Table for assembling frame panels. Equipment for panel and frame housing construction. What does the frame house kit include?

One of the most easily erected building structures are frame houses. As you know, frame housing construction is the main type of low-rise construction in Scandinavian countries, as well as Finland, Germany and the USA.

Here we will talk about the production of frame houses (frame-panel (panel)) types, the technology for their manufacture, and also briefly consider the equipment needed for this.

Frame construction technology

There are two technologies for building frame houses:

Classic frame. With this method, the entire house is assembled and insulated directly on the construction site itself. Those. first, the entire frame (skeleton) of the building is erected, then it is sheathed with slabs on one side, and on the other, they begin to be insulated and, at the end, also sheathed with slabs.
Frame-panel (panel) technology. Its essence lies in the fact that panel panels are assembled at the factory for a particular house, which consist of several layers of various insulators and heaters, sheathed on both sides with OSB-plates, then a house is already assembled from them at the construction site. Those. here the skeleton is not erected.

The second technology comes from Germany. In addition to the production of individual parts, it provides for the assembly of structures in the factory. The output is a 90% finished German frame house. The technology is promising for the construction of wooden buildings. Large panels assembled in workshop conditions are delivered to the construction site: roof and wall parts. German frame houses favorably differ in high-quality error-free assembly of finished structures by a tower crane in a short time, which leads to the operation of the building for a long time without the need for repairs.

The advantage of the latest technology is that it takes only about a month to build a turnkey frame-panel (panel) house, while its geometry is almost perfect.

Necessary equipment

Most often, automated systems are used as equipment for the production of frame houses. The absolute leader in their production is the German company WIENMANN.

Video of the WIENMANN WEK 100 system:

There are also conventional assembly lines, where manual labor is the main one, but such equipment for the production of frame houses is more suitable for simple projects and the business itself will not be massive, because. its performance will be very small.

Production technology

Enlarged details of frame-panel houses (frame-panel) must be assembled by qualified employees of the plant, in the workshops. Production must meet all modern requirements: it must be as mechanized and automated as possible, it is desirable to use manual labor in exceptional situations, so that errors will be eliminated as much as possible.

Video of the production of frame houses at a factory in Tatarstan:

A modern house is built on the basis of a power frame, consisting of rigid rods, assembled on the basis of the principle of a crystal lattice. The basis turns out high-strength and durable. The carcass parameters are calculated by a computer program and then put into production on a high-tech line.

The basis of the houses is a frame made of dried selected wooden beams, the moisture index and geometry accuracy of which fully comply with the technological parameters entered into the database of the automatic production line. The interior and exterior walls are composed of a specific sequence of modern materials. The space between the frames is closely filled with mineral wool insulation. The drawdown or displacement of the insulation is prevented by a very dense filling of the interframe space.

The structure of the panel (shield) for a frame house. Materials and structure may vary. Finishing, of course, is done after the installation of the building

From 2 sides, the wooden frame is upholstered with OSB boards. This material is produced by pressing wood chips and resins. The resulting plates are extremely durable, moisture resistant, environmentally friendly. Inside, mineral wool insulation is fixed and protected by a vapor barrier membrane. At the final stage, the building is finished with plasterboard on the inside, on which fine plaster is subsequently applied, wallpaper is glued, and so on. Outside, the house is additionally covered with basalt insulation, polystyrene foam, and slabs. The technology allows you to build wooden houses all year round, regardless of weather conditions.

Good insulation provides comfortable living in all weather conditions and significant energy savings in housing maintenance. The rigidity and strength of the structure are sufficient for the use of frame-panel houses in earthquake-prone areas, in particular, in Japan.

Modern technology for the construction of frame-panel (panel) houses assumes successful operation for more than a hundred years.

The practice of housing construction in the countries of the USA, Canada, Germany, Finland, where the share of single-family housing is 70-80%, indicates that the most common type of construction of individual houses is a heat-insulated wooden frame. Frame technology provides the possibility of a variety of facades and house plans, the use of various materials for exterior and interior decoration, lower construction costs, excellent thermal insulation properties, high seismic resistance of buildings, the possibility of construction at any time of the year. From the point of view of the manufacturer of structures (wall panels, floor trusses, truss elements), it can be noted that in frame-panel housing construction there is a unification of the materials used, fastening methods, a small range of sections of wood blanks and types of slabs, as well as high manufacturability of structural elements.

Our company offers inexpensive workshops for the production of 150 house kits per year.

Brief description of the workshop for frame-panel housing construction.

Workshop composition:

Docking press PS-3m
Tenoning machine ShS-3m
panel saw
OSB(GB) edging machine

Optional equipment:

Transport trolleys
Wall panel shop
Shop for stacking systems
Shelving for metal-wood beams
Racks for OSB sheets and timber
roll

Photo

Technological process of production of frame-panel house sets

The entire technological process of production is divided into the following main cycles:

Cycle #1. Cutting OSB sheets and processing the edge of the sheet. Operator A cuts the OSB(GB) board on panel saw 1 and places the parts on a transport trolley. Operator B performs milling of OSB(GB) board on machine 2 for tenon-groove connection. The finished parts are put on a transport trolley.
Cycle #2. Splicing timber and its cutting. Operator B1 splices the timber using metal toothed plates (MZP). Operator B2 performs cutting on a miter saw with a gash in accordance with the terms of reference of the required angles. The cut timber is placed on a transport trolley.
Cycle #3. Production of wall panels at the assembly complex "Babochka". Operators G1, G2 assemble the frame of the wall panel on the mounting table 5, knock it down with a pneumatic gun and sheathe the frame with sheet material using pneumatic tools. Next, the panel frame is moved using the “Butterfly” system from the mounting table to the receiving table 6. On the receiving table, operators D1, D2 lay the thermal insulation and sew up with sheet material on the other side, laying kraft paper from the roll 7. The finished wall panel rises from the receiving table and transferred to the transport cart 8 and on the transport cart the panel moves to the wall panel store 9.
Cycle #4. Manufacture of trusses for the frame of the roof of the house. Operators E1, E2 manufacture truss systems on a set of equipment for assembling trusses 10 by pressing the MZP into the joints of the timber. Finished farms are installed in the store for stacking systems 11.
Cycle number 5. Production of metal-wooden beams for house floors. Operators Zh1, Zh2 on line 12 assemble elements of metal-wood beams: they install timber and metal brackets, fix them and press them in. Finished MD-beams are moved to the rack for metal-wood beams 13.

Frame and frame-panel housing construction is currently considered one of the most promising systems of wooden construction, which provides great opportunities for creating a variety of architectural and planning solutions at a relatively low cost of such houses. The design of a frame house consists of a supporting element (frame), facing materials and heat-insulating material laid between the facings. The frame is made of structural lumber or glued wood impregnated with fire and bioprotective compounds.

First of all, about the differences. Frame and frame-panel technologies differ mainly in the degree of prefabrication of elements supplied to the construction site. Frame technology involves the manufacture in the factory of only frame elements and partially a number of structures (for example, load-bearing roof trusses). The installation of the frame and subsequent operations (sheathing the frame with facing materials, laying thermal insulation, etc.) are carried out directly at the construction site.

Equipment for the production of frame houses

The next step in increasing the factory readiness of wooden house sets is the technology of frame-panel housing construction. Here, in the factory, most of the enclosing structures are assembled with their preparation for the installation of various engineering communications. In this case, a scheme is used, called the "platform frame". . The platform frame is more convenient and economical: the object is erected floor by floor, and each floor level acts as a platform, which is the base platform for assembling ready-made wall structures coming from the factory.
The construction of such a house takes no more than 2-3 weeks.
Industrial production of elements of frame and frame-panel houses is organized at enterprises equipped with special equipment, which has a different level of automation. Companies from North America, of course, have the greatest experience in the use of frame and frame-panel technologies in wooden housing construction.

Our catalog of woodworking equipment includes machines, automation systems and software for organizing the industrial production of house kits of various degrees of readiness.

This equipment includes:

Automatic and semi-automatic installations for trimming and transverse cutting of lumber for frames and truss structures,

Devices for picking and assembling trusses and sub-elements of wall panels,

Tables for assembling wall structures from sub-elements equipped with automatic tools for installing fasteners (metal toothed plates, staples and nails), as well as for sheathing finished frames with facing materials and selecting the necessary openings (window and door), drilling holes for communications and for other operations.

Depending on the wishes of the customer, the technological lines of frame housing construction can have a different level of automation, up to fully automated production, equipped with a computer control system, covering the full production cycle: from project development to finished products.

If we start from a large one, that is, from a low-rise building as a whole, there are certain prospects here. Returning to government programs, we note that in 2012 a decree came into force on the start of a program to provide residents of Russia with affordable housing for a period up to 2020, which also mentions measures to develop low-rise buildings.

The program was updated in 2014. You can familiarize yourself with it in more detail. But we note one important detail for our question - not a word is said about frame houses in the program. Although this particular type of houses, like no other, corresponds to the tasks set to promote the introduction of new modern, energy-efficient and resource-saving technologies in housing construction and the achievement of one of the key goals - to increase the affordability of housing for the population.

It is obvious that such a situation should be understood as follows: the structural design of a frame house conflicts with another important provision of the law - improving the quality of housing provision for the population. And this is directly related to the shortcomings of frame houses:

Relative fragility. If the frame itself is relatively reliable with proper design, then modern heaters are not. Their service life is about 30 years.
Extreme fire hazard. The design of the house is such that the frame house burns like a match instantly. Most likely, the fire brigade simply will not have time to save the property of the owners.
Rotting. If the price is “optimized” by low-quality timber, the frame is unlikely to last long.
Poor sound insulation in comparison with bricks, timber and even blocks.
Low environmental friendliness. Synthetic materials are used as insulation, which do not increase the popularity of this type of houses.

And you need to know about this because these are the most common objections of your potential customers. And they have to fight.

Subtleties of opening

Before you open, you should decide on the direction of activity. There are at least three of them:

Production of frame houses. You will need to open an LLC, rent a production facility and arrange it in accordance with the standards of SNiP, PUE. It will also require the purchase of production equipment, the hiring of a significant number of personnel.
Construction of frame houses. This option is much easier in terms of launch. The task of such an organization is to establish contacts with manufacturers of frame house sets, organize the receipt of orders for the construction of frame houses, draw up and coordinate construction documentation. And, ultimately, to assemble the kit at the customer's site.
Full cycle organization. This form of doing business combines the first and second options in one.

The choice depends on experience in this field. Contrary to ideas, frame construction is extremely difficult in terms of construction. In order for the design to be reliable and durable, considerable professionalism is required. Just unprofessional teams are one of the key reasons for the low popularity of this area of low-rise construction among consumers.

Therefore, the ascent of a successful entrepreneur in this area is seen in this order:

Work as an ordinary employee in an already existing organization. Studying the nuances of construction.
Creation of our own construction team for the creation of prefabricated houses.
Organization of a workshop for the creation of house kits and reaching the level of a full-cycle company.

The loss of any of these stages can negatively affect the quality of your work, and, accordingly, your popularity with customers.

Creation of production

How to organize a construction team is perhaps not the issue that deserves full coverage in this material. It is clear that at least two or three in the team must have solid experience in building frame houses. If you plan to be both an organizer and a foreman at the same time, you should be one of those people. Another 1-2 people can be hired without experience to perform ancillary work.

The creation of production is a more complex idea, so we will dwell on it in more detail.

room

For the production of house kits, a large room is required: at least 500 sq. m. The easiest way is to rent a ready-made house-building plant with equipment, if there is such an opportunity in your region. Yes, it is less profitable in the long term, but it will save money when you open it.

Otherwise, consider the following factors:

To save money, choose a place away from the city.
Not all regions have their own workshops, so give preference to regions with less competition.
Proceed from the target audience: the region should have a developed private sector (this is your main consumer) with an average income level.
The workshop must be supplied with electricity and water.
Pay attention to the entrance: heavy vehicles should easily turn around in the loading / unloading area.

Equipment

Please note that there are several technologies for the production of frame houses. The most common in Russia are Finnish and Canadian. Study the special literature about their advantages and disadvantages in advance, because the purchase of equipment depends on it. May be required:

Format cutting machine.
Sheet edge processing machine.
Press for splicing timber.
Automatic saw.
Assembly complex.
Truss assembly equipment.
Equipment for the assembly of beams.
Docking press.
Tenoning machine.

This is just the basic equipment. Add cargo here (hand trucks, loaders, hoists), racks, wall panel stores and rafters.

In addition, do not forget about a computer with software for creating projects such as Autocad, 3D Max (respectively, and about the employee who will work with this).

Selling companies do not disclose equipment prices. You can get full information about them upon request. But already by the number of technical means it is clear that the equipment of the workshop will have to be spent thoroughly.

Sales and payback

The costs of the construction team for the launch are minimal and they can be “recaptured” in one completed order. Of the regular expenses, there can only be advertising: "outdoor advertising" in the private sector and cottage villages, printed in local newspapers with ads, the creation of a website and its promotion.

When organizing production, it is worth considering this point more seriously. It is necessary to take into account the seasonal factor of the business. The main sales are carried out from spring to the end of summer. The off season starts in autumn. Calculate how many house kits you need to sell per season so that the company pays off in no more than 3-4 years.

A rather high margin on the house kit will come to the rescue. The average cost starts from 7 thousand rubles per sq. m. m. That is, a house of 100 square meters. m costs, according to a rough estimate, 700 thousand rubles. The finished house kit will cost about 1.4-1.5 million for the consumer. Excluding taxes and other expenses, each house kit will bring the organization at least 500 thousand rubles.

Moreover, the advantage of the position of the manufacturer is that there are few creators of house kits, and there are many construction teams. Finding 5-6 teams of builders and getting orders from them is not so difficult. Alternatively, you can create your own retail line. The house kit is sold with detailed assembly instructions, so some buyers take on the assembly themselves. Especially when it comes to a country house, the requirements for which are less.

Eventually

The sphere of construction can be considered a conditionally promising undertaking. The main advantages are the low cost of producing a house kit and a high margin. The main disadvantage is the predominantly negative attitude towards such buildings in society. If in Canada and the USA more than 70% of the low-rise housing stock is made up of frame houses, in our country their share hardly exceeds 5-10% (unfortunately, there are no exact statistics).

You will have to focus only on summer residents or take on the difficult mission of changing public opinion. But for this you will have to try very hard and pay great attention to quality. However, doing your job right is a condition for any company in any industry.

The manufacture of frame houses has become a very popular technology in recent times in the construction of private and commercial buildings. Due to the availability of raw materials, the use of energy-efficient technologies, the ability to simply make a house and assemble it on the site, this method is in great demand. Learn what frame building kits are selling, how to choose the best one and build your own house.

Frame house: the advantages of technology

Assembling a frame house has advantages over other building construction methods:

The house is being built at a fast pace. Even an inexperienced person can build it in two months.
The technology of a frame house is very simple, so it’s really possible to build it even by yourself.
it one of the cheapest ways to build a house, as opposed to purchasing a finished home or using other construction options.
At any stage of construction work, you can pause (for example, due to lack of money), and this will not cause the gradual destruction of the entire frame.
You can purchase house kits with a complete set and then construction will become an even easier task.

It is not for nothing that the governments of many countries after natural disasters give the victims frame houses for self-assembly, because this is the fastest and most reliable construction technology.

Construction technology of frame houses

A frame house can be built using one of the following technologies:

Classic. All materials are brought to the site, after which the house is assembled and insulated. They start with the construction of the "skeleton" of the building, and then it is insulated and sheathed with wooden slabs, after which they do the interior decoration.
Shield technology. There is a factory of frame houses, where shield panels are made, which are a finished section of the wall. The shield panel consists of OSB-boards, heaters and insulators. To order a frame house house kit from the factory, just go to the official website of the manufacturer and select the appropriate model. Then, shields will be made at the factory, which the builders will assemble on the site into a finished house.

Shield technology was invented in Germany. Its advantage is that a ready-made frame house is for sale, in which, after assembly, almost nothing needs to be done. First, the foundation is prepared, and then finished panels are brought to this place. It can be sections of walls, roofs, floors.

German buildings are famous for their high quality, precision parts, fast production and subsequent assembly. Thanks to these advantages, the house lasts a very long time and does not require repair at all. From the time of the order to the delivery of the house, it takes up to six months, and a maximum of a month is spent on the entire construction.

Frame houses from the manufacturer

In the best factories, house kits are produced using automated systems. In simpler industries, the assembly of a frame house house kit is carried out manually. But it should be understood that this option is suitable for small simple buildings.

Required Equipment

The larger and more important parts are produced, the more qualified the personnel must be, and the equipment must be more accurate. A frame house set should be produced using modern mechanized and automatic equipment. This is important in order to eliminate errors that are possible during manual labor.

The main thing in the construction of a modern house is the construction load-bearing frame made of rigid structures according to the type of crystal lattice. This makes the whole house very durable and increases its lifespan. For the frame, a selected timber with a given moisture content and exact dimensions is used. In the space between the tree there is a heater (more often it is mineral wool). On both sides it is isolated with a vapor and waterproofing film.

The final part of the wooden frame from the outside and inside - OSB boards. This material is quite moisture resistant, durable, environmentally friendly. After sheathing with this material, the frame house box is ready. Further inside, the wall is sheathed with drywall, finishing plastering, painting, wallpaper are glued, and the house is sheathed with siding, wood and other materials from the outside.

Thanks to such modern technology, the house turns out to be very warm, which allows you to save on energy resources, durable and reliable. The time of its operation can even exceed 100 years.

Benefits of prefab kits

A prefabricated frame house is in many ways much better than on-site construction:

there is no need to buy building materials separately;
the received materials for the frame house are guaranteed to be even, with exact dimensions, since they are harvested at the factory, where there is always a check for defects;
with the involvement of professionals, a house can be built in a very short time.

Frame house kits are good because the materials for their production are carefully prepared, so the house can be assembled very easily on site. And the better the frame is prepared at the factory, the more durable the building will be.

What does the frame house kit include?

Ready-made frame house kits for self-assembly are sets of various components. By assembling the kit on the site, you can get the finished building. The kit comes with documentation and specification, which contains a list of all parts and installation instructions.

Accompanying documentation must include the following:

main House project- drawings, instructions for assembly, list of materials and other documentation;
plans of all structures, communications and other engineering structures;
drawings that indicate how to connect specific elements and where to place them;
estimate - it contains the cost of building a house and the amount of equipment and materials required.

Production of frame house kits

Frame houses are produced in factories in a conveyor way. In order for each element of the house kit to be high-precision, it is necessary to use the most modern equipment. Therefore, such products are produced exclusively in specialized factories, especially if the house is large and with a complex structure.

Among all the options for building frame houses, the “Finnish” and “Canadian” are considered the most successful and in demand. Let's take a closer look at both technologies.

"Canadian" house kit

Canadian house building technology is characterized by the use of SIP panels. They have high rigidity, so there is no need to build a special frame on which they must hold.

To get a SIP panel, two oriented strand boards are glued on the bars, making a frame between them, into which the insulation is placed. Usually, expanded polystyrene is used for these purposes. The optimal thickness of the insulation is 150 mm and above. Thus, the total thickness of the product is more than 170 mm. To make the frame more rigid, a lot of wooden bars are glued inside.

SIP panels are manufactured at the plant with high-tech equipment. Compliance with the drawings is monitored by a computer, so the products are made as accurately as possible. When the panels are cut, cutouts are immediately made for windows and doors.

Wooden bars are installed at the ends of the openings, for which special grooves are used. And so that the panels are easily connected to each other, they are fixed according to the “thorn-groove” principle. Thus, it implies the construction of all structures from panels - external walls, walls, ceilings, floors, roofs, etc.

Separately, it is worth dwelling on the characteristics of SIP panels:

the size of the floor panels is 1250x3200x200 mm;
panel size for external walls - 1250x2500x160 mm;
in special cases, the thickness of the walls may be different;
the sound absorption of the walls is 74 dB;
the maximum axial load for such a wall is 3-4 thousand kg per square meter, and
deflection load - 100-450 kg per sq. m;
the density of the walls is 15-17 m / cu. m;
thermal conductivity - about 0.05 W / m.K.

Additionally, the house is insulated outside and inside with the help of foam plastic of optimal thickness or mineral wool.

The remaining parts are made from coniferous bars of the appropriate size. Wood moldings are delivered dry and planed. Windows are made of plastic or wood. So that wooden parts do not begin to deteriorate under the influence of biological and atmospheric factors, it is necessary to impregnate them with special substances that protect against fire, mold and fungus.

"Finnish" house kit

Finnish technology differs from Canadian technology in that it uses only natural and environmentally friendly materials. All panels are also made of wood, sheathed inside basalt insulation or, and outside - polystyrene foam.

The scheme for the device of frame houses according to the Finnish type is as follows:

OSB panel outside. As a rule, OSB-3 with a thickness of 15 mm is used. This plate is quite rigid, does not collapse under the influence of moisture, and withstands processing well.
. IsoBox-Inside 15 cm thick is usually used. This is one of the most low-toxic materials, which has a high level of heat and sound insulation, and a long service life. Also, basalt insulation does not support combustion.
Vapor barrier membrane. It protects against wind, the effects of water and steam on the insulation and walls, and prevents the accumulation of condensate on and inside the walls.
Inner plate. This is a construction made of gypsum and wood shavings, the thickness of which is 10 mm. 85% of the plate is gypsum, and 15% is shavings.
Frame stand. It is made from a dried planed board measuring 45x145 mm. Racks are installed every 50 cm, connecting the outer and inner panels with them to make the structure more rigid.
End bar. They are sheathed with panels around the perimeter. At the places of future windows and doors, bars are also installed at the ends to secure adjacent parts to them.

To make the house even warmer and prevent freezing, the outer walls are often sheathed with PSB-25F expanded polystyrene, which is then covered with decorative plaster for facades. Very important make a space for ventilation between this facade layer and the insulation. Therefore, a vertical crate is stuffed, which creates this gap.

The internal partition panels have a similar structure, except for the presence of a vapor barrier. There is also a smaller layer of insulation - 10 cm. The plinth panels are sheathed on both sides with cement chipboard, the thickness of which is 16 mm. It does not support combustion, is environmentally friendly, has excellent soundproofing and strength properties. The insulation layer in the basement panels is 200 mm.

The floor panels also use cement-bonded particle board, the thickness of which is 20 mm. Insulation here is two times less - a 100-mm layer.

The most complex structure of the roof panels:

inner slab 10 mm thick made of gypsum and shavings;
vapor barrier layer;
powerful wooden rafters;
wooden crate from a bar;
a layer of 200 mm basalt insulation;
waterproofing layer;
counter-lattice (a beam of 40x40 mm is used);
roof.

The above elements are completely manufactured industrially according to precise drawings. Finnish technology is also different in that the panels are fastened together not with glue, but with staples and galvanized nails. Also, the finished panels already have a hydro and vapor barrier layer, and the wooden parts are pre-impregnated with protective compounds.

Self-assembly of house kits

If the frame house kit is not large-panel, you can even assemble it yourself, following the instructions. Although it will be longer in time, it will take less money to implement the project. Many factories sell special do-it-yourself kits.

Typically, these kits include the following:

Beam of the lower strapping. This structural element contains many grooves for installing horizontal and vertical elements of the tenon-groove type.
Beam of the upper strapping. A similar part into which components are fixed, but only at the top.
Beam of vertical strapping with thorn-groove locks.
Lags for ceilings at the top and bottom.
Rafter.
Wood for the production of panels, which is harvested to the exact size specified in the specifications. There are panels both with a heater installed inside and without it.
Wood for floor cladding at the bottom and top.
Roof framing.
fasteners.
Documents, plans, project, drawings, fastener diagrams, assembly instructions and other documentation.

In order to clearly understand which part relates to what, each element must have the appropriate marking. Details are also supplied with specifications indicating the location of each element.

It is the developer who determines what materials will be used for flooring, ceilings, roofing of the building and finishing the house outside and inside.

The construction of houses with the help of house kits also has limitations:

longer working life;
high complexity of assembly;
the dependence of construction on the weather.

Among the advantages are the low cost of construction. Most home kits can be assembled independently without involving a construction team.

How to choose a house kit

When choosing a house kit for yourself and the materials from which it will be made, you need to consider the following factors:

Climatic conditions in which the house will be built. The more severe conditions the building is operated in, the thicker the walls and the insulation layer should be. In areas with high humidity, more reinforced waterproofing is made.
seismic activity. In areas where it is increased, they make a more durable foundation structure and fix the walls in a special way.
The type of soil determines what the foundation will be.
Depth of groundwater flow. The method of arranging basements, the features of the construction of foundations, the complexity of the drainage system and waterproofing depend on this.
Design requirements. They determine the appearance of the building, the choice of materials for finishing the house, the internal arrangement of the walls.
People's reviews. It is worth considering the experience of residents who live in the neighborhood and give certain recommendations for the construction of frame houses.
Personal building skills If a self-assembly kit is purchased, it is better for inexperienced people to choose simpler projects so that it is realistic to build them yourself.

Usually, all house kits can be divided into four types, depending on the configuration:

Low budget. The kit includes only elements for the main frame, which are fixed with tongue-and-groove locks. The lumber is air-dried, the molding has clear dimensions. The kit does not include insulation and finishing materials.
Economy The kit includes the necessary parts for assembling the house, as well as shields with insulation. For floors, a beam is used, and a wooden frame is assembled from shields. The walls are delivered without cladding and insulation. There are also no materials for finishing the house inside and out.
Standard. The kit includes all elements for the construction of the building and finishing materials.
Suite. Included all modular parts. Overlappings are made of panels with filling. All designs have increased protection against moisture and greater rigidity. The finished house kit also includes all communications.

The specified configurations are not final and can be combined with each other.

Depending on the type of panels, frame houses are of the following types:

Small-panel- even the largest parts of the house kit are so light and small that they can be lifted and fixed manually. For the construction of such a house, a team of 2-3 people is enough.
Large-panel- the house consists of large blocks, so it is quickly assembled. But on the site it is necessary to use a crane and a large construction team.

As soon as you decide which house kit to buy, it is advisable to visit the manufacturer, consult with specialists, resolve the issue of delivering the elements to the site and decide on the project of the house.

Where to order a frame house kit

In almost all regions of the country there are enterprises that provide services for the construction of frame houses. To choose a specific manufacturer, you need to consider several factors:

How far is the plant from the construction site. The further it is, the more expensive the delivery of the house kit will cost.
What house kits does the company produce.
The quality of the materials used in production.
The quality and level of equipment in the workshops.
Used modern technologies at the plant.
Availability of project documentation.
Does the manufacturer provide a guarantee to the customer and for what exactly?
Does the manufacturer provide a mobile team to install the house on site.
The cost of the house kit and services for its construction.

Home kits at the price may differ in different regions. This is due to several factors:

volumes of imported raw materials;
availability of raw materials of own production used in the production of house kits;
implementation of own technological developments in production.

If you take average prices for a house set, then they are as follows:

low-budget project - 2-4 thousand rubles per square meter;
economy - 4.5-7 thousand rubles;
standard - 7.5-12 thousand rubles;
luxury - 13.5-28 thousand rubles, respectively.

If individual changes are made to the project, the cost of construction can increase by a quarter. When calling an additional team from the factory, the cost will increase by 30%.

Step-by-step algorithm for self-construction of a house kit

When placing an order for the production of a house kit, you need to take a copy of the drawings for yourself in order to understand how to make the foundation and where the outer perimeter of the building will pass.

Stages of building a house from a house kit

The construction of a classic frame house from a house kit consists of several stages:

Foundation construction. Frame houses are considered light, so they do not need a strong foundation. Columnar, pile and shallow tape structures are usually used. It is necessary to strictly observe the drawings in the production of foundations, make sure that they have a strict horizontal surface. They also check the compliance of all corners with the drawings and the parallelism of the walls. In the production of foundations, they determine where to make openings for access to communications, make waterproofing.
Organization of home storage. A frame house is not built in one week, so it is necessary to organize a place where its elements will be stored. You need a level ground. Each detail should be free approach. It is important to fold the rafters vertically so that they do not bend.
Home installation. As soon as the foundation is completely ready, they begin to build the house itself. For this, elements from the house kit are used. All joints are sealed with jute insulation or polyurethane foam.

House assembly technology

The assembly of the panels of the frame house house kit is carried out strictly in the following order.

Installation of floor panels. For additional waterproofing, they are lubricated with mastics. The thorn-groove lock is blown out with mounting foam. Used to fasten panels anodized self-tapping screws. To ensure higher rigidity, strapping bars are used at the ends of the panels.

Installation of the lower strapping beam. When installing it, it is important to observe the exact markup. The beam is fixed in the floor with the help of self-tapping screws with a fastening step of 40 cm. Also, with a step of 1 m, holes are made through the beam, flooring and foundation, into which anchor bolts are inserted. The structure is tightened and fixed.

Installation of wall panels. The corner panel is fixed first, erecting it vertically strictly along the body kit. The structure is installed on the strapping beam. Then put the second corner panel. The joint between them is sealed, the panels themselves are fixed to each other with self-tapping screws, and both structures are tied to the bottom trim. Further, with the rest of the panels, they act similarly.

Installation of panel walls inside. The principle of their installation is similar to external structures. On the one hand, the partitions are fixed to the outer wall, on the other hand, to similar partitions using brackets and plates.

Floor beams. If there is a second floor, you will need to install floor beams to enhance the rigidity and strength of the structure. For their production it is better to use profiled timber. The beams are installed using perforated plates.

Ceiling installation. For its installation, the same principles are used as for flooring. In order for the structure to have optimal rigidity, it is installed on floor beams.

Installation of front panels. So that the ends of the ceiling do not look out, it is sheathed on the outside with a beam. Then the strapping bars are installed, the joints are sealed and the gable panels are attached to the strapping bar.

Installation of a ridge beam. This element of the frame house kit is fixed on the gable panels. For installation, metal perforated plates are used.

Intermediate support beams. They are built directly into the gable panel. The beams run parallel to the ridge. This structural element is necessary to avoid deflection of the roof panels. Both ridge timber and beams are used as a load-bearing element of the roof.

Installation of roof panels. After installing the gable panels, their ends are sewn up with special beams, after which the roof panels are installed and their joints are sealed. Self-tapping screws and glue are used to fix panels with ridge beams and support beams.

After that, the frame house is considered fully assembled. It does not shrink, serves for a long time due to the perfect accuracy of all parts and high-quality assembly.