Elena Polyakova
Project “Pineapple and its secrets. Growing exotic plants on the example of Ananas comosus ”(preparatory group for school)

Project: « Pineapple and its secrets»

(cultivation of exotic plants on the example of Ananas comosus).

Duration project: short term

Type project: cognitive-exploratory

Members project: children, parents, teachers.

Children's age: 6-7 years old.

Relevance project: The environmental problem is one of the most acute problems of our time. The future of mankind depends on the level of ecological culture of each person, his competent participation in their decision. Currently, on the shelves of our stores you can find all kinds of vegetables and fruits, including exotic for our area. Children are attracted to everything interesting and unusual. Learn about the most useful rainforest plants, exotic fruits and medicinal plants, which can be useful to a person in a tropical rainforest, the children were very interested and suggested grow in our group any one of the tropical plants, to grow to see for yourself and with your own eyes how it growing. The children were very interested in such a fruit as a pineapple. And got confused pineapple is a plant, bush or tree? During the implementation of this the project is supposed that children not only recognize the names exotic plants and their appearance but also their useful qualities. Through research, children will become familiar with the features of - pineapple(conditions of its growth, methods of reproduction). Children learn a lot of new words - concepts and names. In the process of work, the development of cognitive processes, feelings of sympathy will naturally occur. Of particular importance will be communication skills aimed not only at the conflict-free communication of children with each other, but also at a careful attitude to nature in general.

Object of study: pineapple thailand.

Subject of study: Process .

Target: Creation of conditions for acquaintance of children with exotic fruit(Thai pineapple) .

1. To form children's ideas about exotic fruit pineapple.

2. To form the ability of children to care for plants, meeting the conditions necessary for growing exotic fruit.

3. To educate children of 6-7 years old to respect nature and the world around them.

Hypothesis.

In conditions groups from the grassy part of the fruit perhaps grow large and beautiful herbaceous plant.

Problematic situation.

how grow this fruit, as a pineapple?

Work principles.

1.The principle of natural conformity: it is necessary to take into account the nature of the child - gender, age; build activities in accordance with interests and needs.

2.The principle of interaction and cooperation between children and adults: participation in the organization of educational work of teachers, parents and children.

Materials and ingredients for the experiment.

Fruit a pineapple, plastic cups, plastic plates, pot and earth and soil for planting.

Expected result.

Children are interested in growing exotic plants.

Children apply put into practice their theoretical knowledge.

Children independently display their observations by regularly sketching changes that occur with pineapple.

Parents are actively involved in project activities.

Relationship with other activities.

Organization of educational activities from the section "Formation of a holistic picture of the world" (educational field - cognitive development).

Conversations, observations ( educational areas: cognitive development, speech development, social and communicative development).

Implementation stages project.

1. Preparatory stage

Introduction to biological description exotic plant.

Conversation "What is a pineapple? What does it look like? Istrian origin.

Collection of information from various sources about exotic plant pineapple.

Help in forming a hypothesis.

Familiarization with useful properties pineapple. Conversation with children "Beneficial features exotic fruit pineapple» .

Conversation with children "Dishes from pineapple» .

- Conducting a survey with children:

1. What is a pineapple? Is it grass, bush or tree?

2. Do you know about the benefits of this fruit?

2. Practical stage

Organization of experimental - experimental activities.

1. Sprouting the roots of the grassy part of the fruit a pineapple.

2. Examination of the roots of the grassy part pineapple with a magnifying glass, fixing morphological changes.

3. Landing plants in soil and soil.

Study and implementation of care exotic plant.

Gathering information from various sources about caring for pineapple.

Conversations "How to take care of pineapple?» , "Where plants grow and how to take care of them, "What they love plants?» , "What way growing plants the lightest and most affordable?

Organization of the creation of an album with children about pineapple.

- Reading fiction: Farmer's Calendar, V. Bianchi.

Farmer's Calendar, N. Pavlova.

- Speech development:

Proverbs and sayings about plants.

Poems about pineapple.

Riddles about a pineapple.

Fruit riddles.

- Game activity:

Didactic games: "What is it?", "Learn by description", "Where what grows» , "Find and Name".

Outdoor ball games "Catch - throw, immediately answer", "I was born a gardener...".

Artistic - productive activity:

Painting « A pineapple» .

Painting « Exotic fruits» .

Application « A pineapple» .

modeling "Amazing nearby".

Health saving activity.

Conversation: "Benefit pineapple» .

- Joint and independent activities of children:

Examination of pictures, illustrations, photographs with an image exotic fruits

Painting plants by design.

- Working with parents:

Consultation for parents and teachers "How grow pineapple at home»

Brochure "History of culture pineapple»

3. Final stage

Co-designing a presentation Growing exotic plants, on the Ananas comosus example, on the territory of MDOU "Kindergarten No. 192".

Acquaintance with the experimental - experimental activities of children through the presentation.

Conclusion:

During our research work, we:

1. Learned what it is a pineapple;

2. We got acquainted with the biological description of this plants;

3. Learned the history of cultivation pineapple;

4. Learned about the beneficial properties pineapple for man;

5. Familiarize yourself with the use pineapple in cooking how to eat it properly. We tried the fruit

6. Studied germination and sowing of a pineapple plant.

7. Planted a pineapple.

8. Learned all about caring for it exotic plant.

9. Recorded the growth process and morphological changes in the herbaceous plants pineapple.

10. Studied the conditions growing pineapple indoors.

11. Monitored growth and development pineapple.

12. Children have developed such skills as observation and work with material, the ability apply their knowledge in practice.

Thus, the hypothesis posed at the beginning of the work has been fully proved.

Pineapple is not just an exotic plant, growing in various countries of the world, but also material widely applicable man in life, cooking, cosmetology and decorative culture ( plant growing in favorable home conditions). We proved that, from the grassy part pineapple you can grow a plant in a preschool.

Bibliography:

1.Book: Field practice in botany; The authors: M. M. Starostenkova, M. A. Gulenkova, L. M. Shafranova, N. I. Shorina Publishing House: Moscow, "Higher school» ;The year of publishing: 1990

3. Modern botany - In 2 volumes - Volume 1.

Raven P., Evert R., Eichhorn S. 1990

4. Bondarenko T. M. Ecological classes for older children preschool age. - Voronezh, 2004

5. Shipunova T. Ya. Ecological education of children preschool age. - Novosibirsk, 1994

6. S. N. Nikolaeva "Young ecologist" program. M., 2010

7. S. N. Nikolaeva "Methodology of ecological education preschoolers» M., 1999

8. M. M. Markovskaya "Corner of nature in kindergarten", M., 1989

9. E. A. Rumyantseva « Projects in preschool educational institution: the practice of teaching children 3-7 years old ", Volgograd, 2013

10. http://indoorplants.com.ua/ ananas/vyrashchivaem-ananas-doma/

11. http://sovets.net/2030-kak-vyrastit-doma -ananas.html

Bragina Yu.Yu. (Usolye-Sibirskoye, GOKU "Sanatorium Boarding School No. 4")

1. Bagrova L.A. I know the world. Plants. Children's encyclopedia. - M.: Publishing house AST, 2002. 510 p.

2. Bernie D. Trees. Facts, findings, discoveries. – M.: Makhon Publishing House, 2010. 64 p.

3. Tree life. – M.: Makhon Publishing House, 2014. – 32 p.

4. Cutler K., Russell T. Trees of the world. Illustrated encyclopedia. – M.: Eksmo Publishing House, 2014. – 256 p.

5. Kovalchuk V.P. Collection of methods for the study of soils and plants. - Kyiv: Publishing house Trud-GriPol-XXIvik, 2010. - 252 p.

6. Mettle R. Big book about forests and trees. - M.: Publishing house Klever Media Group, 2014. - 56 p.

7. Neumyvalkin I.P. Aloe. Myths and reality. – M.: Publishing House of Dilya, 2008. – 128 p.

8. Pansyu M., Goteru J. Handbook. Soil analysis. - St. Petersburg: Publishing House of the COP "Professiya", 2014. - 800 p.

9. Purcell L. Trees: beauty and harmony. Photo album. – M.: Hummingbird Publishing House, 2013. – 544 p.

10. Ride J., Ride M. Trees heal. All about the healing power of trees. - M .: Publishing House "My World", 2006. - 144 p.

11. Fomin G.S., Fomin A.G. The soil. Quality control and environmental safety according to international standards. - M: Publishing House Protector, 2001. - 305 p.

12. Hession D. All about indoor plants. - M .: Publishing house Kladez-Buks, 2004. - 258 p.

13. Hession D.G. All about ornamental trees and shrubs. - M .: Publishing house Kladez-Buks, 2007. - 128 p.

14. Chamovits D. Secret knowledge of plants. What flowers and trees see, hear and understand. – M.: Tsentrpoligraf Publishing House, 2015. – 224 p.

On our planet, there is a huge variety of trees that amaze people with their amazing forms, fruits, and amazing beauty. We are all used to how the trees around us look like in everyday life, so if we see something that does not look like them, at first we cannot even believe that such unusual trees exist. In the modern world, many exotic trees are grown indoors. It's wonderful when a piece of the beauty of our planet is in your house on the windowsill. And it's just a miracle when you have your own decorative mini tree plantation.

Many exotic trees that are not typical for our Siberian climate can be grown at home. You experience a feeling of delight when a planted plant suddenly appears from the soil, and a fragile sprout gradually turns into a tree. This is your "Wonder Tree"!

Purpose of the study- monitoring the growth of exotic trees indoors and outdoors, studying the method of seed germination and plant growth with Aloe vera juice, creating a biofertilizer based on natural components.

Were supplied tasks:

1. Study the literature on the variety of exotic trees.

2. Pick up and plant tree seeds.

3. Care for plants indoors for 2 years.

4. Watch the growth of trees in the open field in summer.

5. Learn methods of germination and growth of plants with Aloe vera juice.

6. Make a fertilizer based on natural ingredients.

The relevance of the study is related to the study of the germination and growth of ornamental exotic trees in indoor conditions, the improvement of their growth characteristics based on the use of Aloe vera juice and empirically produced biofertilizer.

The novelty of the chosen topic. For the first time, guided by generally accepted methods, the author of the work independently made a liquid biofertilizer from natural components at home, the composition of which has no analogues. Experiments were carried out using fertilizer on indoor trees, practical results were obtained and conclusions were drawn.

The proposed hypothesis. Is it possible to grow a "Miracle Tree" with your own hands at room conditions? How to do it competently from a scientific and practical point of view?

The objects of the study were exotic trees that were independently grown by the author of the work.

Research methods:

1. Natural.

1.1. Observation of the germination of plants from seeds.

1.2. The study of tree growth in room conditions and open ground.

The research consisted in determining a number of plant parameters:

a) the external characteristics of trees in the summer and winter periods of the year: plant growth rate, survival rate during transplantation, flowering;

b) the number of germinated seeds and the length of the first leaf using Aloe vera juice;

c) seed germination and external characteristics of grown trees after the application of biofertilizer.

2. Experimental.

2.1. The method of seed germination according to the international standard ISO 11269-1 and the use of the computer program CorelDRAW.

2.2. Preparation of a solution from natural ingredients (biohumus, vermiculite, birch ash, Aloe vera juice).

2.3. Determination of the acidity of the medium using universal indicator paper.

Practical significance. Research expands the understanding of growing exotic trees. The recommendations proposed in the work allow you to competently approach the germination of seeds and grow healthy, strong plants in the future. Liquid biofertilizer, first produced by the author of the work, can be recommended for practical purposes.

How to grow a "Wonder Tree" from an "ordinary bone"

Work started in October 2014. The idea of ​​its creation appeared after reading a poem by K.I. Chukovsky "Wonder Tree". According to literary sources, the diversity of the planet's trees was studied and the first report was compiled. Trees are known to be the lungs of our planet. Without trees, man would not be able to exist on earth. There are many trees on our planet. According to famous biologists, there are more than one hundred thousand varieties of trees. Their diversity is amazing, and the beauty and splendor is mesmerizing. Scientists have long proven that trees have a beneficial effect on the human body. While walking through the forest, you get a charge of vivacity and a great mood.

There are magical and wonderful places on our planet where dairy, bread, sausage, cheese, candy, strawberry, chocolate, grape and melon trees grow. What are the most unusual and amazing trees in the world? According to the literature, species of trees were selected, the seeds of which can be grown in room conditions.

The stores sell lemon, orange, tangerine trees with fruits and it is hard to believe that the same plant can grow in your home. Growing a lemon, orange, pomegranate from a seed is much more interesting than buying ready-made plants. The main thing, we must always remember that it is not difficult at all and quite accessible to everyone. Shop-bought fruit seeds are interesting because you never know what will grow out of them. Seedlings almost always do not retain the varietal characteristics of their parents. If everything is done correctly, the plants will be healthy, strong and initially adapted specifically to your home conditions. Over time, you realize that this is a rewarding job - for patient, caring and responsible "testers". Eat fruit, plant seeds and wait for sprouts - this is the beginning of your miracle.

Selection of tree seeds, their sowing and the appearance of the first shoots

At the second stage of the work, the question was raised: “Is it possible to grow a Miracle Tree at home?”. To achieve this goal, seeds of indoor trees were planted, which were bought in a flower shop: Dwarf Pomegranate, Orpheus Nightshade, Red-leaved Hibiscus, several types of ornamental palms. These plants were chosen because they are not very whimsical for indoor conditions. In addition, fresh seeds of Pomegranate and Orange were taken to test the recommendations for growing trees from the "ordinary stone". Seeds of Pomegranate and Orange were planted in large quantities in order to conduct further experiments, as well as to create a useful vitamin herbal tea from the leaves of these plants.

Experience has shown that the seeds are capable of fairly good germination: Red-leaved Hibiscus sprouted after 7 days, Dwarf Pomegranate - after 12 days, Orpheus Nightshade - after 25 days (Fig. 1). However, several types of palms did not sprout and showed a negative result. The best seedlings were obtained from fresh seeds. Fresh seeds of Pomegranate and Orange sprouted very amicably - in 12-15 days and developed well (Fig. 2). Within 9 months, observations were made on the growth rate of trees in room conditions. In mid-June 2015, the plants were transplanted into open ground, where observations continued.

Hibiscus (after 7 days) Pomegranate (after 12 days)

Orange (after 15 days) Nightshade (after 25 days)

Rice. 1. Plant shoots

Rice. 2. Friendly growth of plants from fresh seeds on the windowsill

Observation of plant growth in the open field

The experiment continued in the summer period in natural conditions. All observations were carried out at the dacha (Usolsky district). The grown plants of Pomegranate, Orange and Nightshade were planted in open ground, without any additional shelter. For plants, the following indicators were studied: survival rate in open ground, growth (growth rate), flowering. All plants showed different results (Table 1). The best performance was noted for Nightshade. This plant took root very easily, grew well and gave abundant flowering. In second place was Orange, which had a slightly worse flowering compared to Nightshade. The pomegranate showed poor establishment (after transplanting plants had to create more shaded conditions), no flowering, but fairly good growth in height. At the end of summer, the height of the plants was measured and the total growth was estimated (Table 1). The best results were shown by Nightshade and Orange. During the summer, Nightshade not only bloomed very well, but by the end of August - beginning of September, the plants were "hung" with beautiful orange-red berries.

Table 1

Growth parameters of ornamental trees in the summer in open ground

For the autumn-winter period, several plants of each species were transplanted into room conditions, where the study of their growth characteristics continued (Fig. 3), from the remaining plants of Pomegranate, Orange and Nightshade, leaves were collected for herbal tea.

Nightshade Orange

Rice. 3. Type of trees before transplanting into open ground (a) and after (b)

Seed germination method with Aloe vera juice

Given the fact that the seeds of several types of palm trees could not germinate, we decided to conduct an experiment on seed germination with a natural biostimulant, which was Aloe vera juice. The seed germination method was carried out according to the international standard ISO 11269-1. According to the methodology and application of the international standard, wheat seeds were selected. In order for the experiment to be performed correctly, wheat seeds were taken tested, with good germination (variety "Irkutsk winter"). The action of Aloe juice, as a growth biostimulant, was experimentally tested on seed germination, growth and development of the tested ornamental trees. Not everyone knows that Aloe is a good growth biostimulant for other plants, which is due to its beneficial vitamin composition.

The experiment took place in several stages. Its implementation was carried out independently by the author of the work at home (Fig. 4).

Rice. 4. Stages of the experiment on the germination of seeds with Aloe vera juice (international standard ISO 11269-1)

Consultations regarding seed germination were held with employees of the Small School Academy on the basis of SIFIBR SB RAS, Irkutsk.

Experiment progress

1. Varietal wheat seeds were washed in purified water and 25 seeds were placed in plastic cups with lids (6 seeds).

2. 10 ml of water was added to each cup. Then only 3 cups were isolated and 3 drops of fresh Aloe vera juice were added to them. Thus, it turned out that the experiment was carried out in triplicate.

3. The experiment showed that seeds germinate much better with Aloe vera juice (23-24 seeds out of 25), without juice - worse (21-22 seeds out of 25). After 24 hours, the germinated seeds were transferred to special Petri dishes, where the experiment continued. 5 ml of water were added to the cups. Seeds that were originally treated with Aloe vera juice were in separate labeled cups.

4. On the 3rd day of the experiment, the seeds had good roots and the first leaf began to emerge. It was necessary to transfer the germinated seeds into special, higher cups for their further growth.

5. On the 5th day of the experiment, measurements of the first leaf of plants were carried out in a computer program (Fig. 5). To do this, the seedlings were removed from the cups and then they were scanned while maintaining the size of the resulting image. The resulting pictures were transferred to the CorelDRAW graphics program, where the length of the first sheet in mm was measured using a special ruler. The experiment showed that with Aloe vera juice, the length of the first leaf is 1.6 times longer (Table 2). Thus, during the experiment, it was proved that Aloe vera juice really improves seed germination and plant growth.

table 2

Values ​​for measuring the length of the first sheet

Rice. 5. Measuring the length of the first sheet in the computer program CorelDRAW

Experiment to create a liquid biofertilizer based on natural components

The experiments continued, a liquid biofertilizer based on natural components was made. The composition of the fertilizer included: biohumus - a source of organic matter; vermiculite - a source of minerals; birch ash - a source of plant nutrients; Aloe vera juice is a source of vitamins. The composition of the fertilizer has no analogues. When creating it, we were guided by the advice of the employees of the Small School Academy and by reading special literature on caring for indoor plants. The experiment was carried out independently by the author of the work (Fig. 6).

Rice. 6. Stages of the experiment on the creation of liquid biofertilizer based on natural components

Experiment progress

1. On special scales, the following were weighed into separate cups: vermicompost - 20 g; vermiculite - 10 gr; birch ash - 1 gr. The work was carried out in duplicate. The components were poured through a funnel into flasks and filled up to the mark (200 ml) with purified water. Guided by the method of preparation of soil extracts.

2. The solutions stood for 24 hours, after which they were mixed and filtered. 20 drops of Aloe vera juice were added to each flask.

3. The acidity of the medium was measured in solutions. It turned out that the results correspond to pH 7, which characterizes the liquid fertilizer medium as the most favorable for the growth and development of plants.

In the practical application of this fertilizer, we found that the seeds of Orange, watered with biofertilizer when planting, sprout much faster and more amicably (Fig. 7). However, before application, the fertilizer must be diluted. The following dilution showed good results: 1 part fertilizer + 5 parts water. It was also noted that spraying plants with liquid biofertilizer (Fig. 8) increases their growth rate and increases the aesthetics of their appearance, plant leaves become greener and glossier.

Rice. 7. Planting seeds (a) and seedlings of plants using biofertilizer (b) and without (c)

Rice. 8. Results of treatment of Orange plants with biofertilizer

Conclusion

Studies have shown that even exotic trees can be grown indoors. It was found that growing exotic trees from stones is a difficult task, although very useful, not everyone dares to do this. First, you need almost limitless patience, and secondly, you need to make an effort, because seeds and sprouts will need your constant attention. But the result will certainly exceed expectations.

In the course of the experimental part of the work, the following conclusions were obtained:

1. Trees must be transplanted into open ground in summer. Under natural conditions, plants have good growth, they bloom profusely, fruits appear, and in the future they better tolerate the winter period.

2. Aloe vera juice is a very good bio-stimulant for seed germination, and plants grown with the juice are healthier, stronger, and have better aesthetic characteristics.

3. Biofertilizer, prepared independently on the basis of a complex of natural ingredients (biohumus, vermiculite, birch ash) and Aloe vera juice, showed good practical results.

4. Exotic trees from fresh seeds (for example, Orange, Pomegranate, Nightshade), grown both indoors and outdoors, can be used for herbal tea, plant leaves contain a complex of vitamins and have beneficial properties.

Thus, if you wish and diligence, you can always grow an exotic tree on your windowsill. With proper care of the plant, you can get an excellent result. In an ordinary apartment, you will have your own “Wonder Tree”. After all, growing plants is a combination of beauty, kindness and benefit. All you need is a little magic in your heart!

Bibliographic link

Growing exotic plants in our latitudes is an interesting and rewarding activity. Most indoor plants - natives of the equatorial latitudes feel great on the southern windowsills of the northern countries, bloom and bear fruit. The main thing is to provide them with proper and regular care, a lot of light, heat and moisture, as in their native climate, and then you can recreate a small tropical garden in your home.

My work has confirmed that tropical plants can be grown at home. I managed to grow tropical plants at home. The results of my work can find practical application: grown flowering plants can be used for classroom gardening, school recreation or donated to friends and relatives.

Download:

Preview:

Municipal budgetary educational institution

"Secondary school No. 6"

Research

Growing tropical plants at home

Completed by: Tkachenko Alexandra

Grade 9

Head: Nemirovich Natalia Nikolaevna

biology teacher

Sergiev Posad

2018

1. Introduction

2. Main body

2.1. Avocado

2.1.1. Biology of avocado

2.1.2 Useful properties of avocado

2.2 Mango

2.2.1. biology mango

2.2.2. Mango fruit. Benefit.

2.2.3. Mango fruit. Harm.

2.2.4. How to eat mango fruit?

2.3. pomelo

2.3.1. Biology pomelo

3. Practical part

3.1. Growing avocados

3.2. Mango cultivation

3.3. Growing pomelo

Conclusion

Literature

Introduction

A rare apartment does without greenery, but not many people decide to take on the cultivation of tropical plants at home. Unpretentious bushes are usually settled on the windowsills, which can be watered from time to time and only occasionally fertilized.Indoor plants look wonderful in the interior of houses and apartments, have a positive effect on well-being, refresh the atmosphere, please the eye and soothe. In a flower shop, of course, the heart stops in front of shelves with lush foliage, beautiful flowers and outlandish names, but everyone understands with their minds that these are museum exhibits, nothing more, and such miracles in an apartment are simply not able to grow, because they come from the tropics.But sometimes you want something original, unusual, rare, something that could surprise guests and be proud of. This is about exotic plants that can be grown indoors. Avocado, pomelo, pomegranate, pineapple, bonsai, cypress, jasmine and many other wonderful plants can decorate your home. In my work, I will tell you how I grew tropical plants in room conditions.

Purpose of work: Creating a favorable climate in the rooms for tropical plants.

Tasks:

• Learn to recognize indoor plants and care for them;
• Develop aesthetic perception in interior design;
• Improve artistic taste.
• To develop cognitive interest in students by introducing them to search and design creative work.

Expected results:

• Be able to identify indoor plants;
• Be able to grow tropical plants from seeds;
• Know how to care for indoor plants;
• Be able to perform planting techniques, take care of plants;

2. Main body

2.1. Avocado

2.1.1. Biology of avocado

The history of the use of avocados dates back at least 7 thousand years, but they began to actively cultivate it in the middle of the 18th century, however, the fruit quickly spread around the planet. Avocado came to Russia at the beginning of the 20th century, and nowadays it is bred in 50 countries of the world.

Avocados can be pear-shaped, oval or spherical, up to 10 cm long and weighing up to 1.5 kg. In total, more than 200 varieties of this fruit grow in the world, only a few species are sold in Russia. Most of us folks don't even think about it. But the type of avocado depends on its fat content, texture and taste.

Avocado ("alligator pear") - a species of evergreen fruit plants from the genus Perseus of the Laurel family. The shape of an avocado can be ovoid, more often pear-shaped. A ripe avocado has a green or dark green color, tender oily pulp and a stone inside. Avocados ripen after harvest. Unripe avocado fruits are delivered for export and to stores, which ripen during the period of transportation and sale of the fruit.

Avocados are native to central Mexico. Avocados are now grown in many tropical and Mediterranean countries due to their commercial viability.

The taste of an unripe avocado is reminiscent of that of a pumpkin or an unripe pear, the flesh is firm and the skin is hard. But a ripe avocado has a delicate pulp with a taste of mashed greens and butter with a subtle nutty aftertaste, and when pressed, a hollow remains on the peel.

A ripe avocado, or rather its flesh is subject to enzymatic browning, it turns brown rather quickly as a result of contact with air. To prevent this, after peeling the avocado, sprinkle the flesh with lemon juice.

This exotic fruit has a rich composition, including vitamins and minerals.

2.1.2. Useful properties of avocado.

Avocado has many health benefits. First of all, avocados are valued for their ability to suppress and destroy cancer cells without harming healthy cells. Thus, avocados can prevent breast cancer in women and prostate cancer in men.

Avocados contain more carotenoids, lutein, than any other fruit we eat. Lutein protects against molecular degeneration and cataracts, which are age-related eye diseases.

Avocados are high in beta-sitosterol, a compound that helps lower blood cholesterol levels. In support of this, a study was conducted in which 45 volunteers participated, who had to eat one avocado after a meal for a week. As a result of the study, excellent results were achieved, cholesterol levels decreased by an average of 17%, and this was only in one week.

One cup of mashed avocado pulp contains 23% of the recommended daily intake of folic acid, and regular consumption of it, in turn, significantly reduces the risk of a stroke attack and the development of other cardiovascular diseases.

Regular consumption of avocado strengthens the immune system, relieves fatigue and irritability. Avocado has a tonic effect, increasing physical endurance and activity, resistance to stress.

The benefits of avocados bring to our health a lot, but the harm that it can have is rather small. Avocado can cause harm to health only in case of individual intolerance. And yet, you should not try “on the tooth” the stone and leaves of avocados, as they contain toxic substances that can cause allergies or digestive problems.

Today, avocados are used in many salads and sauces. This fruit is loved all over the world. But few people know about its beneficial properties, which, by the way, are not few!

Avocado is rich in nutrients and at the same time very high in calories. It contains 245 calories per 100 grams of product. However, it does not contain harmful fats and sugar, so it is actively included in the diet.

The composition of avocados includes components that prevent the formation of cholesterol in the blood and break down the already accumulated. So for those who like to eat a sandwich with tea for breakfast, I advise you to replace the butter and cheese with the pulp of a ripe avocado with olive oil and a little salt.

Avocados hold the record for vitamin E content, so in winter, when the skin is a little dry and the lips are chapped, avocados are especially useful!

Believe it or not, avocado contributes to the anti-aging protection of cells and stimulates their oxygen enrichment. It includes natural hormones and other biologically active substances that have a rejuvenating effect on the human body.

The beneficial properties of avocados have also been used by manufacturers of cosmetics. Avocado is an excellent source of glutathione, an important antioxidant that plays an important role in preventing aging, which is why avocado extract is included in the anti-aging cream. It is also used in moisturizing and cleansing creams for the skin, as well as sunscreens, lipsticks, bath oils, conditioners andvitamin hair mask .

Avocado oil has the highest level of penetration into the skin and has an excellent emollient and soothing effect on it.

2.2 Mango

2.2.1. Biology of mango.

The mango (Indian mango tree) is an evergreen tree originally native to India, where, as in Pakistan, it is now considered the national plant. Under natural growing conditions, depending on age and variety, its height can reach from ten to forty-five meters, and the crown diameter is from five to twenty. Delicious mango fruits are called "fruits of the gods".

The fruit of the mango tree has an oblong and rounded shape, slightly compressed from the sides. The shiny skin of the fruit is quite smooth and dense to the touch. If the fruit is not ripe, then the peel of the fruit is green.

To date, a huge number of varieties of mangoes are known, the fruits of which have a different weight and color of a dense, smooth skin. The average weight of a fruit ranges from two hundred grams to one kilogram. The color can be white, greenish yellow, bright green, yellowish orange, red, black.

Depending on the variety, the shape of the fruit may be ovoid or spherical. They have juicy, fibrous flesh that is yellow or orange in color. When ripe, it has a sweet taste with a slight sourness. The aroma of fruits varies, it can resemble peach, apricot, rose, melon, pineapple, lemon. When cutting the fruit, inside it is impossible not to notice a large bone, which has a flat shape and a fleecy surface. The size of the seed (pit) is also quite impressive. In length, it can be from five to ten centimeters, and in weight up to fifty grams.

Mango is an exotic fruit for the northern latitudes, and therefore few residents of temperate climates know about the benefits of the fruit itself, how to use it correctly and what to be afraid of. Mangoes are grown in Southeast Asia, and India is the undisputed leader in this matter. It is in this country that about 70% of plantations of various crops that are purposefully grown by man are mango trees. It is difficult to say what happened in the beginning: at first, mango became a symbol of India and its national fruit, and therefore it is grown so much or vice versa, at first they began to grow it, and only then it became a symbol of India. Of course, one thing - it was India that became the birthplace of mango trees, the fruits of which in this country can be found in any grocery store, not to mention supermarkets.

There are many types of mangoes. According to some sources, there are about 400 of them. So, they are trying to mythologize the fruit itself to an even greater extent, giving it a direct relationship to something Indian. It is believed that there are exactly as many varieties of mango fruits as there are dialects in India itself.

Experts count from 800 to 1500 varieties of this fruit. But it should be noted that no more than fifty, or rather, 35 fruits of this wonderful fruit are suitable for consumption. A few centuries before our era, itinerant Buddhist monks introduced the inhabitants and merchants of East Asia to mangoes, and the Persians exported this fruit to East Africa.

Thus, mango has been known for more than 2.5 millennia, but, as we see, interest in it has not decreased over time, and in India itself it is used by both aristocrats and the poor. And so we should take a closer look at it.

2.2.2. Mango fruit. Benefit.

There is no doubt that the fruit itself is very beneficial for health. Otherwise, it would not have been used with such persistence for more than 2.5 millennia, and the Americans would not have tried to bring it out more than 100 years ago in their latitudes.

Hundreds of peoples and thousands of generations cannot be wrong, which means that it makes sense to consider in more detail what all these people found in it so valuable, to whose wisdom we sometimes so often appeal.

The ancients noticed a long time ago that the use of the fruits of the mango tree prolongs life and warns the body against many diseases. Leaving for distant northwestern countries, traders stayed on the road for a long time, and noted a decline in strength and shaky health, which were observed due to the absence of these fruits in the daily diet.

Later, scientists found that mango has a whole complex of useful substances and vitamins, its use has a preventive effect on a person, preventing the most serious diseases.

Regular consumption of mango leads to the fact that the blood vessels are strengthened, cholesterol is removed from the blood, and the heart muscle is strengthened, and its work is greatly improved.

The substances that this fruit contains also perform a hematopoietic function. It is these properties of the fruit that make it possible to avoid cardiovascular diseases, which today affect 15-17% of the inhabitants of countries in the post-Soviet space.

A comprehensive study by American and Australian scientists of the beneficial properties of mango showed that daily consumption of this fruit relieves atherosclerosis, leads to normal blood sugar levels, which helps prevent the onset of a disease such as diabetes. In addition, the substances of this fruit reduce allergic and inflammatory processes in the body, improve brain function.

The huge content of vitamin A in mango has a stimulating effect on improving human visual functions, eliminates dryness of the cornea, helps to cope with diseases such as night blindness, and prevents cataracts and other eye diseases.

In addition to vitamin A, the fruit contains vitamins such as C, D and, of course, B vitamins. In addition to vitamins, mango contains phosphorus, iron and calcium. According to the composition of mineral substances, it is similar to an apple, and therefore has all the same consequences as when eating apples.

An English proverb says that by eating an apple a day, you save on doctors. This is fully true in relation to mango, the use of which strengthens the immune system, protects against acute respiratory infections, infections and colds.

2.2.3. Mango fruit. Harm.

Excess is always bad. Everywhere and in everything. This fully applies to the use of the fruits of the mango tree. If you lean heavily on the use of these fruits, then the first thing that can be felt very quickly is an upset bowel.

Eating more than 2 fruits a day, you can feel a stabbing pain in the abdomen, as well as irritation of the throat mucosa. Further, an allergic reaction to the fruit itself may follow.

A rash may well occur throughout the body, which clearly indicates an excessive ingestion of mangoes into the body. Despite the fact that, unlike many exotic fruits, mango does not require any adaptation period, nevertheless, it is worth remembering that it was brought from afar, which means that there are some restrictions in its use.

You can not use mango and those people who suffer from diabetes. The fact is that the fruit contains a lot of sugars, such as glucose, sucrose, fructose, maltose, xylose and others. This means that despite all the preventive effect of eating the fruit of the mango tree, diabetics will have to refuse it.

2.2.4. How to eat mango fruit?

Every time you encounter a new type of food, you involuntarily wonder what to do with it. Mango is no exception. Faced for the first time with this fruit, they try to peel it, which, as described above, is not suitable for consumption, and eat it like an apple.

There are no contraindications to such use. The only disadvantage of such use is the huge risk that all hands will be in mango juice up to the elbow, and it will definitely fall on clothes. And this juice is displayed very badly, and you run the risk of parting with spoiled clothes forever. And if the process of eating mango takes place somewhere at a party, then you risk ruining the evening for yourself and your hosts.

To avoid such embarrassment, it is necessary to eat mangoes in more accurate ways. To do this, an incision is made along the entire length of the fruit on both sides, thus cutting off all the pulp from the fruit bone.

In the hands will be two halves of the fruit, which can be turned out with the pulp out, cutting it into small squares on the peel, which are very convenient to eat without risking getting dirty.

2.3. pomelo

2.3.1. Biology pomelo

The first mention of the use of pomelo dates back to 100 BC. The records are preserved in Chinese manuscripts. The homeland of the pomelo is considered to be Malaysia, the southeastern part of Asia, the islands of Fiji and Tongo. Pomelo is considered a symbol of well-being and prosperity, so in China this fruit is usually given on the eve of the Chinese New Year. For offerings to the gods and rituals, the fruit is used in Thailand. The pomelo was brought to European countries by a British navigator in the 14th century. To date, pomelo is cultivated on an export scale in China, Japan, Vietnam, Taiwan, Thailand, Indonesia, India, Israel and Tahiti.

Pomelo ) are the citrus fruits of the evergreen tree of the same name. Pomelo is a relative of tangerines, oranges and grapefruit. By the way, this is not a variety of grapefruit, but an independent species. In size, it is much larger than the citrus fruits known to us. The taste is also slightly different. The birthplace of pomelo or pomeplius is the south of China and the equatorial islands of the Pacific Ocean. In particular, it is quite common in the Cook Islands. In the 15th century, pomeplius came to Europe, spread to Barbados, to the islands of the Caribbean. Now quietly growing in Taiwan, southern Japan, Vietnam, Indonesia, Tahiti, California, and even Israel. Since this fruit was brought to Europe by the English navigator Sheddock, in some places the name after his name was assigned to it, it is called that - sheddog. At home in China, this fruit is especially popular. The Chinese consider this fruit a kind of symbol of prosperity and give it for the New Year, so that prosperity and good luck come to the house. Maybe that's why the Chinese kept these fruits a secret from strangers for so long. Pomelo trees are quite tall, sometimes reaching a height of 8-10 meters. The branches have large glossy leaves and many internal spines, some varieties without spines. Pamela blooms with large white flowers, the fruits grow either singly or in 6-8 pieces in close proximity to each other. The fruits are large, ranging in size from two to three kilograms, sometimes up to 10 kg are found. The peel is dense yellow-green. Under the peel are large slices and large seeds. The aroma is quite pleasant, like all citrus fruits. Pamela, although outwardly reminiscent of a grapefruit or an orange, is much larger in size, and the taste is also not at all the same, less sweet with a slight pleasant bitterness. The peel of the fruit is quite thick, and the slices are large, separated by hard white partitions, bitter in taste. The color of a ripe pomelo can vary from light green to yellow-pink. The pink color usually acquires only one side, which during ripening was turned to the sun. The fruit is the champion among citrus fruits. Its diameter can be 30 cm, and its weight can reach 10 kg. The taste of pomelo is very close tograpefruit , however, the flesh is not as juicy and, when peeled, the inner membranes are more easily separated from the edible part.

2.3.2. Useful and healing properties.

Pomelo contains a wide range of vitamins (, , IN 1 , IN 2 , B5), minerals ( calcium , potassium , iron , phosphorus , sodium ), fiber, essential oils and organic acids. Nutritionists consider this product to be useful and recommend its use while following a diet. This is due to the ability of pomelo to accelerate metabolic processes, which in turn leads to the burning of body fat and weight loss.

The high content of vitamin C in pomelo increases the body's resistance, helps fight viruses and bacteria, especially in the autumn-spring period. It is also used to reduce pressure, prevent the formation of blood clots in the vessels and tumors of various etymologies.

This fruit is very juicy, perfectly quenches thirst and hunger. Very rich in essential oils, antioxidants and ascorbic acid. At home, pomelo is widely used in the treatment of colds. Pamela juice is rich in flavonoids, which reduce the action of free radicals that cause aging of cells, and also has antiseptic properties and the ability to strengthen the immune system. Seed extract is successfully used in the treatment of infectious diseases of the skin and mucous membranes, in the treatment of eczema, fungal infections, psoriasis. The pulp of the fruit has a beneficial effect on the digestive system, it absorbs toxins, improves the breakdown of protein and fats, cleanses the liver, pancreas and intestines. In fact, pomelo is a natural antibiotic. It is successfully used for the prevention of the body with low hemoglobin, with atherosclerosis, with high blood sugar, with hypertensive heart disease. Pomelo improves vision at night. The use of pamela in nutrition increases hemoglobin. Local healers use pamela to prevent the development of cancerous tumors. To do this, use the peel, which contains a large amount of bioflavonoids that can stop the development of cancer cells. It is especially effective for the treatment of breast cancer in women. What it looks like from a scientific point of view is not yet known, but there are very, very many positive examples.

1. Practical part

Growing tropical plants at home is easy. Everyone can do it, even those who have no experience in gardening. It is necessary to choose a plant and follow the method of growing it. Well, I chose avocados and mangoes, watched them, watered them, measured them. Now I have wonderful plants on my windowsill that continue to grow and delight me every day. Now I will tell you how to plant and care for them.

3.1. Growing avocados

3.1.1. Experience Description

1. Pull out the bone. Carefully cut the avocado so as not to damage the stone located in the center of the fruit. Make an incision 1.2 cm deep around the fruit, then unscrew the two halves in different directions. Carefully remove the bone and set aside.

2.Clean the bone. Rinse the stone carefully in warm water, removing any remaining pulp with your hands. Do not use soap, and try not to damage the brown shell, otherwise the stone may deteriorate and not germinate.

3. Insert the toothpicks into the bone. Holding the pit with the pointed end up, insert four toothpicks into the middle of the pit, about 5mm deep, evenly spaced. Thus, the bone can be half immersed in water in a glass, without complete immersion.

4.Fill a glass or other container with water. Pour water up to the brim into a small narrow container (preferably glass). The stone should fit in this container without problems, but if the container is too wide, the toothpicks will not reach the edges and the stone will fall into the water.

5. Place the bone with inserted toothpicks on the edges of the container. The toothpicks should rest on the edge of the container, leaving the bone half submerged in the water. Make sure the sharp end of the pit is pointing up and the blunt end is in the water, otherwise the pit will not sprout.

6.Wait for germination. Place the container of avocados in a secluded area near a window or other well-lit area. Over time, roots and sprouts will appear.

3.1.2. Plant development observation. Avocado.

3.2. Mango cultivation

3.2.1. Experience Description

1. We extract the bone from a ripe fruit. To do this, cut it in half, take out the bone and clean it from the remnants of the pulp.

2. If the fruit is well ripened, perhaps the bone in it has already opened. Otherwise, you will need to open it yourself with a knife. This is done so that the sprout easily and freely penetrates the ground and quickly begins to develop. Remove the seed from the shell carefully so as not to damage it. If the bone is very dense and it is impossible to split it, leave it to ripen. To do this, wrap the bone with a wet napkin and place in a warm place. Do not forget to periodically add water so that the napkin always remains moist. It can take up to two weeks for a seed to germinate.

3. Pour drainage from pebbles into the bottom of the pot with a layer of 2 cm. Fill the pot with soil. Dig a hole up to 3 cm deep in the center, pour warm water over it and place the seed in the ground with the sharp end down so that a quarter of it remains above the ground. This part does not need to be covered. If you correctly position the seed, then its root will be at the bottom, and ¼ of its part on the surface. Now carefully water the planting.

4. We build a mini-greenhouse over the pot. To do this, cut a plastic bottle and put the top with a lid on the pot. Now put the pot in a warm, well-lit place and wait for seedlings. Open the cap on the bottle periodically to allow air to enter. The bottle can be replaced with cling film stretched over the surface of the pot.

5. The first shoots appear after about 3-4 weeks. All this time, do not forget to maintain moderate humidity and provide a consistently high temperature (not lower than 22-25 ° C).

6. Young shoots need light, warmth and moisture. In addition to regular watering, spray the seedling.

7. A grown, strengthened seedling is planted in a more spacious pot filled with fertile soil.

3.2.2. Plant development observation. Mango.

3.3. Growing pomelo.

3.3.1. Experience Description

1. In order to grow a pamela fruit in your home, you first need to acquire seeds. To do this, you should buy fresh fruit in the store. For planting, it is worth choosing only the largest seeds-seeds and leaving them to dry for a while in the air.

2. Then you should take a saucer (or other shallow container) and cover its bottom with a napkin or cotton wool soaked in water. Then you need to put the seeds in a warm place, regularly wetting the napkin.

3. When the seeds of the fruit germinate, it will be necessary to prepare another container for the further cultivation of the crop tree. The bottom of the tank is recommended to be laid with drainage.

4. Pamela grows well at home in a regular soil mixture, which can be purchased at any flower shop. Pomelo seeds are planted in holes about 1.5-2 cm deep. In this case, the roots should be directed down.

Conclusion.

My work has confirmed that tropical plants can be grown at home.I managed to grow tropical plants at home.The results of my work can find practical application: grown flowering plants can be used for classroom gardening, school recreation or donated to friends and relatives.

In conclusion, I want to say that growing exotic plants in our latitudes is an interesting and rewarding activity. Most indoor plants - natives of the equatorial latitudes feel great on the southern windowsills of the northern countries, bloom and bear fruit. The main thing is to provide them with proper and regular care, a lot of light, heat and moisture, as in their native climate, and then you can recreate a small tropical garden in your home.

Literature:

1. Plant care. 300 questions and answers by I. Krupichev, 2004.

2. Avadyaeva E.N. Houseplants, Moscow "Olma-PRESS" 2001
3. Nosov A. Medicinal plants, Moscow, 1999
4. Pleshakov A.A. From earth to sky, Moscow "Enlightenment" 2010
5. Serpukhova V.I. "Indoor plants", M., 1991
6. Stepura A. “Indoor plants. Practical encyclopedia”, Mir knigi publishing house, Moscow, 2004

Internet resources:

Research project "Germination Conditions and the Importance of Seeds". The work was completed by: 6th grade student Khabibulina Irina Supervisor: teacher of biology at MKOU Pobedinsky school Balukova Galina Pavlovna

Growing plants from seeds is a very exciting process. Observing all phases of plant development from seed germination to the appearance of the first flowers or fruits is the magic of nature in action. It takes a lot of time and patience before a full-fledged plant grows. Plant growth usually begins with the germination of the most important reproductive organ, the seed. Only seeds with a living embryo can germinate and give rise to a new plant. Seeds with dead embryos lose their germination.

The relevance of studying the topic lies in the fact that this work will be useful to all those who want to plant and grow plants; made visual aids can be further used in biology lessons. Hypothesis: we assume whether wheat seeds will germinate without water, air, heat. The purpose of the study is to develop the skills of independent research activities on the topic "Germination conditions and the meaning of seeds" and the application of knowledge in practical life situations. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were set: To study the structural features of seeds of dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous plants; Select the object of study; Investigate the condition of seed germination; Note the effect of changing conditions on seed germination; To form the ability to properly sow seeds; Learn to apply the received material in practice (in everyday life); Collect collections of seeds of dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous plants and methods of their distribution; Study the literature on this issue.

The structure of the seed and its role in the life of the plant Consider the structure of the seed of a monocot plant using the example of wheat

Seeds of dicotyledonous plants consider the example of a bean seed

Laboratory work "Studying the structure of seeds of monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants"

Germination is the transition of seeds from a dormant state to the growth of an embryo and the development of a seedling from it. Stages of seed germination

Seed germination conditions Water Air Soil depth Temperature

Practical part Object of research I chose wheat as the object of research. Wheat seeds are easy to study, they are easy to grow, and they produce numerous fruits that can be eaten.

Conditions for seed germination. For the experiment, I took 6 plastic cups, in each I placed an equal amount of wheat seeds. I poured some water into the first glass, left the second dry.

In the third she poured water to the brim, in the fourth she moistened the seeds a little.

I added a little water to the fifth glass and left it warm, and placed the sixth glass in the freezer. I kept watching for a week. Result: experience showed that the seeds germinated in glasses where the seeds were slightly damp (1), where there was an incomplete glass of water (2) and which was warm (5). Conclusions: seeds need water, air, heat to germinate.

Experience. Sowing wheat seeds at different depths. For the experiment, wheat seeds were sown at different depths. The first layer is 10 cm The second layer is 6 cm The third layer is 3 cm.

For 15 days, she monitored the germination of wheat seeds. Results: after 5 days shoots appeared: from a depth of 3 cm, after 8 days 6 cm and after 12 days from a depth of 10 cm. centimeters. Wheat after 20 days of sowing.

Distribution and value of seeds. Seeds of flowering plants play an important role for the plant organism. With the help of seeds, plants reproduce and spread. Collections of seeds dispersed by wind, animals and humans.

The value of seeds. Sunflower seeds are used for human consumption

Sunflower seeds contain fat. If you crush a sunflower seed, a greasy spot will remain on a sheet of white paper. Sunflower oil is obtained from sunflower seeds. Flour is obtained from wheat, and bread, confectionery, noodles, etc. are baked from flour.

Treat for beloved Beam. Compound feed is obtained from wheat and used for animal and bird feed.

Decorative jewelry Beads from persimmon seeds Bracelet from bean seeds and rose hips

Conclusion I have done research on the factors that affect seed germination. Seeds absorb water to restart the physiological processes associated with germination. Germination of seeds is impossible without the presence of air, due to the fact that the seeds breathe. For successful germination, a favorable temperature is necessary, because. if the seeds have enough water and air, but not enough heat, they will not germinate. Of particular importance, when sowing seeds, is the time and depth of seed placement. Plant seeds vary in size and weight. Seed size determines the method and depth of sowing. The larger the seed, the easier it overcomes the mechanical resistance of the soil and will be able to germinate from a greater depth. Seeds with a living embryo are capable of germinating and giving rise to a new plant only. By conducting research on seed germination, I fulfilled all the goals and objectives, expanded my horizons in the field of the structure of seeds and its relationship with the environment, and left visual aids in the biology classroom on the diversity and methods of seed dispersal.

References and Internet resources Binas A.V., Mash R.D. and others. Biological experiment at school. - M.: Education, 1990. Influence of external factors on seed germination. [Electronic resource]. Access mode: http://gorsun.org.ru/lib/children/researcher09/sprouting/01/ Ponomareva I.N., Kornilova O.A., Kuchmenko V.S. Biology: Plants. bacteria. Mushrooms. Lichens: A textbook for students of the 6th grade of educational institutions. - M.: Ventana-Graf, 2016. The amazing world of plants. [Electronic resource]. Access mode: http://www.valleyflora.ru/3.html Seed germination conditions. [Electronic resource]. Access mode: http://beaplanet.ru/vsyo_o_semenah/usloviya_prorastaniya_semyan.html

My grandmother loves to grow indoor plants because they decorate the apartment, cheer up. I help my grandmother plant them, take care of them. Recently, we have become interested in rare plants. Once I learned from a TV program that it is possible to grow an exotic plant from a stone in our region. I wanted to try it myself. I consulted with my grandmother and my teacher, they agreed to help me in this experiment. So experiment and observation, which is an integral part of any experiment, will be the main methods in the course of research work.

Hypothesis my work: suppose that at home, not only lemon, date, but also mango can be grown from seeds.
We decided to buy dates, mango and lemon. When the fruits were eaten with pleasure, fresh seeds and bones remained in the palm of your hand, just extracted from the ripe pulp, which means that they are quite viable and ready for growth. For some reason, it is believed that beautiful plants will grow from them that will take root in the house for many years, and I want to give them this chance.

Target: grow plants from mango, lemon and date seeds.

Tasks:
1. Learn to take care of plants on your own.
2. Learn as much as possible about the planted plants, study the reference literature about them.
3. To develop industriousness, endurance.
4. To form the ability to observe, compare, analyze.
5. To cultivate a responsible attitude and interest in indoor plants as objects of the surrounding world.

The human need for plants is high. In addition to the decorative effect, the leaves of these plants attract toxins, gases, dust. You can grow them at least because they have a phytoncidal effect.

planting
landing conditions. Soil composition.
Expanded clay drainage. Product of CJSC MNPL FART. Firm "Garden of Miracles". Prevents acidification of the soil. Optimizes moisture and air exchange. Eliminates the appearance of mold and mosses on the surface of the soil. Helps plants to endure periods of forced drought. Additive to flower peat soils. The volume of soil in the package is 2 liters. City of St. Petersburg, st. Lensoviet №58.
Nutrient soil "Palma" (fully prepared, neutral). Contains biohumus. Products of CJSC MNPL FART. Firm "Garden of Miracles".
It is especially effective for growing large specimens of ornamental plants: palm trees (date, chamerops and others), ficuses, dracaena. Production city Saint-Petersburg, st. Lensoviet №58.
Fertilizer based on biohumus "Ideal", universal. Origin: liquid fraction of a natural waste product of earthworms. Recommended: for feeding all types of vegetable, fruit, berry, green, flower crops and seedlings, as well as for soaking seeds and rooting cuttings. Manufactured in Moscow.
Remedy for soil pests "Flyeater". It is used to combat soil flies and fungal gnats on indoor plants. Firm "August". City of Troitsk, Moscow region.

Conclusion: The study of recommendations for planting plants and instructions for use, as well as the analysis of the composition of ready-made universal products intended for growing all types of flower crops, is preparatory work before conducting an experiment on growing fruit plants.