Yurt made of timber. Do-it-yourself yurt - step by step instructions. Ten-walled yurt and larger structures

If you are tired of standard gazebos in the courtyard of the house, you want something exotic and at the same time cozy - try to build a real yurt with your own hands. Such a house is also portable and may well replace a tent while traveling.

The benefits of a traditional yurt include:

Ease of assembly and disassembly of the entire structure - with proper skill and the presence of an assistant, the process takes no more than an hour or two;
Reliability. Thanks to its round shape, the yurt perfectly withstands strong winds, even hurricanes, protects from precipitation;
You can use a yurt, unlike ordinary gazebos, in winter, if you install a stove inside and ensure the proper thickness and density of the walls. In the summer, raising the felt mat allows you to ventilate the room and make it very cool, comfortable;
The yurt looks very exotic, will not leave guests indifferent, inside it can be decorated with carpets, other interesting details, and on top - embroidered bedspreads;
A portable yurt usually weighs 150–200 kg, maximum 300, so it is easily transported;
All materials for the yurt are traditionally environmentally friendly, although now it is possible to replace them with modern counterparts, but there are still suitable eco-friendly options.

So, the first thing you need to build your own yurt is wooden slats. Traditionally, they were made from black willow, willow growing along the banks of rivers, or birch. Now you can buy ready-made rails, a flashing, which costs from 12 rubles per linear meter. The slats must be strong in bending, because the yurt will be round. It is easy to check this - wave a long rail, if it is with knots and cracks, it will break.

Approximate dimensions of the rails: thickness from 8 to 15 mm, width - from 25 to 40 mm, length should be about three meters, maybe 2.5 m, depending on what height your walls will be. To work with wooden planks, you will need a hand saw or jigsaw to make them the same length, as well as a drill for drilling holes for fasteners and a screwdriver or screwdriver.

Historically, the slats were attached to each other diagonally, with an oblique cage to make holes in the form of rhombuses, with rawhide belts from the skin of grazing livestock, tied into knots. Holes were made at the junctions of the rails for this purpose. Now knots from belts can be replaced with a furniture screed of a suitable size, but no one has canceled pre-made holes. For example, a rail 12 mm thick will require a runner profile tie with a sleeve length of 10 mm.

If the yurt is really portable, collapsible, it is very important that the lattice of slats be assembled like an accordion! Therefore, self-tapping screws for fastening the rails will not work - just get a stationary lattice for the gazebo.

Alternatively, you can assemble a metal frame, we do not argue, but it will be heavier, not authentic. In addition, finding suitable metal rails is already more difficult, and working with metal may require additional tools, such as grinders and metal drills.

The dimensions of the cells were traditionally described so that a fist or two fists of an adult could pass through. The smaller the diamonds on the lattice of the yurt, the stronger the structure will be, but more material will be used. Choose the size yourself, for example, 10–15–20 cm between the planks, the main thing is that all cells are the same, and there are at least five fasteners on one rail.

Usually in one section of the lattice there are 44 or 48 laths, 22 or 24 in each direction, because they overlap each other. A standard yurt consists of 5 or 6 such lattices, which move apart and are installed in a circle.

When the lattice walls are ready, it's time to start arranging the roof. Here the most important thing will be to choose the length of the rafters according to the height and dimensions of your yurt, as well as to make a light and smoke rim. As for the rafters that will connect the walls to the rim that crowns the entire yurt, you can take glued beams, which can withstand a serious load. If the yurt is six meters long, you will need at least 36 rafters three meters long and 90 by 40 mm in section. For an eight-meter yurt of rafters four meters long and with a section of 120 by 45 mm, at least 48 will be required. You can also take a solid beam.

The distance between the rafters should be at least 60 cm, the smaller - the more reliable the roof will be. There are yurts where the number of rafters exceeds a hundred.

As for the rim, the light-smoke opening in the roof of the yurt, it was traditionally made from twisted birch trunks. This wood is not so difficult to bend, especially if pre-soaked, the rim can be made from two semicircular halves connected to each other. The tree was additionally bent by steaming and bending with the help of stakes.

Now the rim-circle on the roof of the yurt can be made of plywood with a thickness of at least 20 mm. You will need a jigsaw, hand clamps, a pendulum circular saw, plywood itself and wood glue.

Important! In a traditional yurt, on top of the rim window, there are arcuate strips that allow you to conveniently cover a hole in the roof with a canopy. However, now you can do without them.

Through holes must be cut in the rim in order to insert the rafters. The roof beams of the yurt are traditionally fastened to the grating of the walls with ropes in the places of the crosses - the joints of the planks. Separate sections of the lattice are also attached to each other with belts or ropes. It is also advisable to stretch a cord, belt, rope along the entire diameter of the walls of the yurt to make the structure even more reliable.

We will separately mention the doorway. It is prepared from boards, the standard opening is 200 by 80 cm. Be sure to drill through holes along the side jambs of the doorway - to fasten it with the gratings of the wall into which it will stand. The doorway is fastened with straps or ropes. Holes are made in the upper part of the jamb for inserting rafters, domed poles.

The door itself can be the most ordinary, find an old interior door, if the yurt is winter, insulate it with a blanket or felt bedding. If the yurt is used only in the summer, it will be enough to cover the doorway with a canopy, just a beautiful curtain.

Now let's move on to covering the yurt. Traditionally, it was covered with felt made from sheep's wool. Now you can use such modern material as holofiber. It will be enough to cover a summer yurt in your area with an ordinary awning, tarpaulin that protects from rain, and other covering materials. You can also insulate and at the same time decorate the walls with mats. The grating of the wall from the inside should remain visible, it is painted red - this is a tradition and just an attractive decor option.

There are usually at least two layers of coating in a yurt - external and internal, so you can not limit your imagination and make your portable house surprisingly attractive both inside and out with the help of textile and non-woven panels.

As for the floor, it all depends on your plans regarding the operation of the yurt. If it will serve exclusively in summer, then let it be just textiles on the ground, light, beautiful, comfortable. Or even a lawn on which there will be benches and a table for gatherings.

For winter use, only carpets will not be enough, you need a wooden floor. Some homeowners make a light foundation, but this is no longer a portable nomad house, but a stationary gazebo.

The stove in the yurt is always placed in the center, under the light-smoke hole. A chimney is put into it, and the stove can be an ordinary potbelly stove installed on a metal sheet for safety.

The yurt is the main dwelling of the nomads of Central and Central Asia, as well as the southern regions of Siberia. The frame of the yurt consists of wooden lattices and poles, which are covered with felt. Felt is a dense material made from the wool of sheep or camels (the material from which the well-known felt boots are made). To get felt from wool, wool must be kneaded and rubbed for a long time and with effort so that it becomes completely tangled.

According to archaeologists, the first prototype of the yurt existed three thousand years ago. On the territory of present-day Kazakhstan, scientists have discovered buildings identical to those used by the nomadic tribes of Asia for thousands of years. These were round or multifaceted buildings with frame walls made of vertical poles, with wattle grating, with a conical or pyramidal ceiling resting on a frame through which smoke or simply a chimney came out. In the center of the yurt is a cauldron for cooking - a cauldron. The hole for light and smoke is located at the very top of the dome.

Naturally, on cold or rainy days, the top opening of the yurt should be tightly closed. And it was closed with felt (felt is the best kind of felt that prevents wind and moisture from entering). It was the folding lattice walls, moving apart like accordion furs, found on the territory of Kazakhstan that became the fundamental difference between the yurt and its predecessors, reminiscent of an ordinary hut.

The round shape and mobility of the yurt reflected both protection from the weather and the economic way of life of a nomad. A nomadic yurt is sensitive to temperature fluctuations, responds to weather changes, perfectly protects against a few atmospheric precipitations, saves from heat in summer, and cold in winter. This unique ability is very significant. Indeed, in some parts of Asia, the air temperature in summer is +40 C, and in winter -30 C. Nomads are a steppe people, strong winds and real hurricanes are frequent in the steppes.

The construction of the yurt, consisting of a wooden lattice and porous woolen felt, plays the role of a temperature regulator, maintaining a constant thermal regime inside the dwelling. In a yurt, it is possible to organize circular ventilation, for which you need to slightly raise the felt mat at the base, as a result of which the air will circulate perfectly. The yurt is not afraid of almost any natural disasters - its structure withstands the strongest hurricanes and earthquakes without any problems.

As confirmation of the versatility and comfort of the yurt, it is appropriate to quote the lines of the Great Chinese poet Bo Ju-yi, who saw the times when almost all of Central and Central Asia lived in the yurt. Here is how he describes the dwelling of the nomads:

Wool was collected from a thousand sheep, Hundreds of two rings were forged, A round frame from coastal willows Strong, fresh, comfortable and beautiful. In the transparent blue of the north, the Warrior set up his yurt on the grass, And now, like a blue mist, She came south with him. A whirlwind cannot shake a yurt, From the rain its chest hardens, There are no dungeons or corners in it, But inside it is cozy and warm. Moving away from the steppes and mountains, Yurta came to my yard. Her shadow is beautiful under the moon, And in winter she is always with me. Felt against hoarfrost - a wall, The veil of snow is not terrible ...

The dimensions of the yurt optimally correspond to the scale of a person, the internal layout takes into account the interests and tastes of its inhabitants, provides the most comfortable household activities in the steppe conditions.

Lightweight collapsible building is adapted for transportation on pack animals. The total weight of the yurt with furniture is about 300-400 kg, this is the carrying capacity of just one camel. The diameter of an ordinary residential yurt is 4.5-8 m, the height in the center is 3.5-5 m. Mounting or dismantling takes no more than one hour. The design of the yurt consists of nine main parts.

Yurt for a summer residence: a modern alternative to a traditional house

Due to the fact that these slats are compressed or stretched by an accordion, it is possible to vary the size of the yurt. The skeleton of the roof, which forms the vault, consists of planed poles, which are stuck at the top into a special circle - the center of the roof, and in the lower part they rest on the lattice of the walls.

In the steppe there were yurts from small residential to huge nomadic temples and yurts-palaces. Depending on the geographical conditions, mainly on the amount of precipitation, the appearance of the yurt also changed. The dwelling could have a spherical (Mongolian type) or conical shape (Turkic type), the first has a low cone-shaped roof, the second has a dome. The Kazakhs, Kirghiz, Karakalpaks, Uzbeks and Bashkirs had both types, the Turkmens had the Turkic type. The inner side of the walls is decorated with a straw mat. In winter, Kazakhs hang 2-3 rows of straw mats on the walls, and the space between them is filled with straw. The floor is covered with carpets and sheepskin.

The size of the yurt was formed from its functional purpose. So, if an ordinary residential yurt of a nomad, consisting of 3-4 composite lattice-walls, had a capacity of 8-10 people, then large collapsible yurts-palaces of the leaders already consisted of 10-25 lattice-walls and accommodated 50-100 people. The large portable yurt of the last Khan of Mongolia could accommodate 500 people.

There were special ritual yurts - wedding and mourning. Wedding yurts were especially beautiful, with an abundance of ornaments and bright colors. But in mourning yurts, the color symbol of death was not necessarily black, as among Europeans, and not only white, as among the Far Eastern peoples. A red flag was raised above the mourning yurt if a young person was dying, black if it was a middle-aged person, white if an elderly one.

You will need:

Cardboard
Flannel or flannelette fabric
colorful yarn
Draped fabric

There are several options for making a cardboard yurt. You will need template markup. Bend the cardboard (preferably thin for ease of use) in half, and circle half of the structure. You will be provided with symmetry, since the cardboard is folded evenly, which means that the parts are located at an equal distance from the middle of the center.

Now cut the template, start at the bottom edge of the cardboard, round as you cut. And in the middle, cut out the inlet to our building, which at the same time wrap the tube up, above the entrance, and then unfold the cardboard, following the contours of the fold. Now, to complete the solution, the question of how to make a yurt, it remains to decorate the finished product with a national ornament.

It can be a traditional geometric ornament, or you can come up with something of your own, as your fantasy tells you. The ornament is cut out separately and painted in a variety of colors, and now you need to glue the resulting yurt onto another sheet of thin cardboard or a simple landscape sheet. There is another version of the cardboard yurt.

First of all, you will need to create a bottom for the yurt using cardboard. Also using cardboard, build the ceiling of the yurt. Naturally, the walls located inside the structure should also be made of cardboard, like the ceiling and bottom. Now you need to trim the cardboard with other materials, since it is the basis.

You can use, as mentioned above, both flannelette and flannel, if suddenly you do not have one of them. After you cover the bottom inside our yurt with a baize or flannel, go to the outer layer of cardboard, it is the basis of the product here, since we have a question about how to make a yurt out of cardboard. You will need to sheathe the outer layer of cardboard with a drape.

How to build a yurt. Yurt with your own hands.

Do the same with the wall of the yurt.

And finally, just sew the walls and the bottom part of the yurt. From the inside, sheathe the ceiling with flannelette or flannel, but on the outside, already use cotton wool to create volume. It should turn out to be about two centimeters. And also sew it to the walls. It remains to create pigtails using yarn. Tie them up and decorate the side of the yurt with them both below and above. Can be in multiple rows. Outside of the yurt, also braid with patterns of yarn.

All folk crafts

The yurt is the main dwelling of the nomads of Central and Central Asia, as well as the southern regions of Siberia. The frame of the yurt consists of wooden lattices and poles, which are covered with felt. Felt is a dense material made from the wool of sheep or camels (the material from which the well-known felt boots are made). To get felt from wool, wool must be kneaded and rubbed for a long time and with effort so that it becomes completely tangled.
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According to archaeologists, the first prototype of the yurt existed three thousand years ago. On the territory of present-day Kazakhstan, scientists have discovered buildings identical to those used by the nomadic tribes of Asia for thousands of years. These were round or multifaceted buildings with frame walls made of vertical poles, with wattle grating, with a conical or pyramidal ceiling resting on a frame through which smoke or simply a chimney came out. In the center of the yurt is a cauldron for cooking - a cauldron. The hole for light and smoke is located at the very top of the dome.

Wool was collected from a thousand sheep, Hundreds of two rings were forged, A round frame from coastal willows Strong, fresh, comfortable and beautiful. In the transparent blue of the north, the Warrior set up his yurt on the grass, And now, like a blue mist, She came south with him. A whirlwind cannot shake a yurt, From the rain its chest hardens, There are no dungeons or corners in it, But inside it is cozy and warm. Moving away from the steppes and mountains, Yurta came to my yard. Her shadow is beautiful under the moon, And in winter she is always with me. Felt against hoarfrost - a wall, The veil of snow is not terrible ...
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The dimensions of the yurt optimally correspond to the scale of a person, the internal layout takes into account the interests and tastes of its inhabitants, provides the most comfortable household activities in the steppe conditions.

The skeleton of the walls is made up of interconnected folding wooden lattices, which determine the size and capacity of the dwelling. Each lattice consists of flat slats superimposed on one another with an oblique cage and fastened with rawhide straps. Due to the fact that these slats are compressed or stretched by an accordion, it is possible to vary the size of the yurt. The skeleton of the roof, which forms the vault, consists of planed poles, which are stuck at the top into a special circle - the center of the roof, and in the lower part they rest on the lattice of the walls.

The size of the yurt was formed from its functional purpose. So, if an ordinary residential yurt of a nomad, consisting of 3-4 composite lattice-walls, had a capacity of 8-10 people, then large collapsible yurts-palaces of the leaders already consisted of 10-25 lattice-walls and accommodated 50-100 people. The large portable yurt of the last Khan of Mongolia could accommodate 500 people.
> >
There were special ritual yurts - wedding and mourning. Wedding yurts were especially beautiful, with an abundance of ornaments and bright colors. But in mourning yurts, the color symbol of death was not necessarily black, as among Europeans, and not only white, as among the Far Eastern peoples. A red flag was raised above the mourning yurt if a young person was dying, black if it was a middle-aged person, white if an elderly one.

If you have a summer cottage or a large garden, sooner or later there is a desire to acquire your own house so that you can comfortably relax in nature, store agricultural tools or simply invite guests to barbecue. But the construction of a traditional cottage is a rather expensive and time-consuming undertaking. In addition, it is necessary to coordinate the project and many bureaucratic nuances in the relevant authorities.

But there are modern alternative solutions that allow you to get all the advantages of a traditional country house at a modest price. The choice of a modern summer resident is a yurt instead of a house. And all because it meets the basic requirements that are put forward during construction:

Rebuilt as soon as possible.
Has a technical design.
Does not require significant financial investments.
Has the possibility of refurbishment.
Practical and durable.

In addition to the listed advantages, a yurt made according to all the rules has other advantages, which we will consider below.

Yurts: specifics of construction and operation

A yurt is a frame portable house of a round shape. At first glance, the dwelling may seem primitive to a person who lives all his life within four walls. But yurts have been tested for thousands of years, the peoples of the Altai Territory, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, the Mongols and many nomadic tribes have lived and still live in such buildings.

Since the yurt was invented by nomads, it was created mobile, easily assembled and disassembled. The construction is built literally within two hours. And understands even faster, you can do it in just an hour. At the same time, a dwelling installed in accordance with all the rules will reliably stand for more than one month, creating optimal conditions for living or relaxing in any season. That is why modern summer residents believe that the best home for a summer residence is a yurt.

It is noteworthy that having decided to put such a structure on a suburban area, you do not need to independently look for drawings and materials. There are already ready-made options for sale in different diameters: 3, 5, 6 meters. In such houses, from 3 to 8 people can freely accommodate, and if a one-time overnight stay is expected, if you make room, you can invite up to 12 guests.

Construction of a factory yurt

A yurt made by specialists is a set of ready-made elements and fasteners. It is enough to follow the instructions to assemble a durable and reliable house. The kit includes the following items:

skeleton. Lattices and poles.
Covering from natural materials (felt).
Dome (it has a hole for lighting and ventilation).
Side covers. They are sewn from modern fabrics that have found application in the tourism industry. They perform several functions at once: they create a comfortable microclimate, prevent insects from getting inside. They can be raised for ventilation or lighting.

When disassembled, the yurt takes up very little space, and the most spacious version weighs no more than 300 kg. This means that it can be transported in an ordinary passenger car. If it is decided to set up the yurt only for the warm season, then it is enough to dismantle it, and you can store it at home or in the garage, it will not take up much space.

Benefits of using a yurt as a country house

We can safely say that a yurt is a universal building that combines all the advantages of an ordinary country house and a modern tent. It is possible to put up a yurt for several years without thinking about the need for assembly. But it is much more reasonable to clean it in the cold season, thereby extending the service life.

Owners no longer have to think about how to protect their property from vandals and dacha thieves, which are one of the most serious problems of dacha villages. Closing the season, the owners of the yurt leave behind a clean summer cottage, and take with them a compact bundle, which will again turn into a cozy summer cottage next year.

In addition, factory yurts have the following advantages:

Affordable price. It is somewhat higher than that of a tent, but several times lower than that of a traditional small cottage.
Mobility. You can transport the yurt on any transport.
Ease of operation. The structure is easily assembled and disassembled even in the absence of special skills.
Comfortable microclimate. The yurt is created in the image and likeness of the dwellings of nomadic tribes; a comfortable temperature level is maintained inside all year round. The tent is cool in summer and warm in autumn and winter.
Possibility of use in any season. Yurts are made from materials that can withstand any precipitation, strong winds, hurricanes and other cataclysms.
Ecological purity. The production uses environmentally friendly materials: wood, wool, felt.
Durability. All elements are created in strict accordance with standards, they are durable and resistant to any environmental influences.
Versatility. A yurt can be used not only as a country house, but also as a comfortable tent. It can be easily dismantled and taken with you on long hiking trips, outdoor activities, solving all the problems with overnight stays in the open.

Modern country yurts: individual solutions for everyone

When a cottage is built, each owner chooses the optimal parameters: materials, dimensions, number of floors, degree of insulation and insulation. It's the same with yurts, you can choose.

Home is the place where love lives, where memories are made, every person needs a home. Some inherit, others buy, and there are those who build with their own hands. Zach Bot and Nicole Lopez are people who built their home with the help of friends and family.

They didn't just build a house, they built a yurt!

The couple created a website called "Do It Yurtself" where they not only detail the process of making their own yurt, but also offer useful information for those who decide to do something similar.

“The finished yurt is 9 meters in diameter, 68 square meters, with an additional 18.5 square meters of attic floor,” says Zach Bot, “This yurt was built in one weekend with a group of friends, most of whom were involved in the construction for the first time".

"Our own little oasis 20 minutes from downtown Portland."

“Day 1 in place. Trying to clear as much of the brambles as possible"

A total of 65,000 dollars was spent on the yurt: 41,000 for component parts, the rest - for furniture and household appliances.

Foundation construction

It took 128 36 kg bags of concrete, mixed on site and poured by hand.

When the base was ready, they brought a yurt kit from Washington

“The first layer of a roof is a fabric covering. This is what you see from the inside. The plastic covering is temporary so it didn't show stains from the newly painted black rafters. Then comes the reflective foil insulation. We have chosen two layers. The final vinyl roof is waterproof and weighs over 90kg.

After installing electricity and running water, the couple decided to decorate the interiors.

“Nicole does a great job sanding the finished floor.”