All panel apartment buildings belong to one or another series. The difference between one series and another is not so great, almost all apartments are of the same type and have only a few layout options.
The famous "Khrushchev" (series 1-447), the later P-44 or 83 series - they all have almost the same arrangement of rooms, which has the only goal - compactness.
Small discrepancies are not significant, since they do not create a significant difference.
5 floors
Panel 5-storey houses belong to earlier series, who directly replaced the "Khrushchev". The main difference between the layout was the absence of walk-through rooms.. In addition, all rooms now had doors, i. for residents there was an opportunity for privacy, solitude.
There were corridors from which the entrance to the rooms was carried out. At the same time, separate bathrooms appeared - a bathroom and a toilet, combined into a single block, but having a partition between them with separate entrances.
9 floors
The increase in the number of floors set the task of equipping the houses with elevators, for which it was necessary to expand the stairwells. Besides, the emergence of 9-storey panel houses required the presence of garbage chutes, also requiring a certain volume, as well as utility rooms.
All these innovations have caused the need to change the layout of apartments. Adjacent balconies appeared, connected by 4 into one block, wider stairwells caused the expansion of the corridors.
Reference! The changes were not so significant.
Since in any case, binding to the dimensions of a typical reinforced concrete panel did not give much room for imagination. Most of the series of 9-storey houses are modernized projects of 5-storey houses.
Is it possible to reschedule?
Redevelopment in a panel house is quite possible, but with some reservations. The fact is that there are load-bearing walls that are the supporting structures of the building.
There are conventional partitions (so-called self-supporting) that can be changed or removed without compromising the strength of the structure. Any changes in the layout of the rooms should not affect the load-bearing walls.
In general, there are methods of redevelopment with intervention in their condition - tying newly made openings with a channel, strengthening, etc., but all of them are doubtful in terms of structural strength, and if the apartment is on the lower floors of a multi-storey building, then they are completely undesirable.
So the best option is not to touch the load-bearing walls, especially since most of the options for redevelopment of typical apartments do not require this.
Important! Independent transfer of capital walls is prohibited! The redevelopment must be coordinated accordingly and carried out by professionals.
Besides, changes should not in any way infringe on the rights of residents of other apartments. For example, the transfer of heating radiators on the balcony is prohibited, since the design of the house does not provide for heating balconies, resulting in an extra consumption of thermal energy, which is not enough for residents of apartments located further down the riser.
Their batteries will become colder, and You can get a fine for illegal redevelopment with an order to return everything as it was. It is forbidden:
- dismantling or removal of ventilation ducts.
- Combining bathrooms without hydro and sound insulation measures.
- Combining balconies, loggias with rooms or kitchens.
- Works with load-bearing walls without reinforcement.
Also, you can not transfer gas (kitchen) and a bathroom to any other part of the apartment.
Apartment Options
At first sight, There are a lot of options for redevelopment of the apartment..
But the restrictions on changing the state of the bearing walls and the general expediency of the whole action reduce the number of possible options to a minimum. You will not succeed without technical knowledge about the layout of apartments.
Most often, some expansion of the area is carried out due to the partial or complete removal of partitions, or, conversely, the creation of partitions that separate the sleeping area from the living room (for example, in one-room apartments). You can consider some options.
1-room
For one-room apartments the most relevant way is to demolish the partition between the kitchen and the room, causing its area to expand significantly. The disadvantage of this change is that the kitchen becomes part of the room., all odors, steam and other related parts are visible.
Another change is to install a partition across the room, resulting in a small bedroom and living room.
Reference! This decision is caused by the lack of space and the need to provide rest for family members (especially if there is a child).
Besides, the toilet and bathroom are combined into a single room. The main reason is the need to install a large bath and place a washing machine, which are impossible in conventional bathrooms.
3-room
To make redevelopment in such an apartment, you need to know what the layout of a 3-room apartment in a panel house is.
In this case a common solution is the demolition of some partitions to get more common space. Combine:
- two adjoining rooms into one larger one;
- kitchen with a room;
- bathroom - bathroom and toilet in one room.
Most cases of redevelopment of three-room housing are due to the desire to expand the space of the apartment, to make it visually more voluminous.
Important! Combining gasified kitchens with rooms is prohibited! It will be necessary to install a partition (sliding, accordion, etc.) or turn off the gas and replace the stove with an electric one.
4-room
The main problem of four-room apartments is small rooms.. Most of the four-room apartments are the same three-room apartments, in which one of the rooms is divided in half. Therefore, in addition to the usual events - combining a kitchen and a room, a bathroom, etc. - merged adjacent rooms.
They connect two, sometimes three rooms to get one, larger size and capacity. Such a decision, most often, is dictated by the need to place furniture, household appliances, exercise equipment, the dimensions of which are not suitable for typical apartments. However, the opposite is often the case.
Coordination and registration
To agree on the redevelopment, you will need to create a work plan with sketches before and after work. The plan is created by a special organization. The cost of creating a plan is different for each type of layout.
The plan is approved by the architecture department, followed by a visit to the BTI to issue a new technical passport for the apartment. Once you receive your passport, you can start work.
Important! Inconsistent redevelopment will significantly complicate the sale or inheritance of the apartment.
The redevelopment of apartments is a measure that is partly forced, but at the same time creative, requiring imagination and the ability to see something new and original in the familiar.
Large household appliances, furniture, photos of apartments decorated with plasterboard structures seen on the net - there are a lot of reasons that encourage you to get to work. Compliance with technical requirements and coordination in the relevant organizations will help to avoid problems in the future.
Related videos
Apartment redevelopment. What is possible and what is not?
Having coped with the delight after the purchase, you may feel considerable confusion about the scope of work that awaits you.
3-room apartment: photo + 3 finished projects
Three living rooms, a kitchen, a bathroom and a corridor - this is a considerable field for repair. Without drawing up a work plan and a design project, it will be almost impossible to carry out everything planned and get a good result.
To get started, make a list of rooms that need updating. The second list should consist of the tenants of the apartment and those who may join it over time. For example, if a young family is planning children, then it is necessary to provide for the presence of a nursery or a room that can be easily converted into it. If over time it is necessary to settle someone from the older generation in one of the rooms, it is also better to take this into account and prepare in advance.
Small studio apartment
Eco style bedroom
Interior of a 3-room apartment: from rooms to zoning
Unlike a one-room apartment, in spacious housing the requirements for stylistic unity are not so strict. However, to create a harmonious atmosphere, it is still better to stick to the same style in all rooms.
The main zones, the presence of which is mandatory in a three-room apartment, are:
- bedroom
- kitchen
- rest zone
- bathroom / toilet
- children's / playroom
The set of necessary zones in the apartment depends on the number of residents, their age, occupation and hobbies. The kitchen is small and you want to allocate a separate room for receiving guests? Then transfer friendly gatherings to the living room, and create a kitchen in a utilitarian and minimalist style, without overloading the interior with multifunctionality.
If you are not yet planning to expand the family and the appearance of children is not expected in the near future, then the children's room can be replaced by a guest room or equipped with an office in it.
Bedroom in Scandinavian style
Housing in panel houses is distinguished not only by its small area, but also by a number of restrictions that must be taken into account during repairs. The main one is the impossibility of large-scale redevelopment, since the walls and ceilings are monolithic and it is very difficult to dismantle or significantly change them.
The height of the ceilings and the area of functional premises (especially the kitchen and bathroom) also dictate the conditions for future design. It is possible to increase the area of \u200b\u200bthe kitchen due to the corridor leading to it and the pantry. To store useful or unnecessary items in the kitchen, it is better to allocate a separate niche in the kitchen area.
By removing a seemingly small pantry, you will get additional centimeters of space that were previously not enough to accommodate a more comfortable soft corner, cabinets or a wide refrigerator.
If the pantry is located in one of the living rooms, then equipping it with a dressing room or placing a spacious built-in wardrobe would be a great idea. So the area of \u200b\u200bthe room will not suffer, and the bedroom will become more comfortable and practical.
Design by Ekaterina Nechaeva and Irina Markman
If you have several children growing up, each of whom needs to create their own personal space, and there is only one room for this, it is worth using a full or partial partition to divide the room into two zones. A similar technique can be used to divide a room into a bedroom and an office or work area. To increase the area, you can attach a balcony or loggia to the living room, placing a home office or an additional seating area there.
Interior by Ariana Ahmad Interior Design
Apartment project No. 1 (100 sqm)
The three-room apartment belongs to a young couple with a child.
Square: 100 sq. m
Designer: Tatyana Alenina
Plan of a three-room apartment
Living room interior
Hall in the apartment
Interior of a three-room apartment
Wardrobe
Bedroom design in an apartment
Kitchen-studio
Design of a 3-room apartment in Khrushchev, taking into account the shortcomings of the building
In addition to low ceilings and a small area of rooms, the shortcomings of apartments in Soviet-built houses include walk-through rooms and the placement of bedrooms on opposite sides of the corridor. It is impossible to make a full-fledged bedroom out of a walk-through room, because you will never get privacy there, without which personal space is hard to imagine. But the living room and the common seating area will fit perfectly into it, which will help unload other rooms.
The advantage of such apartments is the low strength of the internal partitions, which are rarely load-bearing and therefore can be changed or dismantled. It is better to provide the ceiling and walls with additional sound insulation, since the audibility in most Khrushchev houses exceeds all fears.
Design of a three-room apartment: important details
Small windows and small rooms are the cause of lighting problems in three-room apartments. We have already mentioned low ceilings - they, alas, do not add freedom to the room. Thinking through high-quality and varied lighting is one of the most important tasks in interior design. In the recreation area, use lighting at different levels along with the central chandelier.
Floor high lamps and spotlights on the ceiling will help create an atmosphere conducive to relaxation and friendly communication.
living room design
Use high-tech materials to finish surfaces and fill the interior, as they are safe and will serve your family for many years. Instead of cabinet furniture, use shelves and cabinets that can be placed on several levels, saving usable space. In the kitchen, this decision can be very valuable.
Minimize the amount of furniture in the hallway. No matter how homebody the owner of the apartment is, there is always not enough space in the hallway for the most necessary things that I would like to place there. Therefore, a set of furniture must strictly correspond to the functionality of the room, and you need to get rid of everything superfluous.
NW-Interior studio project
Layout of a 3-room apartment: what can be changed
Three-room apartments can vary greatly in total area, which affects the whole picture of the upcoming renovation. If there are few square meters, you will have to show imagination and resourcefulness on the way to getting a spacious and comfortable place to live. At the same time, even the design of a 3-room apartment of 80 sq. m is based on the redevelopment of the premises in order to expand it to the maximum possible size.
The location of the rooms, the proximity of the kitchen and bathroom, a narrow corridor and the virtual absence of an entrance hall - all these are restrictions that cannot be completely eliminated even as a result of a very thorough repair. But there are several ways to minimize them. Namely:
redevelopment of the apartment by combining adjacent rooms and premises
removal (as much as possible) of partitions and walls in order to combine all the rooms into a spacious studio apartment
To increase the usable area of a separately selected room, it can be combined with an adjacent room, if the design features of the walls and floors allow it. If the wall between the rooms is load-bearing, then it is forbidden to dismantle it. In this case, rooms can be combined using less costly and complex techniques: for example, instead of swing doors, install sliding or transparent partitions that perform a rather decorative function.
This method involves structural changes primarily in the smallest rooms. Having decided to dismantle the partition between the kitchen and the room, decide on the role of the corridor. If the kitchen is very small in size, then it is better to attach the corridor to it, and organize the entrance to the kitchen from the room. Another option may be to increase the area of the bathroom by combining it with a corridor, if you extend the partition between the kitchen and the bathroom. Then the entrance to the bathroom must be placed from the side of the hallway.
When combining a balcony with a bedroom, remember the safety requirements. Such changes will require permission from official structures such as BTI and the architectural bureau, as they will change the facade of the house and may pose a threat to the safety of your neighbors. This applies to the dismantling of walls and partitions inside the apartment - only official permission for redevelopment will protect you from fines and claims in the future.
Even more stringent requirements are subject to the second redevelopment option - the creation of a studio apartment with the largest possible common space. Even apartments in the most modern buildings most often have walls that are forbidden to be demolished. In this case, design techniques come in handy to create a sense of a single space without compromising safety.
A multi-level ceiling, a podium, a built-in wardrobe instead of a mezzanine, light colors in the decoration and furniture, mirrors and lighting as close to natural as possible - these details will help to visually expand the boundaries of the apartment and visually increase its area.
Design of a 3-room apartment
Studio apartment interior
Kitchen-dining room
Beautiful kitchen-living room
Paintings in the interior
small kitchen
Children's room for a girl
Design by Anna Shabinskaya
If your apartment allows you to demolish as many partitions as possible, then different flooring will help to emphasize the functionality of each zone: tiles are perfect for the kitchen area, and parquet or laminate flooring for the living room and bedroom. The type and level of lighting will also highlight the necessary differences.
Design of a 3-room apartment in a panel house
Bedroom with balcony
Design of a 3-room apartment-vest: together or apart
Apartments of this type are distinguished by the arrangement of rooms opposite each other, the entrance to which is located in one large room. This also creates opportunities for future redevelopment.
The photo shows the most common type of redevelopment of such apartments.
In this case, the area of the premises plays a decisive role. For example, the design of a 3-room apartment of 60 sq.m allows you to implement most of the techniques already considered in the kitchen, hallway and bathroom area. In a large room there is no place for a sleeping area, but the role of a living room or study with a bookcase and a desk is perfect for her.
Use the abundance of light in the room to create a comfortable environment for relaxation. A variety of storage systems will help save usable space and visually unload the space of small rooms.
Project No. 2 (60 sqm)
The apartment belongs to a young family whose male half loves carpentry. That is why there is so much natural wood in the interior.
Square: 60 sq.m
Designer: Victoria Mirzoeva
Plan of a 3-room apartment
Interior in Scandinavian style
Treshka repair
Workshop in the apartment
Bedroom decoration
Balcony storage
Storage Issues
In the interior, there are always questions with storage. Cabinets, as a rule, are always not enough, so even at the repair stage it is important to create as many niches as possible and provide for additional hidden storage systems. Cabinets usually look massive, due to which the space loses its lightness and comfort.
How to solve this problem:
Plan a dressing room
For a closet, choose doors with mirrors
Choose one color for the cabinet and walls, or create a system of drywall and shelves, which you then paint to match the walls, and hide the transitions behind the baseboards. In any case, the cabinet will take up a significant area, so why not at least visually make it lighter and more inconspicuous?
Office in an apartment
Bedroom on the attic floor
Project No. 3 (120 sq. m)
The interior of this three-room apartment was decorated by VVDesign studio in a modern classic style.
Living room decoration
Living room interior
classic kitchen
Bedroom renovation
Design of a three-room apartment in a panel house
Fireplace in the apartment
Interior of a children's room for two
Room for two children
Bathroom in classic style
hallway interior
Modern youth may find it difficult to answer who Khrushchev was, but the name of the buildings created at that time is known to the majority - these are "Khrushchev". Initially, they were built as temporary housing, so the level of comfort of such a dwelling leaves much to be desired. A radical measure will help to minimize the problems of organizing space in such apartments - redevelopment of the "Khrushchev" into 3 rooms.
Redevelopment will allow you to change the apartment without moving, making it comfortable for all family members to live
From comfortable apartments in new buildings, “Khrushchevs” differ primarily in the low ceiling height and the small area of \u200b\u200bthe rooms. Many designers are puzzling over how to create a place for comfortable family living from the most compressed space. However, even such shortcomings do not reduce the popularity of "Khrushchev" in the secondary housing market. This is mainly due to the low price category of such apartments. And if you also approach the issue of repairs wisely, then from any “Khrushchev” you can create housing that is not inferior in terms of comfort to new buildings.
Redevelopment is a radical, but sometimes the only way to make housing comfortable
If we talk about the redevelopment of the "Khrushchev", it is worth noting an important advantage: all the partitions in the apartment are not load-bearing, which greatly simplifies the procedure for agreeing and carrying out repair work. Bathrooms can be either separate or combined.
The “lucky ones” living in such apartments are aware of the difficulties of placing furniture and household appliances in a small space. That is why it is worth considering several options for transforming a small apartment and creating space for living. A rational approach to repair will help you make an excellent apartment out of a typical “Khrushchev” that fully meets your wishes and taste.
Redevelopment of the apartment with the creation of a large living room and a separate bedroom behind mirrored sliding partitions
How to start remodeling
Oddly enough, the beginning of the repair in this case will begin with bureaucracy.
Important! In order to start redevelopment of the apartment, it is necessary to coordinate all actions with the city and housing authorities.
Before going to the right authorities, prepare a redevelopment plan for approval.
The first thing to do before a radical renovation is a redevelopment plan.
If the alterations are not agreed with the BTI, then later you can face big problems when exchanging, selling and donating an apartment, and even get a fine.
To make everything go smoothly, order a finished project from a licensed architect who will take into account all the technical nuances and your wishes. Redevelopment of "Khrushchev" into 3 rooms can be implemented through partial or complete dismantling, transfer of walls, including doorways.
Since in most cases the internal walls of "Khrushchev" are not load-bearing, many believe that coordination is not required for the work, but this opinion is erroneous. Unauthorized demolition of partitions can lead to violations of construction, sanitary and legal requirements. As a rule, load-bearing walls include the outer walls of apartments, as well as inter-apartment walls and beams.
Documents for redevelopment of "Stalinka" into 3 rooms or "Khrushchev"
In order to avoid legal sanctions for unauthorized redevelopment of an apartment, it is necessary to provide a list of mandatory documents to the regulatory authorities. These include:
- technical passport for housing. It has a standard form, is obtained from the BTI authorities, contains the necessary certificates, an approved plan;
- a finished project created with the participation of a licensed design organization;
- an approved technical plan confirming that the redevelopment will not lead to a violation of the integrity and stability of the building;
- certificate from the fire service;
- documents confirming the right to own housing;
- an agreement on supervision of construction work with an organization that has a license for controlling activities.
This list is not final, however, the described documentation is the most important issue when planning repairs in Khrushchev. The commission deciding on the possibility of redevelopment may consider it necessary to consider additional documentation, for example, a certificate from the public utility.
Plan with care
The most common problem of "Khrushchev" is very small bathrooms, therefore, with a total renovation, the owners often plan to expand these areas. However, at the same time, one should not forget about sanitary standards, which state that it is impossible to expand the toilet and bathroom at the expense of the space of the kitchen and living rooms.
Attention! The increase in this zone should be carried out only at the expense of the corridor, storage room and other free spaces.
You can increase the area of \u200b\u200bthe toilet and bathroom only at the expense of the corridor
The owners of apartments in Khrushchevs are particularly inconvenienced by the small kitchen area. Therefore, the expansion of its area often comes to the fore in the implementation of large-scale repairs.
And in this matter, “pitfalls” can await you, because most apartments have a gas pipeline system, which will not allow you to expand the kitchen space due to the bathroom or living rooms. To implement your ideas, you can go the following ways:
- replace the gas stove with an electric one;
- to separate the kitchen area from the living area using a sliding partition;
- reduce the area of \u200b\u200bthe corridor or pantry.
Redevelopment of the premises of a 3-room "Khrushchev" gives much more space than apartments with less living space. To make a successful redevelopment of "Khrushchev" 3 into rooms, check out the photos of finished projects.
How to create a comfortable space
If you are in the mood for a global redevelopment of the "Khrushchev" into 3 rooms, then consider the adjacent options in the photo and clearly decide on the plan of your own living space.
Important! Consider all individual preferences, hobbies, furniture and equipment that have already been purchased and planned to be placed.
Only in this way it will be possible to properly plan the repair work and the purchase of the necessary materials. In order not to run into problems when installing furniture, immediately think about where each element will be located.
For "Khrushchev" ideal classic interior in a minimalist style.
To maximize the space, you can combine several rooms into one. Sliding partitions will help you create a cozy space and separate the living and sleeping areas.
A good effect is the combination of the hall and the corridor. To comply with hygiene standards in the room, it is necessary to perform zoning by laying various floor coverings. For example, easy-to-clean tiles are laid in the corridor, and the room is lined with carpet.
Separately, it is worth touching on the topic of integrating the kitchen with the living room. Experts do not advise to completely combine these zones, it is better to create a light movable partition, or to separate these zones using color schemes.
Large sliding doors allow you to visually enlarge the space without uniting the rooms.
Built-in appliances will help to significantly increase the usable area. The kitchen, installed around the perimeter of even a small room, will leave enough space for a dining table.
Installing a shower cabin will help save space in the bathroom. So, if you did not know where to put the washing machine, this alteration will create enough space for it to be installed.
Having decided to re-plan 3 rooms of the "Khrushchev", check out the photos of ready-made projects, perhaps from them you will get ideas for the planned renovation.
I like
Many apartments cannot boast of a convenient location of rooms. Sometimes there are cases that no design tricks and repairs, for example, visual expansion of the usable area with the help of mirrors, can be compared with the demolition of walls. That is why many come to the conclusion that a 3-room apartment re-planned in Khrushchev, the location of which is not always good, therefore needs some changes, which will make it more cozy and comfortable.
Standard buildings built in the Khrushchev era have been standing for more than half a century and will stand for the same amount more. If the overhaul of the building is observed, then the service life will increase. Khrushchevs were erected as temporary housing with a low level of comfort, so such an apartment is subject to redevelopment quite often. The main unifying features of Khrushchev:
- very low ceilings;
- small areas of residential and non-residential areas;
- shared bathrooms;
- walk-through rooms;
- poor heat and sound insulation.
A big advantage is that the internal partitions in the house are not load-bearing, and this greatly simplifies the process of redevelopment and repair. In a brick house, there are load-bearing structures that rely on internal, external inter-apartment walls.
Typical layout of a three-room apartment
There are several options for planning 3-room apartments in Khrushchev:
- two of the three rooms are very small, as if one of the rooms had been divided into two;
- 2 large adjoining rooms and one small separate room;
- living quarters are scattered on both sides of the house;
- there is an option when all rooms are completely isolated from each other.
Often in one of the three rooms there is a pantry. It is here that it is best to equip the bedroom, since the pantry can be turned into a small dressing room. Thus, you can unload the room and solve the problem of organizing space. One of the rooms is often designed as a living room, where you can gather with the whole family and receive guests. If there are children, then the third room turns into a nursery.
Required documentation for changing the layout
Redevelopment of a three-room Khrushchev consists of several stages. First of all, an apartment project is created, which is ordered by specialists. Such a solution will avoid problems at the next stage, when the project will have to be approved by the relevant authorities. The choice of scheme for coordination will depend on how difficult the repair is:
- according to the sketch;
- according to the sketch, taking into account changes in capital structures;
- by project.
You will need to collect a package of documents, if the alteration is carried out according to the sketch, then it is also reflected on paper. The three-room apartment is distinguished by the fact that there is a storage room, a built-in wardrobe with mezzanines. So, before you start working on getting comfortable, spacious, very livable housing, you need to get a modified project plan certified by a licensed project by the appropriate organization.
Typical and non-standard options for changing space
It is impossible to really change the dimensions of the apartment, but you can increase the space using non-standard solutions. There are two principles of space reorganization:
- combine all rooms, get a studio apartment, with specific zoning;
- partial combination of premises: a kitchen with a living room, a bathroom with an entrance hall, a balcony with a bedroom, and so on.
Traditionally, in such a house, the kitchen is cramped, so those who have such an apartment have a natural desire to combine it with any room and expand it. A typical kitchen is a room of 6 square meters, rectangular or square.
The most advantageous option - the kitchen is combined with the living room. Close up of an old doorway. The bathroom is expanding due to the previous passage to the kitchen. This project is indeed considered one of the most successful. After all, there is still an adjacent zone between the two rooms, which can be used as a small dining room.
For space zoning, if necessary, removable sliding partitions are used. Corner 3-room apartments are attractive with the presence of an additional window, which makes it possible to divide one large room into two with a separate window in each of them.
Studio apartment Room and balcony 
Bathroom and toilet 
Kitchen and balcony 
kitchen living room Remodeling of the bathroom and isolation of adjacent rooms
The dismantling of the bathroom will help to change the position if a functional shower cabin and a washing machine are installed in its place, which occupies free space in the kitchen. You can increase the space by combining one of the rooms with a balcony. As long as it doesn't violate the facade of the building, there won't be any problems with BTI approval. You can move household appliances from the kitchen to the balcony or arrange a cozy corner for tea drinking or an office there. Before that, the balcony is insulated and repaired.
Adjoining rooms are a disaster, even in the photo they look terrible. They cause inconvenience, especially when several people live in the apartment. By sacrificing the area of one of the rooms, you can solve this problem in an original way. A small narrow corridor extends to the end of the apartment. As a result, on both sides of the long hallway there are doors to the kitchen, bathroom and rooms are isolated.
Wall decoration
Redevelopment of a 3-room Khrushchev or another apartment is always the transfer or demolition of walls, which must not only be legalized, but also done neatly and efficiently. Demolition of load-bearing and non-load-bearing structures is a very important process that it is reasonable to entrust to specialists. The dismantling of a brick wall dividing the kitchen with a corridor or living room is justified only when there is a critical lack of space.
Often it is enough to break through the opening and gracefully decorate it. So, the space of the kitchen and living room will visually expand, which can be seen in the photo. However, if the apartment is in a series 90 building, this wall is load-bearing, so it is not possible to obtain permission to weaken it.
Little tricks:
- the effect of remoteness of the wall is given by light cold shades, a small pattern. Bring the wall closer, make the room visually smaller dark, juicy and warm tones, large pattern;
- wallpaper with a horizontal strip "spread apart" the walls.
The choice of flooring
Flooring should be given special attention. Often, initially the floors in Khrushchev apartments are made of wooden boards, the service life of which does not exceed 20-30 years. That is why, during major repairs and redevelopment, one cannot do without removing the wooden coating and screed. This is especially true for those rooms where it is planned to lay a laminate or linoleum. In rooms where it is planned to use tiles as a floor covering, leveling the surface is not necessary.
The best choice of flooring for a 3-room apartment is tile. In the case when, as a result of the combination of three rooms, a studio is obtained, there is a need for zoning. As you can see in the photo, a multi-level floor with a different coating looks original. The walls are painted in different colors, resulting in a spacious, stylishly decorated, comfortable and comfortable apartment. The walls of the non-working space are finished with decorative plaster.
Ceiling
The main rule for the design of the ceiling is that there are no volumetric lighting fixtures, but the presence of local lighting from several sources will come in handy. A low ceiling will rise if you use a light glossy stretch or mirrors. A plasterboard ceiling of several levels will make the room visually higher. Light ceiling, walls and floor will give the room a feeling of weightlessness, lightness and extra space.
When choosing tension or plasterboard structures, you should think carefully, because during installation they steal a few centimeters. Therefore, for rooms with a low ceiling, it is better to refuse such options. Here, wallpaper and paint will be more appropriate for finishing the ceiling surface, which, with the right choice, can expand the space and visually raise the ceiling.
Choice of interior style
Each style has specific area requirements. For a small apartment, minimalism would be a suitable option. Massive decoration of antique and classical styles is out of place here. An elegant, compact, contrasting interior, decorated in a minimalist style, will make it possible to use the space as efficiently as possible.
The main features of minimalism:
- light shade - the main background color (white, ivory, sand, beige);
- ease of design and tightness;
- division of space into functional zones;
- disguise lighting fixtures;
- maximum natural light.
Minimalism is not such a boring style, if you look at photos and design projects, you can be sure of this. This apartment is equipped with multifunctional transformer furniture. Wall cabinets, compact bedside tables and sliding tables are welcome. It is better to give preference to vertical furniture, rather than bulky cabinets. For the kitchen, floor-to-ceiling cabinets are ideal. Air will add glass, mirror elements. It is better to arrange furniture in the corners, freeing up the center of the room as much as possible. Examples of the correct arrangement of furniture can be seen in the selection of photos.
Many of us in our lives have seen a wide variety of apartment layouts. Indeed, in different types of multi-storey buildings, you can find apartments of the most diverse plans, which may differ not only in the nature of the location of the rooms or in the size of the living space, but also in their type. Nevertheless, all of them are subject to a fairly accurate classification, the features of which we will now consider with you.
Apartment layout types
Among the main types of apartment layouts, the following can be distinguished:
- Communal apartment
- Semi-dining room
- Gostinka
- little family
- Studio
- One-room apartment
- Two-roomed flat
- Three bedroom apartment
This classification includes almost all types of apartment layouts that exist today. Now let's take a look at what each type of apartment plan is, and what layout options it can have. It will also be interesting to learn about the features of work on the design of houses in different periods.
Communal apartment
A communal apartment (or “communal apartment”, as it is popularly called) is a single room located in a large, isolated living area. Each individual family or one person occupies one living room.
All other premises are common areas - this is an entrance hall and a corridor, a shower room or a bathroom, as well as a toilet and a kitchen.
Communal apartments became widespread after 1917, when the Bolsheviks came to power. They took away part of the living space that belonged to wealthy citizens, and forcibly settled families of communists, military and workers in their apartment.
Semi-dining room
Behind the incomprehensible and somewhat exotic name "semi-hotel" is a separate apartment of the minimum area - from 20 to 27 square meters of total area.
A distinctive feature of apartments - semi-guests can be considered a kitchen - an entrance hall. This means that almost immediately at the entrance there is a small kitchenette (usually equipped with an electric stove with two burners). And just outside the threshold you can find a washing machine or a refrigerator standing under a clothes hanger - on the minimum area of \u200b\u200bthese apartments, all furnishings and household appliances must be placed very compactly.
Of course, it is difficult for a large family to accommodate in such an apartment, but for one or two people it is quite suitable.
Apartment - semi-hotel Gostinka
A gostinka or a hotel-type apartment is a separate small-sized one-room apartment with a small kitchen, which is often located in a niche. In addition, a miniature entrance hall is also included in the total area of the hotel. There is only one window in the whole apartment.
Apartments - hotels also cannot boast of a large area In the Soviet Union, hotel-type apartments were massively built to accommodate workers in factories and factories in the 60s of the 20th century. In those days, having your own apartment, even the smallest one, was a great success.
little family
Small family - also refers to small apartments, and is characterized by a small area. So, the size of a living room can start from 9 square meters.
In fact, small families are a type of housing intermediate between dorm rooms and separate apartments.
The composition of the apartment - a small family includes a living room of a standard area (from 16 to 20 square meters) or a reduced size (9 - 12 square meters), a separate kitchen with a window, a combined bathroom with a bath (usually sitting) and a miniature hallway.
Small families can be accommodated in apartment buildings with a height of 5, 9 or 12 floors. On each floor there are a large number of apartments (from 10 to 20). They can be reached through a long common corridor.
The interior of a one-room apartment - a small family Studio
A studio is a small one-room apartment of a modern type. Features of its layout are that the kitchen and living room are a single whole.
One-room apartment - studio This type of layout has its advantages (it creates a feeling of more space), as well as disadvantages - there is a need for well-thought-out design so that all design elements look harmonious.
Apartment design - studio One-room apartment
A full-fledged one-room apartment is a separate apartment that has one living room of various sizes. The bathroom is often also combined - however, the bath in it is of a standard size, and the toilet is located at some distance from it.
At the same time, there is a separate corridor of various sizes and a separate kitchen room (usually relatively small). And in a one-room apartment, there may additionally be built-in pantries for storing various things and wall niches.
According to the type of construction of multi-storey buildings, one-room apartments are divided into the following:
- » Khrushchevs»- named after one of the leaders of the USSR - General Secretary N. S. Khrushchev, under whom houses with small apartments, low ceilings and very miniature kitchens were massively built. Their area reached 5 - 6 square meters, which is clearly not enough to accommodate a family of even two or three people. But people were glad to receive even such a separate apartment.
Layout of a one-room apartment - Khrushchev - » Brezhnevka»- were named after the next Secretary General L. I. Brezhnev. At that time, the construction of multi-storey buildings began, in which there were apartments with high ceilings and a larger area of \u200b\u200bthe premises. In addition, the layout of apartments is being improved, and the kitchen area is being increased to 7-9 square meters.
Design of a one-room apartment - Brezhnevka - Modern one-room apartments apartments are characterized by increased planning comfort and an even larger kitchen area, which is never less than 8-9 square meters. At the same time, not only a linear type of arrangement of rooms is possible, but also a "vest" (the window in the living room faces one side, and in the kitchen - on the other).
Two-roomed flat
A two-room apartment is a full-fledged separate apartment, which has two rooms of different sizes, a corridor, a kitchen and a bathroom, often separate.
Depending on the design features of a multi-storey building, the layout of two-room apartments can vary into three main types:
- linear layout- assumes the location of the rooms in the apartment in one line. Thus, all windows face one side of the house.
- Layout "vest"- suggests the location of the rooms on different sides. Accordingly, the windows face two sides of the house. This is very convenient, because one side can be sunny and the other shady.
Sample layout "vest" - end layout- takes into account the presence of a window in the end part of the building. Thus, a two-room apartment has a three-way view.
Three bedroom apartment
A three-room apartment is a separate full-fledged apartment of various types of layout, which consists of three living rooms, an entrance hall, a corridor, a bathroom (usually a toilet and a bathroom are separate) and a kitchen. In addition, three-room apartments should have at least one balcony, or even a balcony and a loggia.
Three-room apartments are distinguished by a wide variety of layout types and the location of rooms relative to the sides of the house. Of course, three-room apartments are more spacious and therefore more comfortable for a large family.
Depending on the period of construction of the house, the three-room apartments located in it can be divided into the following types:
- "Stalinki" - three-room apartments with a total area of 57 - 85 square meters, spacious and comfortable, with high ceilings and a convenient location of isolated rooms. The kitchen area can reach 15 square meters. It is easy to guess that they were built during the time of I.V. Stalin (in the 30s - 50s of the XX century).
- "Khrushchev" - three-room apartments with a total area of 48 - 56 square meters. The apartments of this layout are very small, with walk-through or adjacent rooms and low ceilings. In addition, the kitchen area is very small - only 6 square meters. Houses with a similar layout of apartments began to be built during the time of General Secretary N. S. Khrushchev (since 1956) - and their construction continued until 1985. At the same time, the nature of the buildings changed slightly.
- "Brezhnevka" - these are apartments of several types, more often in high-rise buildings built during the tenure of Leonid Brezhnev as General Secretary of the USSR. The total area of a three-room apartment of this type is 48 - 56 square meters, but at the same time, options for an improved layout were implemented. In addition, an important advantage of this type of apartments are rooms isolated from each other. Sometimes the layout is such that it is very easy to make rooms isolated.
- "Czechs" - in the apartments of the Czech layout, the total area is 68 - 75 square meters. The rooms are isolated from each other, the bathroom is separate, and the kitchen area is 8-12 square meters. In such an apartment, as a rule, there is a balcony and a loggia.
Plan of a three-room apartment - "Czechs" Open plan apartments
The free layout of apartments implies the presence of a large number of premises (more than three living rooms) and is characterized, respectively, by an increased area. Such apartments were built in different periods, so among them you can find "Stalinka" and "Brezhnevka", "Czech" and modern apartments in monolithic houses.
However, in the technical documents for the apartment there is no definition of "open plan", so this name can only be heard from real estate sellers. However, for an open-plan apartment they are of great interest, because they provide an opportunity to show their imagination and embody the most daring creative ideas.
