What is the name of the frozen lava in minecraft. DIY magic lava lamps. How to make a lava lamp at home

In this project, I will show you how to make a lava lamp with your own hands from a wine bottle.

Step 1: Materials

Plywood 2.5 * 20 * 30 cm. All wooden elements will be cut from this piece of plywood. When calculating, keep in mind that the parameters of your wood will differ from mine.
Nails and nail gun. You can use any method of holding the pieces together, but be prepared to work with boards that don't fit together a bit. I originally used wood glue but found it wasn't strong enough to hold those gaps together.
75 watt soft light bulb
Socket for a lamp with a diameter of not more than 10 cm
Scotch
Two-core wire (you will have to cut it)
Regular 750 ml wine bottle
bottle cap
Something to caulk the cracks - I found a few places in the lava lamp where the light was coming from - you will need to caulk a couple of gaps.
Baby\mineral oil
70% isopropyl alcohol
Antifreeze
Oil paints or pastels
Food coloring (optional)
Spray paint (optional)
Lacquer for furniture finishing (optional)

Step 2: Making the Lamp Base Plate

It is important to remember that although the project creates a truncated pyramid base, you can create a base of any shape. The main thing is that a cartridge with a lamp is placed inside, and the bottle can stand on top. The foundation that I made at home involves the ability to work with wood.

Start by cutting out a 15cm square base. Then cut the wire through which the electricity will be supplied. Separate the strands of this wire and firmly fix them in the cartridge. Since we're working with a light bulb, we don't need to know which wire is connected to which terminal. If necessary, additionally insulate the wires with electrical tape.

Step 3: Creating the Sides of the Base

Creating the sides of the base is the most difficult part of the project. The attached pictures show the number of cuts that make it possible to make the base in the form of a truncated pyramid. Below I will describe each cut, but the pictures will be more visual. You will need both a regular saw and an angled circular saw.

Using a saw, cut the wood at a 15 degree angle on both sides of the board. Make two cuts in the part of the wood that will be connected to the base.

Using an angled circular saw, set the bevel angle to 33 degrees and the bevel angle to 15 degrees. Make appropriate cuts.

Make 4 identical sides (they should be about 18 cm at the base and about 11 cm at the top) that will be connected to the 15 cm bottom. In one of the sides you need to make a hole for the wire.

Step 4: Making the Wine Bottle Base

This part of the very post is a square with a side length of about 10 cm and an angle of 15 degrees. Cut a hole with a suitable drill bit and create a recess for the base of the bottle.

Step 5: Assembly

Connect four trapezoid parts together. I used wood glue for this, and then secured everything with nails. Adjust the base with the cartridge to the size of our truncated pyramid. Make sure the wire is not pinched between wood joints. I pre-drilled holes in the square base and threaded screws through them. This way, if necessary, I can unscrew the bottom and replace the light bulb.

Lastly, glue the top part (the one that will hold the bottle).

Step 6: Chemicals

To create a really good lava lamp, you need to understand how it works. The "lava" in the lamp is usually oil, and the clear liquid is usually an alcohol solution. These two substances do not mix. The magic begins when the light bulb starts to heat up the oil. Since the density of oil and alcohol is very close, the heat from the light bulb is enough to make a difference in which substance is denser. As oil becomes less dense than alcohol, it rises to the top, then cools, becomes denser, and sinks down.

The precision with which you create the mixture is very important. Many hours have gone into trying to find the right ratios of various chemicals, including antifreeze, turpentine, vegetable oil, baby oil, isopropyl alcohol, water, paint, pastels, and food coloring, and I still haven't found the perfect solution. However, I have created several work lamps, so I will try to summarize some of the most effective blends I have created.

The procedure is standard: mix all oils and oil paints together, mix all water and water-soluble liquids separately. Adding chemicals in the wrong order or too quickly can lead to foggy and other undesirable effects.

Measure:

15 ml antifreeze
830 ml 70% isopropyl alcohol
20 ml soy wax
30 ml baby/mineral oil

Mix soy wax and oil. Add oil paint if desired. This mixture will be called "lava".
Place the lava (together with the container) in a pot of boiling water. Stir continuously until you get a homogeneous liquid. Carefully remove the lava from the pan and let cool.
In another container, mix antifreeze with alcohol.
Pour the alcohol mixture into a wine bottle. It is very important to do this before you pour the wax mixture into it - if the wax is poured first, it will cover the walls of the bottle and the lamp will not create the right effect.
Pour the lava into the wine bottle as slowly as you can. This will reduce the hazy effect.
Insert the cork into the bottle and place the bottle on the base of the lamp. Let the liquid about an hour to come to a state of readiness.

If the liquid in the lamp becomes "foggy", place the lamp on a heat source until the liquid returns to normal. Then put the bottle in the refrigerator for a couple of hours and return it to the heat source.

A lava lamp can be made with your own hands using substances characterized by different densities. There are several instructions for creating a fluid structure that mimics lava, and it is important to make sure that the device is safe to use. This product has an attractive appearance, so it is popular. However, the lava lamp is characterized by conditional restrictions on its use. It is advisable to install it where the interior is made in the appropriate style.

Features of lava lamps

This is a decorative lamp designed to be placed on a table. It is characterized by large dimensions, elliptical shape, sometimes the body is made in the form of a cylinder. Has a small stand. The top cap of the case is opaque. The decorative effect is created thanks to translucent glass, inside which there are substances characterized by different structures and densities.

Such lamps work on the principle of interaction of liquids in conditions of periodic and gradual increase in temperature. Inside the glass flask contains glycerin and translucent paraffin. Both substances are subject to temperature fluctuations. For example, paraffin rises when heated. When the temperature drops, it sinks. Given that the flask contains a heterogeneous substance, when the environmental conditions change, paraffin droplets move chaotically.

In addition, the heating of the contents of the glass flask is carried out unevenly, which also leads to a chaotic rise of the denser substance. This principle of operation allows you to create the appearance of lava movement. At the bottom of the structure is a source of heat and light (incandescent lamp). When connected to mains voltage, the heat transfer process begins. In this case, the light bulb heats the liquid, helping to move the paraffin upwards. However, in the process, it cools down and settles to the bottom again.

As a result, the paraffin stops rising, along with this, a large number of bubbles appear. If there is a need for long operation, you can periodically turn off the lamp for 1 hour.

Advantages and functions of a lava lamp

The size of the device is large (40 cm). The design provides for a moderately bright light source, which allows it to be used as a lighting fixture. The area of illumination of a lava lamp is 2-3 m, and paraffin moves inside the flask, which means that the product will emit weak light. The characteristics of the device are enough to operate it as a night light.

The lava lamp performs another function - it decorates the interior. It contains substances that are characterized by a bright color, which, along with the ability to move paraffin inside the flask, can improve the design of the room. They buy a lamp of this type to decorate a room, entertain guests, as a gift. Product advantages:

no need for special care;
attractive and original appearance;
universality;
ease of operation;
relatively low power consumption, since the design provides for a low power incandescent lamp (25-40 W).

Making a lava lamp with your own hands

If the lava lamp is made by hand, you will need a glass container, which will be filled later with an oil solution. In order for the device to serve for a long time, you will need a high-strength glass bulb. This will not only avoid accidental damage, but also protect the owner of this product from electric shock, since a light source is installed inside the structure, and the lamp itself is connected to the mains voltage.

At home, other liquids are used that will achieve the desired effect: vegetable oil, alcohol and distilled water. It is best to use castor oil. Other materials:

incandescent bulb with a power of 25-40 W;
the base is made of wood, metal or ceramic, it is important that it withstands elevated temperatures;
power cable with plug;
rubber insert;
metal spring;
dyes, which are used to color oil and water.

The paraffin or wax used in the manufacture of lava lamps has an improved structure, which ensures ductility and smooth movement of the substance. In everyday life, it is difficult to achieve exactly the same effect. It is permissible to use a ceramic pot as a base. You can use any other device. To supply power to the light bulb, a hole is made in the side part, a lamp holder with an E14 base is fixed at the top of the stand. Then the power cable is connected to the plug.

A rubber ring is fixed on the stand, which will act as a seal. At the next stage, a glass vessel is inserted into its upper part. A spring is placed at the bottom, after compressing it. This element will contribute to a better distribution of heat within the structure. During the manufacturing process, lava will acquire the desired structure and color. Sequencing:

A mixture is prepared (oil in water and alcohol), you can take the components in an arbitrary amount, but it is important that the oil concentration is higher. The ratio of substances is determined by the density of the aqueous solution.
If desired, change the shade of water-based alcohol by adding ink of the desired shade. The dye is taken in an arbitrary amount. If the color of the solution is too light, you can add more ink.
To change the shade of the oil, use oil paints.

The finished mixture is poured into a glass container. If the oil floats without heating, add a little more alcohol. The flask should not be filled to the top, leaving a small gap, which will allow the liquid to expand when heated. The result is a magic lamp. To reduce the intensity of heat loss, cover the top of the container with a lid and tighten tightly.

Making a temporary lava lamp

You can achieve the desired effect without connecting to a power source, but in this case, the oil solution will rise in a glass container for a short period. Materials for work:

glass container;
oil and water;
food coloring;
effervescent tablets: Alka-Seltzer, water-soluble vitamin C.

Pour oil into the bottle so that it fills ¾ of the volume. The amount of water is ¼ of the volume of the bottle. Also add food coloring of the desired color. For a volume of 0.5 liters, 10 drops are enough. The same amount will require 1 tablet with a hissing effect. It must first be divided into several sections. The bottle is closed and shaken several times. This will begin the process of rising vegetable oil, which occurs due to the formation of air bubbles in its drops.

To enhance the effect, a flashlight beam is directed to the bottom of the bottle or a container is placed on a light source.. When the process of formation of air bubbles starts to decline, you can open the lid and add another tablet. If you follow these instructions, you will not have to use alcohol, in addition, this option does not require a connection to a power source, which means it is not dangerous. If desired, use different shades of food coloring, you can make several lava lamps. The result is a fun activity for kids.

There is no such person in the world who would not like to relax sometimes, forgetting about pressing problems, to look at something pleasant and soothing. But it is rarely possible to sit by the fire, looking at the fire, or think about the meaning of life to the sound of a waterfall. As it turned out, on the shelves of stores there is an item that has a calming function, it is called a "lava lamp".

Surely someone has seen similar devices on sale, but the price is a little embarrassing. It makes sense to figure out whether it is possible to make such a device at home with your own hands.

Device and manufacturing capability

This device was invented in the mid-60s by the Englishman Walker, and was a glass jar containing oil and liquid paraffin. A simple light bulb was installed under it, which heated the container. According to the laws of physics, the heated paraffin rose up, and when it cooled down, it again sank to the bottom. This bewitching movement of bizarre forms of paraffin gave rise to the wide distribution of the lava lamp.

So if even in the middle of the last century it was possible to make such a device, then it should not be difficult to make a lava lamp at home with your own hands these days?

Temporary lava lamp

So, for the manufacture we need the presence of some ingredients:

olive or sunflower oil;
any dye, preferably food, but even ordinary juice will do;
jar;
effervescent tablet (any).

How to make a lava lamp at home is a question with a simple answer. It is only necessary to fill the container with juice or dye by two-thirds, the rest is filled with sunflower or olive oil. After some time, you can see a clear boundary between the liquids. It remains only to throw a pop tablet into a jar and watch what is happening, enjoying the incredible effect in the resulting device.

This method is completely safe, and therefore it can be used in educational games with children, while explaining the laws of physics. By the way, if there are no effervescent tablets, ordinary table salt will perfectly play their role, although the reaction will be somewhat slower, but still quite sufficient.

For a stronger effect, it is possible to use a lamp aimed at the lamp. Then the emerging bizarre bubbles will sparkle in the rays of light, which will add even more beauty.

Temporary lava lamp

Permanent lava lamp

Of course, a temporary lava lamp is completely safe, but you always want something more. In this case, you can make such a device yourself on an ongoing basis. But you just need to always remember about safety precautions when using it, such a lamp must be kept out of the reach of small children, because it gets very hot during operation.

So, to make a lamp with your own hands, you will need a mixture of distilled water with glycerin at the rate of 1/1, a paraffin candle, some beads and a glass container.

The jar must be filled 2/3 with water with glycerin, stir a spoonful of table salt in it and pour in some beads. After that, a candle is melted in a water bath, and paraffin is poured into a jar. The lava lamp is almost ready, it remains only to build a heater for it.

As such, any metal structure with a 25-watt lamp inside, which can serve as a jar burner, can serve. Well, after that you can turn it on and enjoy. A do-it-yourself lava lamp is ready, but there are some nuances of such a device.

Firstly, the lamp needs some time for the expected reaction to appear, since the paraffin must melt in the glycerin.

Secondly, in no case should you leave such a home-made device unattended, as well as keep it on for more than eight hours.

DIY permanent lava lamp

Making a lava lamp is quite simple, it will bring a lot of fun, and therefore it is worth a try. The main thing is not to forget about safety precautions so that joy does not turn into trouble one day. Well, in general, it doesn’t matter if you bought a lava lamp in a store or made it at home. The priority is peace and relaxation from a hard day.

Dear friends! I am glad to welcome you on the pages of our site.

In the "Experiments" section, we collect descriptions of experiments that are of interest to us. If you have not been to us before, then you are welcome to our small laboratory! We are Mama Galya and Vladushka!

Today we invite you to make a "Lava Lamp" with us. And not just to make, but with its help to study some of the physical properties of substances. For example, the density and shape of liquids. I do not offer complex theoretical material - Vladka is not interested in it. We will touch science with our hands! Shall we start?

To make your own lava lamp, you will need:

A clean plastic bottle or a beautiful jar (0.5-1 l)
Funnel for liquid
Vegetable oil
Food coloring (you can use brilliant green)
Effervescent tablet (such as Aspirin Oops)
Flashlight

Shall we start?

Fill the bottle or jar ½ full with water. It is interesting to use not only transparent jars, bottles, but to use, for example, a colored plastic bottle. In our case, it is a green bottle. Do not take too large containers. It turns out more beautiful in narrow bottles. If there are no suitable jars, you can make it in a glass.
Add dye. Green can be used as a dye. The color turns out to be a soft blue, which contrasts well with the yellow color of the oil. Especially creative experimenters can use juice instead of water!
Fill the jar to the brim with vegetable oil. You can experiment with the volume of oil: pour more into one bottle, less into another.
Break the effervescent tablet into 4 pieces. Dip one piece of the tablet in water and observe the result.
To enhance the effect, turn off the light, illuminate the bottle with a flashlight. It turns out interesting if you put a phone with a flashlight on under the bottle.
You can restart the lamp by throwing another piece of effervescent tablet into the water.
Experiment with different dye colors, jar and bottle shapes.
You can add glitter or sequins to the jar. We had grown hydrogel balls that were funny somersaults in a homemade lava lamp.

Why is this happening?

Oil and water do not mix because they have different densities. When poured into a bottle, the oil simply spreads over the water under the influence of gravity. After adding the effervescent tablet, the changes begin. The tablet reacts with water, forming bubbles of carbon dioxide, which begin to rise to the surface. These bubbles mix water and oil. And we see how the balls of oil bubble up in the liquid.

I wonder why balls, and not cubes or pyramids? We conducted an experiment to determine the shape of a liquid in another liquid. Although we have observed many times in nature that the natural shape of a liquid is a sphere. For example, a drop of water in flight or on a non-wettable surface.

A lava lamp is not only a visual demonstration of some of the physical properties of substances. But also a great toy for kids. As well as designer decoration for the children's room. Send photos of your “lava lamps” and tell us in the comments about what you remember about the density experiment. And in order for exciting experiments and research to continue in your laboratory, accept a gift from me. COLLECTION of tricks and experiments with WATER. Have fun learning science. After all, science is fun!

Successful experiments! Science is fun!

After a hard day at work, every person wants to relax, thereby forgetting about the accumulated problems at work. To do this, you should observe something soothing and pleasant. Some people prefer to watch the dancing flames, but not everyone has such an opportunity. Contemplating the waterfall is even more difficult. A design that can be purchased at any supermarket has a similar effect. It's called a lava lamp. Many are confused by the cost of such a product, and therefore the question becomes: how to make a lava lamp at home.

The principle of operation of a device called a lava lamp is based on the interaction of liquids with each other, which, due to different densities, do not mix when heated. By adding a special dye, the visual effect can be significantly enhanced.

The lava lamp consists of the following elements:

special composition;
a flask of any shape, but always transparent;
incandescent lamp.

Lava lamp device

An incandescent lamp is placed under the glass container, which is responsible for heating the surrounding liquid, and thereby highlighting individual drops that can move in random order, often creating bizarre figures. After turning on the lava lamp, the temperature difference between the lower and upper parts will be several degrees, due to which the oily bubbles will begin to move. When lifted, the ball cools down, after which it tends to the bottom. After lowering, the bubble begins to heat up again and gradually rises up.

How lava lamps work

Thus, the bubbles will continuously move in a chaotic manner. Such designs have been produced for many years, there are more than enough brand names. Products of this type can be purchased on various Internet resources. Industrial manufacturers use a special type of glass that is also able to respond to changes in temperature.

How to make a lava lamp at home

Before you start assembling a lava lamp at home, you should prepare all the necessary materials.

We will need:

pencil;
drill and ring drills;
protractor with a ruler;
furniture varnish, which will be used for finishing work;
black paint in a can;
any food coloring;
saw;
turpentine;
whole cork;
a bottle of wine;
plug with wire;
insulating tape;
75 W light bulb;
cartridge with a porcelain base;
board 25 mm thick.
oil art paints;
mineral oil (can be for children);
antifreeze;
soy wax;
70% isopropyl alcohol.

Sequencing

Polarity should not be forgotten. The light bulb used is pre-tested for operability. Only after these manipulations can the screws be tightened. This will help to securely fix the structure.

The board is sawn into separate elements, from which a square is then assembled. Thus, the base for the future lamp is made. It will contain a cartridge. A hole is made in the base for the wire. The side of the square should be 20 cm.
It will be necessary to make four trapezoidal blanks, with a side of 20 cm, all elements are turned, the edges of the cuts are sawn off. The base is adjusted. Care should be taken to have a groove that would help connect the wire.
Another square is made from the board, each side of which will be 10 cm. A hole is made in the center, the diameter of which is equal to the size of the bottle. The core drill is used for drilling. This is how a bottle holder is made, which will be installed on a stand.
All elements of the stand are fastened together with wood glue. The shape of the finished product will resemble a truncated pyramid. The lower part is not attached to the glue, as it will serve as a cover that will need to be removed in order to replace the light bulb.
The stand is painted in some color (black is good) and set aside until it dries completely. The surface is varnished.
Finished lamp stand
The bottle is washed out from the remnants of glue and labels.
The structure is being assembled.
It is very important to observe the exact proportions in the manufacture of liquid for the lamp, for a liter bottle they will be as follows:
First, it is recommended to prepare the "lava", as this is the longest process. Wax, oil and dyes are mixed - the ingredients are poured into some small saucepan, heated a little, slowly stirred until smooth and then cooled to room temperature. Antifreeze and alcohol are mixed in a separate container and poured into the lamp container, always BEFORE there is “lava”. Then the “lava” itself is poured carefully and as slowly as possible, the bottle is tightly closed.
Finished lava lamp. All you have to do is plug it in and enjoy the effect.

In almost every case, an alcohol-based solution is used to make the composition. Lava bubbles are made from oil. Due to the different density index, the compositions do not mix. They will move inside the container due to the heating of liquids.

The method of creating a lava lamp described above is rather complicated and time-consuming, it requires certain knowledge and skills. However, the process of manufacturing these devices can be much simpler. Below we have described some more simple methods for creating lava lamps.

To make such a lamp, you will need very few materials:

Transparent plastic bottle
Vegetable oil
Dye
Alka-Seltzer tablet or salt

The manufacturing process is quite simple and takes only a few minutes:

You will need a clean plastic bottle from any soda water. However, any transparent plastic container that can be sealed tightly is possible. The volume must be at least 500 ml so that what is happening when turned on is clearly visible. This method is suitable for children, as it is recognized as safer than permanent lava lamp models. For very young adults, the solution is made.
Oil, food coloring and clean water are poured into the container. The bottle is filled ¾ with oil, then water and 10-15 drops of dye are added. The solution should be dark in color.
An Alka-Seltzer tablet or salt (no more than a tablespoon) is added to the solution. The tablet will help the solution sizzle more intensely, but it is added in parts. In fact, any pop can be used, including vitamin C.
The container is tightly closed and shaken several times. Moisture droplets will appear in the oil, which can combine to form bizarre silhouettes. The spectacle will be amazing. After the formation of new bubbles is over, a little more salt and a tablet are added to the bottle.
Any light source is brought to the bottom of the plastic container. The floating droplets will light up, making the effect even more beautiful. However plastic should not be left on a heated surface as the container may melt. Washing off the oil is difficult, regardless of the type of contaminated surface.
After the principle of the lava lamp has become clear, you should enjoy the result for some time. Water and oil can never mix, so after another shake, new bubbles will appear. Tablets and salt are used to speed up the process of moving the bizarre "lava" figurines. The salt will gradually sink to the bottom of the container, catching the oil with it. After it dissolves, the oil will again be on the surface. The pops will react with the liquid and release a small amount of carbon dioxide. The colored water will be picked up by them and carried to the top of the bottle. After reaching the maximum mark, they will burst, and water droplets will go down.