What is the best way to purify water. What are you really drinking? How to purify water at home. Home water purification methods

Water is an integral part of the human body. It is necessary to consume it, but the main thing is that it be clean. Therefore, various filtration systems have been invented by mankind. However, you can filter it in simple ways using improvised means. Such methods can help save money that is usually spent on replacing and installing various cartridges and filtration systems.

Filtering methods

First of all, it is necessary to consider the ways in which water can be filtered. They are simple and accessible to everyone and are options for physical impact, in addition, they do not require the use of filters. However, they have not only advantages, but also disadvantages. So, these methods include:

1. boiling;
2. upholding;
3. freezing.

During the boiling process, the high temperature affects the tap liquid and sterilizes it. The main advantage of such exposure is that at this moment the death of all pathogenic microorganisms occurs. It should be noted that boiling should occur for fifteen minutes with the lid open. In this case, the water will be really clean, and harmful impurities will evaporate. However, with such an impact, the liquid becomes “dead” and no longer bears any benefit to the body. In addition, chlorine is still present in such water, changing and turning into another compound, which is even more dangerous.

In addition, you can use another simple method - settling. You should pour water into a container and defend it for eight hours. This method allows you to purify water from chlorine. and some other harmful compounds. However, some heavy metals still remain, settling at the bottom. You can eliminate them by pouring the liquid into another container, only at the same time it should not be stirred and shaken. About a quarter of the contents should be left at the bottom.

You can also use freezing. Currently, this method is considered the most effective among simple methods of physical impact on the liquid. Pour the required amount of water into the container and place in the freezer. Then it is necessary to ensure that not all the liquid freezes, but only half, and drain it - all harmful substances and salts remain in it. Next, you need to melt the frozen liquid - and you can drink it. It is considered healing.

If you choose how to purify water at home from these simple methods, then it is better to give preference to the latter, because only in this case you can control the quality of the product. The fact is that water, in which there is a large amount of mineral salts, freezes rather slowly. So, if there is no quality filter, then it is better to choose a similar technique.

Chemical Methods

If you are interested in how to filter water at home in other ways, then there are also some chemical methods. , which can also be used. These include:

1. Activated carbon;
2. silver;
3. silicon;
4. table salt;
5. shungite.

Table salt is used in the following way: take two liters of liquid from the tap. It should dissolve a tablespoon with a slide of salt. The solution should be insisted for about twenty minutes, after which you can drink. This method allows you to eliminate salts of heavy metals and harmful microbes, but it is often impossible to use it.

You can also clean the liquid with pharmaceutical silicon. It is best to buy it in a pharmacy. First, this component should be washed under running water, which should be slightly warm. The ingredient is then placed in the liquid. Calculate as follows: 3 grams of silicon are taken per 1 liter of water. You should cover the container with gauze and place it in a bright place, but at the same time make sure that direct sunlight does not fall on it. Cleansing will be completed in 2-3 days. Before use, pour the liquid into another jar, leaving a sediment of about 3 centimeters at the bottom.

In addition to silicon, there is another stone that allows cleaning - this is shungite. The method is similar to the previous one, only a stone is taken per liter, which weighs about 100 grams. Infuse for three days, then drain, leaving a small residue at the bottom. After some time, such a filter needs to be cleaned or replaced with a new one.

Activated charcoal cleans well. It helps eliminate unpleasant odors and absorbs harmful substances that can get from the surface of the pipes. To do this, several tablets of coal are wrapped in gauze (taken at the rate of 1 tablet per liter of liquid) and lowered into it overnight.

Another simple and effective way is to use silver. For cleansing, you need to put some silver thing in water and leave it like that for ten hours.

Folk remedies

There are also folk remedies that can help clear the liquid. However, one point should be taken into account: the effectiveness of such methods will depend on how high-quality components are used. So, you can use the following folk remedies:

Attention, only TODAY!

Health

You can't argue with the statement that water is the basis of life and the guarantee of our health. Therefore, water purification is the most important household process, which must be given due attention.

We bring to your attention an overview of the most popular water filters that you can make yourself at home without significant material costs.

1. Water purification by boiling

However, you can get a similar effect by observing two conditions:

• Boil water for at least 15 minutes.
• A container in which water is boiled must not be covered with a lid.

Despite its simplicity and popularity,this method has significant disadvantages:

• Fresh water contains oxygen, hydrogen sulfide, calcium, magnesium, sodium, and potassium ions. Boiling displaces oxygen from water. Ions react with each other under the influence of high temperatures, resulting in the formation of calcium salts and other elements that settle in the form of scale on the walls of dishes for boiling water. As a result, we get not just "dead" water, but also harmful to health: for example, calcium salts can eventually become one of the triggers for the formation of kidney stones, the development of arthrosis and arthritis.
• Boiling cannot remove salts of iron, lead, mercury and other heavy metals hazardous to health from water.
• Finally, chlorine and its compounds, reacting with organic compounds during heating, form trihalomethanes and dioxin - carcinogenic substances that, accumulating in the body, can lead to the development of serious diseases, including oncology.

2. Settling water

This method of water purification involves settling tap water for 8 - 12 hours(this is how long it takes for the evaporation of chlorine and other volatile impurities).

To speed up the process of evaporation of harmful substances it is recommended to stir the water periodically.

But keep in mind that heavy metal salts remain in settled water, which settle to the bottom, so it is not recommended to mix the water an hour and a half before the end of purification.

In order to get water purified from heavy metals at the outlet, it is recommended to carefully pour 2/3 of the liquid into another container: this must be done so that the sediment remains at the bottom.

3. Freezing water

Freezing is a simple and effective method that allows not only to purify water from salts and other harmful compounds, but also to improve its quality by saturating it with oxygen.

The benefits of melt water are undeniable:

• Removal of cholesterol and salts from the body.
• Strengthening the immune system and increasing the body's resistance to various diseases.
• Reducing the risk of developing allergies.
• Body rejuvenation.

How to get melt water? Very simple:

• Do not fill a plastic container (not a plastic bottle) or a special plastic freezer bag to the brim with water, remembering that water expands when frozen. For the same reason, glass containers should not be used, which can burst under the pressure of frozen water.
• Place the container of water in the freezer until 2/3 of the container is frozen.
• Drain the water from the container that has not frozen, since it contains salts that inhibit the freezing process.
• Defrost the remaining ice - this is useful melt water.

4. Water purification with activated carbon

Activated carbon is a budgetary, but at the same time effective water purifier that absorbs various harmful impurities and unpleasant odors.

By the way, household water filters are equipped with carbon filters.

We suggest making such a reliable filter yourself.For this you will need:

• Activated charcoal (50 tablets).
• Gauze (or wide bandage).
• Cotton wool.
• Liter glass jar.
• One and a half liter plastic water bottle.

Let's start making a three-layer filter:

1. Cut off the bottom of the plastic bottle and insert it upside down into the jar.
2. We cut off a piece of gauze (20 * 20 cm), in which we wrap cotton wool - this is the first layer of the filter.
3. The second layer consists of crushed tablets of activated charcoal, which we wrap in cotton wool.
4. The third layer is identical to the first.

Our filter is ready! At the same time, it is important that the filter layers fit tightly to each other, then the water will be purified not only from harmful impurities and odors, but also from mechanical particles and rust.

If you have neither the time nor the desire to manufacture a carbon filter, we offerlightweight water treatment option:

• Activated carbon at the rate of 1 tablet per liter of water is placed in a gauze bag.
• The tied bag is lowered into a container of water for 6 to 8 hours.
• Enjoy Purified Water!

5. Water purification with silver

This method of purifying water from microbes, viruses, bleach and other harmful substances was practiced by many generations of our ancestors.

Cleaning water with silver is easier than ever - just enough place any piece of silver in a container of water for 8-10 hours.

Silver not only disinfects water. This metal has a positive effect on the immune system, improves the condition of the skin and hair, speeds up metabolic processes, and normalizes the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract.

Important! Do not use colloidal (or liquid) silver for water purification! It, accumulating in the body, provokes poisoning and can lead to the development of a serious disease called argyrosis, which is characterized by darkening of the skin, which acquires a darkish gray tint.

6. Water purification with silicon

The procedure for purifying water with silicon is simple, but at the same time effective.

For its implementation, you will need a stone weighing 5 - 10 g, which can be purchased at a pharmacy.

Silicon Water Purification Procedure:

1. Rinse the silicon under warm running water.
2. Place the stone in a glass container with cold running water (use 5 g of silicon to purify 1 liter of water).
3. Cover the container with gauze folded in two layers.
4. Leave the water to infuse for 3 days: it is important that direct sunlight does not fall on the water container, but it is not recommended to infuse the liquid in a dark place.
5. After three days, carefully pour the water into another container, leaving a third of the settled water at the bottom, since this sediment contains salts and impurities of heavy metals.
6. The stone itself after each use must be thoroughly washed and brushed regularly.

Water purified with silicon has a beneficial effect on the immune and circulatory systems, and also has a rejuvenating effect.

7. Water purification with shungite

Another stone used for water purification is shungite, which, like silicon, can be purchased at a pharmacy.

This mineral attracts and absorbs chlorine, phenol and acetone compounds, removes harmful bacteria and microorganisms from the water, which has a positive effect on the functioning of the whole organism.

To purify a liter of water, you will need 100 g of shungite.

Shungite water purification procedure:

1. Rinse the stone thoroughly.
2. Place shungite in a container with water at room temperature and leave to infuse for 3 days: you do not need to close the container (you can cover it with gauze).
3. At first, the water will acquire a black tint, but gradually it will become transparent, and black mineral dust will settle to the bottom.
4. After an hour of infusion, the water will be cleared of bacteria and nitrates, and after three days it will acquire healing properties, at least as traditional healers say.
5. Drain the infused water, leaving about 3 cm of water at the bottom.

After each use, the stone should be thoroughly washed, brushed once a month, and replaced with a new one every six months.

Unlike silicon, water purified by shungite hascontraindications:

• Tendency to thrombosis.
• Oncological diseases and predisposition to their development.
• Increased acidity.
• Diseases in the acute stage.

Therefore, before using this stone in the form of a cleansing filter, it is better to consult with your doctor.

8. Folk remedies for water purification

Traditional medicine offers a lot of water purification methods, but we will consider the most popular and effective ones.

And let's start with apple cider vinegar, a teaspoon of which is diluted in a liter of water, after which the liquid is allowed to brew for 2 to 3 hours so that microbes die.

Instead of vinegar 5% iodine can be used, which is added to water at the rate of 3 drops of iodine per liter of water. Let the water brew for 2 hours, after which you can use it.

Immediately make a reservation that water purified using vinegar or iodine (and some recommend using these components for cleaning at the same time) has a rather unpleasant odor and unusual taste.

In addition, it should be remembered that an excess of iodine in the body can lead to malfunctions in its work:

• Muscle weakness.
• Persistent subfebrile condition against the background of the absence of signs of any disease.
• Increased sweating.
• Diarrhea.
• Mood swings.

Therefore, with the purification of drinking water with iodine, you should be careful.

Pleasant smell and tasty water, purified bunches of rowan. By the way, some experts put the use of mountain ash in terms of efficiency on a par with water purification with silver or activated carbon.

To purify water, simply dip a carefully washed bunch of ripe mountain ash into a container of water. Natural antibiotics, which this plant is rich in, will destroy bacteria no worse than chlorine in 3 hours.

Instead of clusters of mountain ash, you can use onion husks, bird cherry leaves and juniper branches to purify water, but then, in order to purify, the water must be infused for at least 12 hours.

Important! To enhance the cleansing effect, it is recommended to filter the water after infusion.

Despite their simplicity, folk methods are not able to completely purify water from chlorine compounds and microbes, so you should not place special hopes on them.

In any case, from the proposed list, you can choose the most suitable purification option for yourself, thanks to which the water will become not only healthy, but also tastier!

For owners of country houses, the issue of water purification is especially relevant. With centralized water supply, it is subjected to multi-stage filtration, as a result of which it is cleared of bacteria, salts of heavy metals and other dangerous impurities. In an individual residential building, all the worries about ensuring that the water extracted from the well is harmless fall on the shoulders of the owner.

From this article you will learn:

How is it possible to filter water in the house with your own hands

What is a professional water filtration system for your home?

Where does the design of such a system begin?

What affects the efficiency of a home water filtration system

What are the features of water filtration for a private house

Usually water in a private house comes from an artesian well or well. Many people think that since the source is deep underground, the water goes through natural filtration and the output is crystal clear and healthy. This is far from true. And it's not even that it may contain sand or particles of silt. The greatest danger cannot simply be seen. These are bacteria and many different toxic substances. According to the minerals it contains, water also does not always meet safety standards. Usually, the norms of the content of iron, calcium, fluorine and magnesium are significantly exceeded. In small doses, they are necessary for a person, and in high concentrations they are very dangerous for the body. Calcium contributes to the formation of scale on the heating elements of dishwashers and washing machines, as well as water heaters, which eventually leads to breakdowns. Too much iron in the water causes rusty stains to form on clean laundry.

Before proceeding with the choice of a water filtration system in a private house, the price of which is quite high, it is worth giving a sample of the liquid for analysis. As a result, the chemical composition of the water in your home, its compliance with sanitary standards, the presence of various impurities, excess iron, magnesium and calcium will be established. You can apply for this service in one of the many laboratories. This information will help you choose a water purification system that is most suitable for your conditions.

Among the common problems that have to be solved when filtering water at home, the following can be distinguished:

Water hardness is much higher than normal, i.e. it contains a lot of magnesium and calcium salts;

High percentage of iron;

Mechanical pollution - silt and sand;

The presence of bacteria

Industrial pollution if the house is located near a busy highway.

How is it possible to filter water in a private house with your own hands

Boiling

The most elementary way to filter water at home is considered to be her boiling. Under the influence of high temperature, it is sterilized - viruses and microorganisms die. To be completely sure of the effectiveness of this filtration method, water should be boiled for at least 15 minutes. In this case, it is not necessary to cover the pan with a lid. This is necessary to destroy all harmful compounds.

There are many downsides to this method:

Boiling does not rid the water of chlorine compounds. Moreover, they take especially dangerous forms that contribute to the emergence of cancer.

The salts crystallize and coat the walls of the pot in which the boiling takes place.

Boiled water becomes lifeless, it is not dangerous for the body, but you should not expect any benefit from it either.

settling

Settling has long been considered another way to filter water at home, which does not require the use of any devices. You just need to pour it into a wide bowl and leave it for at least eight hours. This time is enough for chlorine and other volatile impurities to evaporate. If the water is stirred from time to time, the process will go faster. However, this method does not work against salts of heavy metals, they will remain in the water, partially settling to the bottom. Therefore, it is recommended that a third of the water remaining at the bottom should not be used for food.

The use of table salt

Another proven method of filtering water at home is the use of salt. A tablespoon with a slide of table salt is added to two liters of liquid, mixed and left for half an hour. This helps to purify the water from pathogens and harmful salts of heavy metals.

Freeze

Bacteria can be killed not only by high temperatures, but also by low temperatures, so freezing water is another common filtration method used at home. A container of water, plastic or metal, but not glass, is placed in the freezer. We must not forget that water, turning into ice, increases in volume, so you should not fill the container completely.

This method of purification is based on the property of pure water to freeze faster than that saturated with salts. It is important not to miss the moment when half of the water turns into ice. It is necessary to pour out the part that remains liquid, as it contains all the harmful impurities. Wait for the ice to melt. This water is the purest and very healthy.

Silicon use

Filtering home water using silicon is not as common as other methods. A small washed piece of silicon is placed in a jar and poured with cold water. The container is placed at home in a bright place, but not under direct sunlight, and covered with a clean cloth. In a couple of days, the water will clear and be ready for drinking. 1 liter should account for 3 to 10 g of silicon. Water from the bottom must also be poured out, since all harmful substances are concentrated in it.

The use of shungite

Among the innovations in simple ways to filter water at home, we can mention the use of shungite. It has the ability to accumulate harmful impurities and bacteria on its surface, so from time to time the stones must be carefully cleaned using a hard brush.

To prepare shungite water, a large stone (about 100 g) is poured with a liter of water and left for three days. Then the water must be drained and only the upper part should be used, excluding sediment at the bottom.

Unfortunately, such water is not indicated for everyone, it can be harmful if a person is prone to thrombosis, has high acidity, or has any diseases in the acute period.

Use of activated carbon

Activated carbon can be used to filter house water. It is found in most industrial cleaners. Charcoal will help neutralize possible unpleasant odors, as well as absorb all harmful substances.

You will need one tablet per liter of water. After 8 hours, the water will be completely clean and free from foreign odors.

The use of silver

The ability of silver to free water from viruses, bacteria and toxic chemical compounds has been known to mankind for a very long time. A silver spoon or a coin is placed in the vessel, which is found in the house, and left for the night. The next morning, clean water is ready, and it does not lose its beneficial properties for a long time. Silver water has no equal in its destructive effect on bacteria.

Folk remedies

There are several folk methods to make water at home free of various impurities:

Cleansing with a bunch of rowan. You should lower it for two or three hours in a container, and you will get water of the same crystal purity as after silver or activated carbon.

Cleansing with willow bark, onion peel, juniper branches and bird cherry leaves also bears fruit when filtering water at home, however, the process will take at least 12 hours.

Cleansing with vinegar, iodine, wine. It is important to observe the proportions here: take 1 teaspoon of vinegar or 3 drops of iodine (5%), or 300 g of young wine per liter of water. The filtration process lasts from two to six hours. These substances do not act on all microbes, and they will not remove chlorine.

Use of magnets

And in the end, we will touch on a method that has many supporters, but its effectiveness is very doubtful. This is home water filtration. magnets. It is proposed to create a magnetic field around a vessel with water, which supposedly will miraculously purify it and give it healing properties. It is even claimed that if you place a magnet on a water pipe, all the water will be instantly purified.

It is clear that this method is powerless against chlorine and bacteria, the most that can be expected is that the smallest particles of iron will be attracted to the magnet, and that is unlikely.

What is a home water filtration system

All the methods of water purification at home, which are described above, can hardly be taken seriously. They require too much trouble, and purified water will not be enough for the needs of even one person, not to mention a large family. To provide households with safe and tasty water, you need to think about creating a real water filtration system for your home. The price of such a question is the health and well-being of all family members.

In order for truly clean water to flow from the tap in your cottage, it must go through several stages:

Coarse filter to remove mechanical impurities.

A filter that makes the water softer.

Fine filter (removes nitrates, oil products and heavy metals).

Filter that destroys bacteria and microorganisms.

The complete process of water filtration in a private house from a well consists of the following procedures: mechanical cleaning (all visible dirt is removed), electrochemical cleaning (minerals and iron are removed), catalytic clarification (water is made transparent), sorption cleaning (removes oil products) and biological cleaning (kills microorganisms ).

In order not to be mistaken with the choice of a device for filtering water at home, it is worth familiarizing yourself with exactly how they work. There are various cleaning options:

Rough cleaning. As part of such a filter there is a grid with small cells, on which fragments of silt, sand, and small debris settle.

Aeration. Its action is based on the ability of oxygen to oxidize iron. Manganese and hydrogen sulfide are also removed from the water.

Iron removal. If there is a lot of iron in the water, it is immediately noticeable. The liquid acquires a brown tint, a precipitate forms at the bottom. Filtration occurs as a result of a reaction in which special additives enter with iron dissolved in water. After oxidation, an easily removable precipitate is formed.

Softening. An ion exchange resin is used to make water for the home softer. It makes it possible to replace the calcium and magnesium ions present in the filtered water with sodium ions. Reverse osmosis filters can also make water softer. Only water molecules can pass through their thinnest membranes. All impurities, including microorganisms, settle in the filters.

Fine cleaning. Well water often suffers from the presence of various harmful impurities - nitrates, pesticides, salts of heavy metals. Coarse filters are powerless against them, so another filtering stage is essential. Devices containing sorbents, polymeric filler or fine-mesh membranes are suitable for it.

Disinfection. To rid water of bacteria, viruses and microbes, treatment with UV filters is used. Compared to chlorination, this method is completely safe and does not spoil the taste of water.

Water filtration for the home in myths and facts

Doubts about whether it is worth installing a water filtration system in a private house, the price of which is quite high, are supported by misconceptions that are widespread among the inhabitants. They concern the quality of the water that has passed through the filters and its beneficial properties. There are a lot of opinions on this matter, and often they are diametrically opposed. In order not to suffer in doubt, it is worth knowing the point of view of professionals.

Myth 1. "Filtered water must be prepared before drinking."

Fact: water that has passed through the filtration system meets all sanitary standards imposed on it by regulations. It does not require any additional preparation at home and can be safely used by both adults and children.

Myth 2. "Babies should not be given filtered water."

Myth 3. "Filtration is expensive."

Fact: even the simplest models are suitable for high-quality water filtration in a private house. The price for them can vary from 10 to 50 US dollars. The purest water will cost as a result 10 times cheaper than bottled water.

Myth 4. "Filtered water does not contain minerals."

Fact: the excess content of calcium and magnesium in the process of filtration is normalized, this allows you to protect household appliances from scale. The rest of the water retains useful properties. Passing through the filtration system in the house, it gets rid of only those substances that adversely affect its taste and color. You should not confuse filtered water with distilled water, which really lacks all minerals.

How is a water filtration system designed for a private house

To select the composition of the filters required for a particular house, two types of preliminary studies are required - chemical and biological analyzes. Together, their results will give the most complete picture of the quality of water in the well, its composition and the content of impurities in it.

For the greatest accuracy, the study should be repeated during the flood period. Often, the seasonal rise of groundwater contributes to a sharp deterioration in the quality of the produced fluid. Wells and Abyssinian wells, which have a shallow depth, are most susceptible to this risk. If you make a calculation only for the normal mode of operation, then during the flood all the increased load will fall on the filtration system in a private house. The cost of replacing filters prematurely would then be an unforeseen expense for hosts.

This does not apply to artesian wells. They have a sufficiently large depth, so we can limit ourselves to the analysis of the chemical composition.

A water filtration system for a home, the price of which is affordable for ordinary people, should not only perfectly cope with the task of removing harmful substances from the water, but also provide the necessary performance. To do this, specialists need to correctly calculate the needs of water consumption for the home. The initial data for designing a water treatment system are:

The type of source from which water is taken for the house (well; sand, artesian or Abyssinian well).

The initial water quality obtained from the analyzes.

Required cleaning quality. Not only drinking water should be filtered, but also that which will be used by household appliances in the house. Of course, in this case, the cleaning will not be as thorough, but such water is more favorable for a long service life of the equipment.

Availability of storage capacity. With its help, even a filtration system with low productivity will be able to provide continuous water supply to the house.

Average daily water consumption.

Required water treatment capacity.

Based on these parameters, the complete set of the water filtration system for the house is determined. The price for it will depend, among other things, on how high the requirements for cleaning are. Experts recommend limiting yourself to main filters in order to provide domestic needs at home. As for drinking water, a set of filters is needed to guarantee complete deep cleaning.

According to the norms established by law and reflected in SNiP 2.04.01-85, the average daily amount of liquid is about 200 liters per person. This includes the total amount of water consumed - both for the shower, and for sewage, and for domestic needs of the whole house. If the filtration of drinking water will be carried out separately, then the demand is calculated separately for this unit.

In the photo: water filtration scheme in a private house

There are some factors that are considered necessary for the correct operation of the system, Therefore, when designing it for a particular house, the following points should be considered:

To install filters, it is necessary to provide a heated room so that the system does not freeze (this can be a basement or basement of a house; mini-systems serving only one point of water intake can be placed directly under the sink).

The filtration system must be connected to the sewer in order to get rid of the dirty water remaining after washing its elements.

Water must be supplied to the filtration system under a certain pressure, its value is indicated in the accompanying documentation.

If the treatment system is designed in compliance with all conditions, then any, even heavily polluted water that has passed through it, will be potable and meet the highest requirements.

This task is not easy and requires a high level of training of professionals in the field of water treatment. Fortunately, there are a large number of companies on the Russian market that can design and install water filtration systems for the home. The price of these services may seem high to someone, and he decides to start creating a water purification system on his own. But a non-specialist has practically no chance to choose the best set of filters for the home, and even more so to make a competent installation of the entire system.

We advise you not to save on the health of your loved ones and contact a reliable company to solve water filtration issues, which will perform the entire range of necessary work - from taking water for analysis to starting the system in the house. She will also provide filter maintenance.

That is exactly what Biokit is. On our site you can see the widest range of filtration equipment presented, the purpose of which is to make the water flowing from the tap in your home as healthy and tasty as possible.

Biokit specialists will come to the rescue if you:

We decided to connect the water filtration system at home on our own;

Do you want to understand the process of selecting filter materials;

Need replacement materials for your home's filtration system;

Interested in troubleshooting or solving problems with the involvement of specialist installers;

Would you like to receive answers to your important questions over the phone.

Entrust the installation of a Biokit water filtration system and your family will enjoy clean and healthy water!

The choice of treatment method depends on the composition of the water itself and the available facilities.

Tap water entering apartments has a different proportion of harmful components.

So there is a need to choose the optimal method of post-treatment which can effectively reduce the amount of harmful substances.

In some cases, a person has to use water from natural sources. In this case, the task of disinfection comes to the fore.

The main methods home water treatment without filter are:

• settling;
• Boiling;
• Freeze;
• distillation method;
• Adsorption by coal;
• Purification with silver;
• iodination;
• shunging;
• silicon processing;
• The use of tourmaline;
• Herbal cleansing.

settling

This is the most easily accessible and cost-effective way post-treatment.

The result of this process is the volatilization of gaseous chlorine and the precipitation of salts of heavy metals.

Settling is considered a simple but ineffective technique.. Only the upper third of the volume of water is released from chlorine. The lower layers contain an increased amount of pollutants.

According to the rules, water must be in an open container for at least 24 hours. After that, it is carefully drained by less than half the volume.

The settled water without any further treatment can be used for watering plants or filling an aquarium.

Boiling

A simple, convenient, cheap and relatively effective way. The main purpose of boiling is the destruction of pathogenic microorganisms, chlorine and low-temperature gases (radon, ammonia).

However, the method also has its drawbacks:

In order to mitigate the negative effects, it is recommended to use already settled liquid for boiling and limit the bubbling time to 15 minutes. In this case, the water container must be open.

Attention! Not all microorganisms die with short-term heating to 100 degrees!

Most pathogenic bacteria (staphylococcus aureus, typhoid bacillus, shigella, Koch bacillus and others) perish when boiled after a few seconds. However, there are also more resistant microorganisms.

An example is the hepatitis A virus, which dies in boiling water only after 5 minutes. Anthrax spores, which can withstand boiling, show even greater endurance.

Freeze

The method is based on a physico-chemical phenomenon, according to which, first of all, crystal clear water turns into ice.

The substance with impurities freezes last. Instructions for using freezing are simple.

Water is poured into an open container and placed in the freezer. When half of the liquid freezes, the ice is taken out, and the rest is drained. Thawed ice is ready to use without any additional processing.

distillation method

Obtaining pure, salt-free water is based on distillation. The technological process in everyday life requires the presence of special equipment - a distiller. It is a system of a container in which water is heated, a tube through which steam moves and a container in which the purified liquid is collected.

The method has two undeniable advantages:

1. There is an almost complete release from salts.
2. When heated, microorganisms die.

However, there are also disadvantages:

1. Light organochlorine is carried along with steam.
2. Water loses biologically necessary trace elements.

Important! Prolonged use of distilled water leads to leaching of potassium, iron, manganese and other physiologically important elements from the body.

Carbon adsorption

Due to the porous structure the substance actively absorbs mineral and organic impurities.

The cleaning option is simple and convenient, but it also has disadvantages. The sorption capacity of coal is limited.

Home instructions for use are simple. Several tablets are placed in a gauze bag and placed in a vessel with water.

The dosage of the sorbent is 1 tablet per 1 liter of liquid. Functional analogues of charcoal are crushed coconut shells or ground fruit tree pits.

Silver

Silver is a metal with pronounced bactericidal properties. This is the basis for its use in the biological treatment of liquids.

According to the level of action, silver is equated to bleach. This metal is even used in swimming pools for disinfection. It is known that the water supplied to the international space stations is preserved with silver.

For bio-cleaning at home, it is enough to put a silver object in a container with water.

But with this method, the proportion of metal passing into water will be low.

For a more pronounced effect, it is necessary to use a solution where silver is in ionic form.

Carefully! It has been scientifically proven that in high concentrations, silver negatively affects a living cell. Therefore, it is undesirable to abuse this method.

iodination

Iodine is widely used in medicine as a disinfectant. This property is also used for domestic purposes. The advantage of iodine is its high bactericidal ability.

1. First, there is only biological treatment.
2. Secondly, the water acquires a characteristic iodine smell.

This greatly limits the use of iodination. An analogue of this method can be bromination. But the use of bromine is expensive, so it is not widely used at home.

shunging

Shungite is a fossil mineral with unique physical and chemical properties.

This is an excellent sorbent that absorbs:

• chlorine,
• nitrates,
• heavy metals,
• organics.

Shungite has bactericidal properties. The composition of the mineral contains a large number of trace elements, due to this, the water is mineralized during infusion.

Important to remember that the mineral has a limited sorption capacity. Microbes, accumulating inside the stone, are able to live there. Therefore, the shungite filter should be periodically replaced with a new one.

silicon processing

To find the right water purification method, you need to know which pollutants are present in it in the greatest amount.

Before proceeding with household after-treatment of tap or natural water, it is worth collecting information about its composition.

The ideal option is a laboratory analysis or household tests. Such data will help to navigate in the choice of the desired method of water purification.

Important! If the same container is used for cleaning and disinfection, it must be washed periodically. In the light, water "blooms", that is, green algae appear in it, which remain on the walls of the vessel and degrade the quality of each subsequent portion of water.

Conclusion

The quality of water supplied to apartments and houses is regulated by sanitary and hygienic standards. Despite state control, the water supplied to the consumer does not always meet the standards. With the emerging problem, household methods of post-treatment help to cope.

The presented review makes it possible to objectively evaluate the entire range of methods and choose the most suitable one in specific conditions. Cleaning at home allows you to save on expensive modern ones.

With proper implementation and combination of methods, you can get water with good organoleptic and chemical indicators at the outlet.

One of the key factors for maintaining health is clean drinking water. To clean it, you can purchase the most common “jug” filter or install a stationary one. And also you can use simple and affordable improvised means.

How to prepare melted water

To prepare melt water, you need to take a container with a tightly screwed lid that fits freely in your freezer. It is undesirable to use a glass jar for this purpose: frozen water can literally break it. If there is no more suitable container, at least do not fill the jar to the top, let 4-5 cm remain between the lid and the surface of the water.

Freezing of ice in the bank occurs unevenly. The first one or two millimeters, which form a kind of capsule inside the vessel, are called "heavy water". It is usually removed by carefully pouring the unfrozen water into another jar. Or you can remove it later by substituting an ice cube under hot water for a few seconds.

Having tightly screwed the lid on the container with water, it is again sent to the freezer - this time for several hours. If everything goes right, after 6-8 hours you should have an ice ball, inside of which there is a little cloudy liquid. It must be drained through a small hole made in the thickness of the ice. Or you can use the same jet of hot water directed to the center of the ice floe and get a clean ice "donut".

Allow the remaining pure, free of impurities, whitish ice to melt naturally. As a result, you will get very tasty and, of course, healthy water that you can drink, prepare herbal tea and other drinks on it, and also use it for washing.

Settling of water

There is another simple way to purify water from sediment and most impurities and at the same time preserve life-giving power. This is a common defense. During settling, heavy metals settle to the bottom of the vessel, while volatile substances, on the contrary, evaporate from the surface. Unfortunately, this is one of the longest running water purification options.

The settling procedure consists of three stages.

Silicon as a water filter

Silicon water purification is used in industry and in everyday life - in the form of silicon filters. But not everyone knows that it is possible to make an impromptu filter for purifying tap water from ordinary silicon pebbles.
This cleaning method takes a little longer, but all impurities will be removed from the liquid. Silicon for these purposes is better to buy specialized - it is sold in eco-goods stores and on the Internet.

Several pebbles are thoroughly washed under running water, and then placed on the bottom of a glass or enamel dish. The number of stones must be chosen based on the volume of water. Then water is poured, covered with gauze on top and placed in a dark room (for example, in a pantry). After two or three days, you can carefully pour the liquid into another dish, leaving at least three centimeters at the bottom. Used pebbles can be used again, it is only necessary to thoroughly wash them from sediment. Silicon-filtered water is stored in a tightly closed glass container.

Water purification with shungite

The mineral shungite is another good natural water filter. The method of water purification with its help is also suitable for those who have several days at their disposal to calmly wait for the end of filtration.
Ordinary water from the tap can be made drinkable and healthy with it, simply by placing one hundred-gram stone for every liter of water. It is not necessary to wrap shungite in fabric, as it is not a loose substance. However, sometimes it reaches the buyer in a broken or fragmented form. In this case, carefully wrap all the pieces in a handkerchief.

Full cleaning will come in three days. Shungite stones can be reused by simply washing them thoroughly with a hard sponge. If the stone fell apart during cleaning, it means that it is no longer suitable for further use, and it will have to be replaced. Nevertheless, water purified with the help of such a stone can be drunk, but before use it is better to strain it through gauze folded four times: small pieces of shungite may remain in the liquid.

Activated carbon for water treatment

Another pharmacy drug that can be used to purify water is activated carbon, familiar from childhood. These tablets, which are commonly used for poisoning and gastrointestinal disorders, can be used to rid the water of unpleasant odors and clean it of foreign matter.

Filtration with activated carbon - one of the most effective ways to purify water - is done in this order:

• count the required number of activated charcoal tablets from the ratio of one tablet per liter of water;
• tightly wrap the tablets in gauze or loose cotton cloth;
• tie the bundle with a long thread - so that it does not unfold;
• lower the bundle to the bottom of a thoroughly washed glass jar, and leave the thread outside so that the activated carbon can be easily removed afterwards;
• fill the jar up to the shoulders with water and cover with a lid;
• wait eight hours until the activated charcoal absorbs all the harmful impurities dissolved in the water;
• at the end of the filtration, remove the bundle by the thread.

Spent coal is not reused: most likely, it managed to crumble into small pieces. It is advisable not to pour the filtered water into another vessel, but only pour it out a little as needed.

Purification of drinking water with silver

Silver is a metal that has excellent antibacterial properties. "Silver" water is good for health both for drinking and for washing.

To purify water with silver, it is enough to place a silver spoon in it for ten hours, and the liquid will be purified.

Before use, the spoon is thoroughly washed using soda for this. If the silver is dull, it must be rubbed to a shine, since the oxide film on its surface prevents the silver from normal contact with water. At the end of the filtration, the spoon is rinsed and wiped dry.

Rowan filtering

This is one of the simplest and safest folk methods of water filtration, which, however, works no worse than activated carbon. It consists in placing a carefully washed bunch of rowan berries in a vessel with water for a couple of hours.

Berries quickly absorb toxic substances and heavy metals. These berries cannot be reused or eaten, but the water becomes really healing.

Nowadays, there is no shortage of filters and water purification systems. Purchased bottled water is also in stable demand. However, independent experts now and then discover that the “thrifty” manufacturer sells ordinary tap water in beautiful bottles. Filters are more reliable in this regard, but it is important not to forget to change cartridges, otherwise the system will turn from cleaning to polluting, as microbes will actively multiply in the filters.

For these and other reasons, "grandmother's" methods of water purification are still relevant. They are inexpensive, completely safe and environmentally friendly. Try experimenting with them and see which method produces the most "tasty" water.

Drink only "living" water and be healthy!