Предлагаю Вам подборку разноуровневых упражнений на отработку темы «Времена глагола» в английском языке. Уровень упражнений варьируется от Pre-Intermediate до Upper – Intermediate. В упражнениях проверяется только активный залог. Все упражнения предлагаются с ответами. English Tenses Exercises are here!
Упражнения на времена английского глагола. Уровень Pre-Intermediate.
Упражнение 1. Join the two parts of sentences.
1. Fred plays tennis... 2. Fred is playing tennis... 3. Fred has played tennis... 4. Fred played tennis... 5. Fred was playing tennis... 6. Fred will play tennis... |
a) every Monday. b) for several times. c) at the moment. d) at that time. f) when he was 15. |
Упражнение 2. Copy the sentences and note if they refer to the present, past or future. Write the tense against each sentence.
Example: He cut his finger with a knife. (Simple Past)
- He often cuts himself.
- What time did John arrive?
- I never forget anything.
- Are you sitting comfortably?
- We drank a lot of Coke at the party.
- It was raining all night.
- The train will leave in a few minutes.
- I put on a clean shirt yesterday.
Упражнение 3. Put the following sentences into the correct tense: , or , Present Perfect.
- I ________ (listen) to the radio while Mary __________ (cook) dinner.
- You __________ (buy) this book yesterday?
- Last Friday Jill __________ (go) home early because she __________ (want) to see a film.
- When your brother usually __________ (get) home in the evening?
- Jane always __________ (bring) us a nice present.
- What those people __________ (do) in the middle of the road?
- You __________ (read) this book?
- While Fred __________ (sleep), Judy __________ (watch) TV.
- When I __________ (be) young, I __________ (think) Mary __________ (be) nice - but now I __________ (think) she’s fantastic.
- Jill __________ (walk) home when she __________ (see) her husband’s car outside the cinema
- Look there! Sue and Tim __________ (run) to school.
- Jack’s father __________ (not work) in London - he __________ (not speak) English.
- Joe __________ (buy) a car yesterday.
- Their father often __________ (go) to rock concerts.
- While you __________ (sleep), mother __________ (arrive).
Упражнение 4. Исправьте ошибки.
- When she was younger, she has played tennis every day.
- It’s already 10:00, but Jane hasn’t finished her homework already.
- Joe crashed his car three times since Christmas.
- Did you done your homework, or have you been watching TV?
- Karl has been driving since five years.
- This hotel has been already in business for twenty years.
Упражнения на времена английского глагола. Уровень Intermediate.
Упражнение 5. Put the verbs in brackets in the correct tense form (Present Simple, Present Perfect, Present Continuous, Past Simple, Past Continuous).
- Alice ... (not to take) the bus to school every day. She usually ... (to walk) to school...
- (to take) … you the bus to get to school or ... (to walk) you?
- Who is this man? I ... (to think) that I ... (to know) him, but I ... (to forget) his name.
- The children ... (to have) a good time in the park yesterday. They ... (to give) small pieces of bread to the ducks. Then they ... (to take) pictures of themselves.
- Where are the children? They ... (to watch) TV in the room now. Some minutes ago they ... (to play) a game.
- Now I am in my class. I... (to sit) at my desk. I always ... (to sit) at the same desk.
Упражнение 6 . Раскройте скобки употребляя глаголы в Present Simple, Future Simple, Present Continuous или поставьте конструкцию .
- When you_____ (know) your examination results?
- Kathy_____ (travel) to Caracas next month to attend a conference.
- Do you have any plans for lunch today? — I _____ (meet) Shannon at the Sham Cafe in an hour. Do you want to join us?
- I ____ (buy) a bicycle for my son for his birthday next month. Do you know anything about bikes for kids? - Sure. What do you want to know?
- How do you like your new job? - I don’t start it until tomorrow. I_____ (give) you an answer next week.
- I suppose he_____ (talk) about his new invention.
- Why are you packing your suitcase? — I_____ (leave) for Los Angeles in a couple of hours.
- My regular doctor, Dr. Jordan, _____ (attend) a conference in Las Vegas next week, so I hope I _____ (meet) her partner, Dr. Peterson, when I _____ (go) for my appointment next Friday.
- What time class _____ (begin) tomorrow morning? — It_____ (begin) at eight o’clock sharp.
- The coffee shop _____ (open) at seven o’clock tomorrow morning. I’ll meet you there at 7:15. — Okay. I’ll be there.
Упражнение 7. Раскройте скобки употребляя глаголы в Future Continuous, Present Continuous, Future Simple или поставьте конструкцию to be going + to inf.
- At 5 o’clock tomorrow he _______ (work).
- He can’t come at noon tomorrow because he _______ (give) a lesson at that time.
- She_______ (read) an interesting book the whole evening tomorrow.
- At 10 o’clock tomorrow morning he_______ (talk) to his friend.
- You will recognize her when you see her. She_______ (wear) a yellow hat.
- He_______ (have a party) on Saturday 4th December in London at 10 pm.
- In the next days you _______ (visit) famous sights.
- Jeanne and Paul_______ (move) to London next month.
- Leave the washing up. -I _______ (do) it later.
- This time tomorrow I _______ (lie) on the beach.
- Look out! You _______ (spill) your tea!
Упражнение 8. Упражнение раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Continuous, Present Perfect, Present Perfect Continuous, Past Simple.
- Aren’t you about to finish with the dishes? You _______ (wash) the dishes for thirty minutes or more. How long can it take you to wash the dishes?
- We _______ (go) to the Steak House restaurant many times. The food is excellent.
- A: What is that sound? B: A car alarm _______ (ring) somewhere down the street. It _______ (drive) me crazy -I wish it would stop! It _______ (ring) for more than twenty minutes.
- Can you translate this note from Stockholm? I understood Swedish when I _______ (be) a child, but I _______ (forget) it all.
- What’s that dent in the side of the car? You _______ (have) an accident?
- I’m sorry, John’s not here; he _______ (go) to the dentist. He _______ (have) trouble with a tooth for some time.
- This cassette recorder is broken. You _______ (play) about with it?
- Your Italian is very good. You _______ (study) it long?
- Do you mind if I clear the table? You _______ (have) enough to eat?
- Ann never _______ (go) camping. She _______ (not sleep) in a tent.
- Frank, where have you been? We _______ (wait) for you since 1 p.m.
- I’m not surprised he _______ (fail) that exam. He _______ (not / work) hard recently.
Упражнение 9. Pаскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Perfect, Past Simple или Present Perfect Continuous.
- Oh no! The children _______ (cook). Look at the state of this kitchen!
- How many times Wendy _______ (be) late for work this week?
- I’m going to give that cat some food. It _______ (sit) on the doorstep for hours. I’m sure it’s starving.
- I _______ (do) grammar exercises all morning. I deserve a treat for lunch.
- You _______ (not / buy) your mother a present? That’s really mean of you.
- She _______ (work) in Australia for 2 years. Then she moved.
- Now where are my keys? This is the third time I _______ (lose) them today
- You _______ (ever/play) chess? You should try it. I’m sure it’s the sort that you’d like.
- Oh do be quiet. You _______ (grumble) all day!
- Your tennis _______ (really / improve)! You _______ (practice) in secret?
Упражнения на времена английского глагола. Уровень Upper -Intermediate.
Упражнение 10. Подчеркните правильно выбранное время.
- I am writing in connection with the advertisement which appeared / has appeared on 12 April.
- I originally studied/ have studied chemistry at university. I graduated / have been graduating with a first-class degree.
- I now completed / have now completed a postgraduate degree in administration.
- I’ve been trying / I’ve tried to find a permanent job for a considerable time.
- Indeed, I have already worked /I have already been working for several companies on a temporary basis.
- In my first job, I was / have been responsible for marketing,
- I’ve been applying / have applied for several posts this year but I did not manage / have not managed to find what I’m looking for.
- The last job I applied / have applied for required applicants to speak some Japanese,
- I started learning / have been learning Spanish a few months ago I did not obtain / have not obtained a qualification in it yet.
- I did not apply / have not applied for a job with your company before.
- I hoped / have hoped that you would consider my application favourably.
- However, I have been waiting/ have waited for a reply for weeks and I still have not received / did not receive any answer.
Упражнение 11. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Perfect, Past Simple или Present Perfect Continuous.
- Today is Thursday, and John ________ (be) late twice this week; he________ (be) late yesterday and on Monday.
- I first________ (meet) George a month ago, and I ________ (meet) him several times since then.
- It is October now, and we ________ (do) a lot of work this year; we ________ (do) a lot last year too.
- She ________ (buy) a coat last winter, but she________ (not / buy) a new dress since 2008.
- It’s only the middle of the month, and he________ (spend) (already) most of his salary; he ________ (spend) $60 yesterday,
- I ________ (break) my leg in 1991, but I ________ (break) (never) my arm.
- He’s over sixty, and he’s still working. He ________ (work) hard all his life. When he ________ (be) a young man, he sometimes ________ (work) all night.
- The postman ________ (come) at eight yesterday, but it’s now half past eight and he ________ (not / come) yet.
- Today is May 25th. Ted ________ (not / be) absent this month.
- He ________ (feel) extremely ill when he went to hospital, but he ________ (feel) much better since he came out of hospital a month ago.
Ответы:
Упражнение 1.
1 – a, 2 – c, 3 – b, 4 – f,5 – d, 6 – e.
Упражнение 2.
1 Present Simple/indefinite, 2 Past Simple/Indefinite, 3 Present Simple/indefinite, 4 Present Continuous/Progressive, 5 Past Simple/Indefinite, 6 Past Continuous/Progressive, 7 Future Simple / Indefinite, 8 Past Simple/Indefinite
Упражнение 3.
1 was listening / was cooking, 2 did you buy, 3 went / wanted, 4 does your brother usually get, 5 brings, 6 are people doing, 7 have you read, 8 was sleeping / was watching, 9 was /thought /was / think, 10 was walking / saw, 11 are running, 12 doesn’t work / doesn’t speak, 13 bought, 14 goes, 15 were sleeping / arrived.
Упражнение 4.
1 has played ->played, 2 already -> yet, 3 crashed -> has crashed, 4 Did ->have, 5 since -> for, 6 has been already -> has already been
Упражнение 5.
1 doesn’t take /walks, 2 Do you take / Do you walk, 3 think / know /have forgotten, 4 had / gave /took, 5 are watching / were playing, 6 am sitting / sit
Упражнение 6.
1 will you know, 2 is travelling, 3 am meeting, 4 am going to buy, 5 will give, 6 is going to talk, 7 am leaving, 8 is attending / will meet /go, 9 does class begin / begins, 10 opens.
Упражнение 7.
1 will be working, 2 will be giving, 3 will be reading, 4 will be talking, 5 will be wearing, 6 will be having / is having, 7 will visit, 8 are moving, 9 will do, 10 will be lying, 11 will spill
Упражнение 8.
1 have been washing, 2 have gone, 3 is ringing/ is driving /has been ringing, 4 was /have forgotten, 5 have you had, 6 has gone / has had, 7 have you played, 8 have you been studying, 9 have you had, 10 has never gone / has never slept, 11 have been waiting, 12 has failed, hasn’t been working
Упражнение 9.
1 have been cooking, 2 has Wendy been, 3 has been sitting, 4 have been doing, 5 haven’t you bought, 6 worked, 7 have lost, 8 have you ever played, 9 have been grumbling, 10 has really improved, have you practiced
Упражнение 10
1 appeared, 2 studied / graduated, 3 have now completed, 4 I’ve been trying, 5 have already worked, 6 was, 7 have applied / have not managed, 8 applied, 9 started learning/ have not obtained, 10 have not applied, 11 have hoped, 12 have been waiting/ have not received
Упражнение 11.
1 has been / was, 2 met /have met, 3 have done / did, 4 bought / hasn’t bought, 5 has already spent / spent, 6 broke / have never broken, 7 has been working hard / was / worked, 8 came / hasn’t come, 9 hasn’t been, 10 felt / has felt
На сайте есть упражнения на все времена английского глагола, а также примеры предложений в разных временах. Найти все это можно в рубрике .
- Посмотрите на определения. Заполните пропуски.
- necklace - socks - tie - watch - gloves - belt - scarf - earrings
Ваше мнение об этом
1. You wear it around your neck in winter. It"s a .
2. Men often wear these around their necks to work. It"s a .
3. You wear it to know the time. It"s a .
4. You wear them in your ears. They are .
5. You wear them on your hands, usually in winter. They are .
6. Women wear it around their neck at a party. It"s a .
7. You can wear it with pants, jeans, shorts or a skirt. It"s a .
8. You put them on your feet, under your shoes. They are .
Заполните пропуски.
Выбрать из: playing - guitar - chess - watching - listening - doing
- He doesn"t like tennis.
2. They don"t like playing .
3. He doesn"t like homework.
4. I like TV.
5. She likes to music.
6. I don"t like playing the .
It’s December. The weather is but inside it’s hot. There are no cheap clothes at the fashion show. All of the clothes are .
There are many beautiful people here but one woman has an dog. Its name is Pasha. Inside it’s very clean but outside is a little . The building is but the room is quite small.
One girl is wearing a green dress and a big bracelet. Another girl is wearing a blue skirt and a long, gold necklace…
- Заполните пробелы, используя "when" или "how often".
1. does Mick get up? At six o"clock.
2. does Mick do yoga? He does yoga every day.
3. does Jill do her homework? She does her homework at night.
4. does Mick play basketball? He plays basketball every week.
5. does Mick walk the dog? He walks the dog once a day.
6. does Mick watch movies? He watches movies in the evening, on Saturday.
- Составьте текст, используя правильные формы глаголов. Заполните пропуски.
James lives in London. He (get) up at 6am every day. He (walk) the dog in the morning and (do) yoga in the afternoon. He (do) the ironing on Saturday afternoon and he (do) the shopping on Sunday morning. He (make) dinner every night and he (make) the bed every morning. He (set) the table before he (eat) dinner and he (wash) the dishes after he (eat) dinner.
James (do) the laundry on Sunday afternoon and he (mop) the floor on Monday. He (pay) the bills every month. He (do) the housework every day.
James (go) jogging at the weekend with his friends. Sometimes he (watch) movies. He doesn’t (play) the guitar but he (play) computer games. He doesn’t (do) his homework because he isn’t a student. He sometimes (do) the gardening. He usually (surf) the internet in the afternoon. He (play) basketball once a month. He doesn’t (eat) out.
simple present | simple past | simple present | simple past | |||
give | ||||||
I moved to a new flat .
I continued cleaning .
I went shopping.
I had a housewarming party .
I had breakfast comfortably in the clean kitchen.
Составьте предложения, содержащие союзы ‘and’ или ‘but’. Заполните пропуски.
There"s a sofa in the living room there isn"t a fridge.
The carpet in the dining room is beautiful the rug in the kitchen is ugly.
There"s a bed a chair in his bedroom there isn"t a chair in my bedroom.
The sink the bath are white the toilet is blue
Заполните пропуски.
bathing suit - tent - flashlight - raincoat - sunscreen - map - sleeping bag - backpack
I’m going to wear my if the weather’s cold and wet.
You’ll get lost- you don’t have a .
I’m not going to go swimming. I forgot my .
This is so heavy! How much did you pack?
Lucky they had a last night, it was so dark.
I’m going to stay in a tonight. Will it be cold? What if it rains?
What a good sleep I had last night. This is warm and comfortable.
It’s hot and sunny today. Don’t forget to wear or you’ll get sunburn.
Английского языка. Какие уровни бывают, в чем разница между ними и зачем вообще существует это деление.
Сегодня подробно обсудим уровень Beginner - начальный уровень английского языка . Те, кто только собирается начать учить английский, узнают:
Кто такие «ложные начинающие»
Что вас ждет, и что проходят на уровне Beginner
Что вы будете знать и уметь, пройдя начальный курс
Какой выбрать учебник английского языка для начинающих
Уровень Beginner или Starter?
Уровень Beginner – это самый первый, начальный уровень английского языка. Английский с нуля. Его еще называют Starter, но суть от этого не меняется.
Beginner, или starter, это тот, кто не учил язык ни в школе, ни в институте, не ходил на курсы и к репетиторам. Это тот, кто не говорит на английском, максимум – yes, no, hello. Это тот, кто знает пару-тройку слов, но не более того. Чистая доска! Невинное создание!
Понятно, что нынче таких почти не встретишь. Все так или иначе сталкиваются с английским – кто-то путешествует, кто-то по работе. Да и в нашей русскоязычной среде постоянно мелькают английские слова. И захочешь - не спрячешься от английского))
Даже те, кто никогда и ни за что не занимался английским, знают парочку фраз, например:
вездесущие
Do you speak English?
Moscow is the capital of Russia.
фразы из любимых песен и фильмов
международные слова – sandwich, football
слова, связанные с путешествиями – check-in, gate, passport control
Кто такой false beginner (ложный начинающий)
False beginner – это примерно как лже-Дмитрий)) Дмитрием Начинающим прикидывается, но Дмитрием начинающим не является.
Такие ложные начинающие обычно говорят:
Английский я учил в школе, но это было давно и неправда, я все забыл. Мне бы в группу для начинающих
Таких лже-Дмитриев я отправляю прямиком в группу уровня Elementary. А все потому, что через месяц-другой занятий они резко вспоминают английский и восстанавливают, что знали. Им становится скучно с настоящими бегиннерами, а последним за ними не угнаться.
Так что, если вы когда-то учили английский, добро пожаловать на уровень Elementary.
Beginner - это все-таки английский с нуля.
Надо сказать, что Starter – самый редкий зверь. У меня за 15 лет преподавания настоящих бегиннеров было человек 5. И это не только моя статистика.
Учебник английского языка для начинающих
Учебников для начинающих – много. Любое солидное
издательство (Oxford, Cambridge, Macmillan, Pearson) выпускает несколько линеек
пособий, среди которых обязательно есть учебник английского языка для начинающих. Называться при этом учебник может либо Beginner, либо Starter.
Выбирайте любой, какой нравится вам и вашему преподавателю:
- New English File
- Speakout
- New Headway
- Cutting Edge и другие
Полистайте и выберите тот, который приятнее держать в руках)) Ибо, как вы увидите, любой учебник английского языка для начинающих предлагает похожее содержание.
Что проходят на уровне Beginner
Однако, какой учебник английского языка для начинающих ни возьми, изучают везде примерно одно и то же. Покажу на примере моих любимых коммуникативных учебников и .
Что проходят на уровне Beginner/Starter
Грамматика | Лексика | Произношение | (Коммуникативные) ситуации, практические навыки |
- глагол to be
:
- притяжательные местоимения и притяжательное "s - прилагательные - Present Simple
- can и can"t - Past Simple, утверждения, отрицания и вопросы:
- There was/there were - Объектные местоимения me, him, her, etc. - Глагол like + -ing - Going to:
| - цифры от 0 до 100 Страны и национальности Повседневные предметы Члены семьи Цвета и часто употребимые Часто употребимые глаголы Еда и напитки Профессии Ежедневные действия и рутины Предлоги времени и места | - отдельные звуки Ударение в словах Ударение и ритм в предложениях Произношение окончаний слов
| - познакомиться, представиться, рассказать о себе, представить кого-то - обменяться контактами - описать предмет - узнать и сказать, который час и день/дата - рассказать о своем типичном дне - узнать, сколько стоит товар - узнать и правилах: что можно и что нельзя - рассказать о прошлом: где был и что делал вчера/на прошлой неделе - выразить мнение, спросить чье-то мнение - рассказать и узнать о планах на будущее - выразить прогноз на будущее - в аэропорте: услышать нужную информацию - в гостинице:
- в городе: спросить дорогу |
А теперь немного подробнее и с примерами о том, чему учатся на уровне Beginner.
Чему учатся на уровне Beginner
Грамматика:
– основные, базовые, простые конструкции для повседневного общения
- Существительные и прилагательные не склоняются, не изменяются по родам.
- Форма глагола слабо меняется при спряжении в любом из времен.
- При спряжении глаголов в разных временах важную роль играют "вспомогательные глаголы" "иметь", "быть", формы причастия глагола (подробнее в специальном разделе ).
Английский глагол
Мы очень скоро познакомимся с , в которой много форм глаголов, но пока нас интересует лишь одна форма английского глагола: (простое) настоящее время. В таблице ниже глагол like меняет окончание только в третьем лице ед. ч.:
Английское существительное
Существительные не склоняются (то есть не меняют окончаний). Сестра , сестру , сестре , сестрой и т.п. - по-английски пишется и звучит одинаково: sister . Весьма непривычная особенность для начинающих учить язык, но понадобиться не так много времени, чтобы привыкнуть к ней. Упрощенно этот факт можно пояснить так: в отличие от русского языка, роль существительного в английском языке зависит от его положения в предложении, поэтому нет надобности менять окончание.
Сравните две фразы на русском языке: «Папа часто звонит маме.» и «Маме часто звонит папа.» . Смысл фраз одинаковый, и употреблено ли существительное в роли подлежащего (папа) или дополнения (маме) легко определяется при помощи окончаний вне зависимости от порядка слов в предложении.
В английском языке важен порядок слов : существительное в начале предложения играет роль подлежащего, после глагола - дополнения. Поэтому фразы «Dad often calls mom.» и «Mom often calls dad.» имеют разное значение.
Во множественном числе у существительных, как правило, прибавляется окончание -s . С некоторыми особенностями этого правила мы познакомимся уже в следующем уроке (см. Множественное число).
Уроки помогут начинающим изучать английский видеть эти элементы и правильно их комбинировать.
Оставьте всякий страх перед грамматикой, читайте уроки и смело выполняйте упражнения!
В упражнении :
- в первом блоке - впишите пропущенное местоимение (для проверки можно нажимать ENTER );
- во втором блоке - переведите словосочетания с русского языка на английский ;
- в третьем блоке - прослушайте и выберите тот вариант, который точно соответствует озвученной фразе .
начать упражнение
Первые английские слова
Упрощенная транскрипция (услышать фразы можно в упражнениях ):
- большая гласная буква обозначает ударение;
- двойная буква или двоеточие обозначают долготу звука.
- действующее лицо
(местоимения-подлежащие)
I [ ай ] я - пишется всегда с большой буквы you [ йу ] ты , вы - в английском языке нет различия между "ты " и "вы " we [ уи ] мы - совет начинающим: чтобы правильно произнести подобные звуки (w+гласный) - необходимо приготовить органы речи к произнесению звука [ у ] , а затем быстро перейти к произношению следующего за ним гласного звука, в русской транскрипции мы будем чаще всего писать русскую букву "у"+гласный. Не путайте данный звук со звуком [ в ] they [ Зей ] они - здесь английский звук "з" - межзубный, т.е. кончик языка попадает в узкую щель между зубами, а звук прорывается между языком и зубами, мы будем обозначать его большой буквой [З] - действие (глаголы)
- объекты действия
(существительные-дополнения)
sister [ сИстэ ] сестра friend [ френд ] друг house [ хАус ] дом respect [ риспЕкт ] уважение coffee [ кОфи ] кофе tea [ ти: ] чай book [ бук ] книга - местоимения-прилагательные (обозначают принадлежность предмета )
▲ Перейти к упражнению
Задача первых уроков:
- познакомиться со служебными словами;
- научиться понимать структуру английского предложения.
Как выглядит английская грамматика по уровням?
В этом посте подробно обсудим, какую грамматику проходят на разных уровнях изучения английского - от начального до продвинутого. Увидим примеры этой грамматики и проведем небольшой тест.
На всякий случай напомню, что грамматика - это всего лишь один аспект изучения языка. Нужный, полезный, да. Но далеко не единственный.
А как было бы хорошо - выучил грамматику и, считай, освоил английский))
Английская грамматика по уровням
Вы увидите, что частенько на разных уровнях повторяется одна и та же грамматика. Подробнее о том, почему так происходит, в . Вкратце же:
- не все грамматические конструкции усваиваются с первого раза (повторение - мать учения)))
- на низких уровнях явления рассматриваются отдельно друг от друга, а на более высоких уровнях - сравниваются между собой
- по мере улучшения уровня английского выясняется, что у каждой грамматической конструкции есть нюансы и тонкости, о которых коварные преподаватели до поры до времени молчат, чтобы не создавать путаницу
Английская грамматика по уровням - в разных учебниках - выглядит примерно одинаково. Поэтому за основу возьму один из самых популярных учебников - English File.
Кстати, эта английская грамматика по уровням может быть своего рода тестом. Загляните в любой раздел и посмотрите - понимаете ли вы предложения с примерами грамматики? Но - что еще важнее - используете ли вы такие конструкции в речи? Если нет, возможно, это пока не ваш уровень. Если да, перейдите в следующий уровень и проделайте то же самое.
Английская грамматика по уровням - короткий путь в нужный раздел:
Грамматика уровня Beginner / Starter
На уровне Beginner проходят основы основ - самые простые конструкции. Одновременно - и самые важные, потому что на них будет основана вся сложная грамматика более высоких уровней.
На этом уровне много внимания уделяется формам - опять-таки, чтобы достичь определенного автоматизма в простых вещах, вроде I am, you are, he is. Грамматические конструкции на уровне Beginner в основном рассматриваются отдельно друг от друга, чтобы избежать путаницы сравнений и нюансов.
Какую грамматику проходят на уровне Beginner / Starter | Пример грамматики
|
утверждения отрицания вопросы | I"m from Russia / You"re in class 2 / He"s 30 years old. I"m not from Moscow / You aren"t late / He isn"t French. Am I late? Are you from the UK? Is he French? How are you? Where is he from? |
Единственное и множественное число | a book - books a watch - watches an umbrella - umbrellas |
this, these that, those | What"s that? What are those? |
Притяжательные местоимения | he - his / she - her / it - its |
Притяжательное "s | Maria"s children, John"s birthday, my parents" car |
Прилагательные | It"s a fast car - This car is fast They"re expensive shoes - These shoes are expensive |
утверждения отрицания вопросы | I have breakfast at home / She lives in a flat. I don"t go to work by bus / She doesn"t have a pet. Do you understand me? / Does she work here? Where do you live? / When does she start work? |
Наречия (adverbs of frequency) | always, usually often, sometimes, hardly ever, never |
Вопросы с be и do | Where are you from? / Where do you live? |
can, can"t | I can play the guitar / I can"t sing. / Can I park here? |
like, love, hate с герундием | I like swimming / I love reading I hate doing housework |
Present Continuous | I"m driving to the airport at the moment What are you doing? |
There is / there are | There is bar in this hotel but there aren"t any restaurants. |
Past Simple: was / were regular verbs (правильные глаголы) irregular verbs (неправильные глаголы) | I was born in 1988. Where were you at 7 o"clock last night? I arrived in Stockholm early in the morning. What time did you arrive? I bought some souvenirs. What did you buy? |
Present Continuous для будущего времени | I"m arriving in Venice on April 10. Where are you staying? |
Грамматика уровня Elementary
Уровень Elementary очень похож на предыдущий уровень. Скажу больше, частенько вместо Beginner мы с учениками беремся сразу за Elementary, просто чуть более тщательно его проходим.
Грамматика Elementary практически один в один повторяет грамматику предыдущего уровня.
Какую грамматику проходят на уровне Elementary | Примеры грамматики
|
to be: am / is / are утверждения отрицания вопросы | My name"s Anna / You"re early / My email address is... I"m not English / It isn"t far Where are you from? / What"s your phone number? How old are you? |
Притяжательные местоимения | I - my / you - your / we - our / they - their he - his / she - her / it - its |
Единственное и множественное число | a book - books / a watch - watches an umbrella - umbrellas a man - men, a woman - women, a person - people |
this, these that, those | What"s this? What are these? How much is this bag? What"s that? What are those? |
Прилагательные | It"s an empty box- This box is empty. They"re cheap / quite cheap / really cheap |
Повелительное наклонение (imperative) Let"s | Open the door / Sit down / Turn off your mobile. Let"s take a break / Let"s go to the cinema. |
утверждения отрицания вопросы | I wear glasses / They drink tea / It rains a lot I don"t have children / They don"t live here / It doesn"t work Do you live in a flat? / Does she speak German? What time does it open? |
Притяжательное "s Whose | Justin Bieber"s sister, George Clooney"s father Whose bag is it? |
Предлоги времени и места | at 7am, in the morning, at the weekend, in March on Monday, at school, in the park |
Наречия | always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever, never every day, twice a week, three times a year |
can / can"t | Where can I park? / I can"t hear you. |
Present Continuous | What"s happening? What are you looking at? |
Object pronouns | I - me / we - us / they - them he - him / she - her / it - it |
like / love / enjoy don"t mind hate с герундием | I like / love / enjoy reading in bed. I don"t mind cooking. I hate getting up early. |
| Are you a fan of any band? When do you usually listen to music? |
Past Simple was / were regular verbs (правильные глаголы) irregular verbs (неправильные гл.) | Where were you? I was at a party last weekend / They were angry They chatted and listened to music. What did they do? I wore a black dress. What did you wear? |
there is / there are some / any | There"s a dining room. There are three bedrooms. Are there any neighbors? There are some paintings. |
there was / there were | Was there a mini-bar in your room? There were 3 other guests. |
Исчисляемые и неисчисляемые существительные | an apple, a banana some sugar, some rice We need some sugar / There isn"t any milk. |
How much / how many a lot of, some, none | How much free time do you have? How many friends do you have on Facebook? |
Сравнительные прилагательные | A proton is heavier than an electron. Mosquitoes are more dangerous than sharks. good - better / bad - worse / far - further |
Превосходные прилагательные | It"s the longest river in the world. It"s the most popular art gallery in the world. |
Going to для планов | I"m going to travel round Europe. |
Going to для прогнозов | You"re going to like it. |
Наречия | speak fast, know him well, drive carefully |
Глаголы с инфинитивом | want to talk to you, would like to learn to cook need to stop |
Артикли | I"m a student / It"s the oldest university in Europe. |
Present Perfect | I"ve seen Harry Potter but I haven"t read the book. Have you ever eaten sushi? |
Грамматика уровня Pre-intermediate
На уровне Pre-intermediate уже начинают сравнивать разные конструкции между собой и выяснять нюансы. Почему где-то лучше сказать I study economics
, а где-то - I"m studying economics
.
Какую грамматику проходят на уровне Pre-intermediate | Пример грамматики
|
Порядок слов в вопросах | Do you speak English? What languages do you speak? Did you go out last night? Where did you go? |
Present SImple | She has a lot of hobbies. We don"t get on very well. |
Present Continuous | John is wearing a suit today! He usually wears jeans. |
Past Simple | Where did you go on holiday last year? We went to Italy. |
| When you called me, I was talking to my boss. |
союзы | although, but, so, because |
Going to планы прогнозы | What are you going to do when you leave school? We are going to be late for work! |
Present Continuous для будущих договоренностей | I"m meeting Joe at 3 o"clock. When are you coming back? |
Relative clauses | This is the restaurant where they make great pizza. |
Present Perfect yet, just, already | I"ve just started a new job. I"ve already seen this film. / Have you finished yet? |
Present Perfect и Past Simple | Have you ever been to Mexico? When did you go there? |
something / anything nothing (where / one) | Did anyone phone? No, no one. Is there anywhere to park? |
Сравнительные прилагательные и наречия | Driving is more dangerous than flying. I"m as tall as my brother. Can you speak more slowly, please? |
Превосходные прилагательные | It"s the best film I"ve seen this year. It"s the worst meal I"ve ever eaten. |
Quantifiers | how much / how many / too / enough |
will / won"t / shall прогнозы, спонтанные решения обещания и т.д. | Shall I open the window? You"ll like it. I think I"ll go home now. I"ll always love you. |
Употребление инфинитива | Try not to talk about politics. I came to this school to learn English. Be careful not to drive too fast. |
Употребление -ing form (герундия) | Waking up early in the morning makes me happy. He left without saying goodbye. |
Модальные глаголы have to, don"t have to must, mustn"t | I have to get up at seven every day. I don"t have to wear a uniform. You mustn"t leave your bags here. |
should | What do you think I should do? You should see a doctor. |
First Conditional (первое условное) | If I miss the last train, I"ll get a taxi. |
Притяжательные местоимения | mine, yours, theirs, ours his, hers, its |
Second Conditional (второе условное) | I"d do more exercise if I had more time. What would you do if you won a million dollars? |
Present Perfect for, since | How long have you lived here? I"ve known her for 15 years / since we were children. |
Passive present и past | Nowadays a lot of toys are made in China. This morning I was woken up by the neighbor"s dog. |
used to | She used to wear glasses. |
might | She might come with us, she"s not sure yet. |
| into, out of, over, along, across, through |
So do / am / did I Neither do / am / did I | I"m married. - So am I. I don"t know him. - Neither do I. |
Past Perfect | The show had already finished by the time I arrived. |
Reported speech (косвенная речь) | He said that he was hungry. She told me that her car had broken down. |
Вопросы без вспомогательных глаголов | How many people came to the meeting? Who invented the radio? |
Грамматика уровня Intermediate
На уровне Intermediate тоже сравнивают уже знакомые явления между собой и, конечно, изучают новые.
Какую грамматику проходят на уровне Intermediate | Пример грамматики
|
action / non-action | I never cook vs What are you cooking? I have a dog vs I"m having lunch I think it"s a good idea vs I"m thinking about you |
Future: will / won"t going to Present Continuous | I"ll help you. Do you think it"ll rain? You"ll love this film! I"m going to buy a new car. Barcelona are going to win. They are getting married in October. |
Present Perfect vs Past Simple | I"ve been to London before. He hasn"t found a new job yet. When did you go there? How did the interview go? |
Present Perfect Pres. Perf. Continuous for, since | They"ve known each other for 5 years / since 2010. I"ve been studying English for 10 years. How long have you been waiting? |
Степени сравнения прилагательных (comparative adj., superlative adj.) | My brother is a bit / much taller than me. This chair isn"t as comfortable as that one. It"s the most expensive city in the world. He"s the smartest person I"ve ever met. |
Артикли | I saw a nice house with a fancy porch. The porch was decorated with plants. |
can, could, be able to | I can sing. I could swim when I was 4. I"ve never been able to dance. I"d like to be able to draw. |
must / mustn"t have to / don"t have to should / shouldn"t | You must wear a seatbelt / You mustn"t exceed the speed limit. Do I have to pay now? / You don"t have to come. You should stop smoking / You shouldn"t drink so much coffee. |
Past Simple Past Continuous Past Perfect | When I got home, my family had dinnner. When I got home, my family were having dinner. When I got home, my family had had dinner. |
usually vs used to | I usually get up at 6am. I used to get up at 11 when I was unemployed. |
The Passive (все времена) | A lot of films are shot on location. The film is being shot. The film has been shot. The film will be shot on location. |
might, must, can("t) для догадок | She might like the idea. This must be difficult for you! You can"t be serious! |
First Conditional Future time clauses | The boss won"t be happy if you are late for work again. As soon as you get your exam results, call me. |
Second Conditional | What would you do if you met a celebrity? If I were you, I"d buy a new car. |
Reported speech (косвенная речь) | I asked him if he wanted to join us. She told me she had lost her wallet. |
Gerund and infinitive (герундий и инфинитив) | I"m not good at remembering names. I don"t mind getting up early. Shopping is my favorite pastime. I don"t know what to do. My house is easy to find. Try not to make a noise. |
Third Conditional | If I had known about the party, I would have gone. |
Quantifiers | I eat a lot of chocolate. She earns a lot. We have plenty of time. There aren""t enough parks. There"s too much traffic. |
Relative clauses | That"s the house where I was born. |
Question tags | They live in New York, don"t they? You aren"t angry, are you? |
Грамматика уровня Upper-intermediate
К продвинутому уровню Upper-intermediate обычно наступает просветление основы основ уже пройдены. Остается их немного повторить и приступать к интересностям и тонкостям грамматики.
Какую грамматику проходят на уровне Upper-intermediate | Примеры грамматики
|
Question formation (порядок слов в вопросах) | Are you talking about me? What are you talking about? What time does it open? |
Auxuliary verbs (вспомогательные гглаголы) | I like dogs, but my wife doesn"t. - I loved the film! - So did I. - I"ve finished. - Have you? |
the ... the ... comparatives | The sooner, the better. The longer you wait, the worse it gets. |
Present Perfect vs Present Perfect Continuous | She has been writing novels since she was a student. She"s written 30 novels. |
Adjectives as nouns Adjective order (прилагательные в качестве существительных, порядок прилагательных) | The Chinese invented paper. The poor are getting poorer. They need to create more jobs for the unemployed. I bought a beautiful Italian leather bag. |
Narrative tenses: Past Simple, Past Continuous, Past Perfect Past Perfect Continuous | We had been flying for about two hours when suddenly the captain told us to fasten our seat belts because we were flying into a thunderstorm. When this happened, most passengers hadn"t finished their meals yet. |
so ... that such ... that | There was so much traffic that we nearly missed the flight. It was such a great show that I want to see it again. |
Position of adverbs and adverbial phrases (наречия) | He walks slowly. I"ve almost finished. Ideally, we should leave at 8. |
Future Perfect Future Continuous | They will have finished painting the house by Monday. Don"t phone between 6 and 7, we"ll be having dinner then. |
Zero and First Conditionals Future time clauses | If you haven"t been to Paris, you haven"t lived. If we are lucky, we"ll have sold the house by Christmas. I"ll call you as soon as I"ve talked to the boss. |
Unreal conditionals | If you exercised more, you"d be much healthier. He would have died, if he hadn"t been wearing a helmet. |
Конструкции с wish | I wish I was 20 years younger! I wish I hadn"t bought this car! / If only I hadn"t bought ... I wish you would stop calling me at night. |
Gerunds and infinitives (герундий и инфинитив) | Remember to lock the door VS I remember locking the door. I stopped to smoke VS I stopped smoking. |
Used to, be used to, get used to | I used to live in the countryside. I was used to the peace and quiet. I can"t get used to the noise of the city. |
must have been / done might have been / done can"t have been / done | It must have been difficult for you. They might have left. I can"t have lost it. |
Verbs of the senses (глаголы восприятия) | It smells good. It feels comfortable. You look tired. Sounds interesting. |
(пассивный залог) + it is said that ... + have something done | My car has been stolen. You can be fined for making noise. The church was being renovated when I last saw it. The criminals are believed to have fled the country. I need to have my car fixed. |
Reporting verbs | He persuaded me to quit my job. She apologized for not being on time. |
Clauses of contrast and purpose (придаточные предложения противопоставления и цели) | I went to work even though I wasn"t feeling well. Although I was tired, I didin"t want to go to bed. In spite of / Despite the fact that she"s 85, she"s very active. I went to the bank in order to speak to my bank manager. I wrote it down so as not to forget. |
whatever, whenever whoever | Have a seat wherever you like. Whatever happens, stay calm. |
Uncountable and plural nouns (неисчисляемые сущ. и сущ. во множеств. числе) | I need some advice. I"ll give you two pieces of advice. It"s made of glass. Can I have a glass of water? The hotel staff is very friendly / The hotel staff are very friendly. The police are canvassing the area. |
Quantifiers | All fruit contains sugar VS All the animals in this zoo look sad. She wanted to study either physics or mathematics. |
Articles | My father is in hospital. They"re building a new hospital. |
Грамматика уровня Advanced
Какую грамматику проходят на уровне Advanced | Примеры грамматики
|
Have - auxiliary or main verb (have как вспомогательный и основной глагол) | Do you have any money on you? Have you got any cousins? I haven"t a clue. Do I have to pay now? I need to have my eyes tested. |
Discourse markers and linkers (союзы и связки) | Despite / In spite of her age, she"s still very active. Despite / In spite of the fact that she"s 85, she"s very active. I keep checking my email in case there"s an urgent message. |
Pronouns (местоимения) | They say it"s never too late to change your life. We decorated the house ourselves. |
Past events: habitual or specific Привычные и единичные события в прошлом | I"d wanted to buy a new car for a long time. I"d been saving up for 2 years and when I finally bought it, I was over the moon. I used to have a car but I don"t anymore. |
Get Значения и употребление | Let"s get a taxi. / It"s getting dark. / He might get sacked. I need to get my passport renewed. Get Jane to call me. |
Discourse markers: adverbial expressions | As a matter of fact, I don"t like football. On the whole, I believe women are better drivers than men. As far as the price is concerned... |
Speculation and deduction Догадки и предположения | I must have forgotten to lock the door. You might have been injured. It can"t have been easy. It ought to have arrived by now. |
Inversion (изменение порядка слов в предложении) | Never have I heard such a ridiculous argument. Not only is he attractive, (but) he"s also smart. Little did I know. |
Distancing | It appears that the situation is going to get worse. There seems to be a mistake in the bill. There is thought to be some tension between them. |
Unreal uses of past tenses | If only you hadn"t forgotten the map! I"d rather you left the dog outside. It"s time we stopped arguing. |
Verb + object + infinitive / gerund | We expect the bus to arrive at 7. I want Real Madrid to win. |
Conditional sentences + mixed conditionals | They won"t get a table unless they"ve booked it in advance. Provided the bank lends us the money, we"re going to buy it. If I"d listened to your advice, I wouldn"t be in trouble now. |
Permission, obligation necessity | You don"t need to take a jacket VS You needn"t lock the car. You aren"t supposed to park here. |
Verbs of the senses | You seem to have made a mistake. I saw him cross the street VS I saw him crossing the street. |
Complex gerunds and infinitives | She thanked him for having helped her. By the time I"m 30, I hope to have started a family. |
Future plans and arrangements | My brother is due to arrive at 8. I am about to get promoted. The Prime Minister is to visit India next week. |
Ellipsis | - You must see his latest film. - I already have. He did it even though I told him not to. - It wasn"t my fault. - Well, if you say so... |
Nouns -s" of compound nouns | I borrowed my mother"s car / She"s at the hairdresser"s. She"s got ten years" experience. Can you remember the name of the film? I opened the car door, got in and fastened the seat belt. |
Adding emphasis (усиление) Cleft sentences | What I need is some rest. What happened was we left our umbrellas in the taxi. The reason why I bought it was because it was cheap. |
Relative clauses | My brother who lives in Australia is a programmer. VS My brother, who lives in Australia, is a programmer. I haven"t seen him for 2 weeeks, which is a bit worrying. |
Вот и вся английская грамматика по уровням.
Неужели после уровня Advanced английская грамматика заканчивается? Нет, конечно)) Если смотреть на уровни, есть еще уровень Proficiency, но линейки разговорных курсов действительно заканчиваются на уровне Advanced.
Возможно это потому, что:
- даже амбициозному пользователю английского языка редко когда нужен уровень выше Advanced (не говоря уж про среднестатистических изучающих, которые останавливаются в районе Intermediate)
- на высоких уровнях люди уже умеют находить нужные аутентичные материалы самостоятельно и самостоятельно же организовывать свое обучение
- на высоких уровнях многие задумываются о более практическом и прицельном использовании английского - например, подготовка к международным экзаменам (IELTS, TOEFL и другие) или специализированные курсы по профессии
А тонкостей даже после уровня Advanced еще много остается!
Как вам английская грамматика по уровням?
Получилось с ее помощью определить свой уровень? Поделитесь в комментариях!