Repair: a set of operations to restore the serviceability or operability of an object and restore the resource of a product or its components (clause 3.3. "GOST R 51617-2000. State Standard of the Russian Federation. Housing and communal services. General technical conditions." (currently no longer valid) in connection with the publication of "GOST R 51617-2014).

What is the difference between a major overhaul and a current one?

Definition of the concept of "overhaul" contained in a number of regulations.

Overhaul:

"..."overhaul"- repairs carried out to restore the technical and economic characteristics of the object to values ​​close to the design ones, with the replacement or restoration of any components;..." (extract from the Order of the Gosstroy of the Russian Federation of December 13, 2000 N 285 "On approval of the Standard Instruction for Technical operation of heat networks of public heat supply systems")

"...Overhaul- carrying out a complex of construction works and organizational and technical measures to eliminate physical and moral deterioration, not related to a change in the main technical and economic indicators of the building and its functional purpose, providing for the restoration of its resource with partial replacement, if necessary, of structural elements and systems of engineering equipment, as well as improvement performance indicators..." (extract from Decree of the Government of Moscow dated July 30, 2002 N 586-PP "On Approval of the Regulations on the unified procedure for pre-project and design preparation for the construction of utilities, facilities and road transport facilities in the city of Moscow")

Next types of overhaul highlighted in Decree of the Government of Moscow dated September 29, 2010 N 849-PP (as amended on July 7, 2015) "On approval of the Regulations for the overhaul of real estate objects that are state-owned by the city of Moscow and transferred to trust management." It should be borne in mind that this Regulation does not apply to the overhaul of the housing stock of the city of Moscow, common property in an apartment building). So:

- overhaul- carrying out a complex of construction works and organizational and technical measures to eliminate physical and moral deterioration, not related to a change in the main technical and economic indicators of the building and its functional purpose, providing for the restoration of its resource with partial replacement, if necessary, of structural elements and systems of engineering equipment, as well as operational indicators;

- comprehensive overhaul- covers all elements of the building, provides for the simultaneous restoration of all worn-out structural elements, engineering equipment and an increase in the degree of improvement of the building as a whole, eliminates physical and moral deterioration. Carrying out the next comprehensive overhaul of a building or structure is not advisable in cases where it is planned to demolish or transfer buildings or structures in connection with the forthcoming construction on the site of another building or structure occupied by them, the reconstruction of the building is expected, the dismantling of the building is planned due to general dilapidation. In these cases, work should be carried out to maintain the structures of the building or structure in a condition that ensures their normal operation during the appropriate period (before demolition or reconstruction);

- selective overhaul- covers individual structural elements of the building or its engineering equipment, while eliminating the physical wear and tear of individual elements and technical systems of the building. Selective overhaul is carried out in cases where a comprehensive overhaul of a building can cause serious interference in the operation of the facility, with significant wear of individual structures that threaten the safety of other parts of the building, if it is not economically feasible to carry out a comprehensive overhaul according to the restrictions given in the definition of a comprehensive overhaul;

- emergency overhaul- repair or replacement of all structural elements, devices, systems of engineering equipment that have failed due to accidents, natural disasters, terrorist attacks and vandalism;

Capital repairs of buildings and structures:

"...3.8. For the overhaul of buildings and structures include work on the restoration or replacement of individual parts of buildings (structures) or entire structures, parts and engineering equipment due to their physical wear and tear and destruction to more durable and economical, improving their performance ... "(extract from the Decree of the Gosstroy of Russia dated 03/05/2004 N 15/1 (as amended on 06/16/2014) "On approval and implementation of the Methodology for determining the cost of construction products on the territory of the Russian Federation" (together with "MDS 81-35.2004 ...")

"...Building overhaul- a set of construction and organizational and technical measures to eliminate physical and functional (moral) wear and tear that do not involve changes in the main technical and economic indicators of a building or structure, including, if necessary, the replacement of individual or all structural elements (with the exception of non-replaceable) and engineering systems equipment with their modernization. Overhaul does not extend the service life of buildings, since it is determined by the most durable elements that are not replaced during repairs ... "(extract from the "Methodological recommendations for the formation of the scope of work for the overhaul of apartment buildings, financed from funds provided for by the Federal Law dated July 21, 2007 N 185-FZ "On the Fund for Assistance to the Reform of Housing and Communal Services"

"... For the overhaul of industrial buildings and structures include such works in the course of which the worn-out structures and parts of buildings and structures are replaced or replaced with more durable and economical ones that improve the operational capabilities of the repaired objects, with the exception of a complete change or replacement of the main structures, the service life of which in buildings and structures is the longest ( stone and concrete foundations of buildings and structures, all types of building walls, all types of wall frames, pipes of underground networks, bridge supports, etc.).
For a list of major repairs, see Appendix 8 ". (p. 3.11 Decrees of the USSR Gosstroy of December 29, 1973 N 279 "On approval of the Regulations on the scheduled preventive maintenance of industrial buildings and structures" (together with "MDS 13-14.2000 ...")

Repair of capital construction facilities:

"...14.2) overhaul of capital construction objects (with the exception of linear objects) - replacement and (or) restoration of building structures of capital construction objects or elements of such structures, with the exception of load-bearing building structures, replacement and (or) restoration of engineering and technical systems provision and networks of engineering and technical support for capital construction projects or their elements, as well as the replacement of individual elements of load-bearing building structures with similar or other elements that improve the performance of such structures and (or) the restoration of these elements;..." (extract from the "Urban Planning Code of the Russian Federation "of December 29, 2004 N 190-FZ (as amended on December 19, 2016)

Capital repairs of an apartment building:

"...1) overhaul of an apartment building- carrying out and (or) rendering of the works and (or) services provided for by this Federal Law to eliminate malfunctions of worn-out structural elements of the common property of owners of premises in an apartment building (hereinafter referred to as common property in an apartment building), including their restoration or replacement, in in order to improve the operational characteristics of common property in an apartment building;..." (extract from the Federal Law of July 21, 2007 N 185-FZ (as amended on June 23, 2016) "On the Fund for Assistance to the Reform of Housing and Communal Services")

Capital repairs of the common property of an apartment building:

"...Capital repairs of common property of an apartment building: a set of works (services) for the replacement and (or) restoration (repair) of structures, parts, engineering and technical support systems, individual elements of the supporting structures of an apartment building that have lost during operation the bearing and (or) functional capacity with similar or other improving indicators to their normative state, when the volume of such work exceeds the current repair ... "(extract from" GOST R 51929-2014. National standard of the Russian Federation. Services of housing and communal services and management of apartment buildings. Terms and definitions "(approved and put into effect by the Order of Rosstandart dated June 11, 2014 N 543-st)

Comprehensive overhaul of an apartment building:

"...a) Complex overhaul- this is a repair with the replacement of structural elements and engineering equipment and their modernization. It includes work covering the entire building as a whole or its individual sections, in which their physical and functional wear and tear is compensated ..." (extract from the "Guidelines for the formation of the scope of work for the overhaul of apartment buildings, financed from the funds provided for by the Federal Law dated July 21, 2007 N 185-FZ "On the Fund for Assistance to the Reform of Housing and Communal Services" (approved by the State Corporation "Fund for Assistance to the Reform of Housing and Communal Services" on February 15, 2013)

Elevator overhaul:

"...Elevator overhaul- repairs performed to restore serviceability, complete or close to complete restoration of the elevator resource with the replacement or restoration of any of its parts, including the basic ones ... "(extract from the Order of the Gosstroy of the Russian Federation dated June 30, 1999 N 158 "On approval of the Regulations on the organization of operation elevators in the Russian Federation" (together with the "Regulations on the system of preventive maintenance of elevators")

Capital repairs of engineering communications:

"...For the overhaul of external engineering communications and improvement facilities include work on the repair of water supply networks, sewerage, heat and gas supply and electricity supply, landscaping of courtyard areas, repair of paths, driveways and sidewalks, etc. ... "(extract from the Decree of the Gosstroy of Russia dated 05.03.2004 N 15/1 (in dated 06/16/2014) "On approval and implementation of the Methodology for determining the cost of construction products on the territory of the Russian Federation" (together with "MDS 81-35.2004 ...")

Overhaul of bridge structures:

"...Overhaul of bridge structures: a change in the parameters of bridge structures that does not entail a change in the class, category and (or) initially established indicators of the functioning of such objects and which does not require a change in the boundaries of the right-of-way and (or) security zones of such objects..." Extract from "ODM" 218.3.014-2011. Industry road methodical document. Methodology for assessing the technical condition of bridge structures on highways "(issued on the basis of the Order of the Federal Road Agency of November 17, 2011 N 883-r)

Capital repairs of the road, pavement

"... road overhaul- a set of works to replace and (or) restore the structural elements of the road, road structures and (or) their parts, the implementation of which is carried out within the established permissible values ​​and technical characteristics of the class and category of the road and the implementation of which affects the design and other reliability characteristics and the safety of the highway and the boundaries of the right of way of the highway do not change; ... " (extract from the Federal Law of 08.11.2007 N 257-FZ (as amended on 03.07.2016) "On highways and road activities in the Russian Federation and on amendments to certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation")

"...Capital repairs of the highway: a set of works to replace and / or restore the structural elements of a highway, road structures and / or their parts, the implementation of which is carried out within the established permissible values ​​​​and technical characteristics of the class and category of a highway and the implementation of which affects the design and other characteristics of reliability and safety of the highway and the boundaries of the right of way of the highway and its geometric elements do not change ..." (extract from "SP 78.13330.2012. Code of Rules. Highways. Updated version of SNiP 3.06.03-85" (approved by Order of the Ministry of Regional Development of Russia dated 30.06 .2012 N 272)

Overhaul of the road surface:

"...overhaul of the road surface- a set of works in which the complete restoration and improvement of the performance of pavement and pavement, subgrade and road structures is carried out, worn-out structures and parts are replaced or replaced with the most durable and durable, increasing the geometric parameters of the road, taking into account the increase in traffic intensity and axial loads vehicles within the limits corresponding to the category established for the road being repaired, without increasing the width of the subgrade along the main length of the road ... "(extract from the Order of the Ministry of Housing and Public Utilities of the Moscow Region of June 29, 2015 N 125-RV "On Approval of the Rules for the Improvement of the Territory of the Balashikha Urban District Moscow region")

Capital repairs of road facilities:

"...Major overhaul of the ODH- this is a set of works in which a complete restoration and increase in the efficiency of pavement or pavement is carried out, worn-out structures and parts are replaced or replaced with more modern and durable ones ... "(extract from Decree of the Government of Moscow of December 16, 2014 N 762-PP "On approval of the Requirements for the sanitary and technical maintenance of road facilities of the street and road network of the city of Moscow and the Procedure for performing work on major repairs, current repairs, marking and maintenance of road facilities of the street and road network of the city of Moscow")

Overhaul of equipment and vehicles:

"... Overhaul of equipment and vehicles - complete disassembly of the unit, repair of basic and body parts and assemblies, replacement or restoration of all worn parts and assemblies with new and more modern ones, assembly, adjustment and testing of the unit ..." (extract from "Sectoral features of budgetary accounting in the social and labor sphere in terms of correspondence of accounts for typical sectoral operations" (approved by the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation on February 19, 2008) (together with "Methodological recommendations on budgetary accounting for institutions of the social and labor sphere")

Well workover:

"...15. Well workover- a set of works to restore well performance and enhance oil recovery, industrial, environmental safety and subsoil protection, including:
restoration of the technical characteristics of casing strings, cement ring, bottomhole zone, perforation interval;
restoration of well performance lost as a result of an accident or incident;
lowering and lifting equipment for separate operation and injection of various agents into the reservoir;
impact on the productive formation by physical, chemical, biochemical and other methods (hydraulic fracturing, hydrosandblast perforation, hydromechanical slot perforation, hydrochloric acid treatment of the formation, etc.);
sidetracking and drilling of horizontal sections in the reservoir (without a complete replacement of the casing string);
isolation of some and inclusion of other horizons;
transfer of wells to another purpose;
well survey;
liquidation of wells..." (extract from the Order of Rostekhnadzor dated April 23, 2007 N 279 (as amended on December 18, 2007) "On Approval of the Guidelines on the Procedure for Inspection of Organizations Performing Maintenance, Overhaul and Reconstruction of Wells." (together with "RD-13-07-2007. Guidelines on the procedure for inspecting organizations performing work on the current, overhaul and reconstruction of oil and gas wells") (Registered in the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation on 01.06.2007 N 9582)

Overhaul of technical security equipment:

"... The overhaul of the TSS is understood as a repair performed to restore the serviceability of the TSS and restore the system resource completely or close to it with the replacement or repair of any parts, including the basic ones ..." (extract from the Order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia dated 16.07.2012 N 689 "On approval of the Instructions for organizing the activities of non-departmental security units of the territorial bodies of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation to ensure the protection of objects, apartments and places of storage of property of citizens with the help of technical means of protection")

Overhaul of linear facilities:

"...14.3) overhaul of linear facilities- changing the parameters of linear objects or their sections (parts), which does not entail a change in the class, category and (or) initially established indicators of the functioning of such objects and which does not require changing the boundaries of the right of way and (or) security zones of such objects; .." (extract from the "Urban Planning Code of the Russian Federation" dated December 29, 2004 N 190-FZ (as amended on December 19, 2016)

Major overhaul of works of monumental art:

"...overhaul of works of monumental art(objects of urban sculpture) - research, design and production work aimed at preventing subsequent destruction and achieving optimal conditions for the long-term preservation of urban sculpture while maintaining its expositional qualities, replacement and (or) restoration of constituent elements, replacement and (or) restoration of structural elements. .." (extract from the Order of the Moscow Department of Cultural Heritage of September 17, 2014 N 127 "On approval of the Methodology for the current maintenance, overhaul and work to preserve works of monumental art located on the territory of the city of Moscow")

Overhaul of the gas distribution network (gas consumption):

"...Overhaul of the gas distribution network[gas consumption]: repairs carried out to restore serviceability and fully or close to complete restoration of the resource of the gas distribution network [gas consumption] with the replacement or restoration of any of its parts, including basic ... "(extract from" GOST R 53865-2010. National standard of the Russian Federations. Gas distribution systems. Terms and definitions "(approved and put into effect by Order of Rosstandart dated September 10, 2010 N 242-st)

Vessel overhaul:

"...2.2.15.Overhaul - ship repair(element, node), performed to restore its technical and operational characteristics to values ​​close to construction, with the replacement and (or) restoration of any elements, including basic ones. Capital repairs are carried out under the technical supervision of the Register inspection. Construction characteristics are understood as the characteristics that were in effect at the time the ship (element, assembly) was built. The overhaul of the vessel, as a rule, is carried out by the nodal method ... "(extract from the Order of the Ministry of River Fleet of the RSFSR dated 12.05.1989 N 61 "On the Enactment of the Rules for the Repair of Ships of the Ministry of the River Fleet of the RSFSR")

Question to the auditor

A budgetary educational institution concludes two contracts for repairs inside the premises (cladding the walls with plasterboard, painting the walls). The total amount of contracts is 700 thousand rubles. Is plasterboard wall cladding a major overhaul? What type of expenses to use - 244 or 223?

The concept of overhaul is also given in the Methodology for determining the cost of construction products on the territory of the Russian Federation MDS 81-35.2004, approved. Decree of the Gosstroy of Russia dated March 5, 2004 No. 15/1 (hereinafter - Methodology No. 15/1).

According to Part VIII "Internal Plastering, Facing and Painting Works" of Appendix 3 of Regulation No. 279, current repairs include:

• repair of plaster walls and ceilings with preliminary plastering (up to 10% of the plastered surface of walls and ceilings);
• change of wall cladding (up to 10% of the total area of ​​the tiled surface);
• painting of rooms and individual structures.

According to Part VIII "Internal Plastering, Facing and Painting Works" of Appendix 8 of Regulation No. 279, major repairs include:

• renewal of plastering of all premises and repair of plastering in the amount of more than 10% of the total plastered surface;
• change of wall cladding in the amount of more than 10% of the total area of ​​clad surfaces;
• continuous anti-corrosion painting of metal structures.

Thus, wall cladding with plasterboard (more than 10% of the total area of ​​clad surfaces) can be qualified as a major overhaul. Wall painting works are carried out as part of the current renovation.

The qualification of work on the repair of non-financial assets is within the competence of the officials of the institution, who can evaluate all the documents at their disposal (project documentation, estimates, etc.) and the extent of the repair.

According to clause 5.1.2 sect. III instructions, approved. By order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated July 1, 2013 No. 65n, the expenses of institutions for the overhaul of non-financial assets are reflected in the element of types of expenses 243, current repairs - in element 244.

- Resolution of the Fifteenth Arbitration Court of Appeal dated July 10, 2014 No. А53-17409/2013. Repair costs for repairing cracks in the foundation, walls, floors and roofs, strengthening the structure, plastering the walls, painting, replacing the roof, new concrete flooring can be taken into account for tax purposes at a time;

- Decree of the Federal Antimonopoly Service of the Central District dated 05.11.13 No. А54-7269/2012. Worn-out structures were replaced with newer and more durable ones, communications were replaced, partial redevelopment was carried out with an increase in the total area of ​​partitions up to 20 percent. The inspection noted that the work performed led to an increase in the area of ​​​​the premises. But the court, on the basis of floor plans, concluded that the total area of ​​the disputed premises had changed insignificantly due to the use of more modern materials during construction work;

- Decree of the Federal Antimonopoly Service of the Volga-Vyatka District of December 25, 2013 No. A43-32179 / 2012. Malfunctions have been eliminated, the building has been restored to a usable condition, partitions have been installed. The inspection indicated a change in the purpose of the property. The court noted that there was no increase in production capacity, improvement in quality and changes in the range of products, changes in the main technical and economic indicators of the building;

- Decree of the Federal Antimonopoly Service of the East Siberian District dated November 1, 2013 No. A19-3291 / 2013. Dismantling of wall cladding from plywood chipboard, partitions, metal lintels, skirting boards, wooden stands, cabinet shelves, wall cladding and installation of a suspended plasterboard ceiling, patching potholes in existing cement floors; replacement of wooden windows with PVC blocks, installation of door blocks; laying heating pipelines; re-installation of heating radiators; punching holes in brick walls; repair of concrete preparation; installation of finishing screed, insulation with mineral wool, linoleum and carpeting and other works are repair;

- Resolution of the Eighth Arbitration Court of Appeal dated May 17, 2012 No. A81-888 / 2011. The inspection indicated that as a result of the installation work, new fixed assets were actually created, without dismantling the old ones. The court took into account that dismantling before the work was carried out was impossible, since the work was carried out at an existing, operated facility (section XX, appendix 8). The works meet the signs of a major overhaul;

- Decree of the Federal Antimonopoly Service of the Urals District dated September 15, 2011 No. A76-25924 / 10. The replacement of cast-iron pipes with polyethylene pipes is a major overhaul, not a reconstruction, the functional purpose of the pipeline has not changed (Section XVI, Appendix 8);

- Decree of the Federal Antimonopoly Service of the Volga-Vyatka District of August 12, 2011 No. А82-7144/2010. Repair of floors, cable channels and replacement of door blocks are major repairs (Section VI, Appendix 8);

- Decree of the Federal Antimonopoly Service of the North Caucasus District dated April 11, 2011 No. A53-10464 / 2010. The installation of new ventilation systems and plumbing corresponds to the signs of a major overhaul (sections XII and XIII, annex 8), and not modernization or reconstruction. As a result of the repair, there was no improvement in production and an increase in its technical and economic indicators, the throughput of pipelines was not increased;

- resolutions of the Federal Antimonopoly Service of the North Caucasus District dated February 16, 2011 No. A32-15838 / 2010, dated February 11, 2011 No. A32-16132 / 2010. Insulation, puttying, priming, painting walls, finishing balconies, dismantling and laying paving slabs, dismantling and installing wells are repair works, their cost is not capitalized (Section IV and XVI Annex 8);

- Decree of the Federal Antimonopoly Service of the Central District dated December 30, 2010 No. A68-1971 / 10. The costs of repairing the facade and strengthening the structural elements of the building are included in the repair. Also, current expenses include expenses for work preceding repairs (preparation of a project plan, conducting geodetic tests), and for redevelopment associated with these works;

- Decree of the Federal Antimonopoly Service of the Moscow District of December 3, 2010 No. A40-13115 / 10-114-80. Dismantling of roofing slabs, lathing from timber, insulation of coatings, leveling screeds, roof fencing, dismantling of roofings from rolled materials, lining the bottom of the gallery, installation of roofing panels, flooring, installation of purlins, installation of flooring trusses, windows. These works relate to repairs (in particular, section IV, annex 8);

- Decree of the Federal Antimonopoly Service of the Volga-Vyatka District dated 02.11.10 No. А82-4702 / 2009. The administrative and production building "turned" into a cultural and entertainment center, there was a change in the quantitative parameters (after the completion of the work, the total area of ​​the leased premises increased). The area, number of storeys and volume of the building have not changed. The court recognized that the work carried out, by its nature, was aimed at restoring the building and was repair;

- Decree of the Federal Antimonopoly Service of the Urals District dated September 21, 2010 No. A47-6070 / 2008. The reconstruction works specified in the contract are repair works, since they did not cause a change in the intended purpose of the gate building (gatehouse), the technical and economic indicators of the building's functioning did not change. Dismantling of structures on the foundation, dismantling of insulation of coatings, dismantling of brick walls, reinforced concrete floors, reinforcement of masonry walls and concrete foundations, laying of brick partitions, laying of slabs and coatings, change of small coatings of steel and roll coatings, vapor barrier, insulation, screed, puttying and priming, painting, plastering, installation of gate frames, replacement of roofing and heating system; installation of window and door blocks, equipped with a basement;

- Decree of the Federal Antimonopoly Service of the Moscow District dated September 4, 2009 No. A40-94373 / 08-139-447. Works on partial redevelopment, repair of the vestibule, floors, change of air ducts, repair and partial replacement of masonry, replacement of the partition and part of the concrete base are rightfully classified as major repairs. As a result of the work carried out, the service or technological purpose of both the building as a whole and the repaired premises of the building has not changed (sections II, III, V, XII appendix 8);

- Decree of the Federal Antimonopoly Service of the Moscow District dated February 15, 2010 No. A40-95760 / 08-116-293. As a result of the work performed, the old fence was dismantled, a new fence was installed and painted, wickets and swing gates were installed. Since the technological and service purpose of the fence has not changed, these works are a major overhaul (section XXI appendix 8);

- Resolution of the Ninth Arbitration Court of Appeal dated July 14, 2009 No. A40-16205 / 09-99-33. When replacing, the type of new coating must comply with the requirements of the norms and specifications for new construction. Fireproof doors are installed in the working rooms. For this, auxiliary work was carried out: removal of trim, removal of door panels, dismantling of door frames. Also, work was carried out to improve the cosmetic and industrial condition of the office premises. The works are recognized as current repairs, since they do not meet the criteria for a major one (Sections VI and VIII, Appendix 3);

- Decree of the Federal Antimonopoly Service of the Moscow District dated May 26, 2009 No. A40-27155 / 07-98-157. Punching of openings in brick structures and installation of blocks in external and internal doorways, disassembly of masonry and laying of individual sections of brick walls, dismantling and installation of gable rafters, change of lathing with gaps from boards up to 30 mm thick, dismantling of metal structures, installation of perforated flooring , old insulation made of mineral wool, insulation of coatings with mineral wool boards, installation of ventilation systems made of galvanized sheet steel, waterproofing with sealant, louvered grilles, door blocks and other construction and installation works related to overhaul;

- Decree of the Federal Antimonopoly Service of the North-Western District dated October 17, 08 No. A56-48759 / 2007. Adjustment of central heating systems, change of individual sections of heating appliances and small sections of pipelines when eliminating leaks and blockages in pipes, repair and replacement of control and shut-off valves in individual rooms, and other maintenance works are related to maintenance works, their cost is not capitalized (Sec. XIII App. 3);

- Decree of the Federal Antimonopoly Service of the West Siberian District dated August 27, 2008 No. A81-461 / 2008. The work carried out by the company on the repair of the pipeline is fully consistent in content with the overhaul (Section XVII Appendix 8);

- Decree of the Federal Antimonopoly Service of the North-Western District dated May 21, 2007 No. A56-27115 / 2006. Laying partitions, installing additional bathrooms and hoods, repair and finishing works (puttying, painting walls, laying tiles, installing suspended ceilings, repairing doors) are major repairs

Homeowners in multi-apartment buildings (MKD) are required to make monthly payments to overhaul fund. Works are financed from the received funds for replacement or repair obsolete parts of buildings.

The order of priority for the implementation of repair work in the MKD is established by the executive body of state power of the subject and is reflected in regional program. in their home, citizens can visit the Housing Reform website.

What is meant by overhaul

Major overhaul is complex of works and (or) services for replacement or repair:

• engineering and technical communications;
• parts of load-bearing structures;
• separate sections of non-load-bearing walls.

Money for the apartment building is coming in from home owners and are stored in specially created funds (Article 169 of the LC RF), the method of formation of which is chosen by the owners themselves. Funds can be formed:

1. On the account of the regional operator- the funds received by the fund are managed by the regional authorities. The money received from the owners of apartments in the MKD is stored in the general fund of the subject of the Russian Federation. The sequence of capital works is established by the regional program.
2. On an individual MKD account- The collected money goes to the repair of one particular house. Homeowners open a bank account, which can be managed by a management company (MC) or a housing cooperative.

Takes place in buildings where more than 3 apartments. In houses that recognized as emergency or subject to demolition, repair work at the expense of the fund is not carried out. The owners of apartments located in such buildings are exempted from the obligation to make payments.

What works are included in the overhaul of an apartment building

During the overhaul, malfunctions are completely eliminated, the degree of comfort of living improves. Implemented replacement worn out or obsolete parts of the building to similar or modern ones. During the overhaul, redevelopment of the premises may be carried out.

Depending on the amount of work performed, overhaul is divided into:

1. Complex- carried out to restore all damaged parts of an apartment building. Usually held every 25 years.
2. Partial- selective repair, involves the replacement of individual components of the house, for example, utilities. Such repairs are carried out if the implementation of complex work is associated with additional difficulties or insufficient funding.

Major overhaul differs from the current one in that it involves complete replacement of structures. Current repair involves carrying out minor work aimed at maintaining the normal condition of the MKD.

For example, replacement of plastic windows, entrance doors in the entrance, improvement of the local area, installation of stair railings, cosmetic repairs, etc.

The owner of the property pays the costs of maintaining an apartment building, in fact, this is a fee for the management company for the work of carrying out current repairs. Work in progress of necessity emergencies are dealt with first.

Is the repair of the entrance included in the overhaul

Repair of the entrance is considered current if it is carried out in order to maintain its appearance in a favorable condition. Cosmetic and restoration work carried out at the expense of funds paid by tenants for the maintenance of housing. The current repairs in the entrance include:

• railing painting;
• whitewashing walls and ceilings;
• window glazing;
• removal of inscriptions;
• replacement of lighting fixtures;
• door replacement;
• painting of doors and slopes of the elevator.

The overhaul of the entrance includes the following works:

• installation, dismantling and transfer of walls;
• replacement of utilities;
• equipment upgrade.

The current repair of the entrance faster than capital. The timing of the repair work depends on the condition of the entrance and its total area. Overhaul may take longer more than 1 month and requires more funding, the current one is carried out on average once every 3-5 years.

Replacing windows and doors in the entrance is a current or major overhaul

In accordance with Art. 166 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, the replacement of windows and doors in the entrances of the MKD is not included in the list of overhaul works. Maintaining the driveway in good condition refers to current repairs to be carried out by the CC. Homeowners monthly for maintenance that are included in utility bill. It is due to these payments that work is carried out to replace windows and doors.

If the management company refuses to replace elements of common property or initiates fundraising for this type of repair work, homeowners of MKD have the right appeal against the actions of the managing organization. To do this, they can contact:

1. to the State Housing Inspectorate.
2. In Rospotrebnadzor.
3. To court.
4. To the prosecutor's office.

Replacement of the elevator under the MKD overhaul program

In accordance with the Federal Law of July 21, 2007 No. 185, the repair of an elevator is considered a major one, if a document has been adopted regarding the equipment declaring it unsuitable for operation. Expert opinion should contain a list of all faults, as well as a conclusion about the status of not only the equipment itself, but also the elevator shaft.

Inspection of the elevator should be carried out by qualified workers, in the presence of representatives of the management company or the HOA. Elevator replacement may be required during the period from 4 to 15 years of operation. At the same time, in the process of current repair, its individual elements should change.

If there are several elevators at the entrance, it is unacceptable to stop working all at once, repairs must be carried out sequentially. The elevator is being replaced within 1 to 2 months, depending on the number of storeys of the MKD.

Overhaul of the roof of an apartment building

Overhaul of the roof of the MKD is carried out at serious damage roof or its complete dilapidation. Roof and attic renovation work includes:

• drainage reconstruction;
• restoration of damaged roofing;
• replacement of rafters;
• arrangement of grounding and drainage.

If damaged more than 40% of the roof area it needs to be completely replaced. In all other cases, the repair is considered current and carried out by the UK. All types of repair work are carried out as planned in the warm season.

The decision to carry out major repairs of the roof is made owners at a general meeting. Once the decision has been made, tenants must draw up written request to the CC with a request for a refurbishment. After submitting the application, the roof is inspected for damage and an act is drawn up, which indicates all the existing defects.

Roof repair works are carried out at the expense of funds transferred to the renovation fund. If the collected funds are not enough, the management company may offer the owners:

• independently contribute the missing amount;
• save money by making higher payments for capital repairs.

List of services and / or works on the overhaul of common property

In accordance with paragraph 1 of Art. 166 ZhK RF in list of works overhaul includes:

• roof repair;
• repair of intra-house engineering systems of heat, electricity, gas, water supply and sanitation;
• restoration of the facade and foundation of the house;
• replacement and modernization of elevators and shafts;
• repair of basement, machine and block rooms.

These works are carried out at the expense of overhaul fund, which is formed from the minimum contribution amount established by regional legislation. By decision of the executive authority, the list of works can be supplemented following repairs:

• facade insulation;
• arrangement of exits to the roof;
• installation of metering devices for the consumption of communal resources and services, including general house meters;
• reconstruction of a non-ventilated roof.

By decision of the homeowners, the monthly contribution for the overhaul of MKD can be increased(Clause 4, Article 166 of the LC RF). The funds raised through the raise can be spent to finance any services and repairs common property.

For example, payment for construction control services, development of project documentation, as well as for repayment of loans spent on overhaul.

How to know when my house will be renovated

The start date for the repair work for each specific MKD is set. The program is developed by the executive body of state power of the subject and is updated every year. You can see her test on the website of the authority or management company.

You can find out the queue for the overhaul of MKD on the Housing and Utilities Reform website, where information about approved regional programs is posted. To date, the site has published data more than 700 thousand objects.

About what events will be held and at what time, citizens can find out at the address of the house. To do this, you need to enter your details in line "Find your home" in the "Repair" tab. If the house is in the queue for overhaul, information about the planned events and the year of their implementation will be displayed.

On the site you can also find out information about the amount of the contribution for the overhaul, as well as the amount of funds collected by the owners and the amount of the current payment arrears.

Polishchuk Vadim Igorevich,

Project manager

Overhaul and reconstruction: Many people mistakenly understand these terms as synonyms. Actually, it is not. There is a significant difference between the reconstruction and overhaul of any building. What it is - will be explained in this material.

What is a major overhaul

Capital repairs are carried out in construction if it is necessary to restore the characteristics of the object to current standards, with the restoration and (or) replacement of any parts of the construction object.

Definition of a major overhaul according to the Town Planning Code

Capital repairs of capital construction facilities(with the exception of linear facilities) is the replacement and (or) restoration of building structures of capital construction objects or elements of such structures, with the exception of load-bearing building structures, replacement and (or) restoration of engineering and technical support systems and networks of engineering and technical support of capital construction objects or their elements, as well as the replacement of individual elements of load-bearing building structures with similar or other elements that improve the performance of such structures and (or) the restoration of these elements (Article 1, clause 14.2 of the Town Planning Code of the Russian Federation).

Overhaul of linear facilities- this is a change in the parameters of linear objects or their sections (parts), which does not entail a change in the class, category and (or) initially established indicators of the functioning of such objects and which does not require a change in the boundaries of the right of way and (or) security zones of such objects ( article 1, clause 14.3 of the Town Planning Code of the Russian Federation).

Based on the definition, it can be seen that during the overhaul (with the exception of linear facilities) the main technical and economic indicators (building area, building volume, usable area, number of floors) do not change.

Definitions of a capital construction object and a linear object

Capital construction objects include buildings, structures, structures and objects whose construction has not been completed (with the exception of temporary buildings, sheds, kiosks and other similar objects). The objects of capital repairs are, for example, residential buildings and their parts (roofs, walls, etc.), apartment buildings and adjacent territories, structures, premises, etc.

According to the definition of the Town Planning Code, linear objects include power lines, communication lines (including linear cable structures), pipelines, roads, railway lines and other similar structures. The overhaul of linear facilities includes, for example, the overhaul of a road, repair of a bridge and engineering systems.

What relates to the overhaul of buildings and structures

Major repairs are carried out when they are physically worn out and destroyed. It includes work on the restoration or replacement of components of buildings (structures) or entire structures, parts and engineering equipment.

The purpose of the overhaul

The purpose of the conduct is to eliminate the malfunction of all worn-out elements, including partial replacement or strengthening of foundations, load-bearing walls, frames, roofs and roofs with more durable, economical and maintainable materials.

Types of overhaul

Major overhaul according to the principle of the quality of planning, the degree of internal improvement and the technical condition of buildings is divided into complex and selective.

Complex overhaul- this is a repair with the replacement of structural elements and engineering equipment and their modernization. It includes work covering the entire building as a whole or its individual sections, in which their physical and functional wear is compensated.

Selective overhaul- this is a repair with full or partial replacement of individual structural elements of buildings and structures or equipment, aimed at full compensation for their physical and partially functional wear.

Related concepts

In the City Planning Code modernization building is interpreted as the improvement of the technical and economic properties and characteristics of the object, carried out by replacing the systems and structural elements of the object with more efficient ones. During the overhaul of capital construction facilities, the building can be modernized: improving the layout by dismantling old non-bearing partitions and erecting new ones, re-equipping old engineering networks with new and modern ones. A similar situation is with linear objects. For example, during the overhaul of roads and bridges, the number of lanes for traffic does not increase, indicators of external engineering networks, such as power, pressure, voltage, do not change. But at the same time, it is allowed to replace materials with others with better performance characteristics. For example, replacing cast-iron pipes with polypropylene, aluminum cable with copper, etc.

Technical re-equipment differs from overhaul mainly in the presence of changes in the technological process.

redevelopment during major repairs is possible only if the structural scheme of the building changes.

What is reconstruction

In Russian legislation, there are several meanings of the term "reconstruction", incl. in the Tax, Housing and Urban Planning Codes.

Definition of reconstruction according to the Town Planning Code

Reconstruction of capital construction objects(with the exception of linear construction objects) is a change in the parameters of a capital construction object, its parts (height, number of floors, area, volume), including a superstructure, restructuring, expansion of a capital construction object, as well as replacement, redevelopment and (or) restoration load-bearing building structures of a capital construction object, with the exception of replacing individual elements of such structures with similar or other elements that improve the performance of such structures and (or) restoration of these elements (Article 1, clause 14 of the Town Planning Code of the Russian Federation). An example of work with capital construction projects is the reconstruction of residential buildings and premises, public buildings, etc.

Reconstruction of linear objects- this is a change in the parameters of linear objects or their sections (parts), which entails a change in the class, category and (or) initially established indicators of the functioning of such objects (capacity, carrying capacity, etc.) or which requires a change in the boundaries of the right of way and (or) security zones of such objects (Article 1, clause 14.1 of the Town Planning Code of the Russian Federation). An example of work with linear facilities is the reconstruction of engineering networks (water supply and sanitation systems, electrical, gas, heat communications, etc.).

Interpretation of the concept of reconstruction in various regulatory documents

According to the Tax Code, reconstruction includes the reorganization of existing fixed assets associated with the improvement of production and an increase in its technical and economic indicators, carried out under the project for the reconstruction of fixed assets in order to increase production capacity, improve quality and change the range of products.

Obviously, the definitions of the term "reconstruction" given by the Tax and Urban Planning Codes differ significantly. The question arises: which of the definitions should be guided by, or one complements the other? Then it turns out that the reorganization is the reconstruction?

However, there is no definition of reconstruction in the Housing Code, while the term “reconstruction” is synonymous with major repairs, in terms of “replacement and (or) restoration of engineering systems and engineering networks”. It turns out that the interpretation of the Tax Code contradicts the Town Planning and Housing Codes?

Let's try to clarify. In accordance with paragraph 1 of Article 11 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as the Tax Code of the Russian Federation), the institutions, concepts and terms of civil, family and other branches of the legislation of the Russian Federation used in the Tax Code of the Russian Federation are applied in the sense in which they are used in these sectors legislation, unless otherwise provided by the Tax Code of the Russian Federation.

Thus, if the building produces products (in other words, if the building in question is for production purposes) and this product is taxed, then it is necessary to be guided by the definition from the Tax Code. That is, the reconstruction in this case will be the replacement and (or) installation of equipment with a more advanced one, which will be able to produce new products or will increase the volume or improve the quality of products. If it is planned to replace old, morally and physically obsolete equipment with new, modern, then this will be a technical re-equipment; at the same time, it is allowed to change the production technology, but it is not allowed to increase production capacities and there is no question of the quantity and quality of products.

Related concepts

During reconstruction, it can also be carried out modernization properties and technical characteristics of buildings, systems and elements. However, these concepts should not be confused, as they are complementary.

The reconstruction of the building is different from technical re-equipment the optionality of changing the technological process and, on the contrary, the mandatory nature of the replacement (restoration) of supporting structures.

redevelopment during reconstruction, it is part of the concept of reconstruction of buildings and structures and includes work affecting the position of the load-bearing walls and structures of the building.

restoration often confused with reconstruction, however, these concepts differ mainly in that restoration includes works to strengthen and restore buildings and structures that are monuments of history, culture and art.

The reconstruction of houses, abandoned buildings in order to adapt to modern needs is gaining popularity, which is called renovation buildings. For example, the reconstruction and restructuring of an abandoned plant or factory building in order to turn it into an office center.

Differences between reconstruction and overhaul

Capital repairs and reconstruction, based on the definitions of the Urban Planning Code, differ in the degree of change in the construction object. During the overhaul of buildings and structures, objects are returned to their original state, suitable for operation; during reconstruction, changes in the key technical and economic parameters of the construction object can be made.

For example, during the reconstruction of a highway, the category of roads, the width of the carriageway change, if these are external engineering networks, then their capacity and length change. During the reconstruction of capital construction objects, it is necessary not only to eliminate the accumulated physical and moral deterioration, but also to bring the object to compliance with all applicable norms and rules.

Most of the buildings being renovated do not comply with all applicable standards, and this is understandable, because often the age of the building is calculated in decades, and the standards change almost every year.

Therefore, during the overhaul, some deviation from the current norms is allowed. For example, a decision has been made to repair the roof of a building; at the same time, it is not necessary to improve the adjacent territory, increase the number of parking spaces, insulate facades, etc. And if it is decided to reconstruct the building, for example, build an extension or make an attic instead of an unused attic, then it is necessary to bring the entire building to the required current standards, starting from modern architectural solutions, layouts, and ending with the requirements for the energy efficiency of the building.

A building permit is not required during a major overhaul, and the procedure for preparing for construction and putting the building into operation will be much simpler, faster and cheaper than when reconstructing a building. Permission to renovate a building is often required by state and local governments, and the procedure for obtaining permits is lengthy and laborious. This is due to the fact that during the reconstruction of the house, new construction can be carried out, a very common practice is to build an attic on the roof of the building.

As for the design of major repairs and reconstruction, planning and drafting of the project is necessary for each type of work. This is due to the fact that construction work in a building or part of a building can in one way or another affect neighboring buildings in the block. That is why it is important to carry out the work after coordination with the master plan of the quarter. At the same time, drawing up a project for reconstruction is a more time-consuming procedure and often requires additional approvals of the design assignment and the work organization project.

Developers are well aware of the difference between a major overhaul and reconstruction, trying with all their might to "get away" from the reconstruction of the building, since the preparation of documents can take more than a year, and in other cases - more than one year. As a result, disputes arise between local governments and stakeholders.

In the next article, we will talk about the controversial situations that arose during the overhaul of buildings that we had to deal with in practice.

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