of two independent parts. They are connected by jumpers. According to the number of secondary circuits, branch pipes are cut in pairs.

• Due to the distribution comb, the operation and repair of equipment is facilitated. The control and shut-off valves of the heat supply system of the house are located in one place. The increased diameter of the collector creates a uniform flow between different circuits.
• The coplanar distribution manifold and separator form a hydraulic module in combination. The compact unit is convenient for boiler rooms that do not have a large area.
• Mounting releases are created for strapping with an asterisk. The underfloor heating low pressure circuit is connected from below. The high-pressure radiator circuit is connected to the system from above.
• The heat exchanger is installed on the side, on the opposite side from the hydraulic switch.

With the help of control valves, maximum flow is ensured, as well as pressure on the circuits farthest from the hydraulic arrow. Through balancing, the processes of incorrect throttled flow are reduced. This makes it possible to obtain the calculated coolant supply.

Important! An autonomous heating system is a circuit that operates with a high temperature medium under pressure.

In order to make a hydraulic arrow in the heating system of a private house, you need to have special skills. In addition, you need to have certain knowledge in thermal engineering. Today, there are many sites that provide step-by-step instructions for creating a do-it-yourself hydraulic arrow for a heating system.

Boiler room equipment is a separate extensive topic, which we have already somehow touched upon. One of the elements of the boiler room, which is constantly on hearing, is the hydraulic separator. In this article, we will touch on the principle of operation of the hydro insole, why it is needed and its main purpose.

In pursuit of additional profit, many sellers, managers and even production workers are ready to tell anything they want if it will help sell the product. So various miracle hoses appear, incredibly reliable boilers and so on.

But the real scope for the activity of swindlers is goods about which the consumer knows little. Heard something about its benefits, but does not know what it is.

One of these devices, fanned by a mass of legends and rumors, is a hydraulic gun. The device is necessary, but for a very specific task, everything else is marketing and profanity.

Hydrogun device

This is just a small pipe with a cross section in the form of a circle or a rectangle, in which there are four nozzles through which heat flows to the consumer in one direction and return to the boiler in the other.

The purpose of the hydraulic arrow is to separate the boiler circuit and the consumer circuit.

The hydraulic separator can be placed both vertically and horizontally, it all depends on the characteristics of the room. Most often they are placed vertically, since in this position it is easier to install an air vent on top, and at the bottom - a tap to remove unnecessary substances.

The principle of operation of the hydraulic gun is such that it cannot work independently, a complex is needed. The whole system includes the following components:

• The water gun itself
• Main manifold
• Pump groups (one direct and two mixing)
• strapping
• control controller

The principle of operation of the hydraulic gun

Manufacturers and cunning marketers declare three possible modes of operation of the hydraulic gun. While experts say that there is only one way to use this device.

When the boiler provides more energy than the entire heating system of the consumer needs, in this case, the excess heat returns in the direction of the arrow to the boiler itself.

This protects our boiler from the return flow, which, at low thermal values, can damage the entire system and provide additional heating.

The main principle of operation of the hydraulic gun- not manipulations with the redistribution of heat between the main supply and return, but ensuring the possibility of operation of pumps of all circuits of the heating system.

Let us explain: if one powerful pump gives increased pressure to one of the circuits, then the second pump, which is weaker in its characteristics, ceases to perform its task and takes absolutely nothing, which causes interruptions, temperature drops and other troubles.

The hydraulic separator creates an area of ​​zero resistance. Thanks to this, it is possible to distribute the load evenly over all circuits and pumps, and there will never be such problems. Uniformity also makes it possible to increase the stability and reliability of the entire system as a whole, since none of the sections is no longer subjected to critical loads.

Alternative modes of operation of the hydraulic gun

Despite the fact that the correct principle of operation of the hydraulic gun is only the method described above, it must be borne in mind that there is a technical possibility to use an alternative.

One of them is when the boiler works in a balanced way, it gives off as much heat as it goes to the return line. But this condition is similar to a spherical horse in a vacuum, since the complete identity of the values ​​of Q1 (boiler circuit) and Q2 (consumer circuit) is achieved extremely rarely and for very short periods of time. So it is impossible to seriously build work on this mode.

The second mode of operation of the hydraulic gun is a threat and should be avoided in every possible way.

It is based on the fact that the boiler gives off less heat than the consumer needs, and in this case, part of the heat from the return flow through the hydraulic separator goes back to the consumption circuit, which does not benefit either the system or consumers.

The disadvantages are obvious - the return to the boiler goes with lower temperature values, that is, the boiler actually cools down when the return coolant is received, which is prohibited by all standards, GOSTs and even common sense, since the total power delivered to the consumption circuit becomes less and the desired result is not is achieved.

Additional features and myths

It is believed that the design of the hydraulic gun also allows you to perform the following tasks:

• Boiler thermal shock protection
• Increasing the durability of the heating system
• Increases the coefficient of performance (COP) of the boiler

However, independent experts argue that these are just fairy tales to increase sales.

At the same time, there are still additional options, these are additional protection against dirt, air removal, protection of the boiler from a return with a low temperature.

But these functions can be provided by much cheaper devices.

When and under what conditions should a hydraulic gun be installed?

The boundary of the need to include such a device as a hydraulic arrow in the heating system, in the boiler room, is considered individually and depends on a number of conditions - the power of the pumps, their interaction, the total power of the system, the presence of additional boilers used in conjunction with the main one.

Professional engineers recommend including a hydraulic arrow in the heating system when the number of boilers is more than one and the number of pumps is more than three. Otherwise, there is no need for it. It will not hurt, but there will be no benefit from complicating the whole structure.

Therefore, this device is only suitable for a large branched system, for example, in apartment buildings or large summer cottages with a large number of outbuildings, otherwise. Especially when there is only one or two pumps, this is simply a waste of money and an inefficient use of funds.

Heating systems in their modern form are complex structures equipped with different equipment. Their effective work is accompanied by the optimal balancing of all their constituent elements. The hydraulic arrow for heating is designed to provide balance. Its principle of action is worth understanding, do you agree?

We will talk about how the hydraulic separator works, what advantages the heating circuit equipped with it has. The article presented by us describes the rules for installation and connection. Useful tips for use are provided.

A hydraulic arrow for heating is more often called a hydraulic separator. From this it becomes clear that this system is intended for implementation in heating circuits.

Heating involves the use of several circuits, for example, such as:

• lines with groups of radiators;
• underfloor heating system;
• hot water supply through a boiler.

In the absence of a hydraulic arrow for such a heating system, you will either have to make a carefully calculated project for each circuit, or equip each circuit with an individual one.

But even in these cases, there is no complete certainty that an optimal balance will be achieved.

Approximately this can be considered the classical design of hydraulic separators made on the basis of round or rectangular pipes. A simple but effective solution that radically changes the state of the heating system with the participation of the boiler

Meanwhile, the problem is solved simply. It is only necessary to apply a hydraulic separator in the scheme - a hydraulic arrow. Thus, all circuits included in the system will be optimally separated without the risk of hydraulic losses in each of them.

Hydrogun - the name is "everyday". The correct name corresponds to the definition - "hydraulic separator". From a constructive point of view, the device looks like a piece of an ordinary hollow pipe (round, rectangular sections).

Both end sections of the pipe are plugged with metal pancakes, and on different sides of the body there are inlet / outlet pipes (a pair on each side).

The natural appearance of the products is hydraulic arrows made of a rectangular and round pipe. Both options show high efficiency. However, hydraulic arrows based on round pipes are still considered the preferred option.

Traditionally, the completion of installation work is the beginning of the next process - testing. The created plumbing structure is filled with water (T = 5 - 15 ° C), after which the heating boiler is started.

Until the moment when the coolant is heated to the required temperature (set by the boiler program), the water flow "spins" by the circulation pump of the primary circuit. The circulation pumps of the secondary circuits are not connected. The coolant is directed along the hydraulic arrow from the hot side to the cold side (Q1 > Q2).

If the set temperature is reached, the secondary circuits of the heating system are activated. The coolant flows of the main and secondary circuits are aligned. The hydraulic arrow in such conditions functions only as a filter and an air vent (Q1 = Q2).

Functional diagram of the action of a classic hydraulic switch for three different modes of operation of the boiler. The scheme clearly indicates the distribution of heat flows for each individual operating mode of boiler equipment

If some part (for example, the underfloor heating circuit) of the heating system reaches the predetermined warm-up point, the coolant withdrawal by the secondary circuit is temporarily stopped. The circulation pump is turned off automatically, and the water flow is directed through the hydraulic arrow from the cold side to the hot (Q1< Q2).

Design parameters of the hydraulic arrow

The main reference parameter for the calculation is the speed of the coolant in the section of vertical movement inside the hydraulic arrow. Usually the recommended value is not more than 0.1 m/s, under either of the two conditions (Q1 = Q2 or Q1< Q2).

The small value of the speed is due to quite reasonable conclusions. At this speed, the debris (sludge, sand, limestone, etc.) contained in the water flow has time to settle to the bottom of the hydraulic arrow pipe. In addition, due to the low speed, the necessary temperature head has time to form.

Two constructive types of hydraulic arrows, for which calculations are usually carried out: 1 - for three diameters; 2 - by alternating branch pipes. Regardless of the adoption of a particular methodology, the basic calculation parameters are always typical - the coolant flow rate along the circuits and the speed parameter

The low transfer rate of the coolant contributes to a better separation of air from water for subsequent withdrawal through the air vent of the hydraulic separation system. In general, the standard parameter is chosen taking into account all significant factors.

For calculations, the so-called method of three diameters and alternating nozzles is often used. Here, the final design parameter is the value of the separator diameter.

Based on the obtained value, all other required values ​​are calculated. However, to find out the size of the hydraulic separator diameter, you need data:

• by flow on the primary circuit (Q1);
• by flow on the secondary circuit (Q2);
• the speed of the vertical flow of water along the hydraulic arrow (V).

In fact, these data for the calculation are always available.

For example, the flow rate in the primary circuit is 50 l/min. (from pump data sheet 1). The flow rate on the second circuit is 100 l/min. (from pump data sheet 2). The value of the diameter of the hydraulic arrow is calculated by the formula:

The formula for calculating the diameter of the hydraulic arrow pipe depending on the parameters of the coolant flow rate (flow rate according to the pump characteristics) and the vertical flow rate

where: Q is the difference between Q1 and Q2 costs; V is the speed of the vertical flow inside the arrow (0.1 m/s), π is a constant value of 3.14.

Meanwhile, the diameter of the hydraulic separator (conditional) can be selected using a table of approximate standard values.

The height parameter for the heat flow separation device is not critical. In fact, any height of the pipe can be taken, but taking into account the levels of supply of incoming / outgoing pipelines.

Schematic solution for shifting nozzles

The classic version of the hydraulic separator involves the creation of pipes symmetrically located relative to one another. However, a circuit variant of a slightly different configuration is also practiced, where the nozzles are arranged asymmetrically. What does it give?

Scheme of manufacturing a hydraulic separator, in which the branch pipes of the secondary circuit are somewhat offset relative to the pipes of the primary circuit. According to the inventors (and proven by practice), this option seems to be more productive in terms of particle filtration and air separation.

As the practical application of asymmetric schemes shows, in this case, more efficient air separation occurs, and better filtration (settlement) of suspended particles present in the coolant is also achieved.

Number of connections on the hydraulic arrow

Classical circuitry determines the supply of four pipelines to the design of the hydraulic separator. This inevitably raises the question of the possibility of increasing the number of inputs/outputs. In principle, such a constructive approach is not excluded. However, the efficiency of the circuit decreases with an increase in the number of inlets/outlets.

Let's consider a possible option with a large number of nozzles, unlike the classics, and analyze the operation of the hydraulic separation system for such installation conditions.

Scheme of a separator for multichannel distribution of heat flows. This option allows you to serve more voluminous systems, but if the number of nozzles increases more than four, the efficiency of the system as a whole decreases sharply

In this case, the heat flux Q1 is completely absorbed by the heat flux Q2 for the state of the system, when the flow rate for these flows is actually equivalent:

In the same state of the system, the heat flux Q3 in terms of temperature is approximately equal to the average values ​​of Tav., Flowing through the return lines (Q6, Q7, Q8). At the same time, there is an insignificant temperature difference in the lines with Q3 and Q4.

If the heat flux Q1 becomes equal in terms of the thermal component Q2 + Q3, the distribution of the temperature difference is noted in the following dependence:

T1=T2, T4=T5,

whereas

Т3= Т1+Т5/2.

If the heat flow Q1 becomes equal to the sum of the heat of all other flows Q2, Q3, Q4, in this state all four temperature differences are equalized (T1=T2=T3=T4).

Multi-channel dividing system for four inputs / four outputs, quite often used in practice. For maintenance of heating systems of a private sector, this solution is quite satisfactory in terms of technological parameters and stabilization of the boiler

With this state of affairs on multichannel systems (more than four), the following factors are noted that have a negative impact on the operation of the device as a whole:

• natural convection inside the hydraulic separator is reduced;
• the effect of natural mixing of the supply with the return is reduced;
• the overall efficiency of the system tends to zero.

It turns out that the departure from the classical scheme with an increase in the number of outlet pipes almost completely eliminates the working property that a gyro gun should have.

Low loss header without filter

The design of the arrow, where the presence of the functions of an air separator and a sump filter, also deviates somewhat from the accepted standard. Meanwhile, on such a design, two flows with different speeds can be obtained (dynamically independent circuits).

Non-standard constructive solution for the manufacture of hydraulic guns. It differs from the classics in that there are no filtration and air outlet functions. In addition, the distribution of heat flows has a scheme of perpendicular transport, which achieves decoupling in speed

For example, there is the heat flow of the boiler circuit and the heat flow of the circuit (radiators). Non-standard design, where the flow direction is perpendicular, the flow rate of the secondary circuit with heating devices increases significantly.

On the contour of the boiler, on the contrary, the movement is slowed down. True, this is a purely theoretical view. Practically it is necessary to test in specific conditions.

What is the use of a hydraulic gun?

The need to use the classical design of the hydraulic separator is obvious. Moreover, on systems with boilers, the introduction of this element becomes a mandatory action.

Installing a hydraulic arrow in a system serviced by a boiler ensures the stability of flows (coolant flow). As a result, the risk of occurrence and temperature jumps is completely eliminated.

Examples of hydraulic arrows in a classic simple design based on plastic pipelines. Now such structures can be found even more often than metal ones. The effectiveness of the action is almost the same as that of metal ones, but the fact of saving on the device and implementation in the system

For any conventional, made without a hydraulic separator, the shutdown of some of the lines is inevitably accompanied by a sharp rise in the temperature of the boiler circuit due to low flow. At the same time, a strongly cooled reverse flow returns.

There is a risk of water hammer formation. Such phenomena are fraught with a rapid failure of the boiler and significantly reduce the life of the equipment.

For household systems, in most cases, plastic structures are successfully suited. This application seems to be more economical to install.

In addition, the use of fittings makes it possible to mount and connect plastic hydraulic arrows without welding. From a service point of view, such solutions are also welcome, as the low loss header mounted on fittings can be easily removed at any time.

Conclusions and useful video on the topic

Video about practical application: when it becomes necessary to install a hydraulic gun, and when it is not needed.

It is difficult to overestimate the importance of the hydraulic arrow in the distribution of heat flows. This is really necessary equipment that should be installed on each individual heating and hot water system.

Please write comments in the block below, publish photos on the topic of the article, ask questions. Tell us about how the heating system was equipped with a hydraulic arrow. Describe how the operation of the network has changed after its installation, what advantages the system has acquired after including this device in the scheme.

Often, on the pages of Internet resources, you can find a very concise, written only in technical terms, description hydroguns. In this article, we will try to reveal what is a hydraulic gun and why is it needed.

Hydrogun- used for hydraulic separation of flows. Thus, the hydraulic separator is a kind of channel between the circuits, which allows you to make dynamically independent circuits for transferring movement from the coolant. More often on the Internet, the official name is used: hydro gun —hydraulic separator.

Why do you need a hydraulic arrow in the heating system?

In a heating system, a hydraulic arrow is a link between two separate heat transfer circuits and it completely neutralizes the dynamic influence between the circuits. She has two purposes:

• firstly, it eliminates the hydrodynamic influence, when turning off and on some circuits in the heating system, on the entire hydrodynamic balance. For example, when using radiator heating, underfloor heating and boiler heating, it makes sense to separate each flow into a separate circuit in order to exclude influence on each other. ()
• the second - with a small flow rate of the coolant - it should receive a large flow rate for the second, artificially created circuit. For example, when using a boiler with a flow rate of 40 l / min, the heating system turns out to be 2-3 times more in flow (consumes 120 l / min). In this case, it is advisable to install the first circuit as the boiler circuit and install the heating decoupling system as the second circuit. In general, it is not economically feasible to accelerate the boiler more than it is provided by the boiler manufacturer, in this case, the hydraulic resistance also increases, it either does not provide the required flow rate, or increases the fluid movement load, which leads to increased pump power consumption.

On what principle does a hydraulic gun work?

The circulation of the coolant in the primary circuit is created using the first pump. The second pump creates circulation through the hydraulic arrow in the second circuit. Thus, the coolant is mixed in the hydraulic arrow. If the flow rate in both circuits is the same for us, then the coolant freely penetrates from circuit to circuit, creating, as it were, a single, common circuit. In this case, no vertical movement is created in the hydraulic gun, or this movement is close to zero. If the flow rate in the second circuit is greater than in the first circuit, then the coolant moves from bottom to top in the hydraulic arrow and, with an increased flow rate in the first circuit, from top to bottom.

And when setting up the hydraulic gun, you need to achieve a minimum vertical movement. Economic calculation shows that this movement should not exceed 0.1 m/s.

Why reduce the vertical speed in a hydraulic gun?

The hydraulic arrow also serves as a sump for debris in the system; at low vertical speeds, the garbage gradually settles in the hydraulic arrow, being removed from the heating system.

Creation of natural convection of the coolant in the hydraulic arrow, so the cold coolant goes down, and the hot one rushes up. Thus, the necessary temperature difference is created. When using a warm floor, it is possible to obtain a lower temperature of the coolant in the secondary circuit, and a higher temperature for the boiler, ensuring rapid heating of the water.

Reducing the hydraulic resistance in the hydraulic arrow,

Separation of microscopic air bubbles from the coolant, thereby removing it from the heating system through the air vent.

How to find out that you need a hydraulic gun?

As a rule, a hydraulic arrow is installed in houses with an area of ​​\u200b\u200bmore than 200 sq.m., in those houses where there is a complex heating system. Where the distribution of the coolant into several circuits is used. It is desirable to make such circuits independent of others in the general heating system. The hydraulic arrow allows you to create a perfectly stable heating system and distribute heat throughout the house in the right proportions. When using such a system, the distribution of heat along the contours becomes accurate and deviations from the set parameters are excluded.

Benefits of using hydraulic guns.

Protection of cast iron heat exchangers eliminating thermal shock. In a conventional system, without the use of a hydraulic arrow, a sharp increase in temperature is created when some branches are turned off and the subsequent arrival of an already cold coolant. The hydraulic arrow gives a constant boiler flow, reducing the temperature difference between supply and return.

Increases the durability and reliability of boiler equipment due to stable operation without temperature fluctuations.

Lack of imbalance and creation of hydraulic stability of the heating system. It is the hydraulic arrow that allows you to increase the additional flow rate of the coolant, which is very difficult to achieve by installing additional pumps.

The principle of operation of the hydraulic arrow video