Manufacture of attic stairs. Do-it-yourself attic stairs with a hatch - how to make it easier. Simple two-section ladder

Varieties of folding stairs to the attic.

In most cases, the attic is rarely used. For this reason, installing a massive stationary staircase is far from ideal. A more practical solution is a folding staircase to the attic, the small size of which allows you to save free space as much as possible.

Pros and cons of folding structures

Compared to stationary models, folding attic stairs have the following advantages:

Among the shortcomings, it is worth highlighting the following points:

Difficulty in manufacturing. Some models are quite difficult to make with your own hands. This will require complex and accurate calculations, tools, as well as appropriate skills.
Lack of sufficient comfort when using. Climbing or descending stairs with a large angle of inclination is not very convenient, and lifting massive objects along such structures is not the most reasonable option.
Low payload. Most models can not withstand weight more than 150 kg.

It is very inconvenient to lift overall loads on such a ladder.

Types of folding stairs

All folding attic and attic structures can be divided into several types:

scissor;
telescopic;
sectional;
folding.

scissor models

Folding scissor-type products are also called “accordion stairs.” This name perfectly describes its essence: when folded, the product resembles a small block, and when unfolded, it straightens out like accordion bellows. To straighten such a ladder, you should pull the bottom step.

Folded scissor ladder.

The scissor model consists of many small sections fastened together. Therefore, the dimensions of the structure in the folded state are minimal. Perhaps the only drawback of this variety is not very reliable fastenings between the blocks. Therefore, the scissor ladder should be handled with care and do not forget to lubricate the mechanisms between the segments. Working principle of electric scissor ladder

Telescopic varieties

A characteristic feature of this model is a retractable type of sections, like a matryoshka. That is, the smallest pipes are fixed in pipes of a larger diameter, which are inserted into even larger side pipes, etc. The sections are held in the folded state by special clamps, which are located on the outside of the metal beams. To fold the structure, it is enough to loosen the “grip” of the latch.

Decomposing such a structure is very simple.

However, despite the relatively simple device, such models are rare. The reason for the low popularity is problems with fixators. After a short use, the metal clamps begin to “jam”, which prevents the structure from straightening.

Telescopic ladder holders.

Sectional stairs

The sectional folding model resembles a scissor type, only here the segments are not pressed, but stacked on top of each other. Accordingly, when unfolding, the parts are straightened and fixed in a certain position.

A sectional ladder can consist of two…

…or three sections

The advantage of such a ladder is its low cost. As disadvantages, it is worth mentioning the rather large size and massiveness of the structure.

Schematic representation of a two-section ladder folded and unfolded.

Folding products

The most unusual option is a folding ladder. This model has a couple of interesting features:

Since the design is similar to direct march varieties, the angle of inclination of the folding ladder is about 45 degrees, which contributes to the most convenient use. As negative points it is worth highlighting:

high requirements for free space;
“specific” design (when folded, the folding ladder does not look very nice, because it is not hidden and is always in sight);
massive structure.

Folding structures that are completely hidden in the attic hatch are much more popular.

Material used

The material plays an important role for folding stairs. On the one hand, it must be durable, on the other hand, it must have a minimum cost. These requirements are fully met only by 2 materials - wood and metal.

At the same time, even a wooden staircase has a certain amount of metal parts.

Wooden products are mainly made from coniferous wood, such as pine. Such models have good reliability and low price. In addition, the creation of wooden stairs does not require specific skills or sophisticated equipment. As disadvantages, it is worth highlighting the following points:

massiveness of the product;
rather low load capacity (maximum weight - 100 kg);
short service life.

Among other things, a wooden staircase to the attic can fit well into the interior.

Much more common are metal stairs made of aluminum and steel, which are in no way inferior to wooden counterparts. In particular, the advantages of such products include:

acceptable cost;
good load capacity (up to 200 kg, depending on the type of construction);
high resistance to rust and mechanical stress;
durability;
light weight (for aluminum);
high strength.

The only drawback of metal varieties is the difficulty of self-manufacturing. For work, knowledge of welding and appropriate equipment will be required.

The metal construction is even outwardly more reliable than the wooden one.

Important Points

Any ladder, regardless of its type, should be as convenient as possible for use. Therefore, when choosing or designing a product, it is recommended to consider the following parameters:

optimal span width - 60-70 cm (excluding load-bearing beams);
the recommended angle of inclination of the structure is 45-60 degrees, the maximum is 75 degrees;
average number of steps - 15 pcs.;
step thickness - 2 cm (± 2 mm);
The “step” of the steps is 17-22 cm (the steps should be located at an equidistant distance from each other throughout the entire flight of stairs);
with frequent use of the stairs, the width of the tread (horizontal part of the step) should be at least 20 cm;

Variants of attic stairs with dimensions.

You should also pay attention to other important points:

attic stairs should not be higher than 3 m, otherwise the risk of injury increases significantly;
it is recommended to put anti-slip pads on metal steps;
wooden models should not be installed in too dry or damp rooms (the service life is reduced);
fasteners and mechanisms must securely connect the sections of the product;
it is recommended to lubricate the mechanisms of the structure from time to time.

Regularly inspect structural fastenings and moving parts.

Making a folding ladder with your own hands

The process of creating a ladder structure is not particularly difficult. But for greater convenience, it should be divided into 2 stages:

preparation for work;
staircase manufacturing.

Most often, a folding structure is made with their own hands.

Preparatory stage

The manufacture of stairs begins with the design - taking measurements and creating a drawing. The scheme is recommended to be performed in three projections: front view, top view and side view.

Important! In this case, the design in the drawing should be displayed in the "straightened" state.

Also, the drawing must meet the following requirements:

on the projection from above, draw a plan of the room, on which the location of the stairs should be noted;
for greater clarity, the dimensions of the elements are recommended to be indicated in separate footnotes;
metal parts are displayed with diagonal lines, wood - with curlicues (imitation of wooden "rings").

After preparing the drawing, the necessary materials are purchased. When everything is ready, it is worth preparing the toolkit. So, for work you will need:

electric or hand saw;
drill;
drills of various diameters;
wood screws.

For the manufacture of metal stairs, the following tools are needed:

welding machine;
hacksaw for metal;
drill with drills for metal;
fasteners.

In order for the structure to fold, it is necessary to purchase metal card loops.

Card loops for attaching stairs.

Execution of works

The manufacturing and installation process itself is quite simple. For example, a two-section folding attic ladder is made as follows:

load-bearing beams are divided into 2 parts (and lengths) and connected using metal loops;
grooves for steps are made in each carrier beam;
steps are inserted into the holes made;
rubber pads are put on from below the bearing beams;
a wooden block is attached to the wall under the opening to the attic;
the upper part () of the structure is connected to the bar with the help of loops;
the lower part () is pressed against the wall and fastened on a hook.

Making a folding ladder

The procedure for manufacturing a folding folding ladder is completely different:

the first bowstring is rigidly fixed to the wall at the required angle;
the first step is marked on it (12 cm wide);
2 lines are drawn parallel to the faces of the carrier beam;
a line is marked perpendicular to the end of the first segment;
from the perpendicular mark, an indent is made to the right by 1 cm and a vertical line is drawn;
the marking made marks the beginning of the second step (the following steps are marked in the same way);
the markup is transferred to the second string;
with the help of loops, the steps are attached to the supporting beams (on a stationary bowstring they should rise, on a movable one they should go down);
a loop is attached to the movable bowstring and a hook is installed for it in the appropriate place on the wall.

An example of a folding ladder to the attic

Folding stairs for the attic are gaining more and more popularity in the CIS countries. This is facilitated by low cost, ease of installation and, most importantly, compactness of products. However, it should be borne in mind that, in comparison with conventional structures, using folding stairs is less convenient. / article author

Ksenia Skvortsova. Chief Editor. Author.
Planning and distribution of responsibilities in the content production team, work with texts.
Education: Kharkov State Academy of Culture, specialty “Culturologist. Lecturer in History and Theory of Culture. Experience in copywriting: From 2010 to the present. Editor: since 2016.

In most cases, the attic is used to store unused and old things. In past times, few people could dare to use it for living space. Today, in pursuit of every square meter, many are rebuilding the attic, making a living room. Accordingly, the attic ladder in this case plays a key role. In this article, we will look at the manufacture of this piece of furniture from different angles, and find out what types of stairs to the attic exist.

Devices and types of structures

Stairs are installed both outside and inside the house. The last option has much more advantages. To get into the attic, you do not need to go through the yard. There are several types of staircase designs:

Monolithic.

Marching.

Folding attic stairs.

Folding.
Scissor.
Telescopic.
Folding or lever.

Portable.

Attached.
Stepladders.

As for the latter option, such stairs are often used as temporary structures. For example, they are applicable in cases where the attic does not have to be used so often. Portable ladders are not so reliable.

If we talk about reliability, then here, of course, monolithic stairs should be noted, which have a wide march and reliable railings. But if you have a small room, then it will be almost impossible to accommodate it. In such circumstances, the ideal version of the stairs is retractable. It is easy to operate, safe and ergonomic.

Ladder-transformer folding

Mostly, the transformer ladder is made of metal or wood. If these two materials are combined, then the result will be very worthy. For example, a flight of stairs is made of wood, and important components are made of metal: fastening, mechanism and springs. Wood will lighten the entire structure, and metal will add strength. For the manufacture of wooden elements, it is better to use hardwoods.

In some situations, you can use plastic fittings. In the process of transformation, the plastic levels friction. According to the opening method, folding stairs are manual and automatic. A weight is attached to the ladder for easy manual opening.

The main requirements for folding attic stairs are compact dimensions and strength. The aesthetic appearance of the building also plays an important role.

Retractable ladder with retractable flights

Scissor ladders are very popular. Its production is carried out only from metal parts. In another way, it is called "accordion". But they have a number of negative qualities. For example, after a while, the flight of stairs will make an unpleasant creak, as some parts will wear out. But this can be prevented by timely lubrication of each working connection.

telescopic ladder

This type of construction consists of sections that are retractable. When folded, it takes up little space, as the parts are assembled one into the other. They are mostly made from aluminium. The telescopic ladder has high durability.

Sectional and hinged

It can have 1-4 sections. The first is fixed on the lid. Subsequent sections are interconnected and form a uniform flight of stairs. They are equipped with hinges and special loops.

folding

If you do not have free space, a folding ladder has clear advantages. In most cases, it is folded into the wall. It can be pulled out if needed. Using card loops, the steps are fixed on a bowstring. When it is folded, it hides against the wall.

General requirements for attic stairs

It should be mentioned about the standard dimensions of such structures:

The permissible march width is 650 mm.
It is not recommended to make a ladder more than 3000 mm in height. This will result in less structural rigidity, resulting in an accident. Among other things, too high a design will be problematic to fold.
Steps in the amount of 13 to 15 pieces.
Between the steps there should be a gap of no more than 19.3 cm. Otherwise, the operation of the stairs will be difficult.
The step should have a thickness of 1.8 to 2.2 cm.
The standard tilt angle is 60–75°.
The entire structure must withstand a weight of up to one hundred and fifty kilograms.
The location of the steps is only parallel to the floor. For complete safety, they can be glued with anti-slip pads.

Separately, it should be noted the size of the hatch. The standard size is 120 × 70 cm. If the opening is smaller, then it will be inconvenient to climb. With large hatch sizes, there will be large heat losses. If your attic will not be heated, then the hatch must be steam and heat insulated.

Location of attic stairs

The stairs should not interfere with living in the house. For this reason, installing stairs in the kitchen or in the bedroom would be impractical. Therefore, it can be placed, for example, in a corridor, a hall. The selected room must be of the appropriate size. In some cases, such stairs are used as an interior detail, so in some cases it can not be hidden. It is recommended to make a preliminary drawing to represent the staircase in your interior.

Production of a ladder from two sections

If you want to make a simple staircase without complex mechanisms, then a two-section staircase is ideal. To make it you will need:

Wood saw.
Roulette.
Ladder.
Card loops along the width of the stringer - 4 pieces.
Timber - 2 pieces 2–3 cm thick. The length should be equal to the width of the hatch.
Hinges, screws, hook and anchor.

With the help of a loop, a short beam is fixed to the upper end of the stairs. The second, similar segment of the bar, on the bottom. They must be fixed obliquely, otherwise they will interfere with the movement. Such a design will be quite rigid. After, measure out 2/3 of the stairs and make a neat cut. Using metal loops, connect the two parts.

The hinges must be properly fastened, otherwise the ladder will open in the wrong direction.

Now, on the wall under the hatch, mount the top bar. To prevent the ladder from opening when folded, you can use a hook. To do this, screw the loop next to the cut, and the hook at the appropriate distance into the wall. Attic two-section ladder is ready!

One of the disadvantages of this design is that it is always in sight. But if you make a little more effort, then with your own hands you can build a ladder that will be hidden in the hatch.

We hide the ladder behind the hatch

This type of ladder has three sections, but in this case it will be successfully located in the hatch. First of all, decide on its location. For example, the opening has dimensions of 120 × 65 cm. Then, to prevent heat loss, the hatch should be cut 7–8 mm wider on each side. To work, you will need the following material:

A bar with a section of 50 × 50 mm - 2 long and 2 short.
Plywood, 10 mm thick.
Plywood, 4 mm thick, for making scarves.
PVA glue.
Self-tapping screws.

At the end of each bar, make a drank halfway through its thickness. After these places, coat with glue and connect everything together in a groove into a rectangle. For strength between themselves, you can additionally twist with self-tapping screws. To get the exact diagonal out of 4 mm plywood, cut a scarf.

When the glue is dry, dismantle the scarves and fasten the 10 mm plywood sheet with self-tapping screws. Now try on the design in the opening. If everything fits, then the measurements were taken accurately.

For an aesthetic look, cut a door latch into the lid. With the help of a screwed handle, it will be possible to open the hatch on the latch.

Mechanism for stairs with a hatch - articulated without spring

One of the important components of a folding attic ladder is the opening mechanism. The easiest method is to buy it. But if you want to save the family budget, you can do it yourself.

For this you will need:

Corner - 1 piece.
Piece of metal sheet.
Two strips of different lengths.
Bolts M10.
Drill.
Malka.
Jigsaw.
Teskey.
Clamps.

Manufacturing technology:

The first step is a drawing on the cardboard stairs. In this case, the approximate angle of its inclination in the open state should be indicated.
Now cut out an example of construction and individual parts from cardboard. This will allow you to choose the correct hinge length.
On metal strips, measure the holes for the hinge. Distances are measured according to preliminary measurements. The hole is made for the M10 bolt.
You collect these parts together and slightly tighten.
Now measure the desired angle using the bevel. Then move the mechanism to the desired angle.
On the metal, mark the area that, when opened, will overlap with a corner. Cut it out with a jigsaw.
At this stage, you give the stripes a presentation. Round off the corners and trim off any excess. This will allow them not to cling to each other and, accordingly, not to interfere with each other.
After removing excess metal, the corner will rest in the desired position. The first mechanism is ready!
To prepare the second mechanism, fasten each pair of parts together with clamps. This will make an identical part. Drill holes.
Insert a bolt into the finished hole and drill a second one.
Having twisted the blanks with two bolts, level them in length and give the same shape.

By this principle, you make all parts of the mechanism. As a result, you will be able to make two identical parts of the mechanism.

When the mechanisms are ready, they should be attached to the hatch that was made earlier. In this case, you should try on the hatch with mechanisms to the opening.

In the open position, the hatch should not touch the walls of the opening. If necessary, it can be adjusted. In order for the whole structure to be well kept, one more important detail should be made. To do this, take two strips, the width of which is 2 cm, as well as a corner. To the end of one of the strips, weld a small piece of metal. A corner will act as a support platform.

So, you will make a hinge that, in the open position, will bend slightly, but at the same time withstand the entire load. Among other things, it must be fully disclosed. This will evenly distribute the load created by the hinged ladder.

Staircase made of wood on bowstrings

Let's make a ladder out of wood. Take an inch board, ten centimeters wide. It is useful for making bowstrings and steps. The first section is made exactly along the length of the hatch, the second is similar, and the third is slightly smaller. As for the last section, its length should be equal to the remaining distance between the floor and the two sections when unfolded. Here you will also need to use small. Measure the slope of the angle of the ladder in its unfolded state. Transfer these measurements to the board and mark the steps. This is done on two long sections. These lines should be applied evenly on two boards. To do this, they can be fastened with tape. The applied lines should be mirrored. In places where there will be hinge loops, drill 25 holes with a pen.

The holes should be on both sides of the boards, so first make holes on the inside, and then on the outside. Grind each hole with a milling cutter.

This will give the blanks an aesthetic look. Saw the boards at the junctions of the segments.

Cut the required number of steps, sand them. For each step on the bowstring, make small holes of 5 mm. Assemble the entire structure with PVA glue and self-tapping screws.

Making metal loops

To connect the sections of the march, loops should also be made. Thanks to their presence, the ladder will fold and unfold, respectively. For this purpose, it will be necessary to take a metal strip 2.5 cm wide. You will need eight such strips. To four of them, weld a small piece of a similar strip. In each of them, make holes that will be used to attach the stairs.

Now lay the first and second segment of the stairs on a flat surface. The joint between them must be sufficiently tight. Screw the hinge so that the hinge bolt fits into the recess in the center of the connected sections. On the other hand, the edge of the bowstring will be a guide. After screwing on the two hinges, check the ladder for bending. If everything is working properly, use the same example to connect the third segment.

Installation of a folding structure in the opening

Now there is very little left. When all the parts you made are finished and interconnected, you can proceed with installation in the opening.

First of all, treat all metal parts with a metal primer, spray paint and apply two coats of varnish to the wooden elements.

When the whole structure is dry, it remains to fix it with anchors in the opening to the attic. After a lot of work, the folding ladder is ready! You can find photo instructions at the end of the article.

How to make a folding attic ladder?

You can climb to the attic or to the attic made by you using a folding ladder. To do this, you will need the following building material:

For the manufacture of a bowstring 2 boards. Thickness 30 mm, width 200 mm. The length directly depends on the angle of inclination of the stairs and the height of the ceiling.
Boards for stairs. Width 120 mm, thickness 30 mm, length 500 mm.
There are two card loops for each step.
Self-tapping screws.
Anker.
Hook for fixing the structure on the wall.

For successful assembly of the stairs to the ceiling, the upper edge of the stationary bowstring should not reach 550 mm.

So, all the work is done in the following sequence:

Anchor one bowstring to the wall. The mount itself must be rigid, since the entire structure will be held on it.
Mark out the steps. The position of the first mark parallel to the floor. Spend a segment, the length is equal to the width of the step 120 mm.
Now draw two parallel straight lines through the ends of the segment parallel to the edges of the bowstring.
Then draw a perpendicular from the end of the first segment.
Step back from this line to the right by 10 mm and draw a line parallel to the perpendicular.
The point of intersection of this line with the upper one, which is drawn parallel to the edge of the bowstring, determines the location of the next step. According to this principle, the marking of all subsequent steps is carried out.

To prevent the steps from rubbing against each other when folding, an indent of one centimeter is required between them. Transfer all this markup to the second string and fasten the steps in the marked places. As for the loops, they should be located on a stationary bowstring so that they eventually raise the steps up, and lower the movable bowstring down. Accordingly, a hook is mounted on the wall in suitable places. This is perhaps the easiest and fastest method of making a folding loft ladder.

Small business

So, we have considered with you several options for making attic stairs with your own hands. Of course, at first it may seem that this is an unthinkable task, but with effort and diligence, everything can be done. Leave your comments on this article and share your impressions!

A photo

The attic in the house can be used for different needs. Of course, comfortable access should be organized to it, for which a ladder is needed. It can be installed on the outside of the building or inside it. The latter is easy to use and more popular. There are many ways how an attic staircase can be made with your own hands. Before describing how to make an attic or attic floor, you need to choose a constructive solution that is suitable for your home.

Varieties of attic and mansard stairs

Let's look at the most popular options for attic stairs.

The latter variety is more often used for a while or in case of rare use of the attic space. But the most practical and compact will be a folding design with a hatch.

What to look for when making your own stairs?

The first thing that should be ensured when building an attic or attic staircase with your own hands is safety. The ladder system must have adequate strength and reliability.

The size of the stairs is also important: the more it is tilted, the more space it takes up. The most suitable is the angle of inclination equal to 60-70 °. Although with constant use, it is recommended to make it 45 °. Steps with a height of 20 cm and a depth of 30 cm are considered standard. The width of the stairs should be comfortable, as a rule, it is about 70 cm. Such stairs are not recommended to be more than 3 m high, since a higher design will not have the necessary rigidity and reliability.

It is advised to make a structure with the number of steps from 10 to 15, and leave the distance between them 19 cm. The recommended step thickness is 2 cm. They should be placed strictly parallel to the floor surface. For greater safety, anti-slip pads are glued on the steps.

Important!The ladder to climb to the attic floor must withstand a load of 150 kg.

Luke also has its own recommended parameters. The following dimensions are considered standard: width 70 cm, length 120 cm. Smaller dimensions will make the opening uncomfortable to use, and larger ones will increase the heat loss of the room. For an unheated attic, it is advised to make the hatch heat-insulated and vapor-insulated.

Where is the best place to place the stairs?

The ladder structure should be located so as not to interfere with the household. Therefore, you should not mount it in the kitchen; it would be more expedient to use a corridor or a hall for this purpose. Also consider the size of the room. Sometimes the ladder can be used as an interior detail, then it is not hidden in the hatch.

Important! It is advised to pre-draw the future staircase, then it will be easier for you to understand which place will be the most suitable for its installation.

One-section do-it-yourself construction

The easiest to climb to the attic floor will be a one-section constructive solution, which will be fixed in one place. In order to build a staircase with one section, you need two wooden planks. The length must be suitable to obtain the appropriate angle of inclination, and the thickness must be at least 5 cm.

Steps can be fixed with a bowstring or stringers. Bowstrings are grooves made by a router in the end board. A kosour is a horizontal platform carved on a board, on which a step is then placed. The steps are fixed in place with metal screw studs. Handrails provide a comfortable lift to the floor. For their manufacture, a polished solid beam of the appropriate length is used. Depending on the location of your stairs, the railing can be on one side or both. To make the design more reliable, it is worth adding vertical connecting beams to it.

Production of a single-section attic ladder.

Making a hatch

Installation and manufacture of the hatch is also an important aspect of the work. It will prevent the penetration of cold air masses into the house. This is the main reason for equipping ladder structures with a hatch. To make it, you will need 50x50 bars and a sheet of plywood.

Work order:

Determine a suitable place, taking into account the dimensional margin of 0.8 cm, so that the hatch closes normally.
The bars must be cut into four parts according to the size of the hatch, and holes should be cut along the edges.
On each groove obtained, you need to apply glue and fasten the bars with self-tapping screws.
To keep the diagonal, kerchiefs are screwed.
The next step is fixing the plywood.
The finished cover is tried on, and then a latch is installed on the opening.
In order for the lid to open without interference, a handle is installed in the opening.

Important!The resulting design should open easily and freely.

An example of a homemade attic hatch with a metal-plastic cover.

The staircase, equipped with a hatch and leading to an unheated attic floor or attic, has design features. The opening for the construction of such a structure with a hatch must be insulated. In the manufacture of the hatch, a layer of thermal insulation and vapor barrier is placed on plywood. From above, they are once again reinforced with a vapor barrier film. After the work is completed, the final stage remains - decoration. It is made similar to the decoration of the ceiling. At your request, the color scheme can contrast with the walls. Sometimes, instead of plywood sheets, metal sheets are used, which must be painted with paint that is suitable in color and performance.

How to make a folding ladder structure from two sections?

The ladder structure of two sections is quite simple to manufacture and does not involve the use of a complex mechanism. This design will be optimal for execution by a person without special skills in construction.

The first thing you need to do is make a simple ladder. After manufacturing, it is carefully adjusted according to the dimensions, and precisely observing the angle of inclination. After that, the finished structure is cut into two sections, which must be attached to each other with the help of canopies, and you get a folding ladder. You just have to make the installation of a folding structure to the cover of your hatch.

The folding ladder structure can be supplemented with an auxiliary cable mechanism, which will facilitate the disassembly and assembly of the system. In order to prevent the folded structure from opening, install a fixing hook. To fix it, a loop is installed at the junction of the sections, and a hook is mounted on the wall at the right distance from it. The design is ready for operation, but it will always be in your mind, which is considered its disadvantage. If this moment is important to you, then you can use the following recommendations. Run a three-section ladder, which is made according to the above technology. Such a ladder can be easily hidden in the hatch.

Making a folding ladder to the attic.

Manufacturing of the hinge mechanism

In the manufacture of a folding structure, the opening mechanism is important. You can make it yourself using the following materials:

metal corner;
part of a sheet of metal;
two strips of different lengths;
bolts;
clamps;
set of drills;
drill;
jigsaw;
tesky;
small.

Manufacturing procedure:

First, the stairs are drawn on a piece of cardboard indicating the future angle of inclination in the open state.
Then cut out the layout of the cardboard, to check all sizes.
On the strips of metal, they measure the places for the holes where the hinge will be attached. The hole must match the size of the bolt.
Details are assembled and pulled together.
Use a bevel to measure the desired angle. Then open the mechanism to the resulting angle.
Mark on the metal the part that will overlap with the corner during opening. Cut it out with a jigsaw.
Round off the corners of the bands and cut off unnecessary length so that the bands do not snag, allowing the mechanism to be operated.
When excess metal is removed, the corner will abut in the right place. You have made the first hinge.
The second is made by fastening parts with clamps in pairs, with special tools for better fixation. A hole is drilled and a bolt is placed in it.
Then a second hole is made.
The blanks are twisted with two bolts. Then they can be aligned, giving them the same shape.

This is how all parts of the hinge are performed to obtain the same elements. The completed mechanisms are attached to the hatch and try on whether it matches the opening. They do it this way: if in a fully open state it does not touch the edges of the opening, then the dimensions were taken correctly, and the hatch is ready for installation.

Production of a folding staircase

The construction of folding stairs has a similar technology with folding ones. At the first stage, a ladder is made according to the technology described above. Then choose the one that suits you best of the two:

Stationary Structures and main components of stairs

What is an attic? It is known that in our area the attic can become anything - a warehouse, a workshop or a living room.

It all depends on the possibilities of the room and your imagination, but one thing is certain - the attic space must be used. How to equip the entrance to the attic with your own hands?

Arrangement of the entrance to the attic

If you intend to equip a functional room in the attic, you need to think about choosing a place for the attic stairs. The attic staircase assumes the presence of a hatch - a ceiling door.

It is most reasonable to equip a hatch with a ladder in the corridor, hallway or passage room. In many houses there are rooms that are not used as residential, where you can easily equip a staircase to the attic.

In the old days, the entrance to the attic was equipped from the outside, but the prospect of climbing into such an attic on a frosty or rainy day will not please anyone.

The most extreme lifting mechanism to the attic can be several stools stacked together. But speaking objectively, to get there in a civilized manner, you need a good attic staircase. She may be both stationary and folding the latter are in high demand.

Folding options after use are compactly stacked up, saving a lot of usable space. A beautifully decorated sunroof can become a fresh element of the interior.

Manufacturers offer wooden options for small loads (up to 150 kg) and metal ones for more serious loads. Prices for such stairs vary from 7,000 rubles to the limit of the consumer's wallet. When choosing the cheapest option, you should not rely on its quality, so isn’t it better to make a folding attic ladder with your own hands?

Let's look at some possible custom stairs options, the easiest for a beginner and more difficult for those who are confident in their abilities. At your service the description of materials, works and drawings of offered ladders.

A simple two-piece staircase with your own hands

This is the ladder that consists of two sections, one of which folds up. In the assembled version, the ladder is not hidden at the top, but remains in sight.

This may not be critical if the attic is located in a workroom, garage, etc. Even in the hallway, it can look quite appropriate, it all depends on the style of your home.

This staircase can be made in a few hours, you only need to prepare the necessary materials:

Wood saw.
Measuring instruments (tape measure).
Ordinary wooden stairs.
Card loops, the width of which is equal to the width of the stringer - 4 pcs.
Four bars 2–3 cm thick: two as long as the width of the hatch and two longer by 20 cm.
Self-tapping screws, anchors, loop and hook.

Kosour is the bearing beam of the stairs, on which the steps are laid.

Nobody needs to tell how to make a ladder, but we only note that its length should be about 30 cm more than the distance from the floor to the hatch.

We take short bars:

We connect the first bar to the upper end of the stairs with the help of loops.
The second bar is securely fixed on the bottom in a rigid way.

To make the design more reliable, you need to take two slats and nail them obliquely from the back of the march. Just try to do it in such a way that the design did not interfere with the movement of the stairs.

Measure from the bottom exactly 2/3 of the entire length of the ladder and saw it in this place. Next, connect these parts with card loops. Hinges are attached to the back of the ladder so that it can fold properly.

Fasten the top bar directly under the hatch. A hook and loop is needed so that the ladder does not open arbitrarily. The hook is attached to the wall, and the loop on the bottom bar.

The first attic staircase is simple, but it has the disadvantage of being a visible staircase. There are other models shown in the photo - this is retractable, folding and telescopic.

Attic stairs designs

Do-it-yourself folding ladder on hinges

This is a folding attic ladder with a hatch, consisting of three sections and an attic hatch. This option is very attractive literally for any room.

You will need to determine what the hatch opening will be, given wishes and dimensions prospective visitors to the attic. For example, the opening for the stairs will be 125 x 70 cm.

In order to cut the hatch correctly, you need to add 7 mm on each side. Ladders to the attic should close well without damaging the thermal insulation.

Necessary materials:

bars 5 x 5 cm - 2 short and 2 long;
plywood 1 cm thick according to the size of the hatch.

At the ends of each bar, you need to make a half-thickness drink, connecting glue and screws into a perfect rectangle. From improvised means, so that the diagonal does not move out, you can attach temporary triangles of thin plywood. After we fasten the sheet of plywood to the size of the rectangle.

Instead of locks we use door latch, any doorknob or cylinder of suitable shape. The latch keeps the hatch closed well and just opens. To conveniently open the hatch without using ladders and stools, this handle needs to be made especially. A long cylindrical handle must be inserted into a special hole, opening the hatch while standing on the floor.

Manufacture of hinges for opening the hatch

All components for the mechanism that opens the hatch can be bought ready-made, as well as made independently.

In order to do everything yourself, you need estimate dimensions and angles using a cardboard layout. We make parts from cardboard, you can practice on them with the length of the hinges so that the hatch can open to the required angle. Based on the resulting layout, we make a mechanism for opening the hatch.

The key is experience determine the length of the hinges, since this type of attic staircase involves precisely the hinged method. On the drawings you can see how the hinge is installed, the logic of its operation is very simple - it helps to smoothly open and close the hatch.

Necessary improvised materials that can be found in every garage:

Metal corner - 2 pcs.
Sheet metal.
Metal strips 2 cm wide - 4 pcs.

We take two narrow metal strips and use a drill to make holes for the M10 bolt. We collect the parts together in pairs, slightly pulling them together. Using a measuring carpentry tool, measure the opening angle of the hatch and push our mechanisms exactly to this angle.

Using a jigsaw, cut out the part of the metal that will overlap with the corner. We remove the excess length of the metal strips, round the ends. After processing and removing excess metal, we assemble the mechanism - now the corner will stall in a certain position. Both mechanisms for two sides exact copies of each other, but only mirrored.

Attic ladder locking mechanism

The hinge mechanism turns out to be reliable, stopping the hatch with a ladder in the desired position thanks to the corner.

But for more reliability and smoothness opening mechanism, you need to add another simple mechanism that looks like a hand.

For the "hand" you will need:

Long strips of metal, 2 cm wide - 4 pcs.
Corner-2 pcs.

At the end of one of the strips, you need to weld a metal part on which this strip will rest, and the corner will play the role of the supporting element. We make simple hinges that, when the hatch is open, will maintain the bending angle, while holding part of the weight of the structure.

In order for the load to be distributed evenly between two different hinges, this assembly must be fixed correctly. Yes, his need to fix with fully deployed first hinges.

Attic ladder device

It remains to make the attic ladder itself, it should be 35 cm longer than the distance from the floor to the hatch.

The folding ladder will consist of three sections, the length of which it is important to calculate correctly. The first section is equal to the size of the hatch, the second section is slightly shorter than the first (it should not hit the ceiling when unfolding). The third section is equal to the residual segment.

Materials for stairs:

Inch board 10 cm wide.

The angle of inclination of the hatch in the open position, which we previously measured with a small scale, is transferred to the board. That's how we note the slope for the steps.

Let's start marking the bowstring boards for the steps along the lengths of the sections according to the order described above. The boards need to be pressed tightly, fastened with molar tape and marked in the same way, making the slopes of the steps in a mirror image.

The sections will be hinged again, so you need drill a hole for the hinge bolt them on each of the sections with a pen at 25. With a milling cutter, we give all the faces a finished, neat look. We cut the boards exactly according to the sectional markings.

Steps needed cut to length and sand, as well as bowstrings. At the marking places for the steps, you need to make recesses under them of 5 mm. We assemble all the parts using glue and PSh screws.

Folding ladder hinges

To assemble the structure into a folding mechanism, you need to make a set of loops.

Necessary materials:

Metal strips 2.5 cm wide - 8 pcs.
Bolts for hinge 8 mm and self-tapping screws.

In order for the loops to serve and not bend, on four strips you need weld additional segments the same metal (about 1/3). We make holes in each strip - 2 small ones for attaching to the bowstring (one from below and one under the finished piece), and one large 8 mm for the hinge (on top).

The hinges must be fixed when the ladder itself lies on a flat surface. The hinge must be fixed so that the pivot bolt lay down in a previously drilled hole, and the ends were along the edge of the bowstring. So fasten all four loops.

Ladder installation

We collect all the elements and install them in their places, and the first segment of the stairs is stationary and needs to be attach with corners to the hatch cover.

We check the operation of the mechanism, if everything suits you, then we disassemble it again for processing. varnishing wood, primed and painted metal.

As you can see, there is nothing difficult in creating an attic staircase with your own hands, especially when photos of drawings are available on the Internet. All metal parts can be made by yourself, and even easier to buy ready-made. Then it’s a pleasure at all - it remains only to assemble this constructor.

Any room in the house can and should be equipped in an optimal way for living people. This also applies to the attic. A do-it-yourself attic staircase becomes an excellent example of the correct use of space and forces to organize the space inside the room.

The ascent to the attic includes a ladder itself, a special hatch for penetration and a system of levers for fixing the installed span. A DIY attic staircase saves money and ensures excellent construction quality.

Classic view of a retractable staircase to the attic

There are plenty of options on how to make a staircase to the attic. Therefore, it is up to you to choose the optimal solution and implement it.

Ladder manufacturing, installation and testing are the main stages of work. But without the design and calculation of the future structure, construction will be complicated, and the quality may not meet expectations.

The beginning of work is the creation of a hatch leading to the top. A do-it-yourself attic ladder is a great approach if you have sufficient knowledge and skills. The correct choice of the location of the hatch, its precise creation and equipment for the stairs form the basis of the entire project.

You have 2 options: use a ready-made hatch or make it yourself. The dimensions of the hole should be comfortable for lifting, so as not to touch the head with the ceiling and slings. The place should not be crossed by beams and load-bearing elements. The hatch must be additionally insulated, because the integrity of the structure is broken and this can lead to heat loss.

If you decide to make an attic staircase with your own hands, then you should understand that this is not just a classic path to the top floor. The attic staircase has its own characteristics and requires a special approach.

The manufacture of a hatch for an attic staircase includes the following work:

Drawing development
Accounting and detailed analysis of the thickness of all structural elements, hatch dimensions.
Selection of necessary materials and tools.
Forming a hole where there will be a folding ladder or another option for climbing to the attic.
Assembly of the hatch frame and secure fixation of all elements.
Making a cover from the remains of a floor covering.
Decorative design and complex of insulation works.

As a result, you get an equipped hatch that closes easily for a while.

The hatch in the closed position practically does not stand out against the background of the ceiling

DIY folding ladder to the attic

In most cases, the design of the stairs to the attic seems to be exactly that. A loft ladder that can be freely folded looks comfortable and practical, saving space without sacrificing functionality.

Self-production of this type of stairs is quite complicated and time-consuming, but with proper preparation and step-by-step execution, it is quite feasible. From the tools for making a folding attic ladder, you will need the following:

Hacksaw
Mounting foam
Screwdriver (preferably electric)
Screwdriver
Anchor bolts
Self-tapping screws of different diameters
Loops for fastening
Roulette.

Before starting the production of an attic ladder, you should take care of the presence of an attached ladder, which will serve as the basis for work. A folding ladder can be made in just 1 day, if all materials and tools are available.

This design option is objectively the most popular, for which there are reasons:

Folding ladder allows you to significantly save space.
The element easily develops and is extremely simple in operation.
Harmonious fit into any interior.
Fast production speed.
High strength and long service life.

If you manage to make a folding staircase exactly to the planned dimensions, then you will get a spectacular and effective element in home improvement.

Standard sizes

Although the attic stairs are made by hand, there are certain well-established dimensions that are recommended to be observed. They are selected and laid down at the design stage, and during the manufacturing process they serve as the starting point for all actions. Below is a list of sizes that can be used:

With a ladder height of 290 cm: 60x90, 60x120 or 70x120 cm.
Height 280 cm: 60x120 and 70x120 cm.
Height up to 280 cm: 60x120, 70x120 and 70x130 cm.

This is the accepted order of numbers. In any case, you choose the final parameters yourself, solely from personal preferences and understanding of the ease of use of the structure.

Drawing

Here is a set of diverse stairs with detailed drawings for work.

The manufacturing process step by step with photo illustrations and a detailed description

When making stairs for the attic, it is important to follow the stages of work in order to get the best result. To do this, we offer you a universal instruction (attention: some changes and adjustments are allowed for a specific case).

Drawing development. It does not require high accuracy and correct design. The main thing is that your document is understandable to you personally and contains precisely calculated and verified parameters.
Preparatory work. This important and extensive stage includes the selection of a complete set of tools and materials that will be required to complete the work. Already at this stage, the drawing will help you a lot, because you will visualize how the staircase will look like, which means you can easily make a complete list of everything you need.
Base frame manufacturing. Based on the standard and selected size of the hatch, you form frames, carefully adjusting all corners and cleaning individual sections.

Installed frame and mounted sunroof in open position

The frame is installed in the working position and fastened with bolts and inserts. The opening fits perfectly.
After mounting the frame, the manhole cover is inserted into the body.
On the rails make grooves for stairs.
The ends of the support beams should be cut at an angle that will optimally fit the floor when the stairs are opened.
The sawn off and polished steps are carefully placed in the groove and secured with self-tapping screws.

Installation of steps on the bases

All elements (stair segments) are assembled into a single structure. Metal hinges are used to fasten all parts.

Metal loops for connecting structural elements

The ladder assembled on the floor is installed in the working position and attached to the hatch frame.
Be sure to carefully check how the design you created works. To do this, perform a full set of opening / closing movements several times.

Ladder of several sections in the assembled state

See how you can make a ladder to the attic with a good example

Attic ladder mechanism with hatch - articulated without spring

The design of the hatch opening mechanism is one of the key elements in the development of stairs. You can purchase a ready-to-install mechanism at any general store. If you do not want to purchase such parts, you can make it yourself.

To make a simple version of the opening system, you will need the following set of parts and tools: a corner, a metal sheet (a small piece), 2 strips with different lengths of the canvas, bolts for fasteners, drills, bevel, jigsaw, tees and clamps.

The manufacture of the mechanism for the stairs is as follows:

Drawing up a drawing with a detailed description of the elements. Be sure to calculate the angle of contact and the angle of inclination of the cover when opening.
Make a draft of the mechanism out of cardboard in order to accurately calculate the size of the hinge.
Take metal strips and mark holes on them. This is where the hinges will be installed. The size of the hole is determined by the size of the M10 bolt.
The strips are assembled together into a single structure and tightened, but not much.
The exact angle is determined using a bevel.
Extend the created mechanism to the set angle.
On a metal sheet, mark the part that will overlap when the hatch is open.
Use a jigsaw to cut this section.
The strips must have a presentable appearance, for which they are carefully cleaned and rounded. The processing of all elements is very important, because it is this that guarantees the exact correspondence of all elements and their optimal fit. Friction between parts must not be allowed.
To make the second part of the mechanism, we recommend using clamps. To give accuracy to the dimensions, it is enough to securely fasten the finished element and the source.
Also, with the help of clamps, you can achieve the exact location of the holes.
After the holes for the bolts are created, a bolt is placed in the finished one.
The blanks are twisted with two bolts and aligned in length.

Your task is to make 2 identical mechanisms. Completely finished opening mechanisms are installed on the hatch. Be sure to re-try the hatch with the mechanisms to the opening - make sure there are no gaps and areas where the elements are in contact.

Adjusting the structure in this area is possible and is not difficult, so be careful about this.

The hinge is easy to use and allows you to use the stairs with comfort.

Stair options

Attic stairs can have several types. The choice allows you to optimally equip any room, depending on your personal wishes and needs.

- folding ladder on hinges

A fairly common format for making stairs. The project consists of 3 sections, which are connected into a single structure. This format is suitable for equipping stairs in any room. Hinges for the opening hatch can be purchased ready-made and installed as soon as possible.

Folding ladder with hinges

- a simple wooden staircase

This option is more attractive and is a certain modernization of the previous design. For manufacturing, it is enough to saw a standard ladder into 3 sections. The smallest one should be the size of the hatch, the second one should be larger, and the third one should completely cover the remaining distance to the floor. Make grooves on and mount steps in them. Be sure to accurately handle all corners and surfaces.

- folding ladder in two parts

A variant of the attic staircase, which is suitable for a small room height or a view of a simplified design.

Folding ladder

- sliding attic stairs - retractable marches to the attic

Staircase with large retractable sections that pull out and at the same time close the distance to the hatch. Requires precise fitting of elements and sufficient space.

Sliding ladder

- stairs to the attic from the street with your own hands

Attic stairs can have an unlimited number of options - below you can admire the completed projects.

Staircase from the street

Photo gallery of attic stairs

Today on the net you can find a large number of designs of stairs for the attic. Everyone can make them with their own hands, so you should not be afraid - you just need to prepare well and do it.

A ladder to the attic with your own hands is a great way to make the house more comfortable, and going to the attic is a real pleasure. The design has a small set of technical difficulties - therefore, the product is often made by hand. Basic rules for someone who decides to make an attic staircase on their own:

Carefully draw up a drawing based on the dimensions obtained and personal wishes.
Choose the best quality tools and materials.
Carefully inspect all connecting elements and docking parts.
Check the elements of the stairs more often to prevent defects and eliminate them in a timely manner.

The stairs to the attic are easy to decorate and fit perfectly into the style of any room. Comfortable handles and secure fixation form an ideal way to climb to the top, which is an excellent alternative to a standard fixed ladder.