Raspberry fertilizer in the spring with urea. Top dressing remontant raspberries in spring, summer and autumn. Mineral fertilizers for raspberries

In order for raspberries to consistently bear fruit and be strewn with tasty and large berries, it is necessary to fertilize them on time and properly. The berry shrub needs good, fertile soil, which depletes over time. Therefore, the introduction of nutrients into the soil under the raspberry is not an idle question.

How to determine which elements are missing raspberries

The fact that feeding raspberries has become an urgent need can be seen from the appearance of the plant. You should carefully examine the leaves and shoots, pay attention to the general condition of the shrub, and even an inexperienced gardener will become clear how to fertilize raspberries.

Signs by which you can determine the excess or deficiency of a particular nutrient are as follows:

thin shoots and small leaves indicate a lack of phosphorus;
green veins on a yellowed leaf indicate a lack of iron;
weak leaf growth and their color change to yellow signal a lack of magnesium;
small and yellow leaves that have stopped growing show by their appearance that there is not enough nitrogen;
brown leaves that change color from the edges indicate a lack of potassium;
the rapid growth of green mass and shedding of berries demonstrate an excess of nitrogen.

Knowing which ones are needed, it is easier to balance nutrition and pick up those elements that the plant needs so much. During the growing season, raspberries are fed several times, because during growth, during fruiting, in preparation for winter rest, the shrub needs different nutrients.

The introduction of batteries during landing

The first question of an inexperienced gardener: what kind of fertilizer to apply under raspberries when planting? A young bush must receive the necessary amount of nutrients in order to better adapt and move into growth. After choosing a site for raspberries during the autumn digging, the following top dressing is applied to poor soils per 1 m 2:

10-15 kg of organic components;
20-30 g of potassium compounds;
30-45 gr of phosphorus compounds.

On "fatty" soils, this ratio will be slightly less. What fertilizer for raspberries is applied to the planting pit? If the soils are soddy-podzolic, then 8-10 kg of humus or compost, 150-200 g of superphosphate and 70-80 g of potassium sulfate are added to a previously prepared pit. Superphosphate and potassium sulfate can be replaced with 600 grams of wood ash.

Fertilizing raspberries with ash is much more useful, since it contains a whole complex of macro- and microelements. Chemical components are mixed with fertile soil so as not to burn the roots due to their high concentration. Around the planted bush, the surface is mulched with loose organic matter: tree bark, peat, straw, sawdust.

Advice! Raspberries grow on soils with high acidity, but prefer neutral or slightly acidic soils, so liming should be done a year before planting raspberries.

It is also necessary to reduce acidity during the period of plant growth.

Spring top dressing

In the spring, during the pruning and garter of raspberries, they dig up the soil and start feeding the bushes. Raspberry spring fertilizer is an important point, because it needs to gain strength for subsequent growth and fruiting. In the spring, nitrogen fertilizers are the most necessary for raspberries, since with powerful, well-leafed shoots there is hope for a harvest.

In the spring, top dressing is applied to the raspberry soil:

Nitrogen, which is "responsible" for the growth of green mass. It is found in urea, chicken manure, slurry. Fertilizer diluted in certain proportions (one of the proposed ones) is poured into grooves made along the bushes at a distance of 30-50 cm.
Humus, necessary not only for nutrition, but also to improve the soil structure. It is evenly scattered between the bushes, slightly digging and mixing with the ground. You can leave the humus on the surface and mix with peat: it will serve as a mulch material.
Decomposed compost (if there is no humus), which includes bird droppings, foliage, manure, peat, weeds. Compost is prepared in advance and during processing it is saturated with a mass of useful components. It is made at the rate of 10 kg / m 2.
Complex fertilizer for raspberries: take 60 g of superphosphate, 40 g of potassium salt (can be replaced with wood ash) and 30 g of ammonium nitrate per bucket of water. They are applied to the soil under the bushes in one or two doses.
Peat to improve the structure of the soil, since the percentage of nutrients available to the plant in it is small.
Wood ash in diluted or dry form as a mineral fertilizer for raspberries, rich in nutrients.

Advice! If the bush is weak and does not grow well, then slurry, diluted with water in a ratio of 1: 4, serves as a good top dressing. For 4-5 bushes, 1 bucket of solution is enough.

Nutrition during the fruiting period

Feeding raspberries during flowering and fruiting is important, since the yield of fragrant and tasty berries depends on the content of nutrients in the soil. At this time, the berry bush needs a lot of strength to bring a bountiful harvest. How to fertilize raspberries during this period?

If by the beginning of summer the shrubs look weak and not leafy enough, then it is worth using fertilizer for raspberries in the form of chicken manure. To do this, take 1 part of the litter to 12 parts of water, insist for several days and water each bush with this solution. A healthy look to the shrub will be given by manure in the form of top dressing (instead of chicken manure), which is bred 1: 5. Consumption for 5 bushes is 10 liters.

A complex composition is introduced into the grooves between the rows: 1 tbsp of superphosphate, 1 tbsp of wood ash, 3-4 tbsp each. l of urea and potash fertilizers per 10 l of water. Such top dressing helps to saturate the soil with the necessary nutrients, which is important during the formation of berries.

Attention! Nitrogen fertilizers have the ability to acidify the soil, so after applying them, you need to pour a glass of ash under each bush.

After fruiting, nitrogen cannot be applied, as it contributes to the growth of green mass, and in autumn this is not necessary.

In early July, it is useful to support the plant with the following nutritious "cocktail": 2-3 tbsp. l fertilizer "Ideal" with 2 tbsp. l nitrophoska, diluted in 10 liters of water. Enough 6-8 liters per 1 running meter. This is a useful top dressing for raspberries during the fruiting period, this composition makes it possible for both growth and ripening of berries.

How to feed raspberries in August, when fruiting is coming to an end? During this period, a potassium solution is usually used, for the preparation of which 2 tbsp. l of potassium sulfate is diluted in 10 l of water. Consumption is 6-8 liters per linear meter. Before making the solution, the soil is sprinkled with wood ash 1 st per 1 m 2.

A warning! It is undesirable to use potassium chloride as a top dressing.

Chlorine is not a useful component for the berry bush and causes a disease such as chlorosis. In case of emergency, potassium chloride is applied in the fall, then by spring the chlorine is washed out of the soil.

Foliar top dressing

For abundant fruiting, foliar feeding of raspberries is important. This is spraying with a spray gun of the leaf part, which is carried out in the evening, in warm, calm and clear weather. It does not make sense to carry out such treatment before the rain, since the rain will wash away all the batteries.

Raspberry foliar nutrition provides the following benefits:

good nutrition in bad weather conditions;
yield growth up to 15-20%;
earlier ripening of berries;
rich taste;
resistance to pests and diseases.

Raspberry fertilizer "Kristalon" has the listed qualities and is used for foliar top dressing. During the growing season, "Special Crystal" is used with an optimal set of microelements. Use 30 g per 10 liters of water. 2-3 weeks before the removal of the berries, the ground part of the bush is re-treated with “Brown Crystal”: 20 g of the substance is diluted in 10 liters of water.

Important! Leaf processing can be planned, which is carried out 4-6 days after root dressing, emergency - with a shortage of a certain nutrient element and sporadic, when weather conditions are unfavorable for crop ripening.

Top dressing in the autumn

Feeding raspberries is also important in the autumn, as the plants are depleted. During the summer, the bushes of the berry crop use almost the entire supply of nutrients, and for the growth of young shoots in the spring, a new portion of top dressing from nutrients is needed. urea, and in the fall, organic matter, phosphate and potash fertilizers are applied for digging.

Organic matter is added to the soil layer for 2-3 years after planting, since all the necessary nutrients were added during planting. During this period, mineral components are used. Then, complex fertilizers for raspberries are prepared annually.

For 1 m 2 landings use:

2-3 kg of organic matter in the form of humus or semi-rotted manure;
4 tbsp. l superphosphate;
2 tbsp. l potassium and nitrogen components;
50 gr of a special fruit and berry mixture of fertilizers;
1 tbsp garden mix

The resulting top dressing is applied to the row-spacing, followed by incorporation into the soil. From above, the earth is covered with a layer of mulch. It retains moisture, creates conditions for the development of soil microflora, protects the root system from freezing in cold winters.

Advice! It is useful to bring unrotted manure under the roots of raspberries in the fall.

In winter, it will warm the roots, and in the spring it will “turn” into humus, which will give the plant fresh nutrients.

Fertilizer that raspberries love is wood ash. It is an ideal top dressing at any time of the year. At the end of summer, it must be scattered in the aisles, where the root system of the fruit shrub is located. The plant will make a supply of potassium for the next season in order to get a good harvest and sweet berries.

Feeding raspberries in the fall is carried out at the expense of green manure. They are planted in the second half of summer between rows of raspberry bushes, and during the preparation of raspberries for winter, they are planted in the soil, where the green mass rots during winter and spring. White mustard, clover, vetch are suitable for such plantings.

What fertilizers do raspberries need in autumn? Those that are able to support it in the off-season, help to survive the winter and begin active growth in the spring.

Comment! Feeding raspberries with folk remedies includes various organic mixtures: infusions of bird droppings, mullein, weeds, ash and other equally useful natural ingredients.

When constructing a scheme for feeding raspberries, one should take into account the age, development of the bush and its yield. If the berry culture is weak and poorly developed, then the feeding scheme should be corrected. If the bush is strong, strong, and the yield is 1-1.2 kg per bush, then the gardener knows how to feed the raspberries and his care is bearing fruit.

Landing

The best time to plant raspberries is spring. Some varieties can

Planting raspberries must be carried out in a sunny place. The more light, the better. Raspberries, growing by themselves, shade themselves; they do not need companions in the form of garden trees.

Seedlings are planted in trenches or holes, into which humus is first poured. The seedlings are buried a few centimeters deeper than they grew in the old place. On average, they are deepened by 4-6 centimeters. The distance between the holes is about 60 centimeters, and between the rows of raspberries - about a meter.

The planted plant is well shed with a bucket of water, having previously formed a hole for irrigation.

Watering

Raspberry is a moisture-loving plant. Therefore, in the season it must be watered abundantly in order to get a good harvest of delicious berries. Moisture is especially necessary for the plant during flowering, development and ripening of fruits. Therefore, the first abundant watering is done before flowering, the second after 2-3 weeks. The next watering is done at the time of harvest. The last time the raspberries are watered after pruning.

Raspberry pruning

Raspberries give a harvest on the shoots of the second year. This rule does not apply to repair raspberries. You need to know this in order to successfully form a raspberry bush.

The next year after planting, at the moment when the buds begin to bloom, raspberries are formed by pruning, leaving several strong and healthy shoots. The tops of the shoots are slightly shortened, but not much, since the main fruit buds are at the top. The shoots are attached to the support.

Autumn pruning is the removal of dried shoots.

Raspberry fertilizer

Raspberries are fed several times a season:

during flowering and the appearance of the ovary;
during fruiting;
after the end of fruiting.

The most important trace elements for raspberries are nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Nitrogen fertilizers reduce the resistance of raspberries to frost, so fertilizers are applied in the following sequence: nitrogen fertilizer in spring and summer, potassium-phosphorus in autumn. Raspberry fertilizer in summer is recommended with organic-based formulations, as raspberries respond well to organic matter. In addition, organic fertilizers have a positive effect on the quality of the crop.

Feeding raspberries in spring

In May, i.e. in spring, raspberries are fertilized mainly with nitrogen-containing compounds in order to enhance vegetation, shoot growth and thereby increase its yield. Mineral fertilizers should not be applied, because harvesting an environmentally friendly crop is the goal of every gardener.

Feeding raspberries during flowering

Here are some recipes for feeding raspberries when they bloom:

Feeding with mullein is carried out in the proportion of 1 part of mullein to 10 parts of water. Let it brew for about a week;
A solution of chicken manure in the proportion of 1 part manure to 10 parts water, let it brew for about 10 days, and then use it as a fertilizer, diluting a liter jar of infusion into 10 liters of water;
In the infusion of chicken manure or mullein, prepared according to the rules, wood ash is added in the proportion of 1 glass per 10 liters of water, as well as bone meal, which is applied directly under the roots, mixed with humus;
Yeast in an amount of 100 grams is dissolved in a 10-liter bucket of water; you can fertilize raspberries with a similar composition in spring and summer. It perfectly stimulates the growth of green mass, activates flowering and increases productivity.

Feeding raspberries in summer

The second feeding is carried out when the berries begin to actively sing. You can feed raspberries in July with organic or biohumus compounds. Do not use mineral compounds so that they do not affect the quality of the crop.

Apply compositions based on biohumus, diluting according to the instructions for the drug;
You can feed the raspberries again with infusion of mullein or chicken manure;
Stimulate productivity by feeding with yeast infusion.

Feeding raspberries during fruiting is necessary for the plant to increase productivity, improve the quality and taste of berries.

Autumn top dressing

During the autumn feeding period, it is recommended to introduce herbaceous plants into the soil, for example, vetch, clover, mustard. Overheating, the grass loosens the soil and gives additional fertilizer to the raspberry roots. In addition, a mixture of potassium-phosphorus fertilizers is applied under the plant, which will enable the plant to lay flower buds for the next season.

30 grams of phosphorus and 20 grams of potash fertilizer are mixed, the dry mixture is embedded in the soil around the bush;
They pour it under a bush and close up up to 1 kg of wood ash per square meter of raspberries; raspberry ash fertilizer is recommended to maintain the optimal amount of potassium in the soil

Feeding raspberries with yeast

Feeding raspberries with yeast greatly stimulates the vegetative process, flowering and fruiting of the bush. Therefore, you can feed the raspberries during the ripening of the berries with yeast. In addition to the fact that such top dressing will become a stimulant, it will also strengthen the immunity of the plant, increase productivity and positively affect the quality of the crop.

Countless clusters of ruby-red honey-sweet berries hang from powerful one and a half meter shoots - it is difficult to describe such beauty in words, it is better to see it with your own eyes once. There are legends about the yield of raspberries, but such impressive results are simply impossible without careful care of raspberry plantings. And in such care, feeding plays a huge role.

What do raspberries love?

At the beginning of the growing season, raspberries are in dire need of nitrogen fertilizers.

Have you noticed that you will not meet wild raspberries in a meadow or in an open field? Under natural conditions, this plant can most often be found on forest edges, where the soil is rich in organic matter, which is formed from rotting leaves and branches. Therefore, it is not surprising that garden raspberries are also very demanding on organic fertilizers, without which there is nothing to count on a good harvest of this berry.

Many gardeners believe that fertilizing raspberries with mineral fertilizers is optional. However, this is not the case. Judge for yourself: in addition to the formation of the crop, the plant spends a huge amount of nutrients on the development of root offspring and replacement shoots. And how much of the nutrients are washed out by the rains, and also lost along with the removed weeds and extra annual offspring? In a word, it is simply necessary to feed raspberries, and what and how I will tell further.

Feeding raspberries: how to determine what plants lack

With a generous filling of planting pits, top dressing begins to be introduced only from the third year of operation of the berry plantation. Only in this case can we hope for a large harvest of large berries.

To find out what your raspberries are missing, just take a good look at the bushes.

With a potassium deficiency, raspberry leaves become small, their edges darken and crumple like an accordion. Phosphorus starvation is manifested in the thinning of the shoots and the formation of purple spots on the leaves in the middle tier of plants. And when plants lack nitrogen, they look depressed and produce weak, short shoots.

However, if the shoots have grown above two meters, the leaves have a bright green color, and the raspberries are full of overgrowth, then overfeeding with nitrogen fertilizers takes place. In such a situation, the rate of nitrogen application from the next season should be reduced by 1.5 times.

When and how to feed raspberries

During the flowering period, plants remove a huge amount of nutrients from the soil.

At different stages of the growing season, raspberries need different nutrients. It is advisable to apply organic nitrogen fertilizers for this crop from autumn, since this contributes to a better development of replacement shoots, and less root growth is formed (compared to top dressing in spring). However, spring top dressing with nitrogen is also acceptable.

Throughout the summer, you can regularly feed the plants with nitrogen-containing natural fertilizers, or complex mineral fertilizers. Better yet, alternate watering with "mineral water" and organic matter.

Do not be afraid to feed raspberries with nitrogen fertilizers (according to the instructions). Raspberries do not accumulate nitrates if nitrogen fertilization is completed before the plants enter the fruiting phase.

There are many options for feeding raspberries, here are the most successful of them:

Mulching plantings with fresh or rotted manure / humus / compost. Organics are scattered under the bushes in the fall at the rate of 3-4 kilograms per square meter of plantings. You can carry out this operation in the spring: for this, the soil on the raspberry bed is covered with a thin layer of manure, and a 10-15-cm layer of humus or garden compost is poured on top. When watering and raining, water will pass through the manure layer, be saturated with nitrogen and deliver it straight to the roots of plants. In addition, humus mulch will prevent unwanted nitrogen evaporation.
Mulching plantings with peat with the addition of urea or nitrate. If you do not have organic matter at your disposal, then the soil in the garden with raspberries can be covered with peat at the rate of 1-2 buckets per square meter of plantings. At the same time, for every 10 liters (bucket) of fertilizer, 25-30 grams of saltpeter or urea are added.
Feeding raspberries with ash. In this case, wood ash (2 kg / sq.m.) is scattered between rows at the end of summer and lightly covered with a rake. Ash can also be added in the spring, but in a smaller dose - 100 grams (1 cup) per square meter of plantings. By the way, regular addition of ash to raspberry bushes improves the taste of berries.
Watering raspberries with solutions of urea or saltpeter in the spring. For one-time top dressing per square meter of raspberries, 60-100 grams of one of these fertilizers is used. This dose can also be applied in parts, up to mid-June. During autumn mulching with organic matter, such top dressing is carried out only if there is a weak growth of shoots, while the dose is reduced to 15-20 grams of nitrate or urea.
Watering raspberries with liquid organic fertilizers in spring. Solutions of slurry (1:10) or (1:20) moisten the soil around the raspberry bushes at the beginning of the growing season (May - early June) at the rate of 3-5 liters per square meter. In total, it is enough to carry out 2-3 such top dressings. If there is no manure, then you can water the berry plantations, and.
Application of mineral fertilizers. During fruiting under the bushes, you can add 30-50 grams of nitroammophoska or 50 grams of superphosphate, 15 grams of ammonium nitrate and 20-30 grams of potassium sulfate (potassium magnesia) per square meter. After harvesting berries, raspberries can be fed with complex mineral fertilizers (for example, 50-80 grams of nitroammophoska per square meter). A complete mineral fertilizer can also be replaced with 20-30 grams of ammonium nitrate, 60 grams of superphosphate and 20-30 potassium sulphate (potassium magnesia) per square meter.

Mineral and organic top dressings are applied only on spilled, wet soil, otherwise a high concentration of dry substances can cause burns of young raspberry roots.

Compost and humus plus ash can serve as a full-fledged replacement for any other fertilizers if they are used annually (preferably in autumn) and at an increased dose - from 10 to 15 kilograms of humus and 1-2 kilograms of ash per square meter of raspberries. Then your raspberries will not need any other top dressing for the whole next year.

Every housewife who has her own garden in autumn wants to harvest a rich harvest of beautiful berries and fruits. However, before this happens, you need to work hard, not just planting young bushes and watering them, but also studying the characteristics of each seedling. Like many other garden crops, raspberries need timely and proper feeding.

preliminary stage

Before you start applying purchased fertilizers to the ground, it is worth removing weeds that could grow around the bushes. At the same time, mechanical processing is strictly prohibited, since there is always a risk of damaging the roots located near the surface of the earth. If the roots are damaged, the death of the bush is inevitable, and therefore you will have to work with your hands, carefully and slowly weeding out one weed after another.

Immediately after weeding, experts recommend mulching the upper layers of the soil. This stage is very important, since subsequently it is the mulch that will retain moisture and regulate the level of soil acidity. Raspberry compost is applied in a layer of no more than five centimeters. It is allowed to use manure or wet peat, however, in no case should the mulch be on young shoots, otherwise the young plants will simply die.

Feeding rules

In most cases, raspberries do not require special treatment, taking all the necessary nutrients from the gradually decaying mulch. It is for this reason that the bushes do not need frequent feeding, however, to get a good harvest during the flowering and fruiting period, top dressing will not become superfluous.

First of all, in spring or early summer, when the bushes begin to bloom, and this depends on the raspberry variety, the surface of the earth around the bushes should be covered with another mulch layer. At the same time, organic fertilizers are applied, among which there must be blood or bone meal, on which the mulch is actually laid.

In the event that during the flowering period only a few flowers appear on raspberry bushes, it can be fed with slurry, which is diluted in water 1: 4. At the same time, the slurry should not be applied later than mid-June, otherwise the flowering will be delayed, and the fruits will not have time to ripen. At the same time, it is necessary to apply mineral fertilizers, counting them N8-10P10-12K8-10 and diluting them in 10 liters of water.

Under bushes that are already bearing fruit during their garter period, it is necessary to apply 30-50 grams of nitroammophoska per square meter. Subsequently, raspberries need to be fed two more times. The first time in the first days of the formation of green berries, the second time - exactly 10 days after that. Most often, gardeners use liquid top dressing, which can be prepared at home by mixing potassium, nitrogen and phosphorus elements. Ash is best suited in this case, but it can only be stored in a closed container. Some prefer to buy ready-made fertilizers, in which the manufacturer has already mixed all the necessary nutrients.