Propagation of domestic violets through leaves. The best way to breed violets at home. Rules for choosing a leaf for rooting

This charming plant doesn't represent a lot of work . You just need to observe some subtleties.

Which breeding is more popular? Breed Saintpaulias it can be done in different ways:

Here we will describe in detail the propagation of violets by leaves at home.

Propagation of violets

Leaf

Below we will learn how to properly propagate violets from leaves.

When is the best time to root?

In this matter Opinions among leading collectors differ:

In autumn the sun is milder, the temperature is more comfortable, but nature falls asleep, And indoor plants no exception. Moreover, the length daylight hours becomes less than 10-12 hours.

So it's clean practical point vision best time for the propagation of violets - this is August-early September. Each reproduction has its own timing.

Not all beginners know how to propagate. The photo is presented step by step in the article and you can see it.

Advice! If there is a shelf with proper lighting, then the time of year for the rooting of Saintpaulia will not matter at all.

Material selection

Not many people know how violets reproduce by leaf. Depending on which leaf is taken for growing violets at home, depends on the rate at which young rosettes appear. First of all, take an absolutely healthy plant. This means that all leaves:

• Good turgor;
• Correct color of leaf plates;
• And they are oriented strictly horizontally.

It is not recommended to take the sheet from the lowest tier sockets, since the appearance of children will have to wait a long time. Can't take planting material from upper tier– you can damage not only the peduncles that are formed, but also the growing point of the violet. In addition, a leaf that is too young will not sprout until it matures.

It is best to take a violet leaf from the 2-3 tier.

Most of all for this purpose leaves from 2-3 tiers are suitable. The sheet must be without:

• scratch;
• Spots;
• And other damage.

Leaf plate breaks off at the very base. It is not recommended to cut it with a knife or scissors, because the remaining stalk without a leaf begins to rot, becoming a conductor of infections and diseases. It is advisable to treat the broken area activated carbon.

Stages of work

Wondering how to dilute violet from a leaf? So as not to rush around looking for necessary tools and ingredients during operation, must be prepared in advance:

• Violet, from which planting material will be taken;
• Cups in which planting will be carried out;
• Prepare loose soil, boiled water or a peat tablet, it all depends on what the violet will take root in;
• Disinfected knife with a sharp blade;
• Activated carbon;
• The drug "Kornevin";
• Cellophane bag;
• A sticker with the violet variety and rooting date written on it.

Everyone needs to know how to propagate violets from leaves. The breeding process takes place in the next stages:

1. Need to decide in what environment Saintpaulia will take root:
   • How to propagate violet leaves at home in water? Pour water into a glass and dissolve an activated carbon tablet in it;
   • In the ground - pour the substrate into a glass, at the bottom of which there is small expanded clay or polystyrene foam, moisten it well;
   • In a peat tablet, first soak it in water and remove the film.
2. Separate the selected leaf from the violet;
3. Make a cut with a knife on the handle at an angle of 45 degrees. The length of the cutting should be 4 cm. If the stem is shorter, then cut off the very tip. Let the cut dry for about 15 minutes;
4. Place the leaf in a cup, immersing it 1 cm in the selected medium. If a peat tablet is chosen as the soil, then powder the cut of the cutting with “Kornevin”;
5. Place the cup with the leaf plate in a plastic bag or greenhouse.

Advice! When rooting violets in water, it is better to use opaque containers - algae will not develop.

What is better - water or soil?

The owner decides where it is best to root Saintpaulia, but it is necessary take into account the following:

When rooting a Saintpaulia leaf in soil or a peat tablet, replanting is carried out when violets have already appeared. The roots, which are stronger, are not injured. Violet adapts faster. It is necessary to know how to properly propagate violets using leaves. You can see this process step by step in the photo below.

It is necessary to be able to correctly separate a violet leaf.

Aftercare

Rooting of violets lasts 1.5-2 months depending on the variety and what leaves were used for this. For example, when buying a leaf plate at an exhibition, it is extremely rare that the owners of the mother plant sell sheets of 2-3 rows. First of all, they sell the lower, older leaves of the rosette, which take longer to take root.

When the diameter of young violets reaches 3-4 cm, the time comes to separate them from the mother leaf. The earthen lump is taken out of the cup and the soil is carefully shaken off. Divide the sockets so that the child has a few horses left. Planted in cups with a diameter of 5-6 cm.

The violet is planted in a permanent pot only after:

• Its rosette reaches 8-10 cm in diameter;
• Or when the roots are very tightly entangled in an earthen ball.

In the latter case, if the glass was very small, there is no need to rush to replant the violet immediately for permanent residence, it is better to plant it in a container that is 2-3 cm larger than the previous one.

A fragment of a sheet

There are times when there is no whole leaf blade to use for propagation. Then you can raise offspring part of the sheet. The most important thing is that it has at least one vein. On these veins there are meristem buds that produce offspring.

It is not uncommon to resort to propagation by leaf cuttings. Step by step photo you can see which shows how to properly divide a sheet.

Violet can be propagated by leaf fragments.

The violet should be rooted by dividing the leaf. only using soil:

1. All suspicious spots are removed from the leaf blade;
2. Cut it across the veins;
3. Carefully, a couple of millimeters, the fragment is immersed in the ground on the side on which the thickened parts of the veins are located;
4. Place the fragment planted in the cup in a plastic bag and place it in a bright, warm place.

After 3-4 weeks, new sprouts will appear in those places where the veins were in contact with the ground. Leaves with cuts can also be planted this way.

Material received by parcel

You can propagate the leaf by cutting a violet, but it is not always worth ordering. This method can be useful when the material for propagating Saintpaulia received via the Internet. In this case, there is only one leaf that is not the first freshness and a great desire to have a violet of this variety.

This way you can increase your chances to get the desired Saintpaulia:

1. Take a container of such a diameter that you can put a sheet plate there;
2. Fill with loose soil, wetting it generously;
3. Use a sterilized knife to trim the petiole. Place the sheet on a hard surface, wrong side up;
4. On all large veins, make transverse cuts 1-2 cm long; on the central vein, you can make several notches every 2-3 cm;
5. Place the sheet on the substrate with the wrong side and pin it to the ground for a tighter fit;
6. Spray the leaf and ground with foundationazole;
7. Cover the container with the violet leaf with glass and place in a warm, shaded place;
8. After the young plants appear, they are grown for some time under the same conditions;
9. When the young Saintpaulias grow up, they are separated and planted.

By adhering to all the rules, you will know how to properly propagate violets from leaves.

Attention! In the last two methods of propagation, it is very important how the leaf plates are cut: they should run across the veins.

Leaf without petiole

Not many beginners know how to propagate indoor violets with leaves without cuttings. Don't be upset when as a result of careless movement or during transportation the stem of the violet leaf broke off. For rooting it is enough if it is 0.5-1 cm.

Violet can be propagated by leaves without cuttings.

To “make” a new cutting, necessary:

• Place the sheet plate on a hard surface;
• Using a sharp knife, make 1 cm long cuts along the central vein;
• Cut off “extra” pieces of leaf along the side veins;
• Stick the resulting cutting into a cup with soil.

And that's not all. If, as a result of the operation, veins remain on the “extra” pieces of the leaf plate, then they you can stick it in the same glass cross sections of veins into the ground.

During flowering

With proper agricultural technology, violet maybe practically all year round . The question arises: when will it be possible to take a leaf from it to get a second copy? Answer: any time. The main thing is that the leaf is healthy, without damage.

leaf take from 2-3 rows from the bottom. This will go unnoticed by the blooming violet, since the flower stalks are laid higher. If Saintpaulia is very young, there are still few rows in the rosette, it is better to wait until the plant matures. Otherwise, you will have to take planting material from the bottom row.

It is better not to replant the violet.

Selecting soil for rooting

How many people - so many opinions. Everyone chooses the substrate for propagating violets that is closer to them. It could be:

In all of the above substrates, Saintpaulia cuttings take root perfectly, but the last three have a significant drawback: after the roots appear, the leaves will have to be replanted in the ground. And this:

1. Damage to the root system;
2. As a consequence, an increase in time for adaptation and the appearance of young growths;
3. The roots grow to the moss. In order not to damage the roots, you have to plant the leaf in the ground along with the moss, and this poses a certain risk of flooding the plant, since the moss takes a very long time to dry out.

Experienced violet breeders prefer:

• Peat tablets;
• Or composite soil.

The advantage of rooting violets is that after the roots appear, the leaf does not need to be replanted anywhere until the young sprouts grow up and it’s time to place them in different cups.

We have already figured out step by step how to plant a leaf directly into the ground. And then you should take care of the plant correctly.

Important! The time from planting a leaf to the start of Saintpaulia flowering is reduced.

Useful video

Find out how to propagate violets with leaves in the video:

Watch how to separate a violet from a leaf in the video:

Interesting facts about when violet babies appear in the video:

Find out how to propagate violets at home in the video:

Conclusion

In such uncomplicated ways and with minimum costs, violet leaf is much cheaper Even small violets, you can significantly increase and diversify your collection of these fragile beauties.

When Uzambara violets appear on the windowsill, the gardener definitely has a desire to expand the collection with other varieties or get new rosettes from existing ones. Most often, at home, violets are propagated by leaves cut from an adult plant of their choice.

This is the simplest and most common way of growing young rosettes, which will be easy to master even for beginners who have only recently become interested in such an amazing crop as Saintpaulia.

Favorable times for the propagation of violets are the spring and summer months, when the plants have enough warmth and light. But if necessary, for example, if planting a violet with a leaf - the only way To save a rare variety, then an experienced gardener can carry out his plans even during the short daylight hours.

Selecting and obtaining a leaf for violet propagation

The success of violet propagation largely depends on the chosen planting material. If the leaf turns out to be weak or diseased, it will be very difficult, and sometimes even unrealistic, to get abundant and strong offspring from it.

Therefore, before growing a violet from a leaf, they are very careful in choosing it. Experienced gardeners advise not to use leaves from the lowest tier, closest to the ground, for propagation. They are the oldest, perhaps already weakened, and on such leaf plates there is a high probability of bacteria and fungal spores settling.

It is best to cut a cutting from the second or third tier, where the leaves are sufficiently formed, have reached adult size and have pronounced turgor.

Sometimes the planting material turns out to be drooping, lost appearance and elasticity. This happens if they want to get a new socket from a sheet purchased in a store, received by mail from a nursery, or received from friends.

A long journey, and sometimes just irregular conditions, quickly affect the condition of the leaf blade and cuttings. Therefore, before planting, it is better to place the entire leaf intended for violet propagation in warm boiled water, to which several crystals of potassium permanganate have previously been added. This measure will allow the sheet to return to its previous state and disinfect it.

Then the stalk of the leaf, dried on a napkin, is carefully cut with a sharp knife at a distance of 3–4 cm from the base of the leaf blade. The cut can be either straight or at an angle of 45°.

Rooting a leaf for violet propagation in water

The faster the cut leaf gets into the water, the easier and faster it will be the process will begin root formation.

For a beginner who has never propagated violets before, the easiest way to root a leaf is in boiled or settled water. This will allow:

• accurately monitor the condition of planting material;
• prevent rotting of the cuttings in time;
• see the formation of the root system and the rudiments of future rosettes.

Before the violet propagation leaf is placed in water, the container is thoroughly washed, and if it is a multi-use dish, it is sterilized. It is best to take small glasses or vials made of dark glass, which will prevent the formation of green algae on the walls of the vessel and contamination of the water. procedure for the rooting procedure:

• The leaf is buried 1.5–2 cm.
• The cut of the cutting should not touch the vessel, for which the leaf can be fixed with a sheet of paper or a lid on a container of water.
• To prevent the development of pathogenic bacteria and microscopic algae, an activated carbon tablet is dipped into the water.
• The evaporated moisture is gradually added again, using only settled clean water, trying not to wet the sheet plate and without changing the initial liquid level.

Depending on the variety and condition of the leaf chosen for violet propagation, the appearance of roots can be noticed after 2–4 weeks.

If, despite all efforts, not roots but traces of rot appear on the cut, the leaf is removed from the water, dried and carefully trimmed, removing damaged tissue. The same coal will help prevent rotting, only in this case it will be crushed into powder. A new cut is treated with it, and then the sheet is immersed in water again.

If there are signs of rotting, the water is changed and the container is disinfected.

When strong, numerous roots 1–2 cm long have developed on the leaf cuttings, it’s time to transfer the leaf to soil mixture.

IN in some cases flower growers do not remove planting material from the water until tiny rosettes form on the cuttings. And they are already dropped into the nutrient substrate. However, there is a danger of weakening of the sprouts, slowdown in growth and development. To grow a violet from a leaf that has already taken root, take small plastic glasses or pots with holes for draining water. The vessels are filled one third with fine drainage, then the glasses are filled almost to the top with soil.

How to plant a violet leaf in the soil? First of all, the cutting and the leaf itself should not be too deep. Otherwise, the resulting rosettes will take a long time to make their way to the surface, will weaken, or may not hatch at all. The soil around the cutting is compacted, moistened, and in this form the pot is placed in a greenhouse or covered with a bag to create a favorable atmosphere for violet propagation and retain moisture. If the gardener plans to grow several varieties of violets from leaves at the same time, the pots are equipped with appropriate inscriptions about the name of the plant and the date of its planting.

Plants are removed from the greenhouse or from under the film after the young foliage appears above the ground level. As a rule, it may take at least two weeks to wait for this moment.

Rooting a violet leaf in a soil mixture

Leaves planted immediately into the ground take root well, and the process of growing violets from leaf cuttings goes much faster. This method is indispensable when, to propagate violets, they took a leaf from a still young, immature plant or, conversely, the planting material was obtained already withering.

The leaf is prepared in the same way as in the first case, but the stalk on miniature varieties is shortened even further, leaving only a centimeter to one and a half.

Small cups or pots with a volume of up to 100 ml and a diameter of about 5 cm are well suited for planting. The containers are filled one third with drainage material. If it is expanded clay, it would be a good idea to calcinate it in the oven to minimize the risk of the spread of fungal and mold infections.

Next, pour the soil mixture into the cup and make a hole for the cutting. To fill this depression, they do not use ordinary soil, but mixed with perlite for looseness. In this case, it will be easier for small rosettes to develop and receive the necessary air.

Sometimes you can see advice on growing violets on pure perlite. However, such a solution can result in the death of fragile plants, since perlite without other soil components does not retain moisture well and dries quickly.

The composition of the soil for violets includes not only perlite, but also sphagnum moss, which retains water and has an antibacterial effect.

When planting, the soil mixture should be slightly moist. Planting material is buried in the ground no more than 5 mm for miniature varieties and 1–1.5 cm for violets standard sizes. By watching a video on how to propagate violets with leaves, you can learn a lot of interesting information about the intricacies of this process and subsequently avoid annoying mistakes. You can plant several leaves in one cup, the main thing is that they are of the same variety and carefully labeled.

As in the first case, when cuttings with formed roots were planted in the soil, the soil is slightly squeezed, moistened, and the glass is placed in a greenhouse. To prevent mold from forming on the soil and plants from rotting, the plantings are ventilated from time to time, protecting them from drafts and cold air.

Good results are obtained by planting leaves intended for propagation of violets in peat tablets. Due to the loose, nutritious substrate, plants quickly form roots and young rosettes.

How to grow a violet from a leaf? What conditions are important for a young plant, and how to care for the sprout so that it takes root successfully and quickly? The most important condition for the success of the growing process can be considered constant attention to the tiny violet plant, which is provided with:

• light, nutritious soil that is permeable to air and moisture;
• stable growing temperature of about 22–26 °C;
• daylight hours lasting at least 12 hours;
• regular and uniform watering;
• constant humidity and protection from wind.

Violets feel very good on shelves equipped with comfortable conditions for growth even in autumn and winter.

Composition of soil for violets and its preparation

The soil mixture for planting violets with leaves is prepared in advance, always one day before the plant enters the soil, disinfecting it and mixing it with all components and fertilizers.

As a basis for the substrate you can take ready soil for violets or seedlings garden crops. But better effect experienced flower growers they promise if you make the mixture yourself. Moreover, there are many interesting soil compositions for violets. One of them was proposed by the famous breeder B. Makuni:

• 1 part leaf humus;
• 3 parts peeled horseradish;
• 1 part clean sand;
• 2 parts green moss;
• 1 part sphagnum;
• 1 part garden soil.

Today, substances such as perlite and vermiculite are increasingly used for soil mixtures for growing violets, providing good soil structure and looseness. To disinfect the soil and its quality, crushed charcoal and sphagnum are introduced into the soil. You cannot overdo it with the last component, otherwise the soil will become water-intensive, and the roots of violets in it can rot.

If sphagnum is used in soil for violets, it is crushed. In general, this moss is good for drainage in small pots.

Separation of new rosettes when propagating violets by leaf

The formation of several daughter rosettes with a diameter of 3 to 5 cm at the base of the leaf indicates that it is time to plant the plants. If violets of variegated varieties are propagated by leaves at home, the daughter plants must be green at the time of transplantation, otherwise the white leaves will not be able to provide nutrition to the acclimatizing rosette.

In this case, the children will have to be divided in such a way that each tiny rosette has at least one pair of leaves with a developed growth point and a certain number of roots.

To make separation less traumatic for violets:

• the soil in the pot is well moistened;
• the plant is removed along with the soil clod;
• gradually clear the roots from the soil.

To propagate violets of such tiny sizes, take the smallest pots with a diameter of up to 4 cm, where the daughter rosettes are transferred, without being buried, like the cuttings, before.

It is better to plant children with insufficient roots not in the ground, but, like leaf cuttings, in a mixture of soil and perlite. Such a plant is placed in a greenhouse or on film for 10–14 days.

On permanent place grown rosettes are transplanted when their diameter is 1.5–2 times the size of the pot. In this case, the plants will require containers with a diameter of up to 6 cm, and it is better to transfer the violets into them together with the existing earthen lump, and new soil pour to the bottom and around the circumference, sealing the rosette in the pot.

Propagating violets by leaf is one of the easiest ways to get this beautiful flower. The violet is one of the most famous indoor plants and quite often becomes bright decoration window sill. But not many flower growers want to spend extra money on purchasing flowers, because they are quite easy to propagate at home. It is only important to comply correct sequence actions.

Today we will talk about what conditions are needed for successful propagation of violets, how to choose the right flower and specific leaf, talk about the selection of pots, fertilizers and other nuances of floriculture.

It’s hard to call a violet absolutely unpretentious plant— for its normal growth, it is necessary to create comfortable conditions, which will take time. If it is missing, then it is recommended to choose another, less capricious indoor plant. Below we will talk about the conditions that these indoor flowers require.

When is the best time to propagate plants?

The most comfortable time for obtaining new plants is from the beginning of spring to the end of summer - it is during this period of time that the longest daylight hours are observed. In addition, all flowers begin their active growth after the cold weather.

Lighting

For normal reproduction and growth, violets need about 12-13 hours of daylight per day. However, direct sun rays have a detrimental effect on the plant, young leaves begin to quickly dry out from severe burns.

But even in the absence sunlight the plant will not be able to grow, so it is important to ensure that the lighting is diffused. You can shade a window sill with violets using tulle or blinds.

Sometimes artificial lamps are specially installed for violets (you can choose various LED models). There are lamps created specifically for illuminating flowers and seedlings - they can be purchased in specialized stores. This is especially necessary if the plant is located away from sunlight, not on a windowsill.

Temperature

Violets, like many other indoor plants, love warmth, so they will need to provide an air temperature within 21-25 degrees. But, excessive heat is no less harmful to the plant - in summer time years, when the air heats up too much, the violet leaves begin to wither. Overheating generally has a negative effect on the growth of violets, as a result of which the flowers become small and faded.

To avoid this negative phenomenon, you need to install an air conditioner near the flower pots. In its absence, you can periodically open the window and ventilate the room, and some gardeners prefer to use a portable fan.

Humidity

Too dry air has a negative effect on violets, especially during reproduction. That is why the pot with the leaf is covered with a kind of “greenhouse”. This allows the plant to optimal humidity air - about 55-60%.

Soil

To plant violets, it is necessary to prepare soil with a certain composition. It is important that the soil is well loosened and slightly acidic, so you should not use soil from the garden in its pure form for such purposes - for young plant it will seem too heavy.

You can buy ready-made soil for planting violets in the store. You just need to carefully study its composition, because not all manufacturers have high-quality soil.

Sometimes the composition does not at all meet the needs of violets, and therefore you can prepare a mixture for planting yourself from the following components:

• peat and garden soil – 55%;
• perlite – 15%;
• swamp moss – 25%;
• soil for planting violets and charcoal - 5%.

As additional components for feeding the plant, ground egg shells, coniferous soil and other additives are added to the soil mixture. As a result, the soil should be loose to allow air to penetrate to the root system.

Table 1. Application of various soil additives

Important point! Before adding vermiculite or bog moss to the soil, these components should be thoroughly rinsed with running water.

Choosing a pot

When propagating violets by leaves, stepsons or seeds, use any container with a diameter of 4-5 centimeters with holes in the bottom for air circulation. In addition, the lower part of the container is filled with expanded clay to avoid moisture stagnation. The plant should be transplanted into a larger pot only when it becomes twice the size of its temporary capacity.

Violet propagation methods

Many gardeners prefer to propagate violets using leaves that are placed in water and soil. Sometimes this can be done even if there is some part of the sheet. Thanks to this method, you can save rare variety violets, if the plant itself could not be saved.

But there are other methods of propagating violets - using daughter rosettes, dividing shoots and seeds. Each method has its advantages, but the simplest and most quick method It is considered to be leafy. We will talk about its features below.

Propagation using a leaf

The popularity of this method of propagating violets is due to the simplicity of the steps. But, in such a matter, it is important to follow the exact sequence and be patient. The following stages of breeding are distinguished:

• selection of the correct sheet;;
• the process of planting cuttings in water or soil;
• separation of shoots;
• replanting germinating rosettes.

Correct execution of these steps will allow you to get large number indoor violets.

Selecting a sheet

Successful flower growing depends on choosing the right leaf. It should be borne in mind that planting material is taken only from strong plants. The leaves at the bottom of the rosette are not at all suitable for such purposes, because they are already quite mature, which is why they will take root poorly.

For propagation, you should not take leaves from the central part of the rosette, since when cutting planting material in this place, you can accidentally damage the main growth point of the plant.

The correct planting material is cut from the following rows from the bottom rosette - these are the leaves that are ideal for propagation and take root quickly. It should be remembered that they must be durable, green and without any damage to the surface.

Important point! If the violet leaf has begun to wither, it can still be revived. A small amount of manganese is added to purified water, and then the leaf is placed in this solution for 2-3 hours. Then a few centimeters should be cut off from its base, and only then used for breeding.

How to cut a cutting correctly?

Some novice gardeners prefer to simply pick a leaf and use it for planting. However, such a cutting is unlikely to take root normally, and in order to be sure to succeed, planting material should be prepared according to certain rules.

Usually the leaf is cut using sharp knife, medical scalpel or sharp blade. Any instrument should be disinfected with an alcohol solution before the procedure. Next, you can cut the sheet - you need to tilt it and place it on flat surface and then cut at an angle. The length of the leaf stem should be about 4-5 centimeters - it depends on the depth landing capacity. The cut must first dry out a little; sometimes it is treated with charcoal.

There is another, faster way to get a cutting for planting: you need to measure the required distance from the leaf, and then break off the stem. This method is used only in extreme cases, when there is no special tools, since when broken off, the stem tissues are crushed, which can lead to the loss of planting material.

Planting cuttings in water

It is advisable to choose a dark glass container for such purposes (you can use empty, clean bottles from medicines). Next you need to follow step by step instructions for rooting cuttings in water.

Table 2. Instructions for rooting cuttings in water

Illustration	Description
	Step one: fill the container with water. It is advisable to use boiled or filtered water for such purposes. It is necessary to dissolve half a tablet of activated carbon in it. It is not necessary to fill the glass to the very brim; the stem should be no more than 2 centimeters under water. You can fix the sheet in a certain position using a paper sheet with a hole in the middle.
	Step two: we make a kind of greenhouse. To do this, cover the top of the plant plastic cover. However, this step is not necessary, because the plant will produce roots in any case (this will happen faster in a greenhouse).
	Step three: control the water level in the container. The water should not be constantly changed, but it is important to ensure that it does not dry out and add liquid if necessary. At this time, you will have to especially carefully monitor temperature changes in the room, and drafts should also be excluded.
	Step four: wait for the roots to appear. They become noticeable after about 12-14 days. Cuttings are transplanted into the ground when the roots extend more than 1 centimeter.

Important point! The leaf can rot in a container with water various reasons. If this does happen, then it is necessary to cut off the affected part according to all the rules and replace the water.

Rooting cuttings into soil

There is another one no less known method propagation of violets by leaf - planting directly into the soil. To do this, you must follow the instructions.

Table 3. Rooting the cuttings into the soil

Illustration	Description
	Step one: take a disposable plastic cup and make several holes in its bottom.
	Step two: fill 1/3 of a glass with a layer of polystyrene foam or expanded clay (as drainage). Then you need to pour the prepared soil mixture into the glass or prepare it yourself. Then you should make a depression in the middle.
	Step three: dilute Fitosporin (powdered plant disinfectant) in clean water. Then you need to dip the cuttings into the resulting solution and moisten the soil with it. Afterwards, the cuttings are placed in the hole and sprinkled with soil.
	Step four: place the containers with the cuttings in a bright and warm place. For greater efficiency, it is better to cover each glass with film, making a kind of greenhouse.

Important point! This method has a clear drawback - it is impossible to observe the growth of the plant’s root system and be sure that the leaf has taken root. Note that if the grower follows the planting technology, the cuttings are more likely to take root.

It is not necessary to cover containers with violets with a plastic bag. Moreover, some unpretentious varieties Plants take root well even without a greenhouse. However, when breeding rare, decorative species Still, you will have to build a shelter.

Video - Propagation of violets using leaves

Seating violet babies

The first leaves of a freshly planted violet begin to appear after approximately 6-12 weeks. However, children can be planted already if there are four young leaves, and the average height of the plant should be 5-6 centimeters. The exception is some miniature ornamental plants.

You will need to take a pot with a diameter of about 10 centimeters, then, as in the previous planting method, fill the bottom with expanded clay and slightly acidic soil. The rosette is placed in the center of the container and sprinkled with earth. This must be done very carefully so as not to damage the growth center, otherwise the plant will quickly die. Afterwards, moisten the soil abundantly with water and place the pot in a lighted place.

Reproduction using a leaf fragment

This method of breeding violets is used in cases where it was not possible to obtain the normal amount of material for planting. Sometimes rare plant begins to rot or dry out, and in order to save it, cut off the stalk and leave a certain part of the leaf.

The leaf must be trimmed in such a way that its upper third with the vein remains. The cut should dry, it is also treated by sprinkling it with crushed activated carbon. When planting a leaf in the ground, it should be taken into account that the cut part must be deepened into the soil as much as possible. To make it take root faster, more bog moss is added to the soil. Because it has bactericidal properties and retains moisture.

Important point! As a result of violet propagation, many more children can be obtained from the cut part of the leaf than with any other method.

Propagation of violets by daughter rosettes

Sometimes, when there is an excessive content of nitrogenous fertilizers in the soil, daughter rosettes begin to form on the axils of the leaves of the plant, which are usually called stepsons. Usually they are removed so that they do not spoil general view violets.

These daughter rosettes can be used to propagate the plant - thanks to this method, all the varietal qualities of the violet are preserved. You just need to wait until 4-5 leaves form on this rosette. Stepchildren are planted using the usual method in moist, loose soil.

Propagation of violets by seeds

The process of collecting planting material is quite labor-intensive, because you first have to select two healthy, strong plants suitable for reproduction, and then collect pollen from one of them yourself and pollinate another plant with it. The next step is to wait for the pollinated violet to bloom and collect the seeds. On average, this happens after 3.5 months, when the seed boxes dry out. Then the seeds will need to be carefully collected and sent for storage in dark place for 2-3 days.

To plant seeds, choose a spacious container into which soil and fertilizers are first poured. Then you need to add fine sand to the planting material and pour this mixture into the container. There is no need to fill the soil with a top layer.

The container with seeds is placed under artificial lamps and covered with a plastic lid. When the first shoots appear, they are planted in separate glasses, and then planted according to standard rules.

Difficulties in breeding violets

Often, gardeners do not perform planting cuttings correctly, as a result of which they die. The most common errors are:

• too acidic soil;
• exposure to direct sunlight on violets;
• excessive or poor watering;
• lack of treatment with disinfectants.
• low air temperature and humidity.

Basically, beginner gardeners face such problems due to ignorance of some important rules propagation of violets. Therefore, in order not to waste time and planting material, you should study these subtleties in advance - we described all of them in our article. Growing violets yourself is very interesting, and if you follow the step-by-step instructions exactly, it is impossible to make a mistake. We wish you good luck!

As soon as someone has just one violet on the windowsill, the owner will soon have a desire to decorate with similar ones. charming bushes the whole apartment. He will no longer be able to calmly pass by a new variety of violet he saw at a party or in the office - he will definitely ask for the desired leaf or buy it in an online store. Reproduce this wonderful flower It is not at all difficult if the planting material is taken from an adult, abundantly flowering and, most importantly, healthy mother plant. There are several ways to propagate violets at home. We will introduce you to them in order.

Propagation of violets by leaf is the simplest, most successful and, therefore, most often used method at home. In the spring, during the active growing season, a middle-aged leaf with a petiole 2 to 5 cm in length is cut from an adult violet from the second or third row of the rosette (under the peduncle). If the cutting is long, cut off the excess with an oblique cut. For some time, about half an hour, the cut cuttings should air dry.

Leaves that are too young or too old are not suitable for propagation, as are the outer ones. Leaves from the center of the rosette are also not suitable, because they have not yet acquired enough strength and nutrients. The leaf should be without defects or damage, juicy, bright green.

You can root the selected leaf or its cuttings both in water and in the substrate. Do not use all kinds of preparations, so-called rooting accelerators, to root violets. They often do harm than good, since violets have too delicate a tissue structure, and the use chemicals may cause burns and subsequent rotting. To prevent fungal infections, treat the cut of the cutting with crushed activated carbon.

How to root a leaf in water

If you decide to root a violet leaf in water, do it this way. Pour settled water at room temperature to a depth of 1 cm into a glass, preferably a dark one with a narrow neck. You will have to maintain the water level in the glass at 1 cm throughout the entire rooting period (top up as it evaporates).

After the roots appear, you should plant the violet cuttings in a small pot with good drainage and light, loose soil. The seedling needs to be watered frequently so that the substrate does not dry out. You can make it using polyethylene film a small greenhouse. After a month or so, violet babies will appear at the end of the cutting - tiny rosettes of leaves that are ready for planting in normal soil (for Saintpaulias or indoor violets).

How to root a leaf in the ground

If you decide to root the violet leaf directly in the substrate (it is better to use sphagnum moss cut into pieces), do it this way. Treat the cut, slightly air-dried cuttings with crushed activated carbon and plant at an angle of 45 degrees. to a depth of 1 - 2 cm into the moistened substrate, which fills a plastic cup. At the bottom of the cup there should be a drainage hole and a layer of expanded clay or foam. Place this cup in another one, used as a tray. There you will pour warm, settled water to moisten the substrate.

Cover the composition with the cuttings with a plastic bag with holes made in it. This is done to remove condensation from the mini-greenhouse. If you use transparent plastic container with a lid, then, if necessary, the container will need to be ventilated and the substrate will need to be moistened. Choose a place for the greenhouse that is bright and warm. When small leaves of new rosettes appear from the substrate at the end of the cutting, you will understand that rooting has been successful and the seedling is ready to be transplanted into its own small pot with soil suitable for violets.

The rooting of the violet was successful

If several babies hatch at the rooting site, and this happens when you have chosen a strong cutting, replant the babies one by one. The best option For further transplantation of each child, wait until it acquires two or three leaves, is about 3–5 cm in diameter and gains strength. After this, you can separate the violet baby along with its roots from the mother leaf and plant it in the ground.

There are two ways to separate a baby from a cutting:

1. Carefully remove the leaf cutting from the pot and shake off the soil from the roots. Using your hands, carefully separate each baby from the cutting and other babies. In this case, all children should be seated in separate small cups 4 cm in diameter.
2. Do not remove the leaf cutting from the pot, but cut off the grown baby, which has already formed roots, with a clean blade (sharp stationery knife) and plant it in a separate pot with loose soil, which should contain sphagnum moss and vermiculite. Do not touch the remaining children - let them continue to develop on the mother's cuttings. When they grow up, you will also separate them from the cuttings and plant them in your own pot.

Make sure that when transplanting children, the growth point of the seedling is not buried. In about a month, or maybe more, your children will grow up so much that the size of their rosette will be three times the diameter of their pot. Now you need to transplant the young plants along with a lump of earth into their permanent pots according to all the rules for transplanting adult plants.

Propagation of violets using a leaf fragment

If you ordered some unusual variety of violet on the Internet, and the leaves arrived in the mail in a deplorable condition - frozen, rotten, broken in half, the stem rotted or broken off - do not be upset. After all, even a small but healthy part of the leaf is suitable for propagation. Every vein can give you children. Halves, quarters and even fragments of cuttings with one sq. take root well and produce offspring. cm leaf plate. Babies can appear from all the veins found in the substrate. They are, however, smaller and weaker than those children obtained in a different way. And they grow a little slower. Therefore, this method is used only when it is not possible to root a whole healthy leaf with a cutting, when you have no choice, and you are afraid of losing a rare variety that is special to you.

If you only have a rotten leaf, try to cut out the rotten area with a clean blade, touching the healthy part of the leaf. Wash the leaf in a solution of potassium permanganate to stop the rotting process. Now cut out fragments from the healthy part of the leaf blade so that the piece remains with a vein, albeit not a central one, but a lateral one, but this will be one of the conditions for successful rooting. It happens that leaf blades without cuttings, planted in this way, produce children faster, and their number is greater.

How to cut out sheet fragments correctly

The main thing is to cut the violet leaf with a very clean and sharp blade or stationery knife. If there was rot on the leaf blade, the blade should be disinfected after each cut (for example, dipped in a glass with manganese or wiped with alcohol). All lines should, if possible, be carried out with minimal damage to the lateral veins.

You can divide the entire leaf into segments and plant each segment in a mini-greenhouse. Each segment will produce its own children - rosettes of leaves.

You can cut each leaf so that you first cut out the central vein, and then cut each half of the leaf into three parts. Each piece should have a side vein running from the central vein to the edge of the leaf.

You can cut two or three strips from the healthiest part of the leaf, each with two veins. There is a high probability that babies will appear from each vein of the leaf.

A fragment cut along the veins from the upper third of the leaf also takes root quickly and successfully. In this case, each vein forms a daughter rosette, and their total number is greater.

If the variety has wavy edges, simply trim the excess curls in a circle and then work with the flat surface of the leaf as needed

You can cut the sheet in half. Place in the substrate top part fragment along the cut. The lower half of the leaf can be rooted in turn - you will have more children from one leaf.

If your cutting is rotten, cut it to the healthy part of the leaf so that from the central vein you get a homemade small cutting - a stalk, about 1 cm in length. You will root it in the substrate.

No matter how you cut your leaf, after this operation you need to leave all the fragments in the air alone for 15 - 20 minutes so that the sections are covered with film, and only then you can start planting them in the ground.

1. prepare a weak solution of potassium permanganate pink color, lower the fragments prepared for planting into it for 20 minutes;
2. remove from the solution and thoroughly dip the edges of the cuts into crushed activated carbon;
3. Dry for 10 - 15 minutes, and only after that place each fragment in an individual greenhouse.

As a greenhouse for future violets, you can use two 50 ml and one 100 ml cups with different areas bottom. In one, with drainage holes, with polystyrene foam as drainage and sphagnum moss as a substrate, the fragment will take root, use the second 50 ml glass as a tray in which there will always be water. (There should be space between the cups for this water). You can cover these cups with a large 100 ml glass to create a mini-greenhouse. Don't forget to ventilate it occasionally to remove excess condensation. To make babies appear faster, we recommend lighting the greenhouse.

Reproduction of violets using stepsons

Sometimes, due to the high nitrogen content in the soil, small shoots appear in the axils of the violet leaves. These are the stepsons of the violet, in other words, daughter rosettes. Stepchildren spoil the appearance of the plant and are usually removed.

If you need this stepchild to propagate your violet, do so. Wait for four to five leaves to appear on the left stepson. Now that the stepson has become like a baby, it can be cut out from the mother’s rosette of leaves and rooted in a loose, damp substrate (wet sphagnum moss will do) in any container with a lid. After successful rooting, when the young rosette begins to grow, transplant it into your small pot according to all the rules. The whole process will take about two months. As a result, you will have a new varietal violet.

You can plant other stepsons in the same way. If they are not needed, remove them immediately so as not to spoil the decorative effect of your Saintpaulia. If necessary, plant them one by one as they grow.

Violet propagation using root shoots

Sometimes, adult violets, growing, form basal rosettes. Often, these children interfere with the development of the mother’s bush. In such cases, they should be separated and transplanted into separate pots (or simply removed). It is best to carry out the procedure for separating daughter rosettes in the summer - then the mother plant will be able to restore its strength and prepare for the coming of winter.

So, you decided to propagate your violet with the help of children. To do this, proceed as follows:

• Carefully dig out the daughter rosette (baby) from the ground with some sharp, clean object. Try not to damage the mother bush.
• If the baby has few roots but a lot of leaves, remove some of the leaves to make rooting easier.
• Place the baby in a small (5x5) pot with loose substrate, similar in composition to the soil in the mother pot.
• Moisten the soil moderately.
• Cover the pot with a jar or polyethylene to create a microclimate.
• Place the mini-greenhouse in a warm place with a large number diffused light.
• Ventilate Saintpaulia every day and moisten the soil if necessary.

After a week or two, the shelter can be removed, the baby should strengthen herself and begin an independent life.

How to grow violets from seeds

The first indoor violets (Saintpaulias) were grown from seeds of wild specimens back in 1892. Currently, there are about 16 thousand varieties of this wonderful flower. It turned out that propagation of violets using a leaf or its fragment is much more likely to lead to success than propagation by seeds, since it is extremely difficult to preserve tiny seedlings obtained from seeds and provide them with suitable conditions for existence.

To germinate seeds, use containers with lids no more than 5 cm deep. The substrate must be loose and consist of peat and sand. It is poured into a container in a layer of up to 4 cm and moistened. Seeds must be planted as follows. Arrange them according to wet surface substrate evenly, at a distance of 2 cm from each other. Close the lid. Maintain the temperature in the greenhouse at about 22 degrees. in the afternoon and about 18 degrees. at night. If necessary, ventilate the container and moisten the substrate using a fine spray bottle with warm, settled water.

The seeds germinate quickly and amicably. After 20 days you can already see tiny leaves on them. If you are in a hurry to transplant them, proceed with caution, as root system seedlings are thread-like and very weak. You may accidentally destroy it. Grow the transplanted specimens in mini greenhouses, under a lid, until they become stronger and grow to a size suitable for transplanting into small independent pots.

Propagation of violets using peduncles

Experienced flower growers and breeders propagate violets using this method. But for the reproduction of violets - chimeras - this is almost the only possible option, since with other methods their decorative features are lost.

Select a blooming or already faded flower with large stipules from the mother bush. Don't take buds, they won't fit. Cut out the flower stalk with a clean, sharp blade or knife. Air dry for 10-15 minutes, treat the cut with crushed activated carbon. It is better to root in a greenhouse with high humidity. As a substrate, use a mixture of chopped sphagnum moss and perlite. You will see that the peduncle has taken root when a young rosette appears near the stipule. Wait a little until it develops well, only then can it be transplanted into a pot with Saintpaulia soil.

Conclusion

We introduced you to all the ways to propagate indoor violets at home. We're sure you'll want to try them. After all, the more of these wonderful flowers there are in your apartment, the cleaner the air in it will be, the more pleasant the atmosphere. Friends visiting will admire the blooming bouquets of charming violets and praise the hostess for her hard work and excellent taste.

Violet is popular indoor flower, capable of decorating any room. If you take proper care of it, it will please its owner. abundant flowering. There are a large number of varieties of this plant.

Many flower growers are interested in the question: how do violets reproduce? The most common way is using a sheet. Propagation of violets by leaves at home is carried out in two ways - directly in the soil or in water. Let's look at them in more detail.

How to choose the right leaf for planting?

It depends on how correctly the leaf for propagation was chosen. successful cultivation new flower. To do this, planting material should be taken only from completely healthy plant, but one should take into account the fact that the leaves located in the bottom row of the rosette cannot be used. They are already old and after they take root they will not be able to form children for a very long time.

Also, for propagation, you cannot use leaves that are near the center of the outlet. The fact is that when collecting planting material in this place, it is quite easy to damage the violet’s growth center, and this has a negative effect on the flower.

The material that will be used to plant a new specimen should be taken from the second or third row from the bottom of the outlet. These are the leaves that are considered optimal for quickly taking root and producing babies. Also, for flower propagation, only healthy and elastic leaves are selected that have the characteristic color of the leaf plate, without any scratches, stains or other damage.

Many flower lovers order planting material by mail, which during transportation is often loses its elasticity. In this case, it should be completely soaked in weak solution potassium permanganate for several hours, after which it is dried.

How to properly cut a leaf stalk for rooting?

Many inexperienced flower growers believe that it is enough to pick a violet leaf and plant it. In this case, nothing good should be expected. Planting material, namely cuttings, should be properly prepared for further rooting. This is done in different ways.

The first method is to trim the cuttings with a sharp knife or blade. These devices are required before the procedure wipe with alcohol. The violet leaf is placed on a hard surface, after which, in one motion, an oblique cut is made at an angle of 45 degrees. Depending on the diameter of the container for growing the flower, leave a stem 3–5 cm long, after which the leaf is placed to dry or the fresh cut is sprinkled with activated or charcoal.

The second method is that the tip of the stem is simply broken off at the required distance from the leaf plate. This method is carried out if there is no sharp knife at hand or there is nothing to disinfect its blade with.

How to propagate violet leaves: methods

To root planting material, used for the method:

• in water;
• in the ground.

Propagating this flower at home in this way is considered the most popular. In this case, it is necessary to use a dark glass container into which cool boiled water is poured with an activated carbon tablet previously dissolved in it. The stem is immersed in water no more than 1 cm.

The liquid level in the container should always be kept under control and, if necessary, added. The speed at which roots appear at the cut of the stem directly depends on the type of violet and the temperature in the room. A rooted leaf should be replanted into the ground when the length of the roots at the cut is will reach one centimeter.

The danger with this method of propagation is that the cut may begin to rot or turn black. In this case, the damaged part is removed and the sheet is placed in a new container with clean water.

How to plant violets in the soil? First of all, the cuttings should not be too deep, otherwise the young rosettes will take quite a long time to make their way to the surface, as a result of which they will weaken and not hatch at all. The soil around the cutting is compacted and moistened, after which the container is covered with polyethylene, creating a greenhouse effect. As soon as young foliage appears above the soil surface, the film must be removed.

Propagation of violets by leaf in the ground

For this method it is usually used disposable plastic cups, at the bottom of which drainage holes are made using a sharp object to prevent water from stagnating in the soil and to avoid the development of rot.

The following drainage is also placed at the bottom of the cups:

• pebbles;
• pieces of crushed polystyrene foam.

Such a layer should cover the bottom of the container no more than 2 cm. Soil is poured on top of it, but not to the very top, leaving free space for the leaf to sit at an angle of 30 to 45 degrees. To plant it, make a small depression in the ground. After planting the stem, it is sprinkled with soil, which is lightly compacted to stabilize the planting material. To prevent the leaf plate from coming into contact with the surface of the ground, it should be supported with a toothpick.

Propagation of violets from leaves in this way is carried out in a special greenhouse. If it is not available at home, you can create a greenhouse effect by covering the container with polyethylene and placing it in a warm and bright place, regularly moistening the substrate. Under no circumstances should planting material be placed in direct sunlight, as high humidity air and heat can destroy a violet from a leaf.

It is necessary to replant the violet to a permanent place only when new leaves reached a diameter of more than 3 cm.

Propagation of violets from leaf fragments

This method of propagation is used for very rare types of violets or if the leaf has begun to rot. To prevent the rot from spreading further, the stem must be broken off at the very base of the leaf blade, and the leaf itself is cut into several fragments using a sharp knife. The main thing is that the fragment has at least one vein.

Quite often, violets are propagated using 1/3 of the top part of a leaf with a horizontal cut. Such a fragment is left for several minutes so that the film covers the fresh cut, after which it is processed charcoal or activated carbon. After this, the plate must be placed in a container with soil so that the cut fits tightly to the soil. To create greenhouse effect At home, polyethylene is used.

This method of propagating violets from parts of a leaf results in many more children, because they appear from each vein.

Necessary conditions for growing violets

In order for a violet from a leaf to quickly take root and subsequently grow strong and healthy, you need follow the following recommendations:

Thus, propagating violets from leaves at home, although troublesome, is completely justified. The main thing is choose the right way and follow all necessary recommendations. Only in this case will she grow strong and healthy, delighting the owner with her magnificent flowers.