The operation of a two-gang switch, the modes of turning on the light. Schematic connection of a chandelier for 3,4, 8 cartridges. Splitting wires into groups, designation on the ceiling. Safety precautions and following the advice of electricians.
How to connect a chandelier to a two-gang switch
Having a desire or if necessary, the owners are faced with the replacement of lighting fixtures. However, changing the lamp, the switch is left the same. There is a connection problem. There are varying numbers of wires sticking out of the ceiling that need to be connected to the lighting fixture. Before you figure out how to connect a chandelier to a two-gang switch, you need to decide how many bulbs it will be.
The principle of operation of a two-gang switch
The switch with 2 keys is an element for adjusting the room lighting. With it, you can turn on one lamp or a group.
The two-key device consists of:
- keys - activated by simultaneous pressing or one at a time;
- frame - removed during installation;
- terminal blocks - connection points.
Some products have a built-in backlight located on each key or at the bottom of the frame. If there is no backlight, a phase cable enters it, and two phases come out, the switch is put in a gap.
The principle of operation of the built-in switch:
- The first key is on - one lamp is on (the first group).
- Key 2 is on - the lighting will change. The second group, another lamp, or all connected lighting fixtures will be lit.
There are two-key models called modular. They are isolated, the principle of operation of a single-key model.
The model with 2 keys performs the role of power saving, changing the general background.
Switch wiring diagram:
Is it possible to independently connect the chandelier to a double switch
Yes. But, before you start working with electrical appliances, you need to familiarize yourself with safety precautions, distinguish cables by color (PE, L, N), study the connection diagram of the lamp, have tools and insulation at hand.
In order for the chandelier to decorate the ceiling of the room, to work correctly, they connect to the switch in strict sequence.
Before connecting, you must familiarize yourself with the safety precautions:
- The tools used must have insulated handles.
- Before work related to electricity, turn off the power to the shield. That is, it is a meter (a private house), an electrical panel of an apartment. Disable plugs (if there are no buttons, they are unscrewed).
Do not work with electrical appliances under voltage in wet areas. Water is a conductor of electricity.
How to recognize wires
All cables of private houses, apartments have differences in colors. This is a kind of hint for inexperienced people.
Standards:
Yellow cable - grounding, designation PE. Designed to ensure that during the operation of the electrical appliance there is no breakdown of the current by “fine trembling”.
Zero - blue or blue color, designation N.
Phase - all other colors represent L.
In old houses, apartments, all electrical wiring is the same color. Grounding is extremely rare. Therefore, equipment and tools are used to determine the phase.
There are 3 or 4 cables coming out of the ceiling. These are two phase cables from each key, one "zero" - from the junction box, grounding. Check with a screwdriver indicator. When checking, turn on the voltage, the keys are alternately in the “on” position. Wire without voltage - zero. He is designated. The rest of the cables are phase.
In the luminaire, all wiring is connected according to accessories. That is, a modern lighting fixture contains phase leads for each horn, 1 zero, 1 ground.
In a lighting device with 2 paws, the phases are not connected. This means that you can make the connection so that either one light bulb or all will light up.
Grounding is connected immediately. After that, you need to connect zero. Ceiling chandelier. The phases are removed from the device, connected to the corresponding keys.
Both lamps will simultaneously burn when 2 keys are pressed at once.
Connections must be insulated. Only after that turn on the power supply from the shield or meter.
The three-arm chandelier contains 3 cartridges for sweets. They have 2 contacts: N, L. The connection is carried out according to the same algorithm as a lamp with 2 horns, only one switch key will turn on 1 lamp, and the second - 2 light bulbs.
If both keys are pressed at the same time, all horns will light up.
Zero cables from each horn are combined, grounding is connected immediately.
The phases are divided into 2 groups.
Wiring diagram 4 bulbs
2 phases come out of the 2-key model, and zero, grounding, phase cables are visible from the ceiling.
Connection can be made in 2 ways:
- 1+3=alternate switching on 1 lamp-1 key and 3 lamps-second key.
- 2+2=switch on 2 lights in turn. Moreover, you can make 2 lamps next to each other or crosswise burn.
If you turn on both keys at the same time, 4 horns will light up.
The principle of connection is as follows:
- Different colors of cables come out of the luminaire or they are all the same. Then they make a ringing, outline the value (N, L).
- Grounding - it can be immediately connected to the ceiling.
- The blue ones are connected with one terminal - 1 blue wire comes out of the ceiling.
- Phases are divided into groups: the first - 3 wires, one separately or 2 groups of 2 pieces.
- Next, the terminals are used, connecting the twists on the light fixture and the ceiling.
The twists are isolated so that they do not touch each other.
When dividing into groups, so that the phase does not get into the “zero” twist.
5 tier chandelier
A common “zero” comes out of the five-horned chandelier. It must be marked (you can with tape). Sometimes there are several blue wires, they are combined with one twist.
Attention. The difference can be made using the indicator - there is or is not voltage. If there is voltage - L, otherwise - N.
Phase wires are divided into 2 groups:
- The first twist will be of 3 phases - one key will turn on 3 lamps.
- The second group - 2 phase twists-2 horns, another power button.
When the keys are turned on at the same time, 5 lamps are lit.
After the created groups, the chandelier is connected to the wiring. After checking - if the wrong groups of lamps are lit (scattered), you can re-twist 2x3 (groups) by changing the phases.
Connecting a device for 6 lamps requires good wiring. Further, the two-button model of switching on the light provides operation in three modes: switching on the lamps in groups (2 modes) and the general switching on of the lamps. At the same time, at least 3 wires should come out of the ceiling.
Let's say group 1 - 2 lamps, 2nd - 4 lamps, the third mode - all lamps are in working condition.
12 wires come out of the chandelier, 2 pieces for each horn.
It is necessary to select all the blue wires or those marked during ringing, connect them with one terminal (1 twist). The remaining cables are connected in groups (these are phase). 4 wires one terminal and 2 another.
Before connecting the wires of the lamp to the ceiling, using an indicator-screwdriver, determine the line L, zero N, as well as the assignment of L1, L2 to the keys. Make it an indicator with direct current, keys turned on alternately. Found wires are marked with a marker or electrical tape. After that, it is necessary to de-energize the network, connect the finished chandelier (connect zero to zero, and phase to phase). Grounding is connected immediately.
Scheme for double connection of a chandelier for 8 bulbs with 4 wires
4 wires are visible from the ceiling: 2 phases (from the keys), 1 zero, grounding.
Wires of the same tone sometimes come out of the lamp. To determine the phase, zero, it is necessary to ring with a multimeter, designate them in the same way as on the ceiling (so as not to confuse).
"Zero" goes in one twist, because there is 1 zero cable on the ceiling. Phase wiring is divided into 2 groups: 8 lamps are 3 lamps and 5 or 4x4, 2x7 and so on. After that, the created groups of insulated wires or placed in the terminals are connected, respectively, to those marked on the ceiling.
To connect a lighting device to 2 keys, you must be guided by some advice from electricians. This will help avoid mistakes.
- Power tools with insulated handles only. You can not work with "naked" pliers under tension.
- When dividing into groups, one must carefully and ensure that zero does not get into the twist with the phase.
- The twists are isolated. When bare twists come into contact, there will be a short circuit.
- For the accuracy of the lighting device, check the correct installation of the switch. Zero does not enter, and the phase wire enters alone - goes to the ceiling 2 - from each key.
- To be sure, the same wires ring.
If you follow the advice, the work will be completed without errors. The lighting fixture will work properly.
Connecting a chandelier to a two-gang switch will not take much time even for a person doing work for the first time. The main factor is the correct division into groups, as well as the designation of the phase and zero on the ceiling. It is necessary to strictly follow the safety precautions. Isolate bare twists, connect step by step.
Useful video
The choice of lighting device should be entrusted to the wife. Ladies are much more fond of shopping, looking for goods on sale, they have a better sense of beauty, so for her it will only be a joy. How much money to allocate to the adored wife? It all depends on the model, the materials from which it is made, and other features. When choosing, emphasis is placed on the unity of the design styles of the lamp and other elements of the decor in the room. For example:
- MW-LIGHT Bouquet - Suspension design guarantees ease of installation, since this five-arm chandelier can be connected using a conventional three-channel terminal box. All contacts are already grouped together and are output in a single winding with three cables. The cost of the model does not exceed 6,000 rubles - another plus for the wallet. Floral style - ideal for the bedroom, but also suitable for other rooms.
- Favorite Lanta is a pendant model with the same benefits as the previous design. Looks like crystal, costs much less, ideal for decorating a living room or large halls. The power of all lamps in the aggregate is 200 watts. The price of the product is 13,000 rubles.
- Chiaro Versace is a very luxurious piece of furniture (46,000 rubles), has a powerful design, is mounted on a durable ceiling hook. All this allows us to recommend the chandelier to true connoisseurs of beauty, who do not spare money for luxury. Plus: all the wires are hidden inside the barrel of the product, which allows you to regroup pairs of lamps.
All listed models can be purchased in our store, they are always in stock. In case of difficulties with the choice, you can contact a consultant.
How to connect a five-arm chandelier without tools?
Not every home has voltmeters, multimeters, indicator screwdrivers and other equipment for electrical work. In order not to spend money on their purchase, we decided to give you some useful tips on how to do without serious tools and still connect the ceiling lamp correctly:
- An indicator screwdriver is needed to identify the phase and zero. You can find out about the purpose of the wires in other ways: look in the technical documentation, from the marking (“L” - phase, “N” - zero) or by color - brown, black or red colors are characteristic of the phase, zero is indicated in blue.
- A multimeter is needed to check the correct connection of a 5-light chandelier. An easy way to do the same, but without a device, is to turn on the power supply and press the switch keys.
- Instead of pliers, you can use a regular kitchen knife to clean the cable cores. The braid is heated by fire from a lighter, softened and removed. Try not to overheat the wire to avoid loss of its performance.
Everything you need to connect a 5-arm chandelier: a sturdy chair, a knife, electrical tape. Instead of twisting wires, you can use a terminal box, it comes with the lighting equipment itself.
Basic wiring diagrams for a ceiling lamp
We will analyze 4 methods for synchronizing cables:
- How to connect a chandelier with 5 horns to a single-gang switch.
- Method of synchronizing the cables of the luminaire with the terminals of the two-gang panel.
- Connecting equipment from which 10 cores depart.
- Installation of a chandelier with three cables.
How to connect a 5-horn chandelier to a single-gang switch?
In this model of the breaker, two or three cables of the main power supply network are provided: phase, ground and zero. In most cases, there is no "land", its use is justified only in industrial buildings. A single-key switch will turn all the lamps on and off at the same time, so there is no point in dividing them into groups. If two cables with a phase come out of the chandelier, they should be wound together and brought into the terminal box. You can use the serial connection method: insert the ends of the cores from different slots, fix them with bolts and close them with an additional common cable with a cross section of 0.25 sq. mm. The final step in connecting a five-arm chandelier is the insulation of an additional wire after connection.
Zero is always a common cable, therefore, only one core is provided for it from the general network and from the chandelier - there will be no connection problems.
Wiring diagram for a chandelier with 5 lamps for a two-gang switch
From the breaker with two buttons, two phase wires and one zero wire depart. Manufacturers of chandeliers with five lights also divide the total number of fixtures into two groups: two and three lights. Therefore, three cables also come out of the trunk of the lighting device: two phases and zero.
This scheme for connecting a chandelier with 5 bulbs is the simplest: connect the phases of the chandelier to the phases of the network and both zeros with a twist or inside the terminal box. When using the latter, do not twist the contacts too tightly - the core may break off and the electrical circuit will be interrupted.
How to hook up a chandelier with 5 bulbs and 10 wires?
Here, difficulties arise most often, but this method has one important advantage - you yourself choose which lamps to combine into groups. The neutral wire is always common, so follow these steps:
- Hang the chandelier on a hook so that it does not fall and is not suspended.
- Find the neutral wire using colors, markings or instructions in the data sheet.
- Connect 5 zero cores of the chandelier with pliers or a screwdriver in the terminal box in a consistent way.
- Insert one neutral cable into the box on the other side and fix it with fasteners.
- Divide the phases into two groups if you have a two-key switch or combine them into one if you have a one-button switch. The number of terminal boxes used depends on the number of groups: it is easier to hide two small ones than one long one.
- Connect the phases in the same way. All twists should be isolated with tape.
Important: do not touch the conductive paths even when they are de-energized. Residual voltage will not cause a critical force strike, but it can disable a person for a while.
Wiring diagram for a chandelier with 5 horns and three common cables
The method is similar to the first method. However, here the manufacturer has already distributed the groups of lamps and simplified your task: you don’t have to think about how to connect the wires in a chandelier with 5 horns. After connecting, check the operability of the lighting device. To do this, activate the automatic switchboard and turn on the switch buttons. If you strictly followed our instructions, everything should start working after the first installation attempt.
Dare! We are sure that your work will delight your wife, mother-in-law and other ladies in your environment!
Chandeliers are an integral part of the interior. The point is not only in beauty and aesthetics, but also in a great opportunity to illuminate the room well. However, not everyone can connect the chandelier correctly. If fixtures with one lamp or two wires do not cause difficulties, then the presence of three can confuse even experienced electricians.
Purpose of wires on the ceiling
There are a huge number of shapes and variations of lamps. Starting from the usual, with ordinary incandescent lamps, to multi-color diode ones. The breadth and originality of human thoughts knows no bounds. But what will even the most luxurious chandelier cost if it is connected incorrectly.
In an apartment or a private house, they can come out of the ceiling 2,3, or 4 wires. There are standards by which their purpose is determined:
- Black, brown or gray is usually a phase. May be marked with the letter "L".
- Blue, blue or their shades indicate that this is a neutral wire. It has the letter designation "N".
- Green, yellow or yellow-green is the "earth" or, as they say, the protective zero. Referred to as "PE".
Colors may not meet the accepted standard.. For example, in some countries, the designation has a different meaning if the wiring was done by an unqualified person, or during installation there was no cable with the desired color.
To determine the purpose of the wires without reference to color, you will need the following tools:
- multimeter;
- indicator screwdriver;
- stripper or knife for stripping insulation;
- pliers;
- insulating tape;
- terminal block;
- insulating tubes or cambric.
If three wires come out of the ceiling, and the switch is two-gang, then two wires will be "phase" and one "zero"". Using a multimeter, it will not be difficult to determine their purpose. You can do this with an indicator screwdriver by touching it to bare wires. The switches must be in the "on" position.
To determine where is “phase” and where is “zero” using a multimeter tester, you need to put the device in the “volts” position and select any two wires. If numbers (≈220 V) appear on the display, then one of them is “zero”, and one is “phase”. Further, without taking away one of the probes from the wire, we move the second probe to another. If the value appears again, the “phases” were moved, and the “zero” was constantly pressed.
If the readings appear on the device, both wires are “phases”. You can verify this by moving one of the probes to the adjacent cable - readings of ≈220 V should appear.
In a situation where only two wires come out of the ceiling, and a switch with one key means one of them is "zero", the other is "phase". Determining the "phase" is easy with an indicator screwdriver.
Wires on a chandelier
Depending on the type of chandelier, the number of wires in it will be different. This suggests that you can connect it in different ways. The most common question in this case is how to connect a chandelier with 3 wires, it requires more detailed consideration.
If there are only two wires in the lamp, the “phase” must be connected to one wire, “zero” to the other. The switch at the same time must be single.
If the lighting device is three-horned or more, there will be several conclusions. Then the question arises, how to connect a chandelier with 3 wires or more.
Unlike wires in the ceiling, the lamp is always There is a color and letter designation. If a ground wire comes out of the ceiling (yellow, green or yellow-green), then the one similar to it on the lamp is connected to it. Further, the connection of a chandelier with three wires is carried out according to the scheme: we connect the "ground" to the "ground" on the ceiling, the "phase" to the "phase" wire, "zero" to "zero".
Connecting a chandelier with four wires or more
Two wires come out of each chandelier horn, as a rule, it is a single blue and brown (black). Although it is possible that the colors may be different. In order to save money and convenience, multi-track lighting fixtures are connected to two-gang switches.
If controlled by a double switch, all luminaire wires are required divide into three groups. One group is "zero", and two are "phases". All "phases" must be assembled together, after which the remaining wires are divided into two groups. Please note that cables of a different color do not fall into any of the three groups. You need to understand that from one group one part of the bulbs will burn, from the other - the other.
The wiring diagram for a chandelier with a double switch is quite simple. The resulting three groups need connect to the three wires in the ceiling. The main thing here is to remember where are the "phases" and where are the "zero". "Phases", respectively, are connected to the "phases" found on the ceiling, the remaining group "zero" - to "zero" on the ceiling.
What if we have a multi-track chandelier, and only two wires come out of the ceiling? It is necessary not to divide the "phases" into groups, but merge them into one. In this case, the remote control will be single-key, and all the lights will be on when turned on together without the possibility of dividing into two groups. In this case, it will not work to connect the chandelier to a double switch, or only one of the two keys will work.
Thus, the question of how to connect a chandelier to a two-gang switch can be solved independently without the help of specialists. The main thing, always keep safety in mind. All work must be done with the switches and machines turned off. Under voltage, you can work only when it is necessary to determine the "phase" and "zero". At the same time, it is strictly forbidden to touch bare wires.
Before starting work on connecting a chandelier, I recommend that you familiarize yourself with its device.
Designation of chandelier wires
Contacts for connecting to electrical wires on the chandelier are indicated by the following Latin letters:
- L- phase,
- N- neutral wire
- RE- ground conductor yellow-green colors.
They began to apply marking on chandeliers quite recently, and in chandeliers that were released a long time ago, there may not be any markings. In this case, you will have to figure it out yourself.
About connecting a ground wire in a chandelier
In modern chandeliers with metal fittings, a ground wire is installed yellow-green colors. The ground wire is indicated in Latin letters RE. If the electrical wiring in the apartment is made with a ground wire (it must be yellow-green, but can be of any color), then it must also be connected to the terminal to which it is connected yellow-green chandelier wire.
In old houses, apartment wiring is usually made without a ground conductor. In old chandeliers or those with plastic fittings, there is also no grounding conductor. In such cases, the ground conductor is not connected; it will not affect the performance of the chandelier, since it performs only a protective function.
In the photographs, the wires coming out of the ceiling and chandeliers are depicted in white, and this is not accidental. There is no single international standard for the color marking of wires in an electrical network, and even more so in chandeliers. Yes, and in Russia, the color marking of electrical wires has changed since January 1, 2011. Only the ground wire PE is marked yellow-green in the specifications of all countries. color.
Attention! Before connecting the chandelier, to avoid electric shock, it is necessary to de-energize the wiring. To do this, turn off the corresponding circuit breaker in the switchboard and check the reliability of the disconnection using the phase indicator.
Chandelier connection diagrams
Despite all the variety of models, all chandeliers, including LED chandeliers with a remote control, are connected according to one of the schemes discussed below. To connect, it is enough to connect the wires coming out of the ceiling correctly to the terminals of the terminal installed on the chandelier body. The work is simple and within the power of any home master, even without experience in electrics.
If 2 wires come out of the ceiling and chandelier
Connecting a single-horn chandelier, consisting of one light bulb, and a single-gang switch in electrical wiring is usually not difficult. It is enough to connect two wires coming out of the ceiling using any kind of terminal block with wires coming out of the base of the chandelier.
Although, according to the requirements of the PUE, the twisting of electrical wires is currently prohibited, but in a hopeless situation, given that the chandelier consumes low current, you can temporarily connect the chandelier by twisting, followed by insulation of the connection.
According to the requirements of the PUE, in order to increase operational safety, the phase wire in the electric cartridge must be connected to the central contact, and the switch must open the phase wire. It is advisable to follow this rule. But in practice, no one thinks about this, usually they connect the switch and the chandelier as they have to.
If 2 wires come out of the ceiling and multi-track chandelier
If the chandelier has several horns, but only two wires come out of it, then all the bulbs inside the chandelier are connected in parallel, and such a chandelier is connected according to the above diagram.
If 2 wires come out of the ceiling, 3 or more from the chandelier
Consider a more complex option for connecting a chandelier, the wires in it are connected to enable each light bulb to be turned on separately. For our case, all pairs of wires from cartridges, regardless of their number, must be connected in parallel. One option is to install an additional wire jumper (pink in the photo).
You can do without installing a jumper. It is enough to unscrew the screws at the first and third terminals, remove the wire coming from the left cartridge from the first terminal, and insert it into the third, along with the right wire coming from the right cartridge.
If 3 wires come out of the ceiling, and 2 wires come out of the chandelier
Usually three wires come out of the ceiling in case a two-gang switch is installed. First of all, you need to deal with the wires coming out of the ceiling - find a common wire. This is easy to do with a phase indicator.
To search for a common wire, you need to turn on both keys on the switch and sequentially touch each wire with an indicator probe. Depending on which wire opens the switch, phase or zero, two options for the indicator behavior are possible.
- When touching two wires, there is a glow, but not to the third. In this case, the wire on which there is no glow is common.
- When touching one of the wires, there is a glow, while the other two are not. Then the wire on which there is a glow is common.
Without a phase indicator, it is also easy to figure out the connection. You need to connect any two wires from the ceiling to the chandelier and turn on both switches. If the light turns on, it means that the connection has turned out with a common wire and one of those coming from the switch. You can leave everything like that. If there is a desire to understand the wires to the end, you need to connect by brute force so that when you turn on both keys on the switch, the light does not light up. Thus, it will turn out to find the wires coming from the switch.
It remains to clamp the common wire in the terminal and any other coming from the ceiling with a pair of chandelier wires. If necessary, connect the chandelier so that the light turns on with any of the two switch keys, then put a jumper (pink in the photo) or clamp the wires that are connected by a jumper in the photo in one terminal. The jumper can be installed not in the terminal block, but in the switch.
If 3 wires come out of the ceiling, several wires come out of the chandelier
If it is necessary that not all the bulbs of a multi-track chandelier turn on at the same time, but in groups, then the chandelier must be connected according to the above diagram. A prerequisite is the presence of a two-gang switch. You need to connect a two- or three-arm chandelier according to the method described above. It is determined from the three common wires coming out of the ceiling. One wire from the pairs coming from each chandelier cartridge is connected to it.
The remaining two wires are connected to the remaining free conductors from the pairs coming from the chandelier cartridges. It will be much easier to cope with connecting a multi-track chandelier if you familiarize yourself with its device.
Wiring diagram for 2-3 chandeliers
from a single switch
In a large area, or if a false ceiling is installed, for good lighting it is necessary to install several chandeliers or spotlights mounted in the ceiling, which must be turned on simultaneously with one single-gang switch.
Sometimes it is necessary to connect the switch in such a way that it can turn on the light at the same time in two, three or more rooms. In this case, chandeliers or lamps are connected in parallel, like several cartridges in one chandelier, according to the following scheme.
Each chandelier in the diagram is connected to the switch through a separate junction box, but all connections can be made in one junction box, it all depends on the wiring diagram in the room. If there are many horns in each chandelier, then they are connected in parallel, as for the connection case discussed above, when two wires come out of the ceiling, and three or more come out of the chandelier.
Wiring diagram for three chandeliers
from one three-gang switch
If in one or more rooms it is necessary to turn on each chandelier separately from one three-gang switch, then the chandeliers should be connected according to the diagram below.
This option for connecting luminaires is often used when controlling luminaires installed in the bathroom, toilet and kitchen. One three-gang switch is installed in the corridor, and the corresponding chandelier is turned on before entering the room.
Chandelier connection
to the block of switches Viko (Viko) with a socket
Sometimes an additional outlet is required next to the switch. If necessary, it is advisable to change the installed switch to a block consisting of switches and a socket, for example Viko (Viko), shown in the photo. Switches for a chandelier in the block can be from one key to four. So there is an opportunity to choose the right one. In the photo - a two-gang block with LED backlight and one socket.
You need to connect the switch block with a socket to the chandelier according to the diagram below. As you can see, the circuit is not much different from connecting a chandelier to an ordinary switch, with the exception of an additional wire going from the neutral wire to the left outlet of the outlet.
In the diagram, the wire connection is shown in accordance with the requirements of the PUE; in real wiring, zero and phase can be connected vice versa. If, for example, there was a two-key switch, but you need a single-key switch with a socket, then you can not lay an additional wire, but use a free one by switching it in the junction box to zero or phase, depending on which wire comes to the switch.
Adding or extending wires
when connecting a chandelier
Now, during the renovation of the apartment, they began to install suspended ceilings. Stretch ones are especially popular. They have a great appearance, practically do not wear out, come in any color with a glossy and matte surface, and are not afraid of water. Stretch ceilings are installed at a distance of 5-10 cm below the existing ceiling plane, so the length of the conductors to connect the fixtures becomes insufficient. It is required to increase their length.
The complexity of the task lies in the fact that it will be impossible to get to the place where the wires are spliced to connect a chandelier or other fixtures after installing the ceiling without dismantling it. This means that the connection must be made in the most reliable way. Connecting wires in hard-to-reach places using a terminal block is not a reliable type of connection. The screws in the terminal block may loosen over time and need to be tightened.
In the site article “Connecting Wires Broken in the Wall”, in detail in the photographs, methods for connecting aluminum and copper wires to each other are considered, just suitable for the case of extending the wires for connecting a chandelier or other lamps. For a reliable connection when building aluminum wires with copper, I recommend reading the article "How to connect aluminum wires". To extend the wires for connecting the chandelier to the false ceiling, one of the methods described in the article is suitable, on a thread or one-piece with a rivet.
Cross section of wire for connecting a chandelier
If six hundred-watt incandescent bulbs are installed in the chandelier, designed for a supply voltage of 220 V, then the current consumption will not exceed 3 A. This current can withstand a copper conductor with a cross section of 0.5 mm 2, and standard apartment wiring is usually made with wires with a cross section of at least 2.5 mm 2. So when connecting a chandelier with light bulbs for a voltage of 220 V, you don’t have to think about the cross section of the wire. When connecting a chandelier with LED lamps, you don’t have to worry about the cross section of the wire either.
When connecting a chandelier or lamps with halogen bulbs for a voltage of 12 V, the current consumption becomes much larger, and the wire cross section in the wiring section from the step-down transformer or adapter to the chandelier lamps must be calculated using the online calculator below and checked for compliance.
The current consumption of which is ten times less than that of incandescent lamps.
Before you start connecting the chandelier, you need to examine its device.
If only 2 wires protrude from the chandelier and the ceiling, then no special difficulties are expected with the connection. But a more intricate option is when you need to carry out this procedure, having the ability to connect to two identical switches, if 3 wires protrude from the chandelier and the ceiling. That is, a light bulb, or a group of them, are switched on separately. It turns out a picture: a certain number of wires protrude from this ceiling, also from the chandelier - what needs to be connected? To understand this, the provided article will display a detailed chandelier connection diagram.
The main contacts, in order to conduct electrical wiring, have their own designation - these are the letters of the Latin alphabet:
L - This is the designation of the phase,
N - Zero wire,
PE is a grounding conductor with a yellow-green color.
Marking chandeliers with markings began not so long ago, therefore, in these devices of earlier production, it is absent. Then you have to figure everything out on your own.
How to connect a ground wire to a chandelier
In lighting devices of modern manufacture, with the presence of metal fittings, a special grounding wire is installed, which has a yellow-green color. This wire is marked - PE. If the wiring in the room is made with such a wire, by the way, it may have a different shade, then it must be connected to the terminal. The terminal, in turn, is connected to the chandelier wire (yellow-green). In most rooms, electrical wiring is made without a grounding conductor. In older lighting fixtures, or in those in which the fittings are made of plastic, this conductor is also missing. Then the ground conductor is not connected, and this absolutely does not affect the functioning of the chandelier. Grounding performs an exclusively protective function. In the event that the insulation of the phase wiring is frayed, and it comes into contact with the fittings of the chandelier (metal), then when a hand touches individual metal sections of the device, an electric shock may occur.
When photographs of the wire that comes from the chandelier and the ceiling are shown, it is white there. This is not a coincidence. There is no one established world standard for the color marking of wires in the electrical network, and even more so, in lighting fixtures. In the Russian state, the color marking of the wire has changed since January 1, 2011. Each individual country has its own labeling. The only thing is that the PE ground wire is marked in all countries with a standard color - yellow-green.
Chandelier connection diagram when two separate wires come from the chandelier and the ceiling
Connecting a single horn chandelier from a single lamp and one keyboard switch, in general, is not difficult. 
It will be sufficient, 2 wires that come out of the ceiling, connect to each other using the terminal, Wago, 
and also, terminal blocks. 
You can also make a connection using a twist with two separate wires coming from the lighting fixture. 
The requirements set out in the PUE state that the phase wire must be connected to the central contact in the cartridge. The switch, in this case, must open the phase wiring. This is to improve operational safety. It is recommended to follow this rule. But in reality, in practical work, few people think about it. In most cases, the switch and lighting fixture are connected very casually.
Wiring diagram for one chandelier, with two wires coming out of the ceiling, and three or more from the chandelier
If one chandelier has two or more lamps, and the existing switch has one key, then it is quite possible to connect this lighting fixture in three ways:
- when the switch is turned on, all the lamps light up at once;
- a switch with several keys, you can turn on each of the lamps separately, a lot of carob chandeliers;
- a switch with several keys, you can turn on entire groups of lamps, for example, in a chandelier, a three-horn two-button switch can turn on either one lamp, or two, or all available at the same time.
If only 2 wires protrude from the ceiling, then the lighting device can be connected according to the first option - all the lamps at the same time. The connection of one chandelier is carried out depending on how the manufacturer connected the wires, from the cartridges. Basically, chandeliers, with a certain number of plafonds, contain paired wire connections from the plafonds, and then the connection is made as described above.
The following is an even more complex chandelier connection scheme. The wiring in the chandelier is connected so that each lamp turns on separately. In this case, it is necessary to connect all available pairs of wires from the cartridges in parallel. It does not depend on their number. There is some option - the establishment of an additional jumper from the wiring. 
It is possible not to set the jumper, it will only be delivery to unscrew the screws in the first and third terminals, pull out the wire passing through the left cartridge from the initial terminal, and securely insert it into the third terminal, along with the wire coming from the cartridge on the right side.
Scheme for connecting a lighting fixture with two separate wires, with three wires coming from the ceiling
In most cases, three separate wires come out of the ceiling when there is a two-button switch. Here you should first deal with the wiring - find a common main wire. Such an action is easy to carry out when there is a phase indicator.
To start searching for this main wire, turn on the two available keys, and touch each wire in order, using an indicator screwdriver. 
There are two types of behavior of this indicator, depending on the specific wire (zero or phase), which is opened by the switch:
- in the course of touching two separate wires, there is a glow, while the third one is absent. Therefore, a non-glow wire is common;
- in the course of touching one of these wires, the glow is present, while the other two are absent. Then, the wire with the glow is common. 
If there is no phase indicator, then you can also easily figure out the connection features. To do this, you need to connect any two wires coming from the ceiling to the chandelier, and turn on two keys in the switch. If the glow appears, it means that a connection has been made with a common wire, and also with one wire coming from the switch. So everything can stay. If you want to understand all the wires to the end, then you need to connect in such a way that the light does not appear even when two keys in the switch are turned on. Then you can find the wires coming from the switch.
Scheme for connecting a single chandelier with several wires, and with three wires from the ceiling
If you need to make sure that not all the lamps turn on in the chandelier at the same time, but only in groups, this lighting device should be connected according to the provided diagram. A switch with two keys must be present. To connect one chandelier, but two and three carob ones, it is necessary according to the method described a little higher. Of the three wires emanating from the ceiling, one common main wire stands out. Then one separate wire is connected to it from the pairs that come from each of the cartridges. 
The two remaining wires are connected to free wires from the pairs that come from the cartridges in the chandelier.
How to successfully connect two or three chandeliers from a single-gang switch
If a suspended ceiling is mounted in a huge room, then in order to provide ideal lighting, a certain number of chandeliers must be placed. It can also be halogen lamps or LED lamps, which must be turned on with a one-button switch. This is a simultaneous action. In some cases, it is necessary to connect this switch so that with its help it becomes possible to turn on the lighting simultaneously in several rooms (two, three or more). Then, chandeliers and other lamps are connected in parallel, as well as a certain number of cartridges in the chandelier. 
The connection diagram of the chandelier then is as follows. Each of the chandeliers is connected to the switch through a separate distribution box. But it becomes possible to carry out all available connections in a single box. Here, much depends on the proposed scheme for conducting electricity in the room. If there are many horns in the chandeliers, then they are connected in parallel, as in the situation described earlier. This is a situation where two separate wires come from the ceiling, and there are three or more of them from the chandelier.
Scheme for connecting three lighting devices, from a single switch to three keys
If in one separate room, or even in several similar ones, it will be necessary to turn on each individual lighting device, from a single switch to three keys, then it is necessary to connect these devices according to the provided diagram. 
This option for connecting luminaires is used very often when controlling the same luminaires. They can be installed in the kitchen, bathroom and toilet. In the corridor, one switch is installed for three keys, and just before entering this room, it is planned to turn on the corresponding lighting device.
Scheme for connecting a chandelier to a block of special switches with a Viko socket
Not always, but in some situations, it is required that an additional functioning socket be present along with the switch. If such a need arose, then it would be logical to replace the previously installed switch with a separate unit containing a switch and a socket. For example, the socket is possible type Viko. This block has switches for a chandelier from one to four keys. Therefore, there is a good opportunity to choose exactly the one you need. The photo shows a block with two keys, with LED backlighting and one socket. Making a connection with a backlight is almost the same as connecting the same switch, but without the corresponding backlight. 
It is necessary to connect the switch block with a socket to the lighting device strictly according to the provided scheme. This scheme is not very different from the scheme for connecting one chandelier to a standard switch. The only slight difference is that an additional wire comes from the zero wire, which is directed to the left outlet of the outlet. 
The chandelier connection diagram shows the wiring connection, which is carried out in accordance with the penalties of the PUE. In reality, zero, as well as the phase, are able to connect vice versa. For example, if a two-key switch was connected, but you just need a single-key switch with a socket, then it is quite possible not to lay an additional wire. You can use free, and subsequently switch it in the distribution box to zero or phase. It all depends on what type of wire goes to this switch.
Extending or building up wiring during the connection of one chandelier
Currently, during the restoration of the premises, suspended ceilings have been installed. Especially widespread. They look beautiful, do not give in to wear, are durable, come in various shades, and also, with a surface. They are quite water resistant. Stretch ceilings are installed at a gap below the existing ceiling plane (50-10cm). For this reason, there is not enough length of existing conductors in order to connect lighting fixtures. It is necessary to increase their length.
The complexity of such a task lies in the following. It is almost impossible to get to the place where the wires join when connecting a chandelier and other lamps, after the installation is carried out. This suggests that such a connection should be provided so that it is optimally reliable. If the wires are connected using a terminal block in particularly hard-to-reach areas, this is a very unreliable type of connection. Over time, the screws in the block loosen, and it is necessary to tighten them a little.
Wiring section for connecting one chandelier
In a chandelier, lamps do not come in high power. Even if it contains six standard incandescent lamps, as well as one hundred watt halogen lamps, which are designed for voltages up to 220V, then the current consumption with all the lamps on will be no more than 3A. The current of such an indicator can withstand a copper conductor with a cross section of 0.5 mm square. It is known that ordinary residential electrical wiring is made with wires having a cross section of not less than 2.5 mm square. And this, in turn, allows you to connect one chandelier to the electrical wiring from aluminum wires. The total power consumption of their lamps is 2000 watts. Therefore, when connecting any chandelier with lamps for voltages up to 220V, the question of the wiring cross section is not worth it.
During the connection of one chandelier, as well as devices with halogen lamps for voltage up to 12V, the current consumed by the chandelier increases much. The cross section of the wiring in the wiring area from the step-down transformer or adapter to the chandelier itself should be calculated and checked. It is necessary to determine how suitable the cross section of the laid wiring is for the resulting value.
If a lamp or chandelier uses a lot of current, then you need to think about replacing incandescent lamps with modern-type lighting sources, convenient fluorescent lamps or LED lamps. The current used by the latter is ten times less than that of incandescent bulbs.
